CN117564116A - High-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line and production process thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117564116A CN117564116A CN202311617050.XA CN202311617050A CN117564116A CN 117564116 A CN117564116 A CN 117564116A CN 202311617050 A CN202311617050 A CN 202311617050A CN 117564116 A CN117564116 A CN 117564116A
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- toughness
- annealing
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line and a production process thereof, comprising the following steps: s1: selecting a stainless steel wire rod; s2: the surface treatment process comprises the following steps: immersing the stainless steel wire rod into a coating pool for soaking, and then drying; s3: and (3) a multi-pass drawing process: carrying out multi-pass continuous drawing treatment on the stainless steel wire rod subjected to surface treatment to obtain an intermediate wire; s4: and (3) annealing: annealing the intermediate wire through a tubular annealing furnace by a paying-off device, discharging, and then passing through a cooling furnace tube filled with argon to obtain an annealing flexible wire, wherein the outside of the cooling furnace tube is wrapped with asbestos cloth to reduce the cooling speed; s5: single-pass drawing process: drawing the annealed flexible wire through a paying-off device; s6: and (5) coiling and packaging. According to the production process, the strength is improved by adjusting the heat treatment cooling mode and assisting in single-pass drawing, so that the produced finished wire rod has higher cold heading forming performance while ensuring certain strength, the risk of cold heading cracking is reduced, and the customer requirement is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal products, and particularly relates to a high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line and a production process thereof.
Background
The stainless steel cold heading wire is mainly applied to fastener production, wherein Cr martensitic stainless steel has higher strength and certain corrosion resistance, and the nickel-free stainless steel has lower cost compared with austenitic stainless steel, higher material cost performance and greatly increased use amount in the new energy automobile industry in recent years.
However, martensitic stainless steel has higher intrinsic strength, and downstream clients easily have cold heading cracking tendency in the use process, so that the improvement of cold heading forming performances such as elongation, reduction of area and the like is key to the material while ensuring certain strength. The heat treatment in the production process of the 410 stainless steel wire rod mostly needs slow cooling treatment, which has higher control requirement on the cooling rate, otherwise, the strength of the wire rod is higher, and the risk of cold heading cracking is increased; in the existing 410 stainless steel wire production process, DV value is generally adopted to control the cooling speed, so that the conditions of higher strength and lower plasticity are often caused.
Therefore, a process for producing a high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line is needed, and a high-strength and high-toughness finished wire rod can be obtained by adopting the process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production process of a high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line, and the produced finished wire rod still has higher cold heading forming performance while ensuring certain strength, reduces the risk of cold heading cracking and meets the requirements of clients.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: a production process of a high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a stainless steel wire rod: the chemical composition comprises the following components: 0.08 to 0.15 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 11.50 to 13.50 percent of Cr and less than or equal to 0.60 percent of Ni;
s2: the surface treatment process comprises the following steps: immersing the stainless steel wire rod in a coating pool, and drying the immersed stainless steel wire rod to obtain a surface-treated stainless steel wire rod;
s3: and (3) a multi-pass drawing process: carrying out multi-pass continuous drawing treatment on the stainless steel wire rod subjected to surface treatment at the speed of 200-250 m/min through a gantry pay-off rack, wherein the total surface reduction rate of drawing is not more than 80%, and obtaining a corresponding intermediate wire;
s4: and (3) annealing: the intermediate wire is subjected to intermediate annealing treatment through a tubular annealing furnace through a paying-off device, and is discharged from the furnace and then passes through a cooling furnace tube filled with argon gas to obtain an annealing flexible wire, wherein the outside of the cooling furnace tube is wrapped with asbestos cloth to reduce the cooling speed;
s5: single-pass drawing process: drawing the annealed flexible wire at a speed of 20-40 m/min by a paying-off device, and controlling the surface reduction rate to be 3-8%;
s6: and (5) winding and packaging, namely winding the finished wire rod through an spool winding machine, and then packaging.
Preferably, the soaking time in the step S2 is 20-40 min, and the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃; and the drying time is 20-40 min, and the drying temperature is 150-250 ℃.
Preferably, the coating in the coating pool in step S2 comprises phosphate.
Preferably, the surface treatment process in the step S2 can also select online surface treatment during multi-pass drawing.
Preferably, the temperature of the circulating cooling water of the wire drawing die box used in the drawing treatment in the step S3 is 30 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S3, the whole drawing process is the drawing of lubricating powder in the multi-pass drawing process, wherein the drawing powder is calcium powder, and the drawing die is a tungsten steel die.
Preferably, the protective atmosphere in the annealing treatment in the step S4 is argon or NH 3 Decomposition ofH of (2) 2 N 2 The temperature of the tubular annealing furnace is 780 ℃, the total length of the furnace tube of the tubular annealing furnace is 10 meters, and the temperature of the preheating furnace is 400 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S4, the outlet temperature of the annealing flexible wire from the cooling furnace tube is controlled to be 80-150 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S5, the single-pass drawing is a lubricant drawing, and the lubricant used is a drawing lubricant special for the stainless steel wire rod.
The invention further aims to provide the high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading wire, which is prepared by adopting the production process of the high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading wire.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the 410 stainless steel cold heading line production process, the strength is improved by adjusting the heat treatment cooling mode and assisting in single-pass drawing, so that the produced finished wire rod has high cold heading forming performance while ensuring certain strength, the risk of cold heading cracking is reduced, and the customer requirement is met. The cooling furnace tube is filled with argon and wrapped by asbestos cloth during heat treatment, the cooling rate of the stainless steel wire during heat treatment can be controlled, the wire is cooled to room temperature in a relatively slow cooling state, the martensitic stainless steel heat treatment standard is met, the strength of the annealed wire is reduced to a lower level, the elongation and the reduction of area reach higher levels, good cold heading forming performance is ensured, the strength is improved after single-pass drawing, a higher plasticity index is still maintained, the finished wire achieves optimal toughening matching, the production requirement of downstream customer fasteners is met, and the method is suitable for further cold working of C1-50 and above standard fasteners.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
S1: selecting a raw material stainless steel wire rod: chemical components of C0.118%, si 0.175%, mn 0.543%, P0.025%, S0.002%, cr 11.6%, ni 0.185%, and the balance of Fe; the stainless steel wire rod diameter was 5.5mm.
S2: the surface treatment process comprises the following steps: and (2) immersing the 410 stainless steel wire rod raw material in the S1 into a coating pool for 30 minutes, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, wherein the coating is a phosphate coating (the phosphate coating adopts 0445 of Tamaking chemical industry), and drying the raw material subjected to surface treatment in a drying oven to obtain the 410 stainless steel wire rod subjected to surface treatment, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 200 ℃, and the drying time is 30 minutes.
S3: and (3) a multi-pass drawing process: carrying out three continuous drawing treatments on a 410 stainless steel wire rod with the diameter of 5.5mm after surface treatment at the speed of 200 m/min through a gantry pay-off rack, wherein a drawn reducing die chain is 5.5-4.6-3.9-3.53, the total reducing rate of drawing is 58.8%, a middle wire with the diameter of 3.53mm is obtained, and the water temperature of circulating cooling water of a drawing die box is 30 ℃; and (3) drawing the lubricating powder in the drawing process in the multi-pass drawing in the step S3, wherein the lubricating powder is calcium powder (Kang Date NL 305), and the drawing die is a tungsten steel die.
S4: and (3) annealing: intermediate wires with the diameter of 3.53mm are subjected to intermediate annealing treatment through a tubular annealing furnace by a paying-off device, and the heat treatment protective atmosphere is NH 3 Decomposed H 2 N 2 The furnace temperature is controlled at 780 ℃, the total length of the furnace tube is 10 meters, and the preheating furnace temperature is 400 ℃; and discharging the intermediate wire after heat treatment, and obtaining an annealing flexible wire in a cooling furnace tube filled with argon, wherein the outside of the furnace tube is wrapped with asbestos cloth to reduce the cooling speed, and the wire outlet temperature of the cooling furnace tube is measured to be 120 ℃, so that the annealing linear speed is selected to be 3.5 m/min.
S5: single-pass drawing process: an annealed cord having a diameter of 3.53mm was drawn at a speed of 30 m/min by a pay-off device to give a finished cord having a diameter of 3.45mm with a reduction of 4.48%, and the lubricant was drawing lubricant (Kang Date VICAFIL TFH 4036) for stainless steel wire rods.
S6: and (5) winding and packaging, namely winding the finished wire rod through an spool winding machine, and then packaging.
The light-tension finished wire A with the diameter of 3.45mm is obtained through the process.
Example 2
S1: selecting a raw material stainless steel wire rod: chemical components of C0.118%, si 0.175%, mn 0.543%, P0.025%, S0.002%, cr 11.6%, ni 0.185%, and the balance of Fe; the stainless steel wire rod diameter was 5.5mm.
S2: the surface treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) directly connecting the 410 stainless steel wire rod raw material to a coating groove in front of a multi-pass wire drawing machine for online coating treatment, wherein the control temperature is 90 ℃, the coating is a phosphate coating (the phosphate coating adopts 0445 of Tafilm chemical industry), the raw material subjected to the coating treatment is dried online to obtain the 410 stainless steel wire rod subjected to the surface treatment, and the drying temperature is controlled to be 300 ℃.
S3: and (3) a multi-pass drawing process: carrying out three continuous drawing treatments on a 410 stainless steel wire rod with the diameter of 5.5mm after online surface treatment at the speed of 200 m/min, wherein a drawn reducing die chain is 5.5-4.7-3.95-3.55, the total reducing rate of drawing is 58.8%, an intermediate wire with the diameter of 3.55mm is obtained, and the water temperature of circulating cooling water of a drawing die box is 30 ℃; and (3) drawing the lubricating powder in the drawing process in the multi-pass drawing in the step S3, wherein the lubricating powder is calcium powder (Kang Date NL 305), and the drawing die is a tungsten steel die.
S4: and (3) annealing: intermediate wires with the diameter of 3.55mm are subjected to intermediate annealing treatment through a tubular annealing furnace by a paying-off device, the heat treatment is conducted under the protection of argon, the furnace temperature is controlled to 780 ℃, the total length of the furnace tube is 10 meters, and the temperature of a preheating furnace is 400 ℃; after the furnace is discharged, the cooling furnace tube filled with argon is wrapped with asbestos cloth outside the furnace tube to reduce the cooling speed; the annealing line speed was selected to be 3 m/min by measuring the cooling furnace tube outlet temperature at 100 ℃.
S5: single-pass drawing process: an annealed cord having a diameter of 3.55mm was drawn at a speed of 30 m/min by a pay-off device to give a finished cord having a diameter of 3.45mm with a reduction of 5.55%, and the lubricant was drawing lubricant (Kang Date VICAFIL TFH 4036) for stainless steel wire rods.
S6: and (5) winding and packaging, namely winding the finished wire rod through an spool winding machine, and then packaging.
The light-pulled finished wire rod B with the diameter of 3.45mm is obtained through the process.
Comparative example 1
The remaining steps are the same as in example 1, except that: and (3) an annealing process, wherein argon is not introduced into the cooling furnace tube after discharging, asbestos cloth is not wrapped outside the furnace tube, and the annealing linear speed is selected to be 3.5 m/min.
The light-tension finished wire C with the diameter of 3.45mm is obtained through the process.
Comparative example 2
The remaining steps are the same as in example 1, except that: the reducing die chain of the multi-pass drawing is 5.5-4.6-3.9-3.45, the total reducing rate of drawing is 60.7%, the intermediate wire with the diameter of 3.45mm is obtained, the finished wire with the diameter of 3.45mm is directly obtained after the annealing process, and single-pass drawing is not carried out.
The soft finished wire D with the diameter of 3.45mm is obtained through the process.
The mechanical properties of the 3.45mm finished wire produced in examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-2 were compared with that of GB/T228.1-2021, and the results are shown in the following table:
by comparison, it can be seen that: compared with the conventional production process, the 3.45mm finished cold heading wire rod produced by the invention has certain strength while ensuring higher elongation and area shrinkage, and is suitable for subsequent cold heading molding due to toughening matching. The cooling furnace tube is filled with argon and asbestos cloth for wrapping during heat treatment, so that the cooling rate of the stainless steel wire during heat treatment is controlled, the wire is cooled to room temperature in a relatively slow cooling state, the strength of the annealed wire is reduced to a lower level, the elongation and the reduction of area reach a higher level, good cold heading forming performance is ensured, the strength is improved after single-pass drawing, and a higher plasticity index is still maintained. The high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line prepared by the invention meets the production requirement of downstream customer fasteners, and is suitable for further cold working of fasteners with the standards of C1-50 and above.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and all technical solutions that are formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A production process of a high-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a stainless steel wire rod: the chemical composition comprises the following components: 0.08 to 0.15 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 11.50 to 13.50 percent of Cr and less than or equal to 0.60 percent of Ni;
s2: the surface treatment process comprises the following steps: immersing the stainless steel wire rod in a coating pool, and drying the immersed stainless steel wire rod to obtain a surface-treated stainless steel wire rod;
s3: and (3) a multi-pass drawing process: carrying out multi-pass continuous drawing treatment on the stainless steel wire rod subjected to surface treatment at the speed of 200-250 m/min through a gantry pay-off rack, wherein the total surface reduction rate of drawing is not more than 80%, and obtaining a corresponding intermediate wire;
s4: and (3) annealing: the intermediate wire is subjected to intermediate annealing treatment through a tubular annealing furnace through a paying-off device, and is discharged from the furnace and then passes through a cooling furnace tube filled with argon gas to obtain an annealing flexible wire, wherein the outside of the cooling furnace tube is wrapped with asbestos cloth to reduce the cooling speed;
s5: single-pass drawing process: drawing the annealed flexible wire at a speed of 20-40 m/min by a paying-off device, and controlling the surface reduction rate to be 3-8%;
s6: and (5) winding and packaging, namely winding the finished wire rod through an spool winding machine, and then packaging.
2. The high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line production process according to claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps of: the soaking time in the step S2 is 20-40 min, and the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃; and the drying time is 20-40 min, and the drying temperature is 150-250 ℃.
3. The high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line production process according to claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps of: the coating in the coating pool in the step S2 comprises phosphate.
4. The high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line production process according to claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps of: and S3, the temperature of circulating cooling water of the wire drawing die box used in the drawing treatment in the step of 30 ℃.
5. The high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line production process according to claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps of: and S3, drawing by using all lubricating powder in the drawing process in multiple passes, wherein the lubricating powder is calcium powder, and the drawing die is a tungsten steel die.
6. The high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line production process according to claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps of: the protective atmosphere in the annealing treatment in the step S4 is argon or NH 3 Decomposed H 2 N 2 The temperature of the tubular annealing furnace is 780 ℃, and the total length of the furnace tube of the tubular annealing furnace is 10 meters.
7. The high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line production process according to claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps of: and S4, controlling the outlet temperature of the annealing flexible wire from the cooling furnace tube to be 80-150 ℃.
8. The high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line production process according to claim 1, wherein the production process comprises the following steps of: and S5, the single-pass drawing in the step is lubricant drawing.
9. A high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line is characterized in that: the high strength and toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line is prepared by adopting the production process of any one of claims 1-8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311617050.XA CN117564116A (en) | 2023-11-30 | 2023-11-30 | High-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line and production process thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311617050.XA CN117564116A (en) | 2023-11-30 | 2023-11-30 | High-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line and production process thereof |
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| CN202311617050.XA Pending CN117564116A (en) | 2023-11-30 | 2023-11-30 | High-strength and high-toughness 410 stainless steel cold heading line and production process thereof |
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