CN117563045A - 用于软骨再生的天然可降解水凝胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用于软骨再生的天然可降解水凝胶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117563045A CN117563045A CN202410058642.0A CN202410058642A CN117563045A CN 117563045 A CN117563045 A CN 117563045A CN 202410058642 A CN202410058642 A CN 202410058642A CN 117563045 A CN117563045 A CN 117563045A
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- cartilage
- gelatin
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- meha
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于软骨再生的天然可降解水凝胶及其制备方法。所述天然可降解水凝胶,为由如下组分溶解于PBS中形成的超分子水凝胶:GelMA‑PH、MeHA‑CD、gelatin‑PH、HA‑CD和光引发剂。本发明还提供一种载成软骨小分子药物的超分子水凝胶支架。相较于传统支架,本发明的新型天然可降解支架不仅能为软骨修复提供增强的力学支持,还具有优异的可降解性、生物相容性以及软骨诱导能力。同时,还在兔软骨缺损中展现了优异的软骨修复能力。本发明的载KGN的超分子水凝胶支架通过药物缓释实验证实其相较于传统的GelHA支架具有更为持续的药物缓释能力,有望在软骨修复领域有更加广阔的应用。
Description
技术领域
在本发明属于医药领域,具体涉及一种用于软骨再生的天然可降解水凝胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
软骨损伤是世界范围内最常见的健康问题之一,其发生的原因多种多样,其中,外伤是最常见的病因。报告显示,一般人群中软骨损伤的患病率高达60%以上[ Lesage C,Lafont M, Guihard P, et al. Material-Assisted Strategies for OsteochondralDefect Repair[J]. Adv Sci (Weinh), 2022, 9(16): e2200050]。与体内其他大多数组织不同,软骨组织中的软骨细胞含量很低,并且几乎没有血管。由于缺乏适当的干细胞和足够的营养,软骨缺乏自愈能力,损伤后将导致关节疼痛,功能受限,如不及时治疗,甚至会引起骨关节炎,最终导致残疾[Sharma L. Osteoarthritis of the Knee[J]. N Engl JMed, 2021, 384(1): 51-59;Cao C, Shi Y, Zhang X, et al. Cholesterol-inducedLRP3 downregulation promotes cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis bytargeting Syndecan-4[J]. Nat Commun, 2022, 13(1): 7139;Dai W, Leng X, Wang J,et al. Intra-Articular Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Injections Are No DifferentFrom Placebo in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review andMeta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials[J]. Arthroscopy, 2021, 37(1):340-358]。
目前针对软骨损伤,临床上已经开发了多种治疗策略,其中包括微骨折、自体软骨移植和同种异体软骨移植等[Dai W, Sun M, Leng X, et al. Recent Progress in 3DPrinting of Elastic and High-Strength Hydrogels for the Treatment ofOsteochondral and Cartilage Diseases[J]. Front Bioeng Biotechnol, 2020, 8:604814]。尽管这些方法在临床上经常使用,但它们仍然存在显著的缺点和局限性。微骨折在软骨下骨上钻出小孔,让骨髓流入缺损区域以引入生长因子和干细胞,有望促进软骨的再生。然而,它通常会导致纤维软骨的形成。软骨移植虽然已经较多地应用于临床,但它仍然存在较大局限性,例如移植物储存、免疫排斥、组织供应有限、整合不足等缺点,导致修复效果不佳[Nakasa T, Ikuta Y, Sumii J, et al. Clinical Outcomes ofOsteochondral Fragment Fixation Versus Microfracture Even for SmallOsteochondral Lesions of the Talus[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2022, 50(11): 3019-3027.]。
组织工程,是指利用细胞技术、材料学方法、以及工程技术来构建生物活性物质,以修复或再生组织与器官的技术[Wang S, Zhao S, Yu J, et al. Advances inTranslational 3D Printing for Cartilage, Bone, and Osteochondral TissueEngineering[J]. Small, 2022, 18(36): e2201869;Zhao F, Cheng J, Zhang J, etal. Comparison of three different acidic solutions in tendon decellularizedextracellular matrix bio-ink fabrication for 3D cell printing[J]. ActaBiomater, 2021, 131: 262-275]。这项技术最初在1987 年由美国国家科学基金委员会提出,经过此后数十年迅速发展,这种方法构建的再生组织不仅能够提供力学和结构的支撑,还可以引导细胞定向分化并分泌细胞外基质,实现真正意义的组织修复。
鉴于目前临床上所使用的方法都无法修复这种异质性的软骨组织,使用组织工程的方法制备具有仿生结构的软骨支架,进而修复软骨组织,使其在修复后形成生理结构具有重要意义。
鉴于关节内复杂的力学环境,软骨组织工程支架不仅要具备足够的结构稳定性,还需要具有良好的生物亲和性和诱导组织分化能力,以促进细胞分泌细胞外基质从而重塑软骨的生理结构。
为了构建软骨组织工程支架,一些研究者使用人工合成材料制作支架,然而,这类人工合成支架多因为较差的生物相容性限制了其软骨修复能力。为了解决以上问题,研究者尝试在支架表面采用生物活性因子进行修饰,以提高支架的生物学性能。结果显示这种修饰方法可以提高软骨支架的生物活性。然而,这种方法只能在一定程度上提高支架的生物学功能,无法使细胞进入支架内部完成重建,并且由于支架降解缓慢,自体组织难以完全替代,其长期结果难以得到保证[Qiao Z, Lian M, Han Y, et al. Bioinspiredstratified electrowritten fiber-reinforced hydrogel constructs with layer-specific induction capacity for functional osteochondral regeneration[J].Biomaterials, 2021, 266: 120385]。
透明质酸是一种常见的天然材料,并且是软骨细胞外基质的主要成分之一[Dai WL, Lin Z M, Guo D H, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Hylan versus HyaluronicAcid in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis[J]. J Knee Surg, 2019, 32(3):259-268]。通过甲基丙烯酸对其进行修饰形成甲基丙烯酰透明质酸(MeHA)之后,可以进行光交联形成水凝胶。研究显示,MeHA水凝胶不仅具有良好的溶胀性能,还可以通过整合素与软骨细胞相互作用,从而增强软骨细胞增殖和细胞外基质的分泌[ Schuurmans C C L,Mihajlovic M, Hiemstra C, et al. Hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate(meth)acrylate-based hydrogels for tissue engineering: Synthesis,characteristics and pre-clinical evaluation[J]. Biomaterials, 2021, 268:120602]。尽管具有以上优点,MeHA水凝胶支架的机械性能比周围的天然组织弱,并且其降解速度明显快于组织再生速度。以上情况限制了MeHA水凝胶在软骨修复中的使用。
明胶是胶原蛋白的变性产物,因其所具有的天然Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD)序列可促进细胞和支架之间的生物相互作用而受到研究人员的关注[Sheikhi A, De Rutte J,Haghniaz R, et al. Microfluidic-enabled bottom-up hydrogels from annealablenaturally-derived protein microbeads[J]. Biomaterials, 2019, 192: 560-568]。然而,其机械刚度差和不可控的降解速率限制了它的应用。为了解决这个问题,研究人员用甲基丙烯酰基改性明胶,所得甲基丙烯酰明胶 (GelMA) 可以在光引发剂存在的情况下进行光交联形成水凝胶支架。交联的GelMA具有优异且可控的机械性能,可以满足不同条件下支架的要求[Martyniak K, Lokshina A, Cruz M A, et al. Biomaterial compositionand stiffness as decisive properties of 3D bioprinted constructs for type IIcollagen stimulation[J]. Acta Biomater, 2022, 152: 221-234]。然而,由于GelMA缺乏诱导组织分化能力和载药能力,通过单纯的GelMA难以构建出仿生的组织工程支架[YanX, Yang B, Chen Y, et al. Anti-Friction MSCs Delivery System Improves theTherapy for Severe Osteoarthritis[J]. Adv Mater, 2021, 33(52): e2104758]。
为了提升支架的生物学功能,一些研究者通过将生物组织进行脱细胞,以制备生物学功能更优良的脱细胞基质水凝胶[Zhao F, Cheng J, Zhang J, et al. Comparisonof three different acidic solutions in tendon decellularized extracellularmatrix bio-ink fabrication for 3D cell printing[J]. Acta Biomater, 2021, 131:262-275;Zhao F, Cheng J, Sun M, et al. Digestion degree is a key factor toregulate the printability of pure tendon decellularized extracellular matrixbio-ink in extrusion-based 3D cell printing[J]. Biofabrication, 2020, 12(4):045011. ]。相关研究证实这种脱细胞基质水凝胶具有较好的细胞亲和性及生物相容性,而且可以促进干细胞定向分化[De Santis M M, Alsafadi H N, Tas S, et al.Extracellular-Matrix-Reinforced Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting Human Tissue[J].Adv Mater, 2021, 33(3): e2005476]。然而这类水凝胶存在力学性能差,难以制备出固定形状的支架等问题,因此较少应用于体内修复。通过对其进行甲基丙烯酸修饰,从而使用共价交联增强其力学强度是其中的解决办法之一。然而,这种单纯的共价交联的成胶方式会显著限制支架内部的细胞-细胞、细胞-基质之间的相互作用,导致支架内的细胞难以发挥相应的功能[Chaudhuri O, Cooper-White J, Janmey P A, et al. Effects ofextracellular matrix viscoelasticity on cellular behaviour[J]. Nature, 2020,584(7822): 535-546]。
目前组织工程方面使用的天然支架因为较差的组织诱导能力以及较弱的机械强度往往难以达到满意效果,而单纯的合成材料虽然力学强度可以,但是其生物相容性和生物可降解性往往欠佳,最终导致其软骨修复能力有限。
发明内容
针对目前软骨修复支架的缺点,本发明开发一种具有增强的力学强度、优良的生物相容性、更好的软骨诱导能力、以及生物可降解的新型天然超分子水凝胶支架,以便更好地促进关节软骨修复。
本发明的目的之一是提供一种天然可降解水凝胶。
本发明所提供的天然可降解水凝胶,为由如下组分溶解于PBS中形成的超分子水凝胶(MeGH):GelMA-PH、MeHA-CD、gelatin-PH、HA-CD和光引发剂,
其中,所述光引发剂具体可为LAP,
所述天然可降解水凝胶中,GelMA-PH的质量百分含量为2-4%,具体可为2.5%,MeHA-CD的质量百分含量为0.5-2%,具体可为1%,gelatin-PH的质量百分含量为2-4%,具体可为2.5%,HA-CD的质量百分含量为0.5-2%,具体可为1%,光引发剂的质量百分含量为0.3-1.0%,具体可为0.5%。
所述GelMA-PH表示酚修饰的甲基丙烯酰化明胶;
具体地,所述酚修饰的甲基丙烯酰化明胶(GelMA-PH)通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将明胶与甲基丙烯酸反应,得到甲基丙烯酰化明胶GelMA;将甲基丙烯酰化明胶GelMA与对羟基苯丙酸发生缩合反应,即得酚修饰的甲基丙烯酰化明胶(GelMA-PH);
其中,明胶与甲基丙烯酸的配比可为10g:0.6-3mL;
甲基丙烯酰化明胶GelMA与对羟基苯丙酸的质量比可为1.0g:20-100mg;
所述缩合反应在EDC和NHS催化下进行;
所述缩合反应在黑暗环境下进行,所述缩合反应的温度可为37-40°C,具体可为37°C,时间可为18-36h,具体可为24h。
所述gelatin-PH表示酚修饰的明胶;
具体地,所述酚修饰的明胶(gelatin-PH)通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将明胶与对羟基苯丙酸发生缩合反应,即得酚修饰的明胶(gelatin-PH);
其中,明胶与对羟基苯丙酸的质量比可为1.0g:20-100mg;
所述缩合反应在EDC和NHS催化下进行;
所述缩合反应在黑暗环境下进行,所述缩合反应的温度可为37-40°C,具体可为37°C,时间可为18-36h,具体可为24h。
所述MeHA-CD表示β-环糊精修饰的甲基丙烯酸透明质酸(β-CD 修饰的MeHA),
具体地,所述β-环糊精修饰的甲基丙烯酸透明质酸(MeHA-CD)通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将透明质酸HA与甲基丙烯酸反应,得到甲基丙烯酸透明质酸(MeHA),阳离子交换树脂交换得到酸化的MeHA,使用TBA-OH滴定酸化的MeHA至pH 7.02-7.05以制备碱化的MeHA,将碱化的MeHA与β-CD反应,得到β-CD 修饰的MeHA(MeHA-CD);
其中,所述透明质酸与甲基丙烯酸的配比可为5.0g:2.8-11.2 ml,所述反应在碱性条件下进行,具体地,在pH值=8.5进行;
碱化的MeHA与β-CD的质量比可为1.0g:0.4-1.6g。
所述HA-CD表示β-环糊精修饰的透明质酸(HA-CD);
具体地,所述β-环糊精修饰的透明质酸(HA-CD)通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将透明质酸HA与阳离子交换树脂交换得到酸化的HA,使用TBA-OH滴定酸化的HA至pH7.02-7.05以制备碱化的HA,将碱化的HA与β-CD反应,得到β-CD 修饰的HA(HA-CD);
其中,碱化的HA与β-CD的质量比可为1.0g:0.4-1.6g。
上述天然可降解水凝胶通过将GelMA-PH、MeHA-CD、gelatin-PH、HA-CD和光引发剂溶解于PBS中制成。
上述天然可降解水凝胶即超分子水凝胶构建软骨组织工程支架中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明还提供一种超分子水凝胶MeGH支架。
本发明所提供的超分子水凝胶MeGH支架,为通过对上述超分子水凝胶MeGH(天然可降解水凝胶)进行3D打印而成的网格状支架。
上述天然可降解水凝胶即超分子水凝胶,及超分子水凝胶MeGH支架在制备促进软骨修复的产品中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明还提供一种载成软骨小分子药物的超分子水凝胶支架。
本发明所提供的载成软骨小分子药物的超分子水凝胶支架,通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将成软骨小分子药物加入到超分子水凝胶中,再进行3D打印。
所述成软骨小分子药物具体可为KGN。
所述成软骨小分子药物与超分子水凝胶的配比可为30-100μg:1 ml。
本发明提供一种合适的超分子水凝胶支架的合成方法,成功制作了以可降解天然材料-明胶和透明质酸为基础的新型软骨修复支架。
相较于传统支架,本发明的新型天然可降解支架不仅能为软骨修复提供增强的力学支持,还具有优异的可降解性、生物相容性以及软骨诱导能力。同时,还在兔软骨缺损中展现了优异的软骨修复能力。本发明的载KGN的超分子水凝胶支架通过药物缓释实验证实其相较于传统的GelHA支架具有更为持续的药物缓释能力,有望在软骨修复领域有更加广阔的应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中通过1H NMR确认MeHA-CD及HA-CD的成功修饰。
图2为本发明实施例1中通过1H NMR确认GelMA-PH及gelatin-PH的成功修饰。
图3为本发明实施例1中测得的2D ROESY NMR波谱,证实MeGH中β-CD和酚基之间的超分子络合效应(黑框中显示Overhauser峰效应)。
图4中A,B为MeGH水凝胶的流变学特征,其中,A为粘度-温度曲线,B为粘度-剪切速率曲线,C为通过3D打印的方法制备的MeGH支架。
图5中A为MeGH支架的反复折弯测试结果、B为力学模量以及C为循环压缩测试结果。
图6为降解实验结果,证实MeGH支架大约在25天降解完全,远小于传统GelHA支架的9天降解完全。
图7为细胞实验,证实MeGH支架优异的生物相容性。图7中A、B,细胞live/dead生存染色;图7中C、D,细胞Edu增殖染色。
图8为本发明实施例2中药物缓释实验结果,证实MeGH支架相对于传统的GelHA支架具有更为持续的药物缓释能力。
图9表明载KGN的MeGH支架相较于载KGN的GelHA支架可以更好地促进兔干细胞成软骨,其中A为免疫荧光检测成软骨相关蛋白[COL II和SOX9]的表达情况;B,C为免疫荧光强度的半定量检测第7天和14天的COLII和SOX9的表达量。
图10中A为大体观及MRI比较MeGH支架和传统的GelHA支架对软骨修复能力。B 为ICRS评分及C为MRI WORMS评分,显示MeGH支架较GelHA支架具有更优异的软骨修复效果。
图11为HE染色,显示载KGN的MeGH支架相较于载KGN的传统GelHA支架具有更强的软骨修复能力。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解,此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
下述实施例中所采用的试剂包括透明质酸,明胶,磷酸盐缓冲溶液 (PBS),氢氧化钠(NaOH),阳离子交换树脂,甲基丙烯酸,四丁基氢氧化铵(TBA-OH),单(6-己二胺基-6-去氧)β-环糊精(β-CD),2-吗啉乙磺酸缓冲液 (MES),N-羟基丁二酰亚胺(NHS),1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺(EDC),二甲基亚砜(DMSO),对羟基苯丙酸,苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基)磷酸锂盐(LAP),Kartogenin (KGN)。
实施例1、超分子水凝胶支架的合成与制备
将5.0 g透明质酸溶解在300 ml去离子水中。使用NaOH将溶液的pH值调整为8.5。滴加5.6 ml甲基丙烯酸,并在甲基丙烯酸添加过程中使用NaOH将pH维持至8.5。反应4小时后,将溶液转移到透析膜(7000D)中,使用去离子水透析7天,每天换水两次。透析后,将其在-80°C冰箱中冷冻过夜,并将样品冻干得到甲基丙烯酸透明质酸(MeHA)。将3.0 g MeHA溶解在150 ml去离子水中。向溶液中加入9.0 g 阳离子交换树脂(Dowex 50WX8),并通过真空过滤从树脂中收集酸化的MeHA。随后通过使用TBA-OH滴定酸化的MeHA至pH 7.02-7.05以制备碱化的MeHA。将1.0 g 碱化的MeHA溶解在200 ml无水DMSO中,并加入0.8 g β-CD,反应6小时后,加入冰水终止反应。在室温下透析5天,每天换水两次。透析完后,将样品放于-80°C冰箱中冷冻过夜,并将其冻干得到β-CD 修饰的MeHA(MeHA-CD)。将3.0 g HA溶解在150 ml去离子水中。向溶液中加入9.0 g 阳离子交换树脂(Dowex 50WX8),并通过真空过滤从树脂中收集酸化的HA。随后通过使用TBA-OH滴定酸化的HA至pH 7.02-7.05以制备碱化的HA。将1.0 g 碱化的HA溶解在200 ml无水DMSO中,并加入0.8 g β-CD,反应6小时后,加入冰水终止反应。在室温下透析5天,每天换水两次。透析完后,将样品放于-80°C冰箱中冷冻过夜,并将其冻干得到β-CD 修饰的HA(HA-CD)。使用1H NMR确认MeHA-CD和HA-CD的成功修饰(图1)。
将10 g明胶溶解在50°C的100 mL去离子水中,搅拌60分钟以促进明胶溶解。然后缓慢加入0.6 ml甲基丙烯酸并搅拌(300 RPM)。反应60分钟后,将溶液转移到50 ml管中,并通过高速离心3分钟(3000 RPM)除去未反应的甲基丙烯酸。用100 ml预热(40°C)的去离子水稀释上清液后,将溶液转移到透析膜(7000D)中,并在40°C下使用去离子水透析3天。最后,将纯化的溶液冻干,得到GelMA。将1.0 g GelMA溶解在37°C的 MES缓冲液(pH 4.5)中。然后,将50.0 mg对羟基苯丙酸、58.0 mg EDC和35.0 mg NHS溶解在80 mL MES缓冲液(pH4.5)中,搅拌20分钟后,将该溶液加入到GelMA溶液中。使混合物在37°C黑暗环境中反应24小时。所得溶液通过去离子水透析纯化,最后冻干得到酚修饰的GelMA (GelMA-PH)。将1.0g 明胶溶解在37°C的 MES缓冲液(pH 4.5)中。然后,将50.0 mg对羟基苯丙酸、58.0 mg EDC和35.0 mg NHS溶解在80 mL MES缓冲液(pH 4.5)中,搅拌20分钟后,将该溶液加入到明胶溶液中。使混合物在37°C黑暗环境中反应24小时。所得溶液通过去离子水透析纯化,最后冻干得到酚修饰的明胶(gelatin-PH)。使用1H NMR确认GelMA-PH及gelatin-PH的成功修饰(图2)。
将2.5%(质量浓度)GelMA-PH、1% MeHA-CD、2.5% gelatin-PH、1% HA-CD和0.5 %LAP作为光引发剂溶解在PBS中形成超分子水凝胶(MeGH)。为了确认β-CD和酚基之间的超分子络合效应,将制备的MeGH粉末溶解在氧化氘中,并使用2D ROESY NMR波谱证实MeGH中β-CD和酚基之间的超分子络合效应。图3为测得的2D ROESY NMR波谱,证实MeGH中β-CD和酚基之间的超分子络合效应(黑框中显示Overhauser峰效应)。
在流变学测试中,MeGH表现出良好的温敏性(图4中A)和剪切稀化(图4中B)能力,说明其具有良好的3D打印性。通过对MeGH进行3D打印成网格状支架(3D打印机:3DBioplotter [EnvisionTEC,Germany];针头直径:51 um;水凝胶挤出温度:23℃;3D打印机平台温度:5℃;气压:0.8 bar;交联条件:蓝光交联 [405 nm,5 mW cm-2,15秒],证实其可以形成结构稳定的3D支架(图4中C)。
对交联后的支架进行反复折弯,证实了MeGH在打印后具有良好的结构稳定性(图5中A),而传统的GelHA支架(制备方法:将5% GelMA、2% MeHA和0.5 % LAP作为光引发剂溶解在PBS中形成GelHA。通过对GelHA进行3D打印成网格状支架[3D打印机:3D Bioplotter,EnvisionTEC,Germany;针头直径:51 um;水凝胶挤出温度:23℃;3D打印机平台温度:5℃;气压:0.8 bar;交联条件:蓝光交联, 405 nm,5 mW cm-2,15秒])则会因为力学强度不足而出现断裂。而压缩力学测试也证实了MeGH不仅压缩模量大约为传统GelHA支架(5% GelMA +2% MeHA)的两倍(图5中B),并且在反复压缩测试中未见明显的力学模量衰减,说明其适合用于反复承重的关节环境中(图5中C)。
图5中A为MeGH支架的反复折弯测试、B为力学模量以及C为循环压缩测试结果。
在降解测试中,将支架浸泡在降解液中(该降解液由包含2.0U/mLI型胶原酶和10U/mL透明质酸酶的PBS溶液组成,以在37℃下模拟体内关节环境。在所需时间点,用去离子水彻底清洗样品,冷冻干燥并称重。降解率计算如下:降解率=(Wo,dry-Wt,dry)/Wo,dry×100%,其中Wo,dry是降解前的干燥重量,Wt,dry是在每个降解时间点的干燥重量。结果发现其大约在25天降解完全,远小于传统GelHA(5% GelMA + 2% MeHA)支架的约9天降解完全(图6)。
图6为降解实验结果,证实MeGH支架大约在25天降解完全,远小于传统GelHA支架的9天降解完全。
通过混合水凝胶和兔脂肪干细胞打印网格状支架,发现在MeGH支架相较于传统的GelHA支架中具有更为优异的生物相容性(图7中A、B,细胞live/dead生存染色;图7中C、D,细胞Edu增殖染色)。
图7为细胞实验证实MeGH支架优异的生物相容性。相较于传统的GelHA支架,兔脂肪干细胞在MeGH支架中具有更好的存活率。
实施例2、载成软骨小分子药物KGN的超分子水凝胶支架的制备及性质研究
启发于既往文献报道的环糊精对小分子药物的吸附作用,本发明将成软骨小分子药物KGN加入到MeGH支架中(每50μg KGN加入1ml MeGH水凝胶中),并对通过药物缓释实验证实MeGH支架相较于传统的GelHA支架具有更为持续的药物缓释能力(图8)。
图8为药物缓释实验,证实MeGH支架相对于传统的GelHA支架具有更为持续的药物缓释能力。
使用MeGH水凝胶载兔脂肪干细胞和KGN打印网格状支架,在共培养7天和14天以后,发现载KGN的MeGH支架可以更好地促进干细胞中成软骨相关蛋白(COL II和SOX9)的表达(图9)。
图9表明载KGN的MeGH支架相较于载KGN的GelHA支架可以更好地促进兔干细胞成软骨,其中A为免疫荧光检测成软骨相关蛋白[COL II和SOX9]的表达情况;B,C为免疫荧光强度的半定量检测第7天和14天的COLII和SOX9的表达量。
为了验证新型支架的软骨修复能力,将3D打印的支架植入到兔软骨缺损内,并观察术后12周的软骨修复效果,从大体观(图10中A)和MRI(图10中B)发现,MeGH支架相较于传统的GelHA支架具有更好的软骨修复能力。通过HE染色进一步验证了MeGH支架在植入后具有更好的软骨修复能力(图11)。
图10中A为大体观及MRI比较MeGH支架和传统的GelHA支架对软骨修复能力。B 为ICRS评分及C为MRI WORMS评分,显示MeGH支架较GelHA支架具有更优异的软骨修复效果。
图11为HE染色,显示载KGN的MeGH支架相较于载KGN的传统GelHA支架具有更强的软骨修复能力。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (7)
1.一种天然可降解水凝胶,为由如下组分溶解于PBS中形成的超分子水凝胶MeGH:GelMA-PH、MeHA-CD、gelatin-PH、HA-CD和光引发剂,
其中,GelMA-PH表示酚修饰的甲基丙烯酰化明胶;
gelatin-PH表示酚修饰的明胶;
MeHA-CD表示β-环糊精修饰的甲基丙烯酸透明质酸;
HA-CD表示β-环糊精修饰的透明质酸;
所述酚修饰的甲基丙烯酰化明胶通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将明胶与甲基丙烯酸反应,得到甲基丙烯酰化明胶GelMA;将甲基丙烯酰化明胶GelMA与对羟基苯丙酸发生缩合反应,即得酚修饰的甲基丙烯酰化明胶;
所述酚修饰的明胶通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将明胶与对羟基苯丙酸发生缩合反应,即得酚修饰的明胶;
所述β-环糊精修饰的甲基丙烯酸透明质酸通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将透明质酸HA与甲基丙烯酸反应,得到甲基丙烯酸透明质酸MeHA,阳离子交换树脂交换得到酸化的MeHA,使用TBA-OH滴定酸化的MeHA至pH 7.02-7.05以制备碱化的MeHA,将碱化的MeHA与β-CD反应,得到β-环糊精修饰的甲基丙烯酸透明质酸;
所述β-环糊精修饰的透明质酸通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将透明质酸HA与阳离子交换树脂交换得到酸化的HA,使用TBA-OH滴定酸化的HA至pH 7.02-7.05以制备碱化的HA,将碱化的HA与β-CD反应,得到β-环糊精修饰的透明质酸。
2.如权利要求1所述的天然可降解水凝胶,其特征在于,所述天然可降解水凝胶中,GelMA-PH的质量百分含量为2-4%,MeHA-CD的质量百分含量为0.5-2%,gelatin-PH的质量百分含量为2-4%,HA-CD的质量百分含量为0.5-2%,光引发剂的质量百分含量为0.3-1.0%。
3.权利要求1或2所述的天然可降解水凝胶在构建软骨组织工程支架中的应用。
4.一种超分子水凝胶支架,为通过对权利要求1或2所述的天然可降解水凝胶进行3D打印而成的网格状支架。
5.权利要求1或2所述的天然可降解水凝胶及权利要求4所述的超分子水凝胶支架在制备促进软骨修复的产品中的应用。
6.一种载成软骨小分子药物的超分子水凝胶支架,通过包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:将成软骨小分子药物加入到权利要求1或2所述的天然可降解水凝胶中,再进行3D打印。
7.如权利要求6所述的载成软骨小分子药物的超分子水凝胶支架,其特征在于,所述成软骨小分子药物为KGN,
所述成软骨小分子药物与天然可降解水凝胶的配比为30-100μg:1 ml。
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