CN117569742A - Pre-punching air knife device and steel pipe pile driving method - Google Patents
Pre-punching air knife device and steel pipe pile driving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117569742A CN117569742A CN202410060556.3A CN202410060556A CN117569742A CN 117569742 A CN117569742 A CN 117569742A CN 202410060556 A CN202410060556 A CN 202410060556A CN 117569742 A CN117569742 A CN 117569742A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/26—Placing by using several means simultaneously
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pre-punching air knife devices and steel pipe pile driving methods, and discloses a pre-punching air knife device and a steel pipe pile driving method, wherein the pre-punching air knife device can be matched with a pile driver to punch downwards, and an annular soft channel, namely an annular pre-punching hole, is formed in advance at the position of formally driving the steel pipe pile; in the punching process, ultrahigh-pressure compressed air is sprayed out from an air nozzle along an air passage of the air conveying pipe fitting, and hard objects such as soil body, stone gravel in the soil body and the like which obstruct the steel pipe pile from descending are cut until the hard objects are punched to a designed and specified elevation and then pulled out. The problems of overlarge vibration and stone blocking pipe caused by hard objects are avoided, and the penetration degree can be increased. The annular pre-punched hole with vertical depth is formed by the pre-punched hole air knife device during construction, and is not influenced by hard objects, so that the verticality deviation can be ensured to be within a design range when the pile driver is used for driving the steel pipe pile later, the quality qualification rate of the steel pipe pile driving is improved, and the engineering progress is accelerated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel pipe pile construction, in particular to a pre-punching air knife device and a steel pipe pile driving method.
Background
At present, in the construction of the urban deep foundation pit engineering, a method of a pile-anchor composite supporting technology becomes a more effective method for solving the series of problems. The steel pipe pile is usually most commonly applied in the pile-anchor composite supporting system, and because the steel pipe pile can fully exert the advantages of high rigidity, quick construction, low cost and recoverability in the whole supporting system, the comprehensive advantages of deformation and stability of the foundation pit are obvious.
In the steel pipe pile driving process, a pile driver is generally used to carry a pile pipe to a certain depth by adopting a vibration or hammering mode to sink the steel pipe into a stratum, for example, a vibration and hammering integrated pile machine and a vibration hammer thereof shown in Chinese patent CN 201817813U are used to drive the steel pipe pile, but the following problems exist:
in the steel pipe pile driving process, when encountering hard soil layers or gravel-containing and stone-blocking soil layers, the problems of overlarge vibration and stone blocking can occur, and when severe, the gravel deflection can occur, so that the problems of small steel pipe pile penetration and large perpendicularity deviation are caused, and finally, the built steel pipe pile does not meet the design requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pre-punching air knife device and a steel pipe pile driving method, which solve the problems of pipe clamping, small penetration and large verticality deviation when a pile driver encounters a hard soil layer or gravel-containing soil layer and a rock block soil layer in the background art, and have the effects of preventing the pipe clamping, improving the steel pipe pile driving qualification rate, accelerating the engineering progress to a certain extent and saving the investment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, there is provided a pre-punch air knife apparatus comprising:
the installation base material comprises a steel pipe pile and a gas transmission pipe fitting connected with the outer side surface of the steel pipe pile; one end of the gas pipe fitting is provided with a connecting port, and the other end is closed; the gas transmission pipe fitting is arranged along the length direction of the steel pipe pile, and the gas sealing end is annularly arranged around the outer side of the bottom end of the steel pipe pile; a plurality of cutting air nozzles communicated with the internal air passage are arranged on the air transmission pipe fitting; the cutting air nozzles are arranged at the annular position and are distributed at intervals along the annular shape;
and the gas supply assembly is connected with the connecting port of the gas transmission pipe fitting so as to provide high-pressure compressed gas.
The pre-punching air knife device can be matched with a pile driver to punch downwards, and an annular soft channel, namely an annular pre-punching hole, is formed in advance at the position of formally punching the steel pipe pile; in the punching process, ultrahigh-pressure compressed air is sprayed out from an air nozzle along an air passage of the air conveying pipe fitting, and hard objects such as soil body, stone gravel in the soil body and the like which obstruct the steel pipe pile from descending are cut until the hard objects are punched to a designed and specified elevation and then pulled out. The process can cut the hard objects such as the stone gravel in the soil body and the gas sprayed by the cutting air nozzle to prevent the steel pipe pile from descending, so that the problems of overlarge vibration and stone blocking pipe caused by the hard objects are avoided, the penetration degree can be increased, the difficulty in digging is reduced, the soil body is not influenced by a hard soil layer or a gravel-containing stone soil layer, and the verticality is ensured.
Preferably, the gas transmission pipe fitting is made of a seamless steel pipe and is welded with the outer surface of the mounting base material; the cutting air nozzle is made of tungsten steel.
Preferably, the air supply assembly comprises an air compressor unit and a high-pressure expansion-resistant connecting hose, and the high-pressure expansion-resistant connecting hose is connected with the connecting port of the air transmission pipe fitting through a connecting joint.
Preferably, the outer surface of the mounting substrate is connected with an anti-knotting ring; the high-pressure anti-expansion connecting hose is connected with the gas pipe fitting by penetrating through an anti-knotting ring. The high-pressure expansion-resistant connecting hose is prevented from being in direct contact with the mounting base material, and friction is reduced. And the motion track of the high-pressure expansion-resistant connecting hose is limited, so that the knotting situation is reduced.
Preferably, the surface of one side of the gas pipe fitting, which is contacted with the mounting base material, is welded with the mounting base material along the track direction of the gas pipe fitting; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the gas pipe fitting is provided with a plurality of fixed welding pieces, two ends of each fixed welding piece are welded with the mounting base material, and a compression space for compressing the gas pipe fitting is formed in the middle.
Preferably, the mounting base material further comprises a plurality of thickening plates, wherein the plurality of thickening plates are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the top of the steel pipe pile and are connected with the outer surface of the steel pipe pile in a fitting mode.
In a second aspect, there is provided a method of driving a steel pipe pile, comprising the steps of:
the pre-punching air knife device is manufactured by utilizing an air conveying pipe fitting, an air supply assembly and one steel pipe pile meeting construction requirements;
forming an annular pre-punched hole at a target position by using a pile driver and a pre-punched hole air knife device;
driving the steel pipe pile with the same specification as the steel pipe pile into the annular pre-punched hole by using a pile driver;
repeating the steps, and driving the next steel pipe pile.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps before forming the annular pre-punched hole:
cleaning a construction site, and digging out concrete blocks and broken stones which affect construction; then leveling;
and after leveling, setting the driving position and range of the steel pipe pile, and measuring the starting point, turning point and ending point of the lofting mark steel pipe pile.
Preferably, forming an annular pre-punch at a target location using a pile driver and a pre-punch air knife assembly, comprising the steps of:
placing the guide enclosing purlin at the position where the steel pipe piles are arranged, and fixing two ends of the guide enclosing purlin so that a plurality of steel pipe piles can be arranged in the inner space of the guide enclosing purlin;
driving soil downwards by using a pile driver and a pre-punching air knife device until reaching a specified elevation;
the pre-punch air knife assembly is then withdrawn to form the annular pre-punch.
Preferably, the inner space of the guiding enclosing purlin is rectangular, and the outer diameter of the formed annular pre-punched hole is equal to or smaller than the distance between the two long sides; the length of the rectangle is an integral multiple of the outer diameter of the annular pre-punched hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the steel pipe pile is used as a base material, the gas transmission pipe fitting is arranged on the outer side of the steel pipe pile, and the pre-punching gas knife device formed by combining the gas supply assembly is low in manufacturing cost and can be repeatedly used on the steel pipe pile with the same specification. And the formed annular pre-punched hole is matched with the steel pipe pile to be driven.
2. Because the pre-punching air knife device can be matched with a pile driver, the pile driver can punch downwards, and an annular soft channel, namely an annular pre-punching hole, is formed in advance at the position of formally punching the steel pipe pile; in the punching process, ultrahigh-pressure compressed air is sprayed out from an air nozzle along an air passage of the air conveying pipe fitting, and hard objects such as soil body, stone gravel in the soil body and the like which obstruct the steel pipe pile from descending are cut until the hard objects are punched to a designed and specified elevation and then pulled out. The process avoids the problems of excessive vibration and stone blocking of the pipe caused by hard objects, and the penetration degree can be increased.
3. The annular pre-punched hole with vertical depth is formed by the pre-punched hole air knife device during construction, and the verticality of the annular pre-punched hole is ensured as the annular pre-punched hole is not influenced by a hard soil layer or a gravel-containing and stone-block soil layer; when the pile driver is subsequently utilized to drive the steel pipe pile, the perpendicularity deviation can be guaranteed to be in a design range, the quality qualification rate of the steel pipe pile driving is improved, and the engineering progress is accelerated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a state diagram of a guiding purlin provided in an embodiment of the present application during construction;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a pre-punch air knife apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the upper portion of the pre-punch air knife apparatus of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the lower portion of the pre-punch air knife apparatus of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a pre-punch air knife apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the upper portion of the pre-punch air knife apparatus of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the lower portion of the pre-punch air knife apparatus of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a mounting substrate of a pre-punch air knife apparatus.
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the bottom end of the mounting substrate of the pre-punch air knife apparatus and the air delivery tube.
Wherein: 1. installing a base material; 2. a gas delivery pipe fitting; 3. cutting the air nozzle; 4. anti-caking rings; 5. high pressure expansion-resistant hose; 6. fixing welding sheets; 7. adding a thick sheet; 8. guiding the purlin; 9. annular pre-punched holes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The following should be understood for the present invention:
with the acceleration of urban construction steps in China, comprehensive transformation of urban pump gates is performed, and more deep foundation pit projects under complex environmental conditions are generated. The environment around the deep foundation pit is complex, and the foundation pit support is required to ensure that a safe construction space exists when the building is used for constructing an underground structure in the construction process, and the requirement on the surrounding environment is extremely low, so that the normal use of various facilities cannot be influenced. Under complex environmental conditions, higher technical requirements are correspondingly provided for the supporting construction of the deep foundation pit. At present, in the construction of the urban deep foundation pit engineering, a method of a pile-anchor composite supporting technology becomes a more effective method for solving the series of problems. The steel pipe pile is usually most commonly applied in the pile-anchor composite supporting system, and because the steel pipe pile can fully exert the advantages of high rigidity, quick construction, low cost and recoverability in the whole supporting system, the comprehensive advantages of deformation and stability of the foundation pit are obvious.
The construction conditions which the invention deals with at present are:
the engineering site has complex geological conditions, and the shallow foundation rock-soil mass of 25m can be divided into 7 large layers and 8 sublayers. The north side of the foundation pit of the gate pump section, the north side of the foundation pit of the water inlet and outlet section and the north side of the foundation pit of the inland river approach section are adjacent to the old industrial factory building, the north side slope is provided with a former sewage pipeline, the south side is close to the east potato stream bridge, a natural gas pipeline is buried under the bridge, and the deep foundation pit engineering characteristics under complex environmental conditions are met. In construction, 133 steel pipe piles with phi 920mm multiplied by 16mm are designed on the south side slope of the foundation pit, 12 steel pipe piles with phi 920mm multiplied by 16mm are designed on the downstream of the north side slope close to a factory building, 145 steel pipe piles are total, and the length of each steel pipe pile is 18m. The conventional steel pipe pile is arranged without an external force device, so that the method is only suitable for a homogeneous soft foundation, for complex geological conditions of the project, the project is started on day 11 and 1 month 2023, only 5 test piles are driven in 2 days, the maximum filling degree of the 5 test piles is 93%, and in addition, the conditions of large verticality deviation and no upper and lower clamping pipes are caused, so that the 5 steel pipe piles do not meet the design quality requirements. In addition, the construction progress is calculated according to the construction progress of 5 steel pipe piles/2 days, 58 days are required for finishing 145 steel pipe piles, the construction progress can be seriously delayed, and the requirement of the whole project period is not met.
By combining the two practical difficulties of the quality and the progress of the above engineering, there is an urgent need to develop an air knife device capable of punching holes in advance when the steel pipe pile is driven, so as to solve the quality problem of the steel pipe pile construction and the influence on the engineering construction period.
The reason for the existence is that: in the process of steel pipe pile driving, the vibration reciprocating pile driver encounters hard soil layers or gravel-containing rock soil layers to influence the driving effect, and the vibration reciprocating pile driver is particularly characterized by excessively vibrating a rock block pipe, causing deviation of the gravel, small penetration, large verticality deviation and the like, finally causing the steel pipe pile to be inconsistent with the design requirement, and carrying out reworking operation.
Thus, referring to fig. 2-9, a pre-punch air knife apparatus is provided, comprising:
a mounting substrate 1 comprising a steel pipe pile and a gas transmission pipe fitting 2 connected with the outer side surface of the steel pipe pile; one end of the gas pipe fitting 2 is provided with a connecting port, and the other end is closed; the gas transmission pipe fitting 2 is arranged along the length direction of the steel pipe pile, and the gas sealing end is annularly arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the steel pipe pile; a plurality of cutting air nozzles 3 communicated with the internal air passage are arranged on the air pipe fitting 2; the cutting air nozzles 3 are arranged at annular positions and are distributed at intervals along the annular shape;
and the air supply assembly is connected with the connecting port of the air transmission pipe fitting 2 to provide high-pressure compressed air.
Above, the installation base material 1 is correspondingly replaced according to the specification and the size of the steel pipe pile required to be driven, so that an annular soft channel is formed in advance at the position of the formally driven steel pipe pile, and the subsequent steel pipe pile required to be driven can be adapted. The gas supply assembly provides high pressure compressed gas at an ultra-high pressure.
By utilizing the device, as the pre-punching air knife device can be matched with a pile driver, a downward punching is performed, and an annular soft channel, namely an annular pre-punching 9, is formed in advance at the position of formally punching the steel pipe pile; in the punching process, ultrahigh-pressure compressed air is sprayed out from an air nozzle along an air passage of the air transmission pipe fitting 2, and hard objects such as soil and stone gravel in the soil, which obstruct the downward movement of the steel pipe pile, are cut until the hard objects are punched to a designed and specified height and then pulled out. The process can cut the hard objects such as the stone gravel in the soil body and the gas sprayed by the cutting air nozzle 3 to prevent the steel pipe pile from descending, so that the problems of overlarge vibration and stone blocking caused by the hard objects are avoided, the penetration degree can be increased, the difficulty in digging is reduced, the soil body is not influenced by a hard soil layer or a gravel-containing stone soil layer, and the verticality is ensured.
Of course, the pre-punching air knife device may be used in more than just this environment, such as in some punching operations and the like. The pile driver that may be fitted may be a vibratory reciprocating pile driver or include, but are not limited to, the pile drivers mentioned in the background.
Further, the above device structure is described in detail:
the gas pipe fitting 2 is made of a seamless steel pipe and is welded with the outer surface of the mounting base material 1; the cutting air nozzle 3 is made of tungsten steel; the seamless steel tube is a thick-wall seamless carbon steel tube; the structure has the function of ensuring stable transmission of the air passage, can bear high pressure and cannot be changed under the action of external force. And has wear-resisting function.
Correspondingly, the air supply assembly comprises an air compressor unit and a high-pressure anti-expansion connecting hose 5, and the high-pressure anti-expansion connecting hose 5 is connected with the connecting port of the air pipe fitting 2 through a connecting joint. The high pressure expansion-resistant hose is an existing tubing and will not be described in detail herein. A pneumatic brake hose with pressure-resistant and explosion-proof functions, for example, as mentioned in CN 211901902U, belongs to the technical field of automobile parts. The hose comprises a hose body, wherein an inner adhesive layer for conveying media, a reinforcing layer for compression resistance and an outer adhesive layer for protecting the inside of the hose body from being damaged are sequentially arranged on the hose body from inside to outside, an inner compression-resistant assembly and an outer compression-resistant assembly are further arranged on the hose body, and the inner compression-resistant assembly is arranged on the inner adhesive layer. The enhancement layer can strengthen the compressive and explosion-proof ability of hose main part self, and the compressive capacity of hose main part radial direction and the explosion-proof ability of hose main part under high pressure can be strengthened to a plurality of outer ring that cooperates in compression resistance subassembly and the outer compression resistance subassembly, thereby can also play the effect that reduces the expansion quantity of hose main part under high pressure and reach the braking force of reinforcing vehicle brake shoe or brake caliper, and outer ring along the even setting of axial interval can make the compressive more balanced of hose main part.
The air compressor unit is a machine device for compressing air and storing the air in the air storage tank and consists of a compressor, wherein the compressor is a core component of the air compressor and is responsible for compressing the air. Common compressors are screw compressors, piston compressors, and the like. The driving device provides power for the compressor and can be an electric motor, a diesel engine and the like. Cooling system-during the compression process, the air temperature will rise, requiring a cooling by the cooling system. The cooling system typically includes a fan, a radiator, and the like. Oil system the oil system is mainly responsible for protecting and lubricating the various components of the compressor, such as the compressor bearings, cylinders, etc. The oil system generally includes an oil pump, an oil tank, and the like. The control system is used for monitoring and adjusting the state of the air compressor, such as the parameters of the pressure, the temperature, the running time and the like of the compressor. Common control systems include a PLC control system, an electronic control system and the like. The air storage tank is the equipment for storing compressed air by the air compressor. The air storage tank can reduce the switching times of the compressor and stably output air pressure. The above are the main components of the air compressor, and different types of air compressors may differ in composition. When the air compressor is used, proper models and configurations are required to be selected according to actual requirements so as to ensure normal operation and efficient operation of equipment.
The high-pressure expansion-resistant connecting hose 5 has the problems of abrasion and knotting in the process of matching the movement of a pile driver, so the following settings are provided:
the outer surface of the mounting substrate 1 is connected with a knotting prevention ring 4; the high-pressure anti-expansion connecting hose 5 is penetrated with an anti-knotting ring 4 and connected with the gas pipe fitting 2. The knotting prevention ring 4 is made of soft material and has a smooth surface. Which avoids direct contact of the high pressure expansion-resistant hose 5 with the mounting substrate 1, reducing friction. And the motion track of the high-pressure expansion-resistant connecting hose 5 is limited to reduce the knotting condition.
Further, in order to specifically realize connection of the gas pipe fitting 2 and the mounting substrate 1, the following settings are provided:
firstly, the surface of one side of the gas pipe fitting 2, which is contacted with the mounting base material 1, is welded with the mounting base material 1 along the track direction of the gas pipe fitting 2;
secondly, be equipped with a plurality of fixed welding pieces 6 on the gas-supply pipe fitting 2, the both ends and the installation substrate 1 welding of fixed welding piece 6, the middle part forms the space that compresses tightly that is used for compressing tightly gas-supply pipe fitting 2. The use of the fixing welding piece 6 facilitates positioning and fixing in the early stage and facilitates the subsequent operation.
Thirdly, the surface of one side of the gas pipe fitting 2, which is in contact with the mounting base material 1, is welded with the mounting base material 1 along the track direction of the gas pipe fitting 2; a plurality of fixed welding pieces 6 are arranged on the gas pipe fitting 2, two ends of each fixed welding piece 6 are welded with the mounting base material 1, and a compression space for compressing the gas pipe fitting 2 is formed in the middle.
The three schemes can be adopted, and the gas transmission pipe fitting 2 is fully welded along the two sides of the outer wall of the pipe body during welding, and is transited to the annular two sides by smooth curves at the bottom end of the steel pipe pile for full welding.
Further, in the actual use, the pile driver hydraulic clamp can deform or damage the steel pipe pile when being hung, so the following design is adopted:
the mounting base material 1 further comprises a plurality of thickening plates 7, and the plurality of thickening plates 7 are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the top of the steel pipe pile and are connected with the outer surface of the steel pipe pile in a fitting mode. And the thickened sheet 7 is fully welded with one side of the steel pipe pile body. The edge opening at the steel top end of the used steel pipe pile is thickened by 50cm to form a thickened sheet 7, so that the deformation of the hydraulic clamp of the pile driver during hoisting is prevented. The top end of the steel pipe pile is lengthened by 1m to leave a clamp operation space of the pile driver.
The invention also provides a method for driving various steel pipe piles, which comprises the following steps:
the pre-punching air knife device is formed by manufacturing the air pipe fitting 2, the air supply assembly and one steel pipe pile meeting construction requirements;
forming an annular pre-punched hole 9 at a target position by using a pile driver and a pre-punched hole air knife device;
driving the steel pipe pile with the same specification as the steel pipe pile into the annular pre-punched hole 9 by using a pile driver;
repeating the steps, and driving the next steel pipe pile.
The annular pre-punched hole 9 with vertical depth is formed by the pre-punched hole air knife device during construction, and the verticality of the annular pre-punched hole is ensured as the annular pre-punched hole is not influenced by a hard soil layer or a gravel-containing and stone-block soil layer; when the pile driver is subsequently utilized to drive the steel pipe pile, the perpendicularity deviation can be guaranteed to be in a design range, the quality qualification rate of the steel pipe pile driving is improved, and the engineering progress is accelerated.
In some preferred embodiments, the following steps are also included before forming the annular pre-punched hole 9:
cleaning a construction site, and digging out concrete blocks and broken stones which affect construction; then leveling;
and after leveling, setting the driving position and range of the steel pipe pile, and measuring the starting point, turning point and ending point of the lofting mark steel pipe pile.
In some preferred embodiments, the annular pre-punch 9 is formed at the target location using a pile driver and pre-punch air knife apparatus, comprising the steps of:
the guide enclosing purlin 8 is placed at the position where steel pipe piles are arranged, and two ends of the guide enclosing purlin 8 are fixed, so that a plurality of steel pipe piles can be arranged in the inner space of the guide enclosing purlin 8; the use of the guide enclosing purlin 8 can ensure the uniformity of the steel pipe column design.
Driving soil downwards by using a pile driver and a pre-punching air knife device until reaching a specified elevation;
the pre-punch air knife device is then pulled out to form the annular pre-punch 9.
The inner space of the guiding enclosing purlin 8 is rectangular, and the outer diameter of the formed annular pre-punched hole 9 is equal to or smaller than the distance between two long sides; the length of the rectangle is an integer multiple of the outer diameter of the annular pre-punched hole 9. Reference is made to figure 1.
Through the above description, the beneficial effects achieved by the invention are as follows:
1. the steel pipe pile is used as a base material, the gas transmission pipe fitting 2 is arranged on the outer side of the steel pipe pile, and the pre-punching gas knife device formed by combining the gas supply assembly is low in manufacturing cost and can be repeatedly used on the steel pipe pile with the same specification. And the formed annular pre-punched hole 9 is matched with a steel pipe pile to be driven.
2. Because the pre-punching air knife device can be matched with a pile driver, a downward punching is performed, and an annular soft channel, namely an annular pre-punching 9, is formed in advance at the position of formally punching the steel pipe pile; in the punching process, ultrahigh-pressure compressed air is sprayed out from an air nozzle along an air passage of the air transmission pipe fitting 2, and hard objects such as soil and stone gravel in the soil, which obstruct the downward movement of the steel pipe pile, are cut until the hard objects are punched to a designed and specified height and then pulled out. The process avoids the problems of excessive vibration and stone blocking of the pipe caused by hard objects, and the penetration degree can be increased.
3. The annular pre-punched hole 9 with vertical depth is formed by the pre-punched hole air knife device during construction, and the verticality of the annular pre-punched hole is ensured as the annular pre-punched hole is not influenced by a hard soil layer or a gravel-containing and stone-block soil layer; when the pile driver is subsequently utilized to drive the steel pipe pile, the perpendicularity deviation can be guaranteed to be in a design range, the quality qualification rate of the steel pipe pile driving is improved, and the engineering progress is accelerated.
4. The device is locally available, is simple to manufacture and low in cost, accelerates the construction progress, can be repeatedly used on the steel pipe piles with the same specification, and ensures the quality qualification rate of the steel pipe piles.
After the device is actually applied to the engineering, the following statistical data are obtained: the device is manufactured and maintained for 3 days, and the time for punching 145 steel pipe piles is 17 days, wherein 8 positions are close to mountain bedrock, the penetration is 94% -100%, the rest is 100%, and the verticality is controlled below 1%. All the party item data meet project team expectation and construction requirements.
The following gives a practical application case to illustrate the construction steps:
the south side of a foundation pit of a new civil bridge gate station adopts a supporting mode of vertical steel pipe pile supporting and slope discharging excavation, and the steel pipe pile adopts phi 920 x 16 and is made of Q355B. According to the actual situation of the site, a 700-type hydraulic hammer is adopted for the setting. The closest distance between the western building and the steel pipe pile is about 25 meters, when the steel pipe pile at the section is driven, the hole is firstly drilled, then the hydraulic hammer is used for static pressure pressing in, and the monitoring is enhanced during construction.
The construction process flow comprises the following steps:
cleaning sundries, lofting and positioning, manufacturing a guide enclosing purlin, driving a guide pile, driving a steel pipe pile, shifting the guide enclosing purlin, and repeatedly driving.
1. Preparation work
1.1, cleaning soil body, and digging out concrete blocks, broken stones and the like which possibly affect construction.
1.2, checking the steel pipe piles one by one, and avoiding the steel pipe piles with unqualified materials, serious structural deformation and serious damage to pile body structures.
1.3, checking a hydraulic hammer: the hydraulic hammer is a key device for driving and pulling steel sheet piles, and special inspection is required before driving and pulling, so that smooth lines and normal functions are ensured.
2. Measuring lofting-lofting positioning
And 2.1, according to measurement control point data provided by an owner, setting out by utilizing a GPS (global positioning system) in combination with a total station, setting out the set-up position and range of the steel pipe pile on site, respectively measuring characteristic points such as a starting point, a turning point, a finishing point and the like of the set-out steel pipe pile, marking with a colored flag, and fixing.
2.2, manufacturing of guiding purlin 8
And a guide purlin is manufactured by adopting No. 32 channel steel according to a block of 12 meters, the width is 1.10m, and the length is 12 meters.
3. Driving guide pile and steel pipe pile
Installing and fixing a guide enclosing purlin 8 at a pile position of a lofting sample, namely respectively punching two ends of the guide enclosing purlin 8 with a guide pile to fix the guide enclosing purlin 8, and downwards punching soil in the guide enclosing purlin 8 by using a pile driver and a pre-punching air knife device until the soil is punched to a specified height; then the pre-punching air knife device is pulled out to form the annular pre-punching hole 9; the pile driver is then used to drive a steel pipe pile into the annular pre-punched hole 9. After one block is 12m, the block is moved to the next area for setting. The action of guiding the enclosing purlin 8 can be explained with reference to the illustration of fig. 1. The symbol a shown in fig. 1 is a steel pipe pile.
Overall construction sequence:
and according to the site observation condition, the length of the south side steel pipe pile section is about 130m, and a construction operation mode of driving and advancing from the inland side (the inland side of the external river) is adopted.
Deviation standard of steel pipe pile driving. The following table.
| Project | Tolerance is allowed |
| Pile top horizontal deviation | ±15cm |
| Pile top elevation | +10cm，-0cm |
| Perpendicularity of pile | 1.0% (vertical longitudinal axis direction) |
Acceptance of steel pipe pile
After the steel pipe pile is finished, the construction unit, the supervision unit and the construction unit are combined to carry out special acceptance on the steel pipe pile, and after the steel pipe pile is qualified, other construction operations of the foundation pit can be carried out.
Dismantling of steel pipe piles
And after the pump station and the adjacent parts reach 3.0m elevation, the steel pipe pile is dismantled.
Pile pulling adopts a vibrating hammer: the forced vibration generated by the vibrating hammer is utilized to disturb the soil quality, destroy the cohesive force of the soil around the steel pipe pile so as to overcome the pile pulling resistance, and pull out the pile by means of the additional lifting force.
Before pile pulling, communicating with surrounding residents and related units, listening to comments of all parties, synchronously carrying out pulling and monitoring, carrying out settlement and displacement observation on foundation pits and surrounding buildings, timely arranging and comparing data, and immediately stopping construction once exceeding an early warning value is found.
Before the steel pipe pile is pulled out, an auxiliary steel wire cable is installed on the pile, and then the operation is performed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit thereof, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A pre-punching air knife device, characterized in that it comprises:
a mounting base material (1) comprising a steel pipe pile and a gas transmission pipe fitting (2) connected with the outer side surface of the steel pipe pile; one end of the gas pipe fitting (2) is provided with a connecting port, and the other end is closed; the gas transmission pipe fitting (2) is arranged along the length direction of the steel pipe pile, and the gas sealing end is annularly arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the steel pipe pile; a plurality of cutting air nozzles (3) communicated with the internal air passage are arranged on the air transmission pipe fitting (2); cutting air nozzles (3) are arranged at the annular position and are distributed at intervals along the annular shape;
and the air supply assembly is connected with the connecting port of the air transmission pipe fitting (2) so as to provide high-pressure compressed air.
2. A pre-punched air knife device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the gas transmission pipe fitting (2) is made of a seamless steel pipe and is welded with the outer surface of the mounting base material (1); the cutting air nozzle (3) is made of tungsten steel.
3. A pre-punched air knife device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the air supply assembly comprises an air compressor unit and a high-pressure anti-expansion connecting hose (5), and the high-pressure anti-expansion connecting hose (5) is connected with the connecting port of the air transmission pipe fitting (2) through a connecting joint.
4. A pre-punched air knife device as defined in claim 3 wherein:
the outer surface of the mounting base material (1) is connected with an anti-knotting ring (4); the high-pressure anti-expansion connecting hose (5) is penetrated with an anti-knotting ring (4) and connected with the gas transmission pipe fitting (2).
5. A pre-punched air knife device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the surface of one side of the gas transmission pipe fitting (2) contacted with the mounting base material (1) is welded with the mounting base material (1) along the track direction of the gas transmission pipe fitting (2); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the gas pipe fitting (2) is provided with a plurality of fixed welding pieces (6), two ends of each fixed welding piece (6) are welded with the mounting base material (1), and a compression space for compressing the gas pipe fitting (2) is formed in the middle.
6. The pre-punched air knife device according to claim 1, wherein:
the mounting base material (1) further comprises a plurality of thickening plates (7), and the plurality of thickening plates (7) are circumferentially distributed on the outer side of the top of the steel pipe pile and are connected with the outer surface of the steel pipe pile in a fitting mode.
7. The steel pipe pile driving method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
forming the pre-punching air knife device according to any one of claims 1-6 by using the air pipe fitting (2), the air supply assembly and one steel pipe pile meeting construction requirements;
forming an annular pre-punched hole (9) at a target position by using a pile driver and a pre-punched hole air knife device;
driving a steel pipe pile with the same specification as the steel pipe pile into the annular pre-punched hole (9) by using a pile driver;
repeating the steps, and driving the next steel pipe pile.
8. The steel pipe pile driving method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the method further comprises the following steps before forming the annular pre-punched hole (9):
cleaning a construction site, and digging out concrete blocks and broken stones which affect construction; then leveling;
and after leveling, setting the driving position and range of the steel pipe pile, and measuring the starting point, turning point and ending point of the lofting mark steel pipe pile.
9. The steel pipe pile driving method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
forming an annular pre-punched hole (9) at a target location using a pile driver and a pre-punched hole air knife device, comprising the steps of:
the guide enclosing purlin (8) is placed at the position where the steel pipe piles are arranged, and two ends of the guide enclosing purlin are fixed, so that a plurality of steel pipe piles can be arranged in the inner space of the guide enclosing purlin (8);
driving soil downwards by using a pile driver and a pre-punching air knife device until reaching a specified elevation;
the pre-punched air knife device is then extracted to form said annular pre-punched hole (9).
10. The steel pipe pile driving method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the inner space of the guide enclosing purlin (8) is rectangular, and the outer diameter of the formed annular pre-punched hole (9) is equal to or smaller than the distance between two long sides; the length of the rectangle is an integral multiple of the outer diameter of the annular pre-punched hole (9).
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| CN202410060556.3A CN117569742A (en) | 2024-01-16 | 2024-01-16 | Pre-punching air knife device and steel pipe pile driving method |
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| CN202410060556.3A CN117569742A (en) | 2024-01-16 | 2024-01-16 | Pre-punching air knife device and steel pipe pile driving method |
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