CN117552767A - Directional instrument, and measuring method and system based on directional instrument - Google Patents
Directional instrument, and measuring method and system based on directional instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN117552767A CN117552767A CN202210939650.7A CN202210939650A CN117552767A CN 117552767 A CN117552767 A CN 117552767A CN 202210939650 A CN202210939650 A CN 202210939650A CN 117552767 A CN117552767 A CN 117552767A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 128
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/26—Storing data down-hole, e.g. in a memory or on a record carrier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direction finder, a measuring method and a measuring system based on the direction finder, and belongs to the technical field of logging while drilling in petroleum industry, wherein the direction finder comprises an acceleration sensor group, a magnetic sensor group, a vibration sensor group and a temperature sensor, and data failure caused by short failure of the sensor group is eliminated through the change value of measured data of the temperature sensor; according to the setting of the vibration sensor group, according to the measured value of the vibration sensor group, eliminating the data failure under the influence of the vibration and impact of the drill bit; finally, failure data caused by rotation of the drill bit is further eliminated through the arrangement of the magnetic sensor group, the accuracy of measuring the well bevel angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle of the orientation instrument is improved, and the device is simple and easy to operate and high in accuracy. The problem of among the prior art because drilling tool vibration, impact and rotatory leading to the orientation appearance in the drilling operation accuracy poor is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of logging while drilling in the petroleum industry, and relates to an orientation instrument, a measurement method and a measurement system based on the orientation instrument.
Background
In petroleum drilling and logging engineering, in order to accurately control and measure the trajectory of a borehole, directional instruments based on three accelerometers and three magnetic sensor structures are generally used to measure engineering parameters of the borehole. The orientation meter needs an acceleration sensor to measure the gravity vector of the earth and a magnetic sensor to measure the magnetic field vector of the earth when measuring the well inclination angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle.
As constructed, the directional tool typically makes real-time measurements in the downhole drilling tool as part of the logging while drilling system. The construction environments such as high temperature, strong vibration, impact and the like in the pit influence the measurement quality of the orientation instrument. The three acceleration sensors and the three magnetic sensors work underground for a long time, measurement data can be temporarily invalid in different temperature sections and vibration environments, and timely maintenance and calibration are needed so as not to influence secondary construction.
Currently, in the logging while drilling industry, the quality of the measurement data of the acceleration sensor is generally monitored according to the total weight force field; the quality of the magnetic sensor measurement data is monitored with the total magnetic field.
However, in the while-drilling operation, vibration, impact and rotation are generated along with the movement of the drilling tool to influence the measurement of the gravity vector of the orientation instrument, so that the accuracy of the measurement data cannot be judged by using the total weight force field monitoring data, the orientation instrument cannot distinguish the environmental influence, and the acceleration sensor and the magnetic sensor group string are temporarily disabled under the influence of the environmental factors, so that the measurement accuracy of the orientation instrument is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of poor accuracy of a direction finder in drilling operation caused by vibration, impact and rotation of a drilling tool in the prior art, and provides the direction finder, a measuring method and a measuring system based on the direction finder, which can eliminate the influence of vibration, impact, rotation and the like generated by a drill bit on the accuracy of an acceleration sensor and the data of the sensor which temporarily fails to influence the measuring result of the direction finder, screen out effective measuring data and improve the accuracy of measurement of a well inclination angle, a magnetic azimuth angle and a tool face angle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a directional instrument, which comprises an acceleration sensor group, a magnetic sensor group, a vibration sensor group, a temperature sensor and a memory, wherein the acceleration sensor group is connected with the magnetic sensor group;
the acceleration sensor group is used for measuring the gravity vector of the borehole;
the magnetic sensor group is used for measuring the magnetic field vector of the borehole;
the vibration sensor group is used for measuring the vibration vector of the well construction drilling tool;
the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the well bore;
the memory is used for receiving and storing the measurement data of the acceleration sensor group, the magnetic sensor group, the vibration sensor group and the temperature sensor and transmitting the measurement data to the upper computer.
Preferably, the acceleration sensor group comprises an acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y And an acceleration sensor G z The acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y And an acceleration sensor G z The measurement axes of (2) are 90 DEG to each other;
the magnetic sensor group comprises a magnetic sensor B x Magnetic sensor B y And magnetic sensor B z The magnetic sensor B x Magnetic sensor B y And magnetic sensor B z The measurement axes of (2) are 90 DEG to each other;
the vibration sensor group comprises a vibration sensor Vibr x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z The vibration sensor Vibr x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z The measurement axes of (2) are 90 DEG to each other;
the direction of the drill axially pointing to the drill bit is used as the Z-axis direction of the orientation instrument, a rectangular coordinate system X, Y and Z are established, and the acceleration sensor G x Magnetic sensor B x And vibration sensor Vibr x The device is arranged along the X-axis direction of a rectangular coordinate system; the acceleration sensor G y Magnetic sensor B y And vibration sensor Vibr y Along the Y-axis direction of the coordinate systemPlacing; the acceleration sensor G z Magnetic sensor B z And vibration sensor Vibr z Along the Z-direction axis of the coordinate system.
Preferably, the acceleration sensor group is a quartz flexible acceleration sensor group or a MEMS acceleration sensor group; the magnetic sensor group is a fluxgate sensor group or a giant magnetoresistance sensor group.
Preferably, the vibration sensor group is a MEMS vibration sensor group; the temperature sensor is an integrated temperature sensor.
The measuring method based on the orientation instrument comprises the following steps:
acquiring and storing measurement data of an acceleration sensor group, a magnetic sensor group, a vibration sensor group and a temperature sensor;
screening effective measurement data of a speed sensor group, a magnetic sensor group and a vibration sensor group according to measurement data of a temperature sensor to be used as first effective data;
according to the measurement data of the vibration sensor group, screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group corresponding to the same moment as second group effective data;
according to the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group, screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group at the same moment to serve as third group effective data;
taking the intersection of the first group of effective data, the second group of effective data and the third group of effective data, and calculating the total magnetic field, the total gravitational field and the magnetic inclination angle of the construction site;
comparing the calculated total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the construction site with the total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the actual construction site to obtain final effective data;
and acquiring the well inclination angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle by utilizing the final effective data.
Preferably, according to the measured data of the temperature sensor, effective measured data of the speed sensor group, the magnetic sensor group and the vibration sensor group are screened, and the specific method as the first effective data is as follows: and removing the measurement data of the speed sensor group, the magnetic sensor group and the vibration sensor group corresponding to the abnormal change data in the measurement data of the temperature sensor according to the measurement data of the temperature sensor in the construction period, wherein the rest data is the first group of effective data.
Preferably, according to the measurement data of the vibration sensor group, effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group corresponding to the same moment are screened, and specific operations as the second group of effective data are as follows: and comparing the measured data of the vibration sensor group and the measured data of the acceleration sensor group at the same time in the same period, and screening out the data with the measured data value of the acceleration sensor group being greater than or equal to the measured data value of the vibration sensor group as second group effective data.
Preferably, the effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group and the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group at the same time are screened according to the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group, and the specific operation as the third group of effective data is as follows: acquiring pulse signals of the magnetic sensor group in unit time according to the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group, and calculating pulse signal periods; calculating the angular speed of the orientation instrument according to the pulse signal period; and screening out the effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group at the corresponding moment when the angular speed is zero, and taking the effective measurement data as third group effective data.
Preferably, taking the intersection of the first set of valid data, the second set of valid data and the third set of valid data, calculating the total magnetic field, the total gravitational field and the magnetic dip angle of the construction site is specifically operative to:
calculating a total force field according to the measured data of the acceleration sensor group in the intersection of the first group of effective data, the second group of effective data and the third group of effective data;
calculating a total magnetic field based on measured data of the magnetic sensor group in an intersection of the first set of effective data, the second set of effective data, and the third set of effective data;
and calculating the magnetic inclination angle according to the measured data of the acceleration sensor group, the measured data of the magnetic sensor group, the calculated total force field and the total magnetic field in the intersection of the first group of effective data, the second group of effective data and the third group of effective data.
The invention also provides a measurement system comprising:
and a data acquisition module: the system is used for acquiring and storing measurement data of an acceleration sensor group, a magnetic sensor group, a vibration sensor group and a temperature sensor;
the first valid data screening module: the method comprises the steps of screening effective measurement data of a speed sensor group, a magnetic sensor group and a vibration sensor group according to measurement data of a temperature sensor to obtain a first group of effective data;
the second valid data screening module: the system is used for screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group corresponding to the same moment according to measurement data of the vibration sensor group to be used as second group effective data;
and a third valid data screening module: the method comprises the steps of screening effective measurement data of an acceleration sensor group and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group at the same moment according to measurement data of the magnetic sensor group, and taking the effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group and the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group at the same moment as third effective data;
the construction site total magnetic field, total weight force field and magnetic inclination angle calculation module: the method comprises the steps of acquiring intersections of a first set of effective data, a second set of effective data and a third set of effective data, and calculating a total magnetic field, a total gravitational field and a magnetic inclination angle of a construction site;
and a final effective data acquisition module: comparing the calculated total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the construction site with the total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the actual construction site to obtain final effective data;
the measurement result acquisition module is used for: and acquiring the well inclination angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle by utilizing the final effective data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an orientation instrument, which comprises an acceleration sensor group, a magnetic sensor group, a vibration sensor group and a temperature sensor; because the difference between the measured data of the acceleration sensor group and the measured data of the magnetic sensor group after failure and the measured data of the normal work of the acceleration sensor group and the magnetic sensor group is smaller, an operator cannot directly judge whether the sensor has short failure or not from the measured data of the acceleration sensor group and the magnetic sensor group, and once the temperature sensor fails, the value change of the temperature sensor is large, so that the operator can easily screen out the failed data. Therefore, the difference between the measured data of the acceleration sensor group and the measured data of the magnetic sensor group after failure can be amplified through the arrangement of the temperature sensor, an operator can indirectly judge whether other sensor groups have transient failure according to the change value of the measured data of the temperature sensor, so that the data failure caused by the transient failure of the sensor groups is eliminated, and the accuracy of the orientation instrument is improved; secondly, the influence of the vibration and the impact on the accuracy of the direction finder during the drilling of the drill bit can be reflected through the arrangement of the vibration sensor, the influence of the vibration and the impact of the drill bit on the acceleration sensor group can be indirectly reflected according to the measurement value of the vibration sensor group, and then the data failure under the influence of the vibration and the impact of the drill bit is eliminated; finally, failure data caused by rotation of the drill bit is further eliminated through the arrangement of the magnetic sensor group, the accuracy of measuring the well bevel angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle of the orientation instrument is improved, and the device is simple and easy to operate and high in accuracy.
The invention provides a measuring method based on the orientation instrument, which screens out a first group of effective data based on the measured data of a temperature sensor; screening out a second group of effective data based on the measured data of the vibration sensor group; screening out a third group of effective data based on the measured data of the magnetic sensor group; finally, the three groups of effective data are combined with a total magnetic field, a total weight force field and a magnetic inclination angle to further screen the effective data, the sensor group is temporarily invalid, measurement data caused by the impact, vibration and rotation of a drill bit are inaccurately started, the sensor group is temporarily invalid, invalid data under the influence of the impact, vibration and rotation of the drill bit are sequentially eliminated, error interference is reduced, and the reliability of the measurement data is improved; the well inclination angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle are obtained by utilizing the finally obtained effective data, and the reliability and the accuracy of the test result are high; the method is simple and feasible, and can effectively solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a measuring system, which can screen effective data layer by setting a data acquisition module, a first effective data screening module, a second effective data screening module, a third effective data screening module, a construction site total magnetic field, a total weight force field and magnetic inclination angle calculation module and a final effective data acquisition module, and can accurately measure well inclination angle, magnetic azimuth angle and tool face angle according to the obtained effective data under the impact, vibration and rotation of a drill bit caused by transient failure of a non-sensor group.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a downhole operating position of the orientation apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the orientation apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a coordinate axial view of the orientation apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a measurement method according to the present invention
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the radial and axial projection relationship of the earth magnetic field in the direction finder.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of rotation measurement of the orientation apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 7 shows a magnetic sensor B according to the present invention x And magnetic sensor B y The data schematic is measured during the rotation period.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a measurement system according to the present invention.
The device comprises a 1-orientation instrument, a 2-upper computer, a 3-drilling tool, a 101-acceleration sensor group, a 102-magnetic sensor group, a 103-vibration sensor group, a 104-temperature sensor and a 105-memory.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or the positional relationship in which the inventive product is conventionally put in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the term "horizontal" if present does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides an orientation apparatus, wherein the orientation apparatus 1 is disposed inside a drilling tool 3 and is electrically or communicatively connected to an upper computer 2, for measuring engineering parameters of a borehole; comprising a memory 105 and an acceleration sensor group 101, a magnetic sensor group 102, a vibration sensor group 103 and a temperature sensor 104 electrically or communicatively connected thereto;
the acceleration sensor group 101 is a quartz flexible acceleration sensor group or a MEMS acceleration sensor group, and is used for measuring the gravity vector of a borehole, and comprises an acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y And an acceleration sensor G z The acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y And an acceleration sensor G z The measuring axes are 90 degrees with each other;
the magnetic sensor set 102 is a fluxgate sensor set or a giant magnetoresistance sensor set, and is used for measuring a magnetic field vector of a borehole, and comprises a magnetic sensor B x Magnetic sensor B y And magnetic sensor B z The magnetic sensor B x Magnetic sensor B y And magnetic sensor B z The measuring axes are 90 degrees with each other;
the vibration sensor group 103 is a MEMS vibration sensor group, the measurement range of the vibration sensor group 103 is far larger than that of the acceleration sensor group 101, preferably the measurement vibration range is-80 g, and the vibration sensor group 103 is used for measuring the vibration vector of the borehole construction drilling tool 3, and the vibration sensor group 102 comprises a vibration sensor Vibr x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z The vibration is transmittedSensor Vibr x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z The measuring axes are 90 degrees with each other;
the temperature sensor 104 is an integrated temperature sensor and is used for measuring the temperature of the orientation instrument, and is in power supply series connection with the acceleration sensor group 101 and the magnetic sensor group 102;
the memory 105 is used for receiving, storing and transmitting data measured by the acceleration sensor group 101, the magnetic sensor group 102, the vibration sensor group 103 and the temperature sensor 104 to the upper computer 2.
The direction of the drill 3 pointing to the drill bit along the axial direction is used as the Z-axis direction of the direction finder 1, a rectangular coordinate system X, Y and Z are established, and then the acceleration sensor G x Magnetic sensor B x And vibration sensor Vibr x The device is arranged along the X-axis direction of a rectangular coordinate system; the acceleration sensor G y Magnetic sensor B y And vibration sensor Vibr y Along the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system; the acceleration sensor G z Magnetic sensor B z And vibration sensor Vibr z Along the Z-direction axis of the coordinate system.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, the invention provides a measuring method based on the orientation instrument, which comprises the following steps:
s1: measurement data of the acceleration sensor group 101, the magnetic sensor group 102, the vibration sensor group 103, and the temperature sensor 104 are acquired and stored:
i.e. acquiring acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y Acceleration sensor G z Magnetic sensor B x Magnetic sensor B y Magnetic sensor B z Vibration sensor Vibr x Vibration sensor Vibr y Vibration sensor Vibr z And measurement data of the temperature sensor are stored in the memory 105.
S2: based on the measurement data of the temperature sensor 104, effective measurement data of the speed sensor group 101, the magnetic sensor group 102, and the vibration sensor group 103 are screened as a first set of effective data:
according to the measured data of the temperature sensor 104 in the construction period, eliminating the abnormal change data in the measured data of the temperature sensor 104, namely, the data with larger value increase and decrease amplitude of the temperature sensor 104 or abnormal display corresponds to the acceleration sensor G at the same moment x Acceleration sensor G y Acceleration sensor G z Magnetic sensor B x Magnetic sensor B y Magnetic sensor B z Vibration sensor Vibr x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z The remaining data is the first set of valid data.
S3: according to the measurement data of the vibration sensor group 103, effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group 101 and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group 102 corresponding to the same time are screened as second group effective data:
vibration sensor Vibr for comparing same period and same time x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z Is a measurement data and acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y And an acceleration sensor G z Screening out the acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y And an acceleration sensor G z Is greater than or equal to the vibration sensor Vibr, respectively x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z As a second set of valid data.
S4: according to the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group 102, effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group 101 and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group 102 at the same time are screened as a third group of effective data:
referring to fig. 5 and 6, the earth magnetic field B is projected as B in the radial direction of the director 1 xy The OX axis is the X axis direction of the direction finder 1, and the angle change of the magnetic sensor group 102 per unit time Δt is SB (Δt) The method for calculating the angular velocity omega of the orientator 1 comprises the following steps:
wherein B is x Is a magnetic sensor B x Measured value of B y Is a magnetic sensor B y Is a measured value of (2); SB is B xy Angle of rotation, SB (Δt) Is the angular change of the magnetic sensor group 102 in a unit time Δt.
In addition, referring to fig. 7, the pulse signal period can be calculated according to the magnetic sensor Bx and the pulse signal of Bxy at a certain time t projected By the magnetic sensor By; the angular velocity ω of the direction finder 1 is calculated from the pulse signal period.
Finally, effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor Gx, the acceleration sensor Gy, and the acceleration sensor Gz at corresponding times are screened out when the angular velocity ω is zero as a third set of effective data.
S5: taking the intersection of the first group of effective data, the second group of effective data and the third group of effective data, and calculating the total magnetic field, the total gravitational field and the magnetic inclination angle of the construction site;
based on the measured data of the acceleration sensor group 101 in the intersection of the first set of effective data, the second set of effective data and the third set of effective data, a total force field is calculated, and the method comprises the following steps:
wherein TGF is total weight force field, G x Is an acceleration sensor G x Measured value of G y Is an acceleration sensor G y Measured value of G z Is an acceleration sensor G z Is a measurement value of (a).
Based on the measured data of the magnetic sensor set 102 in the intersection of the first set of valid data, the second set of valid data, and the third set of valid data, a total magnetic field is calculated by:
wherein TMF is total magnetic field, B x Is a magnetic sensor B x Measured value of B y Is a magnetic sensor B y Measured value of B z Is a magnetic sensor B z Is a measurement value of (a).
Calculating a magnetic tilt angle according to the measured data of the acceleration sensor group 101, the measured data of the magnetic sensor group 102, the calculated total force field and the total magnetic field in the intersection of the first set of effective data, the second set of effective data and the third set of effective data, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
wherein DIP is the magnetic tilt angle.
S6: comparing the calculated total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the construction site with the total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the actual construction site to obtain final effective data; total magnetic field, total gravitational field and inclination angle of the actual construction site.
S7: acquiring a well inclination angle, a magnetic azimuth angle and a tool face angle by utilizing final effective data;
the specific method for obtaining the well inclination angle comprises the following steps:
wherein I is the well inclination angle, G x Is an acceleration sensor G x Measured value of G y Is an acceleration sensor G y Measured value of G z Is an acceleration sensor G z Is a measurement of (2);
the specific method for acquiring the magnetic azimuth angle comprises the following steps:
wherein A is the magnetic azimuth angle, B x Is a magnetic sensor B x Measured value of B y Is a magnetic sensor B y Measured value of B z Is a magnetic sensor B z Is a measurement of (2);
the specific method for acquiring the tool face angle comprises the following steps:
wherein alpha is the toolface angle. All the measurements referred to in (6), (7) and (8) above are measurements in the final valid data.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 8, the present invention provides a measurement system comprising:
and a data acquisition module: the system is used for acquiring and storing measurement data of the acceleration sensor group 101, the magnetic sensor group 102, the vibration sensor group 103 and the temperature sensor 104;
the first valid data screening module: effective measurement data of the speed sensor group 101, the magnetic sensor group 102 and the vibration sensor group 103 are screened as a first group of effective data according to measurement data of the temperature sensor 104;
the second valid data screening module: the method is used for screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group 101 and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group 102 corresponding to the same moment according to measurement data of the vibration sensor group 103 to be used as second group effective data;
and a third valid data screening module: the method is used for screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group 101 and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group 102 at the same moment according to measurement data of the magnetic sensor group 102 to be used as third group effective data;
the construction site total magnetic field, total weight force field and magnetic inclination angle calculation module: the method comprises the steps of acquiring intersections of a first set of effective data, a second set of effective data and a third set of effective data, and calculating a total magnetic field, a total gravitational field and a magnetic inclination angle of a construction site;
and a final effective data acquisition module: the method comprises the steps of comparing a calculated total magnetic field, a total gravitational field and a magnetic inclination angle of a construction site with a calculated total magnetic field, a calculated total gravitational field and a calculated magnetic inclination angle of an actual construction site to obtain final effective data;
the measurement result acquisition module is used for: and acquiring the well inclination angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle by utilizing the final effective data.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An orientation instrument, characterized by comprising an acceleration sensor group (101), a magnetic sensor group (102), a vibration sensor group (103), a temperature sensor (104) and a memory (105);
the acceleration sensor group (101) is used for measuring the gravity vector of the borehole;
the magnetic sensor group (102) is used for measuring a magnetic field vector of a borehole;
the vibration sensor group (103) is used for measuring the vibration vector of the well construction drilling tool (3);
the temperature sensor (104) is for measuring a temperature of the wellbore;
the memory (105) is used for receiving and storing the measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101), the magnetic sensor group (102), the vibration sensor group (103) and the temperature sensor (104) and transmitting the measurement data to the upper computer (2).
2. The orientation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the acceleration sensor group (101) comprises an acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y And an acceleration sensor G z The acceleration sensor G x Acceleration sensor G y And an acceleration sensor G z The measurement axes of (2) are 90 DEG to each other;
the magnetic sensor group (102) comprises a magnetic sensor B x Magnetic sensor B y And magnetic sensor B z The magnetic sensor B x Magnetic sensor B y And magnetic sensor B z The measurement axes of (2) are 90 DEG to each other;
the vibration sensor group (103) comprises a vibration sensor Vibr x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z The vibration sensor Vibr x Vibration sensor Vibr y And vibration sensor Vibr z The measurement axes of (2) are 90 DEG to each other;
the direction of the drill (3) pointing to the drill bit in the axial direction is used as the Z-axis direction of the orientation instrument (1), a rectangular coordinate system X, Y and Z are established, and the acceleration sensor G x Magnetic sensor B x And vibration sensor Vibr x The device is arranged along the X-axis direction of a rectangular coordinate system; the acceleration sensor G y Magnetic sensor B y And vibration sensor Vibr y Along the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system; the acceleration sensor G z Magnetic sensor B z And vibration sensor Vibr z Along the Z-direction axis of the coordinate system.
3. The orientation instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that the acceleration sensor group (101) is a quartz flexible acceleration sensor group or a MEMS acceleration sensor group; the magnetic sensor group (102) is a fluxgate sensor group or a giant magnetoresistance sensor group.
4. A direction finder according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the vibration sensor group (103) is a MEMS vibration sensor group; the temperature sensor (104) is an integrated temperature sensor.
5. A measuring method based on an orientation instrument according to any of the claims 1-4, characterized by the steps of:
acquiring and storing measurement data of an acceleration sensor group (101), a magnetic sensor group (102), a vibration sensor group (103) and a temperature sensor (104);
screening effective measurement data of a speed sensor group (101), a magnetic sensor group (102) and a vibration sensor group (103) according to measurement data of a temperature sensor (104) as a first group of effective data;
screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101) and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102) corresponding to the same moment according to measurement data of the vibration sensor group (103) to be used as second group effective data;
screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101) and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102) at the same moment according to measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102) to be used as third group effective data;
taking the intersection of the first group of effective data, the second group of effective data and the third group of effective data, and calculating the total magnetic field, the total gravitational field and the magnetic inclination angle of the construction site;
comparing the calculated total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the construction site with the total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the actual construction site to obtain final effective data;
and acquiring the well inclination angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle by utilizing the final effective data.
6. The measuring method according to claim 5, wherein the effective measurement data of the speed sensor group (101), the magnetic sensor group (102) and the vibration sensor group (103) are screened based on the measurement data of the temperature sensor (104), and the specific method as the first group of effective data is as follows: and eliminating the measurement data of the speed sensor group (101), the magnetic sensor group (102) and the vibration sensor group (103) at the same moment corresponding to the abnormal change data in the measurement data of the temperature sensor (104) according to the measurement data of the temperature sensor (104) in the construction period, wherein the rest data is the first group of effective data.
7. The measurement method according to claim 5, wherein the effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101) and the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102) corresponding to the same time are screened according to the measurement data of the vibration sensor group (103), and the specific operation as the second group effective data is as follows: comparing the measurement data of the vibration sensor group (103) and the measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101) at the same time in the same period, and screening out the data with the measurement data value of the acceleration sensor group (101) being greater than or equal to the measurement data value of the vibration sensor group (103) as second group effective data.
8. The measurement method according to claim 5, wherein the effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101) and the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102) at the same time are screened according to the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102), and the specific operations as the third group effective data are as follows: according to the measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102), acquiring a pulse signal of the magnetic sensor group (102) in unit time, and calculating a pulse signal period; calculating the angular speed of the orientation instrument (1) according to the pulse signal period; and screening out effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101) at the corresponding moment when the angular speed is zero, and taking the effective measurement data as third effective data.
9. The method of any one of claims 5-8, wherein computing the total magnetic, total force and dip angle of the construction site is performed specifically by taking the intersection of the first, second and third sets of valid data:
calculating a total force field based on the measured data of the acceleration sensor group (101) in the intersection of the first set of effective data, the second set of effective data and the third set of effective data;
calculating a total magnetic field from measured data of the magnetic sensor group (102) in an intersection of the first set of effective data, the second set of effective data, and the third set of effective data;
the magnetic tilt angle is calculated from the measured data of the acceleration sensor group (101), the measured data of the magnetic sensor group (102), the calculated total force field and the total magnetic field in the intersection of the first set of effective data, the second set of effective data and the third set of effective data.
10. A measurement system, comprising:
and a data acquisition module: the system is used for acquiring and storing measurement data of an acceleration sensor group (101), a magnetic sensor group (102), a vibration sensor group (103) and a temperature sensor (104);
the first valid data screening module: effective measurement data of the speed sensor group (101), the magnetic sensor group (102) and the vibration sensor group (103) are screened as a first group of effective data according to measurement data of the temperature sensor (104);
the second valid data screening module: the system is used for screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101) and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102) corresponding to the same moment according to measurement data of the vibration sensor group (103) to be used as second group effective data;
and a third valid data screening module: the method is used for screening effective measurement data of the acceleration sensor group (101) and measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102) at the same moment according to measurement data of the magnetic sensor group (102) to be used as third group effective data;
the construction site total magnetic field, total weight force field and magnetic inclination angle calculation module: the method comprises the steps of acquiring intersections of a first set of effective data, a second set of effective data and a third set of effective data, and calculating a total magnetic field, a total gravitational field and a magnetic inclination angle of a construction site;
and a final effective data acquisition module: comparing the calculated total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the construction site with the total magnetic field, total gravitational field and magnetic inclination angle of the actual construction site to obtain final effective data;
the measurement result acquisition module is used for: and acquiring the well inclination angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the tool face angle by utilizing the final effective data.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210939650.7A CN117552767A (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | Directional instrument, and measuring method and system based on directional instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210939650.7A CN117552767A (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | Directional instrument, and measuring method and system based on directional instrument |
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| CN117552767A true CN117552767A (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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| CN202210939650.7A Pending CN117552767A (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | Directional instrument, and measuring method and system based on directional instrument |
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| CN (1) | CN117552767A (en) |
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