CN117562070A - 一种防治真菌性病害的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治真菌性病害的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
- A01N43/78—1,3-Thiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-thiazoles
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
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Abstract
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治真菌性病害的杀菌组合物。一种杀菌组合物,所述杀菌组合物的有效成分由岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑或吡唑萘菌胺复配而成;其中,所述岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑的质量比为1‑9:19‑1;所述岩白菜内酯与吡唑萘菌胺的质量比为1‑30:25‑1。本发明活性杀菌剂中的岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑或吡唑萘菌胺复配时,具有增效作用,与单一成分相比,可以提高对植物病害的防治效果,从而可以降低农药用量,降低环境污染和农药残留。本发明活性杀菌剂可以延缓植物病害病原菌抗药性的发展,与单一成分相比,可以降低抗药性风险。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治真菌性病害的杀菌组合物。
背景技术
小麦条锈病是由条形柄锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici)侵染引起的叶部病害,是小麦生产中具有毁灭性的植物病害之一。条锈病主要发生在小麦叶片上,整个生长期均可发病,在初期病叶上会出现明显的退绿色花斑,而后短时间内形成隆起的黄色或鲜黄色的夏孢子堆并一直扩展,起初夏孢子堆小,呈现黄色椭圆形凸起。后期叶片表皮破裂,露出大量黄色粉末。小麦条锈病具有爆发性强,流行速度快,发生范围广的特点,严重威胁小麦的高产和稳产。
化学防治是防控植物病害的有效途径之一,在农业生产生,通过喷施多菌灵、三唑酮、三唑醇、烯唑醇、已唑醇和丙环唑等药剂可以防控小麦条锈病。但长期使用单一杀菌剂存在病原菌抗性增强、用药量增加和环境污染加重等问题。而将不同作用机理农药品质复配可以在一定程度上克服使用单一杀菌剂的缺陷,是防治抗药性病原菌的常见便捷方法之一。因此,筛选防治小麦条锈病的复配配方具有重要意义。
岩白菜内酯(bergenin)又称岩白菜素、虎耳草素、岩白菜宁等,属于异香豆素类化合物,是虎耳草科植物岩白菜、落新妇等以及紫金牛科植物百两金、朱砂根、酸苔菜等的有效成分。目前岩白菜内酯已被证实具有抗菌、抗癌、抗人类免疫缺陷病毒、抗溃疡、抗心律不齐、降压和镇痛等药理活性。现有技术还报道了,岩白菜内酯可以抑制植物病原真菌生长和杀灭农作物害螨,具有开发成植物源杀菌剂和杀虫剂的潜力。
目前还未见到岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑或吡唑萘菌胺复配的相关报道。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治真菌性病害的杀菌组合物,其可以提高对植物病害的防治效果,降低环境污染和农药残留。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种杀菌组合物,所述杀菌组合物的有效成分由岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑或吡唑萘菌胺复配而成;其中,
所述岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑的质量比为1-9:19-1;
所述岩白菜内酯与吡唑萘菌胺的质量比为1-30:25-1。
更为具体的,所述岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑的质量比为3:1。
更为具体的,所述岩白菜内酯与吡唑萘菌胺的质量比为1:7或30:1。
本发明还提供了一种防治真菌性病害的的活性杀菌剂,由所述的杀菌组合物和农药学上允许添加的辅助成分制备而成。
更为具体的,所述杀菌组合物的质量占所述活性杀菌剂总质量的0.5-80%。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明活性杀菌剂中的岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑或吡唑萘菌胺复配时,具有增效作用,与单一成分相比,可以提高对植物病害的防治效果,从而可以降低农药用量,降低环境污染和农药残留。
(2)本发明活性杀菌剂可以延缓植物病害病原菌抗药性的发展,与单一成分相比,可以降低抗药性风险。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明专利的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域所属的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例:室内生物活性试验
1.供试作物
长势基本一致的2叶1心期“铭贤169”小麦幼苗,每盆10株。
2.供试菌株与孢子悬浮液
小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici)。采集小麦种植田内感染小麦条锈菌的小麦叶片,选择孢子堆较分散的叶段,用清水冲洗表面后铺在带有湿润滤纸的培养皿中过夜,产孢后用灭菌后的接种针挑取单个孢子堆上的孢子接种到供试作物叶片上进行扩繁。用0.1%吐温-80水溶液洗下供试作物叶片上24h内产生的条锈菌新鲜夏孢子,双层纱布过滤后再用0.1%吐温-80水溶液稀释成浓度为1×105个孢子/mL的悬浮液,备用。
4.供试药剂
98%岩白菜内酯原药(西格玛奥德里奇(上海)贸易有限公司)、95%烯丙苯噻唑原药(盐城联合伟业化工有限公司)、92%吡唑萘菌胺原药(先正达南通作物保护有限公司)
将供试药剂先用二甲基亚砜溶解,再用0.1%吐温-80水溶液稀释,配制成单剂母液,设置多组配比,各单剂和配比混剂均按等比方法设置5个质量浓度梯度。
5.试验方法(参考《NY/T 1156.15-2008农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第15部分:防治麦类叶锈病试验盆栽法》)
将孢子悬浮液喷雾接种于供试作物上,然后黑暗保湿培养12h,保湿阶段要求温度15-20℃,然后在18-22℃的温室中培养,每天光照12h。接种24h后,将供试药液均匀喷施于供试作物叶面至全部湿润,待药液自然风干后移入18-22℃的温室中继续培养。每个质量浓度药液处理4盆,并设只含有0.1%吐温-80水溶液处理为空白对照。
6.分级调查病情
待空白对照发病率达到80%以上时,分级调查各处理发病情况,并根据调查数据,计算各处理的病情指数及防治效果。
表1病情分级表
病情级数 | 病情表征 |
0 | 无孢子堆 |
1 | 孢子堆占整片叶面积的5%以下 |
3 | 孢子堆占整片叶面积的5-10% |
5 | 孢子堆占整片叶面积的10-25% |
7 | 孢子堆占整片叶面积的25-50% |
9 | 孢子堆占整片叶面积的50%以上 |
7.数据分析
采用DPS软件进行数据统计分析,对药浓度对数值和防效几率值进行回归分析,计算各药剂的EC50,根据Wadley法计算混剂的增效系数SR,并根据增效系数SR评价药剂混用的增效作用。结果见表1-2。
表1岩白菜内酯与烯丙苯噻唑复配对小麦条锈病菌的室内生物活性
由表1可知,岩白菜内酯与烯丙苯噻唑复配后,在质量比为1-9:19-1内对小麦条锈病菌的增效系数均大于1.5,表现为增效作用。
表2岩白菜内酯与吡唑萘菌胺复配对小麦条锈病菌的室内生物活性
由表2可知,岩白菜内酯与吡唑萘菌胺复配后,在质量比为1-30:25-1内对小麦条锈病菌的增效系数均大于1.5,表现为增效作用。
综上所述,岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑或吡唑萘菌胺复配时,具有增效作用,与单一成分相比,可以提高对植物病害的防治效果,从而可以降低农药用量,降低环境污染和农药残留。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种杀菌组合物,其特征在于,所述杀菌组合物的有效成分由岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑或吡唑萘菌胺复配而成;其中,
所述岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑的质量比为1-9:19-1;
所述岩白菜内酯与吡唑萘菌胺的质量比为1-30:25-1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于,所述岩白菜内酯与苯丙烯噻唑的质量比为3:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于,所述岩白菜内酯与吡唑萘菌胺的质量比为1:7或30:1。
4.一种防治真菌性病害的活性杀菌剂,其特征在于,由权利要求1-4任一项所述的杀菌组合物和农药学上允许添加的辅助成分制备而成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的防治真菌性病害的活性杀菌剂,其特征在于,所述杀菌组合物的质量占所述活性杀菌剂总质量的0.5-80%。
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