CN117567106A - Solid waste-based phase change foam concrete and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Solid waste-based phase change foam concrete and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117567106A CN117567106A CN202311618483.7A CN202311618483A CN117567106A CN 117567106 A CN117567106 A CN 117567106A CN 202311618483 A CN202311618483 A CN 202311618483A CN 117567106 A CN117567106 A CN 117567106A
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- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims description 81
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 88
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BAQZBVWRGZYCTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)O Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)O BAQZBVWRGZYCTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical group O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5076—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with masses bonded by inorganic cements
- C04B41/5085—Calcium sulfate cements
- C04B41/5087—Anhydrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of green energy-saving building materials, aiming at solving the problems of high manufacturing cost, poor stability, high production and application requirements, poor season universality and the like of phase-change wall materials, wherein the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-37 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, 8-12 parts of slag powder, 8-13 parts of brick slag, 1.0-1.5 parts of basalt fiber, 2-3 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃, 2-4 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 18 ℃, 0.01-0.02 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.0025-0.005 part of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, 2.5-3.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.3-0.5 part of manganese dioxide, 20-27 parts of water, 5-8 parts of gypsum, 1.0-1.5 parts of super absorbent resin and 0.1-0.3 part of surfactant. The invention can meet the energy-saving requirement of the building under the high-temperature and low-temperature environment and improve the effective period of the technical function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of green energy-saving building materials, in particular to solid waste base phase change foam concrete and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Phase change materials refer to materials that change state of matter and provide latent heat at a phase change temperature. This process is known as a phase change process, in which a phase change material absorbs or releases a large amount of thermal energy. The resource utilization of solid wastes is always an engineering technical problem worldwide. The building solid waste such as brick slag and the like has large discharge amount and poor uniformity, and is crushed and processed into aggregate and powder or directly used for backfilling, so that the self characteristics of the building solid waste are not fully utilized. Industrial solid wastes such as slag, flue gas desulfurization gypsum and the like have increasingly thin economic advantages in the prior art, and still have considerable discharge pressure, so that new resource utilization technical approaches are urgently needed. With the continuous development of modern building industrialization, the performance requirements of wall materials in the building industry are increasing. The wall material is a main component of a building maintenance structure, has large consumption and is important for building energy conservation. Phase change wall materials have become a focus of attention in the industry. The solid waste materials are applied to the phase change wall materials in a large quantity through a new technical means, so that the solid waste discharge pressure can be effectively relieved, and the energy conservation and environmental protection of the building can be improved, which becomes one of the development trends of the building industry.
In the prior art, the phase change wall material has more researches and applications, and has the problems of high cost, poor stability, high production and application requirements, poor season universality and the like. For example, chinese patent application CN201811568070.1 provides a north wall of a solar greenhouse, whose content only relates to the structural design and heat insulation principle of the heat-insulating wall by using phase-change building blocks. Chinese patent application CN202210444404.4 provides a phase change energy storage concrete wall for heat preservation and insulation, and this wall comprises outside phase change wallboard layer, foam concrete heat preservation, inboard phase change wallboard layer and mortar layer of plastering in proper order, and wherein outside phase change wallboard layer and inboard phase change wallboard layer adopt octadecane paraffin phase change microcapsule and hexadecane paraffin phase change microcapsule to directly add to conventional concrete raw materials and prepare phase change concrete, and the foam concrete heat preservation does not involve the phase change material. However, the phase-change microcapsule used by the phase-change microcapsule is too expensive, the related wall body is a multi-layer composite wall body, the problems of complex structural procedure, great self weight and the like exist, the phase-change materials with different phase-change temperatures are adopted on the inner side and the outer side of the wall body, only one environment condition of low indoor temperature and high outdoor temperature is considered, and the phase-change process has no function universality for four seasons.
In the literature, paraffin emulsion phase-change foam concrete test research (Chen Zhichun and the like, silicate report, 2023, 42 (5), 1623-1629+1649) phase-change paraffin aqueous dispersion emulsion is prepared and introduced into a chemical foaming process to prepare phase-change foam concrete, wherein paraffin with a phase-change temperature of 28-30 ℃ is adopted, the paraffin is participated in the foam concrete preparation process in the form of emulsion, and the phase-change foam concrete prepared by research is used as a heat insulation material and cannot be independently used as a wall material as far as the research result is concerned. In the literature of phase change heat storage foam concrete thermal performance (et al, composite materials journal, 2023, 4 (07) period, 4246-4259), a capric acid-hexadecanol/gas phase silicon dioxide shaping composite phase change material is adopted, cement-based phase change foam concrete is prepared by a physical foaming mode, the influence of the shaping composite phase change material on the dry density, compressive strength and thermophysical properties of the foam concrete is explored, and an ABAQUS finite element software is utilized to build a phase change heat storage foam concrete wall model. The research adopts phase-change materials with high price, and only adopts phase-change materials with one phase-change temperature. The prepared phase-change foam concrete is A07 grade, the strength is less than 4MPa, and the requirements of the industry on the mechanical properties of wall materials cannot be met. In the research on preparation and thermal characteristics of novel phase-change heat storage foam concrete (Qu Yue, university of Guangzhou, 2021, 02 month) of Shuoshi paper, paraffin is adsorbed by fumed silica to form a paraffin/fumed silica composite phase-change material by a fusion adsorption method, and cement-based foam concrete is prepared by using the paraffin/fumed silica composite phase-change material, so that the influence of the phase-change material on the performance of the foam concrete is studied.
In a word, most of the existing research results and papers adopt a single phase change material with a single phase change temperature or a simple external heat and internal cold two-phase temperature change principle, the adopted phase change microcapsule or phase change carrier is high in price, the related research of preparing the phase change microcapsule by adopting brick residues is almost absent, and the related technical method of preparing the phase change foam concrete by adopting paraffin with two phase change temperatures through preparing the phase change microcapsule and heating and vacuum adsorption of a matrix does not appear. Therefore, along with the continuous deepening of solid waste recycling and energy conservation and emission reduction of buildings, the sustainable development of the building industry is accelerated, and development of novel solid waste-based energy-saving wall materials with universality in four seasons is urgently needed to solve the technical problems of high efficiency, high additional value treatment and energy conservation technology improvement of building maintenance structures of solid waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, namely the problems proposed by the background technology, the invention provides solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-37 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, 8-12 parts of slag powder, 8-13 parts of brick slag, 1.0-1.5 parts of basalt fiber, 2-3 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃, 2-4 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 18 ℃, 0.01-0.02 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.0025-0.005 part of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, 2.5-3.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.3-0.5 part of manganese dioxide, 20-27 parts of water, 5-8 parts of gypsum, 1.0-1.5 parts of super absorbent resin and 0.1-0.3 part of surfactant.
The invention is further provided with: the quality grade of the slag powder is S95 grade, the brick slag is MU5-MU15 grade red brick slag, and the grain size range is 3-5mm.
The invention is further provided with: the length of the basalt fiber ranges from 6 mm to 9mm.
The invention is further provided with: the gypsum is secondary and above flue gas desulfurization gypsum specified in flue gas desulfurization gypsum GB/T37785-2019.
The invention is further provided with: the surfactant is one of glyceryl monostearate or polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether.
The invention is further provided with: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing paraffin wax with the phase change temperature of 18 ℃, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and water according to the proportion of 74:0.4:0.1:25.5, heating to 90 ℃, stirring at a constant temperature of 3000rpm/min for 10 minutes, cooling to 50 ℃ by adopting an external cooling water bath mode, stirring at a constant temperature for 5 minutes, and continuously stirring until the temperature is cooled to 30 ℃ to obtain the composite paraffin wax microemulsion for later use;
s2, adding brick residues into the composite paraffin microemulsion, placing the composite paraffin microemulsion into a vacuum tank with the vacuum degree of minus 0.1MPa for vacuum adsorption for 10min, taking out the composite paraffin microemulsion, crushing the composite paraffin microemulsion by using a disc crusher or a hammer crusher, and sieving the composite paraffin microemulsion by using a 80-mesh square hole sieve to prepare the phase-change brick residue microcapsule for later use;
s3, adding 3-5 parts of water into the super absorbent resin to prepare the pre-absorbent super absorbent resin for later use;
s4, uniformly mixing the phase-change brick residue microcapsules, the pre-water-absorption super absorbent resin, 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, slag powder, basalt fiber and manganese dioxide, and adding 10-14 parts of water to mix to prepare slurry for later use;
s5, adding hydrogen peroxide into the slurry, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mold, standing for curing, and curing for 28d to obtain a foam concrete matrix I for later use;
s6, spreading paraffin with the phase change temperature of 28 ℃ on the bottom surface of a tray, placing one side of the foam concrete matrix I on the bottom surface of the tray, placing the tray into a vacuum dryer for heating and vacuum adsorption for 25min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a foam concrete matrix II for later use;
s7, heating and dehydrating gypsum to obtain dehydrated gypsum with beta-type hemihydrate gypsum as a main component for later use;
s8, adding the rest parts of water and surfactant into the dehydrated gypsum to prepare gypsum slurry for later use;
s9, coating the gypsum slurry on the paraffin adsorption surface of the foam concrete matrix II for encapsulation, and obtaining the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete with the compressive strength in the range of 15-22 MPa.
The invention is further provided with: in the step S5, the stirring speed is 250-300rpm/min, the stirring time is 10-15 seconds, the curing temperature is 20+/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than 90%.
The invention is further provided with: in the step S6, the temperature range in the vacuum dryer is 35+/-2 ℃, the vacuum degree is minus 0.1MPa, and the vacuum dryer is naturally cooled to room temperature or below 20 ℃.
The invention is further provided with: in the step S7, the heating temperature of the gypsum is 100-107 ℃ and the heating time is 25-35min.
The invention is further provided with: the application range of the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete includes, but is not limited to, building blocks, building partition boards, wall brick preparation and wall materials.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention adopts paraffin with phase transition temperature of 18 ℃, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and water to prepare composite paraffin microemulsion, adopts brick slag as an adsorption carrier, and adopts brick slag particles with particle size of 3-5mm to prepare phase-change microcapsules by vacuum adsorption of paraffin and crushing into powder, wherein a self-encapsulated pore adsorption paraffin system is formed by microcapsule particle communities, and the adsorption of paraffin and free paraffin on the surfaces of the particles is less. Even if the temperature changes in the production process, partial paraffin is liquefied, and no flow can be generated. The brick residue phase change microcapsule is used for preparing foam concrete, and in actual engineering, even if partial paraffin is liquefied and separated out in use, the foam concrete has enough closed space for migration, so that the foam concrete matrix does not need to be packaged. Compared with the phase-change microcapsule of the existing variety, the phase-change microcapsule has obvious advantages in technical cost. The method provides a recycling technical approach with high added value for recycling the waste brick slag, and has remarkable economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit;
2. according to the invention, the paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 18 ℃ and 28 ℃ is adopted to set a double phase transition interval, wherein the paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 18 ℃ is selected as the indoor minimum heating temperature in winter in severe cold areas, so that the heat storage and energy conservation of buildings in winter heating periods can be effectively realized. And because the paraffin wax has low phase transition temperature and high melt flow tendency, the phase transition microcapsule is prepared, and the phase transition microcapsule is designed to exist in a foam concrete structure in a macroscopic homogenization way. The paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃ is selected to ensure the indoor comfortable upper limit temperature of 28 ℃ under the hot summer condition, and can meet the energy-saving requirement of the building in the high-temperature period in summer. It is designed to be present in the form of a phase change energy storage layer on the near-outdoor side in a foam concrete structure. Therefore, the solid waste base phase change foam concrete can meet the energy-saving requirements of buildings in high-temperature and low-temperature environments, and the annual effective period of the technical functions of the solid waste base phase change foam concrete can be improved;
3. the invention constructs the intelligent opening mode of the foam concrete matrix adsorption channel by selecting the super absorbent resin. The volume of the pre-absorbed super absorbent resin expands and is relatively stable, the super absorbent resin is embedded in the wall of the foam concrete hole, the compactness of the wall of the hole is ensured in the hardening and structure forming process, and the moisture is gradually released along with the reduction of the humidity of the internal environment of the foam concrete in the curing period, so that the deep hydration of the cementing material is promoted. After the foam concrete pore wall forms enough strength, the super absorbent resin forms cracks on the pore wall due to volume shrinkage caused by water loss, and the original closed pore structure is communicated, so that the adsorption capacity to paraffin is increased, and the penetration depth of liquid paraffin to a foam concrete matrix is improved. The technical measure ensures the rapid formation of structural strength in the early stage of hardening of the foam concrete, avoids common engineering problems such as foam collapse and the like, improves the adsorption capacity of the matrix in the phase change material adsorption process, and has remarkable technical benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a solid waste-based phase change foam concrete product.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein two kinds of paraffin with phase-change temperature of 18 ℃ and 28 ℃ are selected, and the paraffin is respectively aimed at high temperature in summer and severe cold environmental conditions in winter. The indoor environment temperature suitable for summer is below 28 ℃, the winter heating standard reaching temperature in northern areas is 18 ℃, and the energy saving requirement of buildings in summer and winter can be met by selecting paraffin with the two phase transition temperatures.
The brick slag with the grain diameter of 3-5mm is selected as an adsorption carrier of the composite paraffin microemulsion, a large number of micropores and mesopores are generated in the brick slag during the crushing preparation process, and the adsorption rate of the composite paraffin microemulsion in the micropores and mesopores in the brick slag is improved through vacuum adsorption, so that the adsorption amount of the composite paraffin microemulsion in macropores is reduced. In the vacuum adsorption process, the liquid paraffin adsorbed by the micropores of the brick slag is re-solidified and remains in the brick slag along with the reduction of temperature.
The disc crusher or the hammer crusher is selected, so that the crushing efficiency is improved, the pulverizing time is shortened, and the aggravation of paraffin liquefaction and precipitation tendency caused by overlong heating time of brick slag particles in the crushing process is avoided. As the composite paraffin microemulsion exists in the form of micropores and mesoporous adsorption in the brick slag particles, the mechanical crushing mainly refines the particles along macroscopic pores, and the separation of paraffin and the brick slag particles in the crushing process can not be caused. Meanwhile, the moisture in the microemulsion is migrated to the outside of the particles by utilizing the heat energy converted by the crushing mechanical energy. In the process, on one hand, the temperature of particles can be reduced by absorbing heat, the softening tendency of paraffin is reduced, and on the other hand, the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol is diffused at a speed remarkably higher than that of paraffin, so that the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol is preferentially diffused outside pores, and is accelerated to solidify in the heating process, so that pore channels are blocked, and a self-packaging structure of the inside of brick slag particles to the paraffin is formed.
Crushing the brick slag particles after paraffin adsorption, and sieving the crushed brick slag particles with a 80-mesh square hole sieve to prepare the phase-change brick slag microcapsule serving as an internal energy storage unit of the solid waste base phase-change foam concrete. The brick slag microcapsules are macroscopically and uniformly distributed in the solid waste base phase-change foam concrete, and phase-change heat is stored at the critical temperature of 18 ℃ aiming at day-night temperature difference and heating fluctuation in winter heating period, so that when the indoor environment temperature is reduced, the phase-change energy is re-solidified and released, and the indoor thermal environment is maintained.
And selecting paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃, and carrying out single-sided adsorption on the solid waste base phase transition foam concrete by a vacuum dryer to form the phase transition energy storage layer. The control temperature cannot be too high, otherwise the composition and mechanical properties of the foam concrete matrix are affected. Under the vacuum heating condition, paraffin is melted into liquid phase at 28 ℃ and permeates into the surface layer and the internal pores of the foam concrete. In the high temperature period, 28 ℃ is used as the indoor comfort critical temperature, when the temperature of the wall body is increased to the critical temperature due to factors such as sunlight, the paraffin is subjected to phase change, heat is reserved, and the heat transfer efficiency from the external environment to the indoor is reduced. When the solid waste base phase change foam concrete is used in a building structure, the paraffin adsorption surface with the phase change temperature of 28 ℃ faces outdoors. When the ambient temperature is reduced at night, the phase change energy released by the resolidification of the paraffin is preferentially transmitted to the outside.
The pores in the foam concrete are mostly closed pores originally, and the technical purpose of selecting the super absorbent resin is to utilize the water storage expansion characteristic of the super absorbent resin, so that the super absorbent resin which absorbs water in advance and expands in volume is embedded in the pore wall in the curing and forming process of the solid waste base phase change foam concrete, and in the curing period of the foam concrete, the moisture in the super absorbent resin is released continuously, and the super absorbent resin is provided for cementing materials such as cement and the like to carry out hydration reaction continuously, so that the strength of the foam concrete is improved. Along with the increase of curing time, the super absorbent resin gradually and slowly loses water and contracts in volume, so that tiny cracks are generated on the pore walls, channels are formed among the pores which are originally mutually closed, and at the moment, the foam concrete has quite structural strength because hydration products are quite generated, so that the influence of the cracks generated by the water loss of the super absorbent resin on the structural strength is not remarkable. In the vacuum heating stage, the water loss rate of the super absorbent resin is accelerated, and the pore wall cracks are further expanded, so that the efficiency of the liquid paraffin in penetrating into the foam concrete under the vacuum condition is improved.
And (3) selecting gypsum slurry, and coating and sealing the paraffin adsorption surface with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃. The gypsum has high hardening speed, can improve the production efficiency, and has micro-volume expansion in the hardening process, so that the shrinkage cracking of the packaging layer can be prevented, and the packaging effect on paraffin is ensured. When the paraffin is heated and melted, the pores inside the foam concrete also provide migration space for the liquid paraffin, and no flow to the outside is generated.
The flue gas desulfurization gypsum is also an industrial solid waste material, and the main component of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is calcium sulfate dihydrate without gelling capability. It is heated and dehydrated to be transformed into dehydrated gypsum with beta-type hemihydrate gypsum as main component, and the cementing capability is restored. And the gypsum is used for coating the foam concrete surface layer, so that the difficulty and complexity of procedure connection construction of the foam concrete and external decoration and the like caused by surface porosity are obviously reduced.
One of the glyceryl monostearate and polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether is selected as a surfactant. On one hand, the hydrophobicity of the gypsum hardened body can be improved, and the durability of the gypsum hardened body under the condition of potential water erosion is ensured; on the other hand, the adhesive is used as an interfacial agent, so that the bonding effect of the gypsum slurry and the foam concrete is improved under the condition that the paraffin exists on the surface of the foam concrete.
The composite paraffin microemulsion prepared by the method S1 can effectively realize the miniaturization of paraffin liquid drops and improve the adsorption rate and uniformity of the paraffin liquid drops in micropores and mesopores.
The method is characterized in that a disc crusher or a hammer crusher is adopted for crushing, the heat energy converted from mechanical energy during crushing is utilized, and the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol is rapidly solidified at the outer end of a brick residue pore through the difference of diffusion rates of the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol solution and softened paraffin, so that the self-packaging of the paraffin in the brick residue is completed.
Example 1
The solid waste base phase change foam concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 37.0 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, 8.0 parts of slag powder, 9.976 parts of brick slag, 1.0 part of basalt fiber, 3.0 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃, 4.0 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 18 ℃, 0.02 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.004 part of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, 2.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.3 part of manganese dioxide, 25.0 parts of water, 8.0 parts of gypsum, 1.0 parts of super absorbent resin and 0.2 part of surfactant are selected.
The solid waste-based phase change foam concrete provided by the embodiment is prepared by the following method:
s1, mixing paraffin wax with the phase change temperature of 18 ℃, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and water according to the proportion of 74:0.4:0.1:25.5, heating to 90 ℃, stirring at a constant temperature of 3000rpm/min for 10 minutes, cooling to 50 ℃ by adopting an external cooling water bath mode, stirring at a constant temperature for 5 minutes, and continuously stirring until the temperature is cooled to 30 ℃ to obtain the composite paraffin wax microemulsion for later use;
s2, adding brick slag into the composite paraffin microemulsion, placing the composite paraffin microemulsion into a vacuum tank with vacuum degree of minus 0.1MPa for vacuum adsorption for 10min, taking out the composite paraffin microemulsion, crushing the composite paraffin microemulsion by using a disc crusher or a hammer crusher, rapidly solidifying the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol at the outer end of a brick slag hole by using the heat energy converted by mechanical energy during crushing and the difference of diffusion rates of the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol solution and softened paraffin, completing self-packaging of paraffin in the brick slag, and sieving the composite paraffin microemulsion by using a 80-mesh square hole sieve to prepare a phase-change brick slag microcapsule for later use;
s3, adding 3 parts of water into the super absorbent resin to prepare the pre-absorbent super absorbent resin for later use;
s4, uniformly mixing the phase-change brick residue microcapsules, the pre-water-absorption super absorbent resin, 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, slag powder, basalt fibers and manganese dioxide, and adding 12 parts of water to mix to prepare slurry for later use;
s5, adding hydrogen peroxide into the slurry, uniformly stirring, stirring at a rotating speed of 250rpm/min for 15 seconds until the mixture is uniform, pouring into a mould, standing for curing, and curing for 28 days in an environment with a relative humidity of more than 90% at 20+/-2 ℃ to prepare a foam concrete matrix I for later use;
s6, spreading paraffin with the phase change temperature of 28 ℃ on the bottom surface of a tray, placing one side of a foam concrete matrix I on the paraffin, placing the tray in a vacuum dryer, heating and vacuum-adsorbing for 25min under the conditions of 35+/-2 ℃ and the vacuum degree of minus 0.1MPa, transferring the paraffin into an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to prepare a foam concrete matrix II for later use.
S7, heating gypsum at 107 ℃ for 35min to obtain dehydrated gypsum with beta-type hemihydrate gypsum as a main component for later use;
s8, adding the rest parts of water and surfactant into the dehydrated gypsum to prepare gypsum slurry for later use;
and S9, coating the gypsum slurry on a paraffin adsorption surface of a foam concrete matrix II for encapsulation to prepare the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete with the compressive strength of 15-22 MPa.
Example 2
The solid waste base phase change foam concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30.0 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, 12.0 parts of slag powder, 13.0 parts of brick slag, 1.0 part of basalt fiber, 3.0 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃, 2.982 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 18 ℃, 0.015 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.003 part of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, 3.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.3 part of manganese dioxide, 25.0 parts of water, 8.0 parts of gypsum, 1.0 part of super absorbent resin and 0.2 part of surfactant are selected.
The preparation method of the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete provided by the embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that 13 parts of water is added in the step S4, the rotation speed in the step S5 is 280rpm/min, the stirring time is 12 seconds, the heating temperature of gypsum in the step S7 is 102 ℃, and the heating time is 33 minutes.
Example 3
The solid waste base phase change foam concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 34.0 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, 10.0 parts of slag powder, 11.0 parts of brick slag, 1.5 parts of basalt fiber, 2.0 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃, 2.9875 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 18 ℃, 0.01 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.0025 part of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, 2.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.4 part of manganese dioxide, 27.0 parts of water, 7.0 parts of gypsum, 1.5 parts of super absorbent resin and 0.1 part of surfactant are selected.
The preparation method of the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete provided by the embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that 14 parts of water is added in the step S4, the rotation speed in the step S5 is 300rpm/min, the stirring time is 10 seconds, the heating temperature of gypsum in the step S7 is 100 ℃, and the heating time is 35 minutes.
Example 4
The solid waste base phase change foam concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: the same as in example 1. The preparation method is different in that 4 parts of water is added in the step S3, and 11 parts of water is added in the step S4.
Example 5
The solid waste base phase change foam concrete provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: the same as in example 1. The preparation method is different in that 5 parts of water is added in the step S3, and 10 parts of water is added in the step S4.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete provided by the comparative example is the same as that of the example 1, except that the slag powder is replaced by the fly ash in the raw material components, the grade is II, and the raw material components and the weight of the raw material components are unchanged, wherein the raw material components are purchased from Shenyang palea flyash building materials limited company.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete provided by the comparative example is the same as that of example 1, except that the raw materials used in the concrete do not contain super absorbent resin, the water consumption is increased by 1 part, and the components and the weight of other raw materials are unchanged.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete provided by the comparative example is the same as that of the example 1, except that paraffin with the phase-change temperature of 18 ℃ is replaced by paraffin with the phase-change temperature of 28 ℃ by using the raw materials, and the components and the weight of other raw materials are unchanged.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete provided by the comparative example is the same as that of the example 1, except that paraffin with the phase-change temperature of 28 ℃ is replaced by paraffin with the phase-change temperature of 18 ℃ by using the raw materials, and the components and the weight of other raw materials are unchanged.
Application example
Evaluation of the properties of the solid waste-based phase-change foam concrete of the above examples and comparative examples:
the solid waste-based phase change foam concretes of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to dry density, heat conductivity, compressive strength, water absorption, heat transfer coefficient and freezing resistance tests:
1. the dry density, compressive strength and water absorption of the solid waste base phase change foam concrete are measured according to the requirements of JG/T266-2011 foam concrete;
2. testing the heat conductivity coefficient of the solid waste base phase change foam concrete, and measuring according to the requirements of a measuring protection hot plate method of the steady-state heat resistance and related characteristics of the GB/T10294-2008 heat insulation material;
3. testing the heat transfer coefficient of the solid waste base phase change foam concrete, and determining according to the determination calibration of the GB/T13475-2008 heat-insulating steady-state heat transfer property and the requirement of a protection hot box method;
4. the freezing resistance test of the solid waste base phase change foam concrete is measured according to the application unified technical specification requirement of GB 50574 wall materials;
the dry density, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, water absorption, heat transfer coefficient and freezing resistance test results are shown in the following table 1:
table 1 test results for each group
By combining the test results of the table, it can be seen from comparative examples 1 to 3 that the dry density, the heat conductivity, the compressive strength, the water absorption, the heat transfer coefficient and the freezing resistance of the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete are obviously affected when the amount of the 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, the slag powder and the brick slag is changed. It can be seen from comparative examples 1, 4 and 5 that changing the pre-water absorption amount of the super absorbent resin and the water addition amount of the slurry before foaming at the time of preparation affects the dry density, compressive strength, water absorption and heat transfer coefficient.
From comparative example 1, it can be confirmed that comparative examples 1 to 4, using fly ash instead of slag powder, have significant adverse effects on the compressive strength, heat transfer coefficient, and freezing resistance of solid waste-based phase change foam concrete. The solid waste base phase change foam concrete dry density, the heat conductivity coefficient, the compressive strength, the water absorption, the heat transfer coefficient and the freezing resistance can be obviously affected without using the super absorbent resin. Only one paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃ or 18 ℃ is adopted, so that the heat transfer coefficient of the solid waste base phase transition foam concrete can be improved.
This shows that slag powder, super absorbent resin and two kinds of paraffin sodium silicate with phase transition temperature of 28 ℃ and phase transition temperature of 18 ℃ are not replaced in the solid waste base phase change foam concrete raw material. The slag powder improves the early pore wall strength and the stability of the pore structure of the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete, thereby positively influencing the indexes such as compressive strength, heat transfer coefficient, freezing resistance and the like. The water absorption of the super absorbent resin can change the consistency of the slurry and adjust the foaming rate and volume. The foam concrete is embedded in the hole wall after the pre-water absorption volume is expanded, and in the foam concrete curing period, the water in the foam concrete is continuously released, and the foam concrete is provided for cement and other cementing materials to continuously carry out hydration reaction, so that the strength of the foam concrete is improved. Along with gradual slow water loss volume shrinkage of the super absorbent resin, micro cracks are generated on the pore walls, channels are formed among the pores which are originally mutually closed, the water loss rate is accelerated in the vacuum heating stage, the pore wall cracks are further expanded, the efficiency of the liquid paraffin in penetrating into the foam concrete under the vacuum condition is improved, and the performances of solid waste base phase change foam concrete such as dry density, compressive strength, water absorption rate, heat transfer coefficient and the like are improved.
In the examples and comparative examples, the raw material model and parameters used were:
42.5 grade Portland cement: 28d has a compressive strength of 44.1MPa and is purchased from Liaoning mountain-water cement Co., ltd;
brick slag: the building waste bricks generated by removing construction sites of old houses in the old urban areas of Shenyang province of Liaoning are crushed and screened out and purchased from mineral resource development group company in Shenyang middle city;
basalt fiber: the length is 6-9mm, purchased from the Haining Anjie composite material limited company;
slag powder: s95, purchasing Shenyang Jinshidun slag powder Limited company;
paraffin wax: the phase transition temperature is 18 ℃ and 28 ℃, and the phase transition temperature is purchased from Ton high polymer material limited company;
fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether: chemical reagents, analytically pure, purchased from a shenyang gold plating laboratory equipment business;
water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol: purchasing sheath from Shanghai;
hydrogen peroxide: 30% of mass concentration, purchased from Shenyang gold plating laboratory equipment business;
manganese dioxide: chemical reagents, analytically pure, purchased from a shenyang gold plating laboratory equipment business;
gypsum: secondary flue gas desulfurization gypsum, purchased from Shenyang run Feng desulfurization gypsum comprehensive utilization limited company;
high water absorption resin: the content is more than or equal to 99 percent, and the materials are purchased from Shanghai limited company;
and (2) a surfactant: the stearic acid monoglyceride, chemical reagent, analytical grade, is selected and purchased from Shenyang gold plating laboratory equipment business.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention, and in particular, the technical features set forth in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner so long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
In the description of the present invention, terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, which indicate a direction or a positional relationship, are based on the direction or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus/means that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus/means.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solid waste base phase change foam concrete is characterized in that: the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-37 parts of 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, 8-12 parts of slag powder, 8-13 parts of brick slag, 1.0-1.5 parts of basalt fiber, 2-3 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 28 ℃, 2-4 parts of paraffin with the phase transition temperature of 18 ℃, 0.01-0.02 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.0025-0.005 part of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, 2.5-3.5 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.3-0.5 part of manganese dioxide, 20-27 parts of water, 5-8 parts of gypsum, 1.0-1.5 parts of super absorbent resin and 0.1-0.3 part of surfactant.
2. The solid waste-based phase change foam concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the quality grade of the slag powder is S95 grade, the brick slag is MU5-MU15 grade red brick slag, and the grain size range is 3-5mm.
3. The solid waste-based phase change foam concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the basalt fiber ranges from 6 mm to 9mm.
4. The solid waste-based phase change foam concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the gypsum is secondary and above flue gas desulfurization gypsum specified in flue gas desulfurization gypsum GB/T37785-2019.
5. The solid waste-based phase change foam concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the surfactant is one of glyceryl monostearate or polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether.
6. A solid waste-based phase change foam concrete and a preparation method thereof according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing paraffin wax with the phase change temperature of 18 ℃, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and water according to the proportion of 74:0.4:0.1:25.5, heating to 90 ℃, stirring at a constant temperature of 3000rpm/min for 10 minutes, cooling to 50 ℃ by adopting an external cooling water bath mode, stirring at a constant temperature for 5 minutes, and continuously stirring until the temperature is cooled to 30 ℃ to obtain the composite paraffin wax microemulsion for later use;
s2, adding brick residues into the composite paraffin microemulsion, placing the composite paraffin microemulsion into a vacuum tank with the vacuum degree of minus 0.1MPa for vacuum adsorption for 10min, taking out the composite paraffin microemulsion, crushing the composite paraffin microemulsion by using a disc crusher or a hammer crusher, and sieving the composite paraffin microemulsion by using a 80-mesh square hole sieve to prepare the phase-change brick residue microcapsule for later use;
s3, adding 3-5 parts of water into the super absorbent resin to prepare the pre-absorbent super absorbent resin for later use;
s4, uniformly mixing the phase-change brick residue microcapsules, the pre-water-absorption super absorbent resin, 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement, slag powder, basalt fiber and manganese dioxide, and adding 10-14 parts of water to mix to prepare slurry for later use;
s5, adding hydrogen peroxide into the slurry, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mold, standing for curing, and curing for 28d to obtain a foam concrete matrix I for later use;
s6, spreading paraffin with the phase change temperature of 28 ℃ on the bottom surface of a tray, placing one side of the foam concrete matrix I on the bottom surface of the tray, placing the tray into a vacuum dryer for heating and vacuum adsorption for 25min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a foam concrete matrix II for later use;
s7, heating and dehydrating gypsum to obtain dehydrated gypsum with beta-type hemihydrate gypsum as a main component for later use;
s8, adding the rest parts of water and surfactant into the dehydrated gypsum to prepare gypsum slurry for later use;
s9, coating the gypsum slurry on the paraffin adsorption surface of the foam concrete matrix II for encapsulation, and obtaining the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete with the compressive strength in the range of 15-22 MPa.
7. The solid waste-based phase change foam concrete and the preparation method thereof according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete is characterized in that: in the step S5, the stirring speed is 250-300rpm/min, the stirring time is 10-15 seconds, the curing temperature is 20+/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than 90%.
8. The solid waste-based phase change foam concrete and the preparation method thereof according to claim 7, wherein the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete is characterized in that: in the step S6, the temperature range in the vacuum dryer is 35+/-2 ℃, the vacuum degree is minus 0.1MPa, and the vacuum dryer is naturally cooled to room temperature or below 20 ℃.
9. The solid waste-based phase change foam concrete and the preparation method thereof according to claim 8, wherein the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete is characterized in that: in the step S7, the heating temperature of the gypsum is 100-107 ℃ and the heating time is 25-35min.
10. Use of the solid waste based phase change foam concrete according to claim 9, characterized in that: the application range of the solid waste-based phase change foam concrete includes, but is not limited to, building blocks, building partition boards, wall brick preparation and wall materials.
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