CN117586789A - Preparation method of rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dot emulsifier - Google Patents
Preparation method of rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dot emulsifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN117586789A CN117586789A CN202311600648.8A CN202311600648A CN117586789A CN 117586789 A CN117586789 A CN 117586789A CN 202311600648 A CN202311600648 A CN 202311600648A CN 117586789 A CN117586789 A CN 117586789A
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- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- -1 rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dot Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PXRKCOCTEMYUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-aminoisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 PXRKCOCTEMYUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001157 Fourier transform infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/002—Inorganic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
- C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/65—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/017—Mixtures of compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/92—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/10—Nanoparticle-containing well treatment fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of emulsification, and discloses a Pickering emulsion prepared by using rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dot nano particles as an emulsifier. A green, environment-friendly and simple synthesis method is explored to prepare rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots. The modified carbon quantum dot nano-particles have good amphipathy, so that the modified carbon quantum dot nano-particles can stably exist at a two-phase interface, and the nano-particles are uniformly dispersed at the interface without obvious agglomeration phenomenon. Since rhodamine B itself has color and good lipophilicity, the emulsion droplets formed are stable and easily observable. The Pickering emulsifier prepared by the method has the characteristics of environmental protection, simple preparation, stable emulsion and the like, and has application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel carbon quantum dot type Pickering emulsifier, in particular to a method for carrying out surface modification on carbon quantum dots by rhodamine B for the first time.
Background
It is generally desirable to add a certain amount of emulsifier to form a stable emulsion during certain phases of hydrocarbon production to increase hydrocarbon production efficiency. At present, the stability of emulsion formed by using the traditional surfactant is lower, the dosage of the surfactant is large, and the utilization rate is lower. Currently, research and development of nanoparticle emulsifiers is attracting considerable attention. The Pickering emulsion stabilized by the nanoparticle emulsifier has relatively excellent stability, and the Pickering emulsion also has the advantages of low price, good biocompatibility, anti-coalescence property and the like. Solid particles such as silica, titania, iron oxide, montmorillonite, carbon quantum dots, hectorite, layered double hydroxides, and the like are known at present. The carbon quantum dots are used as nano particles, and have the advantages of good water solubility, relatively low toxicity, environmental friendliness, rich preparation raw materials, low cost, excellent biocompatibility and the like. Therefore, the amphipathy of the carbon quantum dots is improved by using a rhodamine B surface modification method, and the novel nanoparticle emulsifier is prepared.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to synthesize a novel carbon quantum dot type emulsifier, and the hydrophobicity of the carbon quantum dot is increased and the stability of Pickering emulsion is improved by a surface modification method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
1. a preparation method of a carbon quantum dot type emulsifier and a forming method of emulsion thereof comprise the following steps:
firstly, preparing modified carbon quantum dot nano particles by a surface modification mode, wherein the specific flow is as follows:
(1) 1.0g of citric acid is weighed, placed in a crucible, spread and put into a muffle furnace to be burned for 2 hours at 200 ℃.
(2) 0.3g of rhodamine B was weighed into 60ml deionized water and dissolved thoroughly by sonication.
(3) And dissolving the sintered product in the solution to carry out ultrasonic dissolution. And stirred for 12 hours, and stood for 12 hours.
(4) Centrifuging the solution for several times, pouring the upper liquid and cleaning the nanoparticles with deionized water for several times
(5) And drying and grinding the cleaned nano particles to obtain rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots.
The preparation of the (II) carbon quantum dot type Pickering emulsion comprises the following specific procedures:
(1) 7ml of deionized water was measured and added to the reagent bottle.
(2) 0.091g of nanoparticle emulsifier is weighed and added into a reagent bottle, and the reagent bottle is uniformly dispersed by ultrasonic.
(3) 7ml of thick oil is measured, added into a reagent bottle, sheared by a homogenizer and then stood to obtain emulsion.
Further, in the step (one) (2), the ultrasonic power is 750W.
Further, in the step (one) (4), the centrifugation speed is 8000r/min, the centrifugation is performed three times, each time is 6min, and deionized water is added again to the supernatant everywhere after each time.
Further, in the step (two) (2), the ultrasonic power is 750W.
Further, in the step (II) (3), the homogenizer was sheared at a high speed of 4000rpm for 6 minutes and then left to stand.
The carbon quantum dot type emulsifier prepared by the invention has the following action principle:
the carbon quantum dot is used as an emerging zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterial, and is easy to adsorb on the surface of liquid drops due to a proper size structure, so that the carbon quantum dot has a good application prospect of an emulsifier. The surface of the carbon quantum dot is provided with hydrophilic functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and the like, so that the interaction force between the carbon quantum dot and water molecules is enhanced; in addition, the carbon quantum dots generally have a certain degree of polarity, which is derived from the polarity of the surface functional groups on one hand and the static property of carbon on the other hand, and the polarities are helpful for attracting water molecules to form interaction with the carbon quantum dots and enhancing the hydrophilicity of the carbon quantum dots; furthermore, the particle size is smaller, so that the specific surface area and the surface energy are higher, and water molecules are connected with the carbon quantum dots through hydrogen bonds and occupy the surface space of the carbon quantum dots, so that the surface energy of the carbon quantum dots is reduced. The occupation effect enables the carbon quantum dots to form stronger interaction force with water molecules, and the carbon quantum dots show better hydrophilicity. According to the invention, rhodamine B with hydrophobic property is modified on the surface of the carbon quantum dot, so that the amphiphilic problem of the carbon quantum dot is solved. Therefore, the carbon quantum dots at the hydrophilic end are positioned in the water phase, the rhodamine B at the hydrophobic end is positioned in the oil phase, and the nano particles are positioned on the two-phase interface, so that the relatively stable Pickering emulsion is formed.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The surface-modified carbon quantum dot nano-particles have good stability to Pickering emulsion;
(2) The preparation process of the carbon quantum dot is simple and easy to operate;
(3) Emulsion droplets formed by the rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots are easy to observe;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of carbon quantum dot particles before and after modification;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing particle size distribution of particles before and after modification of carbon quantum dot particles according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a FT-IR spectrum of the carbon quantum dot particles of the invention before and after modification;
FIG. 4 is a graph of contact angles before and after modification of carbon quantum dot particles according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing elemental analysis before and after modification of carbon quantum dot particles according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the change of the concentration of carbon quantum dot particles and the particle diameter of emulsion droplets according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a macroscopic photograph and a microscopic photograph of an emulsion formed by the carbon quantum dots of the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel carbon quantum dot-based Pickering emulsifier, which is used for making the advantages and the technical scheme of the invention clearer and more definite, and is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The raw materials required by the invention can be purchased through commercial sources.
Example 1:
firstly weighing 1.0g of Citric Acid (CA), placing in a crucible, spreading, placing in a muffle furnace, burning for 2 hours at 200 ℃, taking out after cooling, and placing the sintered product in a mortar for grinding to obtain the Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs).
Example 2:
60ml of deionized water is firstly weighed into a round-bottom flask, 0.3g of rhodamine B is weighed into the round-bottom flask, stirring ultrasonic is carried out to enable the rhodamine B to be fully dissolved, and finally 0.3g of carbon quantum dots are weighed into the round-bottom flask. The rotor was placed in a round bottom flask, the round bottom flask was placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred for 12h, then allowed to stand for 12h. Fully stirring the solution after standing to ensure that the components are uniform, immediately split-charging the solution in a centrifuge tube in equal quantity, setting 8000r/min for 6min for centrifugal operation, pouring the upper layer solution, cleaning nano particles by deionized water, and centrifuging according to the steps. The above steps of washing and centrifuging were repeated three times. And (3) putting the obtained nano particles into a baking oven, baking at 60 ℃ for four hours to dry, putting the dried nano particles into a mortar for grinding, and collecting the fully ground nano particles to obtain the rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots.
Example 3:
the dosage cylinder is used for respectively weighing 7ml of deionized water and adding the deionized water into a small reagent bottle, 0.091g of modified carbon quantum dots are weighed and added into the reagent bottle for ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, 7ml of paraffin oil (water: oil=1:1) is respectively added, and a homogenizer is used for shearing at a high speed for 6min at a rotating speed of 4000rpm and then standing is carried out, so that stable emulsion is obtained.
The parts not described in detail in this embodiment and the english abbreviations are common general knowledge in the industry and can be found on the internet, and are not described here. The chemical reagent market is all sold.
The invention can be realized by referring to the prior art in the parts not described.
It is noted that equivalents will be within the scope of the invention by those skilled in the art given the benefit of this disclosure.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots and the emulsion forming method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps of;
firstly, preparing modified carbon quantum dot nano particles by a surface modification method, wherein the specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) Weighing 1.0g of Citric Acid (CA), placing into a crucible, paving, placing into a muffle furnace, burning for 2 hours at high temperature, cooling, taking out, and grinding the sintered product to obtain the Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs).
(2) 0.3g of rhodamine B was weighed into 60ml deionized water and dissolved thoroughly by sonication.
(3) 0.3g of carbon quantum dots are weighed and fully dissolved in the solution and reacted.
(4) Centrifuging the solution for 6-10min, pouring the upper layer solution and cleaning the nano particles with deionized water for several times.
(5) And drying and grinding the cleaned nano particles to obtain rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots.
The preparation of the (II) carbon quantum dot type Pickering emulsion comprises the following specific procedures:
(1) 7ml of deionized water was measured and added to the reagent bottle.
(2) 0.091g of nanoparticle emulsifier is weighed and added into a reagent bottle, and the reagent bottle is uniformly dispersed by ultrasonic.
(3) 7ml of thick oil is measured and added into a reagent bottle, the oil-water ratio of the thick oil reaches 1:1, and then the thick oil is sheared by a homogenizer and then is stood to obtain emulsion.
2. The method for preparing rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature of the muffle furnace in the step (one) (1) is 200 ℃, and the reaction time is 2h.
3. The method for preparing rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) modifying the hydrophobic group of the carbon quantum dot in the step (one) (2) to obtain rhodamine B.
4. The method for preparing rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (one) (3), rhodamine B and the original carbon quantum dots are reacted for 12 hours under the condition of stirring, and are kept stand for 12 hours.
5. The method for preparing rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) adding 0.3g of carbon quantum dots into the solution to dissolve the carbon quantum dots, wherein the modification amount of the carbon quantum dots is 1:1, namely the mass ratio of rhodamine B to the carbon quantum dots.
6. The method for preparing rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) placing the solution in the step (one) (4) in a centrifugal machine, wherein the rotating speed reaches 8000r/min and lasts for 6-10min.
7. The method for preparing rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (2) adding paraffin oil with the same volume as that of water into the step (II) (3) to enable the oil-water ratio to reach 1:1.
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| CN202311600648.8A CN117586789A (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2023-11-28 | Preparation method of rhodamine B modified carbon quantum dot emulsifier |
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