CN117557903A - Intelligent system, medium and equipment for early screening of tumors - Google Patents
Intelligent system, medium and equipment for early screening of tumors Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of early tumor screening, and provides an intelligent early tumor screening system, medium and equipment. The intelligent tumor early screening system comprises a preliminary screening module and a prediction module; the preliminary screening module is configured to: primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters; the prediction module is configured to: acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information; extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image; if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of early tumor screening, and particularly relates to an intelligent early tumor screening system, medium and equipment.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The breast cancer early screening can reduce the death rate, improve the success rate of treatment, reduce the medical cost and the treatment difficulty and improve the life quality of patients. The screening methods of breast cancer at present include the following methods:
1) Breast self-test and Clinical Breast Examination (CBE). The disadvantage is that the diagnosis is easy for the early tumor with smaller volume, and thus the whole diagnosis sensitivity is lower.
2) Mammary molybdenum target X-ray examination (MAM). This approach takes advantage of the penetrability of X-rays, which can be absorbed to varying degrees when penetrating tissue, and the unabsorbed, which can be processed by a photosheet, phosphor screen or X-ray detector, to be converted into a visible information image. The defect is that in compact breast cases, the diagnosis rate is obviously reduced, missed diagnosis occurs, and in addition, X rays have certain radiation dose and can not be re-checked for many times in a short period.
3) Breast ultrasound examination (BUS). The ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe can be reflected back to the human tissue through the ultrasonic wave, the time of the ultrasonic wave reflected back from different distances is different, the quantity of the ultrasonic wave reflected back from different tissues is different, and the ultrasonic wave is converted into a visible image through computer data processing. The disadvantage is low susceptibility to carcinoma in situ of the catheter, which is only imaged by microcalcifications. Moreover, ultrasound examination relies on the level of the operating physician and is highly subjective.
4) Mammary gland nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRl). This approach reconstructs the image using the signals generated by the collection of magnetic resonance phenomena. The disadvantages are that MRI examination equipment is expensive, examination time is long, and the detection rate of cancer in some catheters which are changed only by micro calcification is low, so that the MRI examination equipment is not generally used for breast cancer screening alone. Meanwhile, for the early-stage screening of the cancer, although various tumors can be detected at the same time, the tumor cannot be definitely identified, more indexes are required to be detected at the same time, and the sensitivity requirement is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides an intelligent system, medium and equipment for early screening of tumors, which are particularly applied to the field of breast cancer and have the advantages of no wound, high precision and rapid identification.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides an intelligent tumor early screening system.
An intelligent tumor early screening system, comprising: a preliminary screening module and a prediction module;
the preliminary screening module is configured to: primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters;
the prediction module is configured to:
acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information;
extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image;
if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters;
acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information;
extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image;
if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
A third aspect of the invention provides an electronic device.
An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the program:
primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters;
acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information;
extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image;
if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters is primarily judged, then the hyperspectral image corresponding to the serum image of the doctor possibly having the foreign matters is processed, and the spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the breast is extracted, so that the accuracy of the early screening system is improved through two-stage judgment;
(2) The invention utilizes the spectral intensity representing the breast characteristics to be compared with the spectral intensity representing the breast characteristics of normal breast, and utilizes the hyperspectral fingerprint characteristics to solve the defect of the screening mode of the prior breast cancer early screening, and has the advantages of no invasiveness, rapidness, no need of long-term training of operators, no dependence on subjective judgment on interpretation of results and more objective interpretation results.
Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent system for early screening of tumors according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
Term interpretation:
the breast lump mainly refers to a substance which is tough to touch in a breast, smooth in surface, clear in boundary and easy to push, and the diameter is smaller than 2cm.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an intelligent system for early screening of tumor, which includes: a preliminary screening module and a prediction module;
(1) The preliminary screening module is configured to: and primarily judging that the breast possibly has foreign matters.
Specifically, in the preliminary screening module, when any one of breast lump, nipple discharge and breast skin abnormality occurs in the breast, it is preliminarily determined that the breast may have a foreign object.
Wherein, in the preliminary screening module, the breast mass is an object movable within the breast and having a diameter less than a set diameter. For example, a diameter of less than 2cm.
In some implementations, in the preliminary screening module, breast images are first acquired, and the breast images are used to identify whether a breast tumor, nipple discharge, or breast skin abnormality has occurred.
For example, a known neural network model may be pre-selected, the neural network model trained using a pre-calibrated set of breast image samples, and finally the trained neural network model used to identify breast images acquired in real-time.
In some other embodiments, other prior art schemes may be used to identify breast bumps, nipple discharge, and breast skin abnormalities, which are not described in detail herein.
(2) The prediction module is configured to:
step a: and acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to the serum image of the doctor who possibly has foreign bodies in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information. The serum sample collection is to take the upper serum as a sample after the doctor fasted for 8 hours, the empty venous blood is extracted for 3m in the next morning at 5-6 hours, the serum sample is kept stand at room temperature until layering, and the serum sample is centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000rpm/min of a centrifuge. In one serum sample, a total of 3 measurements were made, resulting in 3 spectra, and these 3 spectra were averaged as the spectral signal for that serum sample.
Step b: spectral intensities characterizing breast characteristics are extracted from the serum spectral information and compared with corresponding spectral intensities in normal breast hyperspectral images.
Wherein the most significant difference between normal and abnormal breast tissue is the lipid, carotenoid and protein content, and therefore the spectral intensity characterizing the breast characteristics is in the range of 200-1800cm -1 Is a spectral fingerprint region of (c).
For example, the spectral intensity characterizing the breast comprises 495cm -1 (D-mannose), 637cm -1 (amino acid N-ethyl glucose) and 722cm -1 (gland glance sideways at, coenzyme A) three spectral intensities.
Uncontrolled cell proliferation is a hallmark of cancer, increasing DNA, RNA and protein production, and disrupting lipid metabolism. These changes, at the level of biochemistry, occur much earlier than the clinical symptoms. Thus, spectroscopic-based methods can be used to detect and quantify these altered molecular signatures, and spectroscopy can be used as biomarker profiles for early disease classification and tumor classification.
Step c: if a difference of spectrum intensities exceeds a preset difference threshold range (wherein the difference threshold range is preset by human and can be determined according to multiple tests), the breast abnormality is determined.
In one or more embodiments, before extracting the spectral intensity characterizing the breast characteristic from the serum spectral information, further comprising: and denoising the serum spectrum information. This can make it very important to identify any outliers in the dataset that may adversely affect interpretation and classification.
For example, PCA denoising is performed on serum spectral information. Among them, principal Component Analysis (PCA) is an outlier detection algorithm. Principal component analysis (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) is a commonly used dimension reduction technique for extracting the main information in images. The multi-band image is converted into a new feature space through linear transformation, so that covariance among samples in the new space is minimized, and data dimension can be reduced while as much information as possible is reserved.
Specifically, the process of PCA noise removal for serum spectrum information is:
step 1, data standardization: and (3) carrying out mean centering and standard deviation normalization on the original image to enable different wave bands to have the same scale.
Wherein X is i Is the image of the ith band, mu i Is the mean value of the ith band, sigma i Is the standard deviation of the ith band
Step 2, covariance matrix calculation: calculating a covariance matrix of the standardized image data, wherein the covariance matrix is used for measuring the correlation between different wavebands:
wherein C is covariance matrix, N is band number, X i Is a normalized image of the i-th band, μ is a mean vector, and T represents the transpose of the matrix.
Step 3, eigenvalue decomposition: and carrying out eigenvalue decomposition on the covariance matrix to obtain eigenvectors and eigenvalues. The eigenvectors represent the primary directions of the original data, and the eigenvalues represent the importance of the data in these directions:
C＝UΛU T
where U is the eigenvector matrix, Λ is the diagonal eigenvalue matrix, and T represents the transpose of the matrix.
Step 4, selecting main components: the first k eigenvectors with the largest eigenvalues are selected as the principal components, where k is the desired dimension after dimension reduction. The principal components are arranged in descending order of eigenvalues w=u (: 1:k);
wherein W is a matrix composed of eigenvectors corresponding to the first k largest eigenvalues.
Step 5, transforming to a new feature space: multiplying the original data with the selected principal component to obtain a representation f=xw in the new feature space;
where F is the new feature space image and X is the original normalized image data.
In other embodiments, for example, a t-test may be used to compare the spectral intensities between two samples of hyperspectral images of the patient and normal breast, and the data analysis may be performed by SPSS, and the characteristic band spectral signal values may be selected for the system, or may be determined to be abnormal if at least one difference has statistical significance (P < 0.05).
The p value is a decreasing index of the credibility of the result. Where the p-value is the probability of making an error that the observation is considered valid, i.e., has an overall representation. If p=0.05 suggests that the variable correlation in the sample is 5% likely due to chance.
Example two
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters;
acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information;
extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image;
if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
It should be noted that, each step in the present embodiment corresponds to each module in the first embodiment, and the implementation process is the same, which is not described here.
Example III
The embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the following steps when executing the program:
primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters;
acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information;
extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image;
if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
It should be noted that, each step in the present embodiment corresponds to each module in the first embodiment, and the implementation process is the same, which is not described here.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent tumor early screening system, comprising: a preliminary screening module and a prediction module;
the preliminary screening module is configured to: primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters;
the prediction module is configured to:
acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information;
extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image;
if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
2. The tumor early screening intelligent system of claim 1, wherein the spectral intensity characterizing breast characteristics ranges from 200 cm to 1800cm -1 Is a spectral fingerprint region of (c).
3. The tumor early screening intelligent system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the spectral intensity characterizing breast characteristics comprises 495cm -1 (D-mannose), 637cm -1 (amino acid N-ethyl glucose) and 722cm -1 (gland glance sideways at, coenzyme A) three spectral intensities.
4. The tumor prescreening intelligent system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising, prior to extracting spectral intensities characterizing breast characteristics from serum spectral information:
and denoising the serum spectrum information.
5. The intelligent tumor early screening system of claim 4, wherein the serum spectral information is PCA denoised.
6. The intelligent tumor early-screening system according to claim 1, wherein in the preliminary screening module, when any one of breast mass, nipple discharge and breast skin abnormality occurs in the breast, it is preliminarily judged that there is a possibility of foreign matter in the breast.
7. The tumor early-screening intelligent system of claim 6, wherein in the preliminary screening module, the breast tumor is an object movable within the breast and having a diameter less than a set diameter.
8. The tumor early-screening intelligent system according to claim 6, wherein in the preliminary screening module, whether nipple discharge and breast skin abnormalities occur is identified by breast images.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters;
acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information;
extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image;
if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the program:
primarily judging the situation that the breast possibly has foreign matters;
acquiring a hyperspectral image corresponding to a serum image of a doctor who possibly has foreign matters in the breast, and obtaining serum spectrum information;
extracting spectral intensity representing the characteristics of the mammary gland from the serum spectral information, and comparing the spectral intensity with the corresponding spectral intensity in a normal mammary gland hyperspectral image;
if the difference of the spectrum intensity exceeds the set difference threshold range, the breast abnormality is judged.
Priority Applications (1)
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