CN117563619A - Preparation method of low-temperature denitration and co-toluene removal iron-based catalyst - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-temperature denitration and co-toluene removal iron-based catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN117563619A CN117563619A CN202311505604.7A CN202311505604A CN117563619A CN 117563619 A CN117563619 A CN 117563619A CN 202311505604 A CN202311505604 A CN 202311505604A CN 117563619 A CN117563619 A CN 117563619A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Substances CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- WKXHZKXPFJNBIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten vanadium Chemical compound [Ti][W][V] WKXHZKXPFJNBIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.OC(=O)C(O)=O GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical group CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-4-heptanone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)CC(C)C PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 small molecule saturated alcohol Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010757 Reduction Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/888—Tungsten
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an iron-based catalyst with low-temperature denitration and co-toluene removal, and belongs to the field of air pollution control. According to the invention, organic titanium and/or inorganic titanium salt is used as a titanium source, an organic solvent is used as a solvent, micromolecular alcohols are used as a structure guiding agent, nano titanium dioxide microspheres with ultra-high specific surface area are prepared by a simple solvothermal method, titanium dioxide is used as a carrier, a vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst is prepared by an impregnation method, and finally, the novel iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst is obtained by doping iron and modifying. The novel iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst prepared by the invention has the denitration efficiency reaching 72% at the low temperature of 150 ℃, and the whole temperature reaction window is 100-300 ℃, thereby being more beneficial to denitration in different furnaces and different stages. Meanwhile, the iron-based catalyst prepared by the method has the capability of synergetic VOC removal, the 150-degree denitration rate is 67%, and the toluene removal rate is 23%; after 250 °, the denitration rate was 79%, and the toluene removal rate was 100%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of air pollution control and relates to a preparation method of an iron-based catalyst with low-temperature denitration and detolution functions.
Background
Analysis of a heavy pollution weather fine particulate matter PM2.5 sample shows that the main components of the heavy pollution weather fine particulate matter PM2.5 sample are nitrate and organic carbon, namely evolution products of NOx and VOCs, and the emission reduction of the nitrate and the organic carbon is of self-evident importance for improving the quality of the atmospheric environment. Although the treatment of the atmospheric pollution in China is actively progressed, the generation of a large amount of novel composite pollutants provides new challenges for the severe treatment situation at present, the formation path of complex secondary pollutants such as PM2.5 is cut off from the source, and the synergistic promotion of VOCs and NOx emission reduction is an important measure for winning blue sky guard war.
Therefore, the development of a novel vanadium-based catalyst which is cheaper, stable and has low temperature and high activity is a common requirement for medium-low temperature SCR technology and VOCs catalytic oxidation technology, and is also the leading edge and hot spot of the current research and development field of novel non-noble metal catalysts. Aiming at the performance requirements of two types of catalysts, namely medium-low temperature SCR and VOCs catalytic oxidation, the integrated design of the SCR denitration and VOCs oxidation double-function catalyst is carried out by finely regulating the oxidation-reduction property and the surface acidity of the catalyst, so that the multi-pollutant control is realized on the same equipment and the same catalyst, the problems commonly faced by the current academic and industrial circles are solved, and the method has important scientific significance and application value.
Numerous documents report on the research on single SCR denitration and single chlorobenzene oxidation based on vanadium-based catalysts (V-W-Ti and V-Mo-Ti), which are the most widely accepted commercial SCR denitration catalysts for practical application, but the research on the cooperative control of NOx and VOCs multi-pollutants by using the vanadium-based catalysts is rarely reported.
Disclosure of Invention
For V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 The commercial SCR catalyst has a narrow active temperature window, is only suitable for medium-temperature flue gas, has poor denitration performance at low temperature, and simultaneously uses a vanadium-based catalyst for carrying out cooperative control on multiple pollutants of NOx and VOCs.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-temperature denitration synergistic VOC (volatile organic compound) removal iron-based catalyst, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing nano titanium dioxide microspheres with high specific surface:
a) Weighing a certain amount of titanium source, dissolving in an organic solvent, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain a titanium-containing mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the titanium source to the organic solvent is 1:1-100; b) Adding a certain amount of small molecular saturated alcohols into the obtained titanium-containing mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of a titanium source to the small molecular saturated alcohols is 10:1-100; stirring uniformly, transferring into a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, and placing into a temperature of 30-220 ℃ for thermal reaction for 0.5-36 h to obtain a thermal reaction product; c) The thermal reaction product is washed and treated for 6 to 12 hours at the temperature of 50 to 100 ℃ to obtain the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with high specific surface.
(2) Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount of oxalic acid dihydrate, dissolving in deionized water, and completely dissolving by water bath ultrasonic stirring; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the high specific surface prepared in the step (1), and stirring the mixture by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into an oven for drying, then placing the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a muffle furnace for roasting, taking out the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst, naturally cooling the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to room temperature, grinding and screening the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to below 20 meshes for standby.
The vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 85-95%, V 2 O 5 1 to 5 percent of WO 3 1 to 12 percent.
(3) Preparing an iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst:
ready to weigh a quantity of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is dissolved in deionized water, and after magnetic stirring for 10min, the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst prepared in the step (2) is added, and the solution is magnetically stirred until the solution is sticky; transferring the catalyst into an oven for drying, then placing the oven into a muffle furnace for roasting, taking out the catalyst, naturally cooling the catalyst to room temperature, grinding and screening the catalyst to 20-40 meshes, and obtaining the iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst.
The catalyst comprises the following components: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.03-0.5:1.
Further, in the step (1): the volume ratio of the titanium source to the organic solvent is 1:50, and the volume ratio of the titanium source to the small molecular saturated alcohols is 1:5; in the step (2): the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 93%, V 2 O 5 5%, WO 3 2%; in the step (3): the catalysis is thatThe preparation comprises the following steps: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.3:1.
Further, in step (1): the titanium source is isopropyl titanate or titanium chloride; the organic solvent is any one of diisobutyl ketone, butanone and acetone; the small molecule saturated alcohol is any one of glycol, butanol and propanol.
Further, in step (1): the titanium source is isopropyl titanate; the organic solvent is diisobutyl ketone; the small molecule saturated alcohol is ethylene glycol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention uses organic titanium and/or inorganic titanium salt as a titanium source, an organic solvent as a solvent and micromolecular alcohols as a structure guiding agent, and prepares the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with ultrahigh specific surface area by a simple solvothermal method, wherein the specific surface area, pore volume, pore diameter and particle size are adjustable. All raw materials are wide in source, low in cost, simple in process, short in period and high in yield, anatase titanium dioxide can be obtained without calcination, and the method is suitable for large-scale production and application. The specific surface area of the nano titanium dioxide microsphere can reach 768.5m 2 And/g, the denitration reaction mainly means that a plurality of catalytic reactions are carried out on the surface of the catalyst, the specific surface area has important influence on the use of the catalyst and the denitration reaction, and the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the ultrahigh specific surface area is used as a carrier to prepare the denitration catalyst, so that the denitration performance is greatly improved.
2. The traditional catalyst of the invention is doped with iron and generates Fe after high-temperature roasting 2 O 3 . Due to Fe 2 O 3 Promote the oxidation of NO to NO 2 At the same time Fe 2 O 3 The modified catalyst contains highly dispersed active species, a large number of acidic sites, oxygen adsorption species and the like, so that the oxidation performance of the catalyst after iron doping is enhanced, and the VOC removal performance of the traditional vanadium-based catalyst can be improved.
3. The iron-based catalyst prepared by the method has the denitration efficiency reaching 72% at the low temperature of 150 ℃, and the low-temperature denitration effect is obvious. In addition, the whole temperature reaction window is 100-300 degrees, which is more beneficial to denitration in different furnaces and different stages.
4. The iron-based catalyst prepared by the invention also has the capability of synergetic VOC removal. When the denitration rate is 150 ℃, the denitration rate can reach 67 percent, and the synergistic toluene removal rate can reach 23 percent; after 250 degrees, the denitration rate can reach 79 percent, and the synergistic toluene removal rate can reach 100 percent. Therefore, compared with the traditional catalyst, the novel iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst has stronger applicability and wider application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1: the self-made high specific surface nano titanium dioxide microsphere scanning electron microscope image is prepared;
the graph shows that the particle size distribution of the prepared nano titanium dioxide microsphere particles is uniform.
Fig. 2: the XRD pattern of the self-made nano titanium dioxide microsphere with high specific surface area is shown in the invention;
the graph shows that the prepared nano titanium dioxide has good crystallinity and is in a pure anatase crystal form.
Fig. 3: vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst and iron-doped series catalyst H of the invention 2 -a TPR profile;
as can be seen from the figure, fe 2 O 3 (0.1)-V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 The reduction peak of the catalyst obviously moves to a low-temperature section, which indicates that the low-temperature reduction activity is strongest.
Fig. 4: a graph comparing the single denitration performance of the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst and the iron-doped series catalyst of the invention;
as can be seen from the figure, fe 2 O 3 (0.1)-V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 The catalyst has optimal low-temperature denitration performance, and the denitration efficiency reaches 72 percent at 150 ℃ low temperature.
Fig. 5: a graph for comparing the performance of the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst and the denitration synergistic toluene removal performance of the iron-doped series catalyst;
as can be seen from the figure, fe 2 O 3 (0.3)-V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 The catalyst has optimal comprehensive performance of denitration and co-toluene removal, and the denitration rate can reach 67% and the co-toluene removal rate can reach 23% at 150 ℃; after 250 degrees, the denitration rate can reach 79 percent, and the synergistic toluene removal rate can reach 100 percent。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Preparing nano titanium dioxide microspheres with ultra-high specific surface:
1 part of isopropyl titanate is weighed according to the volume ratio of 1:20 and dissolved in 50 parts of diisobutyl ketone, and the mixture is stirred uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a titanium-containing mixed solution; and adding 5 parts of propanol into the titanium-containing mixed solution, uniformly stirring, transferring to a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, placing at 40 ℃ for 12h of thermal reaction, naturally cooling, filtering the product by ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the ultrahigh specific surface.
The specific surface area of the nano titanium dioxide microsphere is 768.5m 2 Per g, average pore diameter of 1.5nm and pore volume of 0.18cm 3 And/g, particle size of about 300nm.
(2) Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount of oxalic acid dihydrate, dissolving in deionized water, and completely dissolving by water bath ultrasonic stirring; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the ultrahigh specific surface prepared in the step (1), and stirring the solution by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a baking oven for baking, then placing the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a muffle furnace for baking, taking out the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst, naturally cooling the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to room temperature, grinding and screening the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to below 20 meshes for standby;
the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 93%, V 2 O 5 5%, WO 3 2%.
(3) Preparing an iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst:
ready to weigh a quantity of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is dissolved in deionized water, and after magnetic stirring for 10min, the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst prepared in the step (2) is added, and the solution is magnetically stirred until the solution is sticky; transferring to a baking oven for baking, then placing in a muffle furnace for baking, taking out, naturally cooling to room temperature, grinding and sievingTo 20-40 meshes to obtain the iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst (marked as Fe) 2 O 3 (0.1)-V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 )。
The catalyst comprises the following components: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.1:1.
Example 2
(1) Preparing nano titanium dioxide microspheres with high specific surface:
1 part of isopropyl titanate is weighed according to the volume ratio of 1:20 and is dissolved in 20 parts of butanone, and the mixture is stirred uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a titanium-containing mixed solution; and adding 1 part of ethylene glycol into the titanium-containing mixed solution, uniformly stirring, transferring into a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, placing at 150 ℃ for 6h of thermal reaction, naturally cooling, filtering the product by ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the ultrahigh specific surface. The specific surface area of the nano titanium dioxide microsphere is 481.32m 2 Per g, average pore diameter of 4.5nm and pore volume of 0.33cm 3 And/g, particle size of about 600nm.
(2) Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount of oxalic acid dihydrate, dissolving in deionized water, and completely dissolving by water bath ultrasonic stirring; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the high specific surface prepared in the step (1), and stirring the mixture by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a baking oven for baking, then placing the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a muffle furnace for baking, taking out the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst, naturally cooling the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to room temperature, grinding and screening the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to below 20 meshes for standby;
the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 85%, V 2 O 5 5%, WO 3 10%.
(3) Preparing an iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst:
ready to weigh a quantity of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is dissolved in deionized water, and after magnetic stirring for 10min, the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst prepared in the step (2) is added, and the solution is magnetically stirred until the solution is sticky; transferring to oven for drying, then placing in muffle furnace for roasting, taking out, naturally cooling to roomGrinding and sieving to 20-40 mesh to obtain Fe-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst (Fe 2 O 3 (0.03)-V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 )。
The catalyst comprises the following components: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.03:1.
Example 3
(1) Preparing nano titanium dioxide microspheres with high specific surface:
1 part of isopropyl titanate is weighed according to the volume ratio of 1:50 and dissolved in 20 parts of acetone, and the mixture is stirred uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a titanium-containing mixed solution; and adding 5 parts of ethylene glycol into the titanium-containing mixed solution, uniformly stirring, transferring into a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, placing at 120 ℃ for 12h of thermal reaction, naturally cooling, filtering the product by ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the ultrahigh specific surface. The specific surface area of the nano titanium dioxide microsphere is 388.5m 2 Per g, average pore diameter of 5.7nm and pore volume of 0.28cm 3 And/g, particle size of about 1. Mu.m.
(2) Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount of oxalic acid dihydrate, dissolving in deionized water, and completely dissolving by water bath ultrasonic stirring; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the high specific surface prepared in the step (1), and stirring the mixture by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a baking oven for baking, then placing the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a muffle furnace for baking, taking out the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst, naturally cooling the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to room temperature, grinding and screening the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to below 20 meshes for standby;
the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 88%, V 2 O 5 Is 3%, WO 3 9%.
(3) Preparing an iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst:
ready to weigh a quantity of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is dissolved in deionized water, and after magnetic stirring for 10min, the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst prepared in the step (2) is added, and the solution is magnetically stirred until the solution is sticky; transferring to an oven for drying, then placing in a muffle furnace for roasting, taking outNaturally cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving to 20-40 meshes to obtain the iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst (marked as Fe) 2 O 3 (0.5)-V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 )。
The catalyst comprises the following components: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.5:1.
Example 4
(1) Preparing nano titanium dioxide microspheres with high specific surface:
1 part of titanium chloride is weighed and dissolved in 50 parts of acetone according to the volume ratio of 1:50, and the mixture is stirred uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a titanium-containing mixed solution; and adding 5 parts of butanol into the titanium-containing mixed solution, uniformly stirring, transferring into a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, placing at 100 ℃ for 12h of thermal reaction, naturally cooling, filtering the product by ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the ultrahigh specific surface. The specific surface area of the nano titanium dioxide microsphere is 370.2m 2 Per g, average pore diameter of 5.1nm and pore volume of 0.31cm 3 And/g, particle size of about 0.9 μm.
(2) Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount of oxalic acid dihydrate, dissolving in deionized water, and completely dissolving by water bath ultrasonic stirring; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the high specific surface prepared in the step (1), and stirring the mixture by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a baking oven for baking, then placing the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a muffle furnace for baking, taking out the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst, naturally cooling the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to room temperature, grinding and screening the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to below 20 meshes for standby;
the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 95%, V 2 O 5 4%, WO 3 1%.
(3) Preparing an iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst:
ready to weigh a quantity of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is dissolved in deionized water, and after magnetic stirring for 10min, the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst prepared in the step (2) is added, and the solution is magnetically stirred until the solution is sticky; transferring the mixture into a baking oven for baking, then placing the baking oven into a muffle furnace for baking,taking out, naturally cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving to 20-40 meshes to obtain the iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst (marked as Fe) 2 O 3 (0.06)-V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 )。
The catalyst comprises the following components: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.06:1.
Example 5
(1) Preparing nano titanium dioxide microspheres with high specific surface:
1 part of isopropyl titanate is weighed according to the volume ratio of 1:20 and dissolved in 50 parts of diisobutyl ketone, and the mixture is stirred uniformly at normal temperature to obtain a titanium-containing mixed solution; and adding 5 parts of propanol into the titanium-containing mixed solution, uniformly stirring, transferring to a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, placing at 40 ℃ for 12h of thermal reaction, naturally cooling, filtering the product by ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the ultrahigh specific surface.
The specific surface area of the nano titanium dioxide microsphere is 768.5m 2 Per g, average pore diameter of 1.5nm and pore volume of 0.18cm 3 And/g, particle size of about 300nm.
(2) Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount of oxalic acid dihydrate, dissolving in deionized water, and completely dissolving by water bath ultrasonic stirring; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the high specific surface prepared in the step (1), and stirring the mixture by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a baking oven for baking, then placing the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a muffle furnace for baking, taking out the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst, naturally cooling the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to room temperature, grinding and screening the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to below 20 meshes for standby;
the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 87%, V 2 O 5 Is 1%, WO 3 12%.
(3) Preparing an iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst:
ready to weigh a quantity of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is dissolved in deionized water, and after magnetic stirring for 10min, the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst prepared in the step (2) is added, and the solution is magnetically stirred until the solution is sticky; will beTransferring to a baking oven for baking, then placing in a muffle furnace for baking, taking out, naturally cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving to 20-40 meshes to obtain the iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst (marked as Fe 2 O 3 (0.3)-V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 )。
The catalyst comprises the following components: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.3:1.
Comparative example 1
(1) Preparing nano titanium dioxide microspheres with high specific surface:
a) Weighing a certain amount of titanium source, dissolving in an organic solvent, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain a titanium-containing mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the titanium source to the organic solvent is 1:1-100; b) Adding a certain amount of small molecular alcohols into the obtained titanium-containing mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of a titanium source to the small molecular saturated alcohols is 10:1-100; stirring uniformly, transferring into a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, and placing into a temperature of 30-220 ℃ for thermal reaction for 0.5-36 h to obtain a thermal reaction product; c) The thermal reaction product is washed and treated for 6 to 12 hours at the temperature of 50 to 100 ℃ to obtain the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with high specific surface;
(2) Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount of oxalic acid dihydrate, dissolving in deionized water, and completely dissolving by water bath ultrasonic stirring; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the high specific surface prepared in the step (1), and stirring the mixture by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring to a baking oven for baking, then placing in a muffle furnace for baking, taking out, naturally cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving to below 20 meshes for standby to obtain the vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst (shown as V) 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 )；
The vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 93%, V 2 O 5 5%, WO 3 2%.
Comparative example 2
Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount ofOxalic acid dihydrate is dissolved in deionized water, and is completely dissolved by ultrasonic stirring in water bath; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding common titanium dioxide powder (AR 99% or Ala-Aladin) purchased in the market, and stirring by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring to a baking oven for baking, then placing in a muffle furnace for baking, taking out, naturally cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving to below 20 meshes for standby to obtain the vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst (shown as V) 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 (general));
the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 93%, V 2 O 5 5%, WO 3 2%.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the low-temperature denitration and co-toluene removal iron-based catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparing nano titanium dioxide microspheres with high specific surface:
a) Weighing a certain amount of titanium source, dissolving in an organic solvent, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature to obtain a titanium-containing mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the titanium source to the organic solvent is 1:1-100; b) Adding a certain amount of small molecular saturated alcohols into the obtained titanium-containing mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of a titanium source to the small molecular saturated alcohols is 10:1-100; stirring uniformly, transferring into a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, and placing into a temperature of 30-220 ℃ for thermal reaction for 0.5-36 h to obtain a thermal reaction product; c) The thermal reaction product is washed and treated for 6 to 12 hours at the temperature of 50 to 100 ℃ to obtain the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with high specific surface;
(2) Preparation of vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst:
weighing a certain amount of oxalic acid dihydrate, dissolving in deionized water, and completely dissolving by water bath ultrasonic stirring; adding ammonium metavanadate, and ultrasonically stirring until the color is dark blue; adding 1.46g of ammonium tungstate, and stirring by ultrasonic until the ammonium tungstate is completely dissolved; adding the nano titanium dioxide microsphere with the high specific surface prepared in the step (1), and stirring the mixture by ultrasonic until the solution is sticky; transferring the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a baking oven for baking, then placing the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst into a muffle furnace for baking, taking out the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst, naturally cooling the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to room temperature, grinding and screening the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst to below 20 meshes for standby;
the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: tiO (titanium dioxide) 2 85-95%, V 2 O 5 1 to 5 percent of WO 3 1 to 12 percent;
(3) Preparing an iron-based vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst:
ready to weigh a quantity of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is dissolved in deionized water, and after magnetic stirring for 10min, the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst prepared in the step (2) is added, and the solution is magnetically stirred until the solution is sticky; transferring the catalyst into a baking oven for baking, then placing the baking oven into a muffle furnace for baking, taking out the baking oven, naturally cooling the baking oven to room temperature, grinding and sieving the baking oven to 20-40 meshes to obtain the iron-based vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst;
the catalyst comprises the following components: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.03-0.5:1.
2. The method for preparing the iron-based catalyst for low-temperature denitration and co-toluene removal as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1): the volume ratio of the titanium source to the organic solvent is 1:50, and the volume ratio of the titanium source to the small molecular saturated alcohols is 1:5;
in the step (2): the vanadium-tungsten-titanium catalyst comprises the following active components in percentage by mass: 93% TiO2, 5% V2O5 and 2% WO 3;
in the step (3): the catalyst comprises the following components: the molar ratio of iron to vanadium is: 0.3:1.
3. The method for preparing the low-temperature denitration and co-toluene removal iron-based catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1): the titanium source is isopropyl titanate or titanium chloride; the organic solvent is any one of diisobutyl ketone, butanone and acetone; the small molecule saturated alcohol is any one of glycol, butanol and propanol.
4. The method for preparing the low-temperature denitration and co-toluene removal iron-based catalyst according to claim 3, wherein in the step (1): the titanium source is isopropyl titanate; the organic solvent is diisobutyl ketone; the small molecule saturated alcohol is ethylene glycol.
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| CN112108151A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-22 | 北京工业大学 | Gamma-ferric oxide loaded vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN112774687A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-11 | 华南理工大学 | SCR catalyst for synergistically removing NO and VOCs and preparation method thereof |
| CN114956167A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽工业大学 | Nano titanium dioxide with ultrahigh specific surface area and preparation method thereof |
| US20230023728A1 (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2023-01-26 | Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation, Daegu University of | Vanadium pentoxide-tungsten trioxide catalyst supported on iron ion-exchanged titanium dioxide and method for removing nitrogen oxides using the same |
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| US20230023728A1 (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2023-01-26 | Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation, Daegu University of | Vanadium pentoxide-tungsten trioxide catalyst supported on iron ion-exchanged titanium dioxide and method for removing nitrogen oxides using the same |
| CN112108151A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-22 | 北京工业大学 | Gamma-ferric oxide loaded vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN112774687A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-11 | 华南理工大学 | SCR catalyst for synergistically removing NO and VOCs and preparation method thereof |
| CN114956167A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽工业大学 | Nano titanium dioxide with ultrahigh specific surface area and preparation method thereof |
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