CN117551936A - Fuel cell bipolar plate tungsten-nitrogen-containing high corrosion resistance stainless steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell bipolar plate tungsten-nitrogen-containing high corrosion resistance stainless steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of stainless steel, and discloses a high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for a fuel cell bipolar plate and a preparation method thereof. Based on the prior 316L stainless steel, the Cr content is improved, and W, N is adopted to replace or partially replace Mo. The high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell has stronger passivation capability under the long-time cathode working voltage, smaller corrosion current and better corrosion resistance. The lower corrosion current density indicates less metal ions released by dissolution in the cathode environment operating environment, reducing the deleterious effects of metal ions on the fuel cell membrane electrode and proton exchange membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stainless steel, in particular to a high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for a fuel cell bipolar plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Stainless steel has excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of energy, electric power, chemical industry and the like, and manufacturing materials of bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The corrosion-resistant mechanism of stainless steel is that elements such as Cr on the surface of the stainless steel and oxygen in the air form a layer of extremely thin, compact and well-adhesive passivation film which is used as a protective barrier to isolate a corrosive medium from a substrate; although the metal under the protection of the passivation film still has certain reaction capability, the passivation film has good self-repairing function. However, the fuel cell has a complex operating environment, and it is difficult to ensure the integrity of the passivation film under certain conditions, such as erosion of fluorine ions at high temperature (about 70 ℃), and corrosion may occur. The current stainless steel has poor corrosion resistance under the working condition of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and is easy to corrode and dissolve out metal ions to pollute an electrolyte membrane and generate a passivation film to increase contact resistance, so that the metal bipolar plate is required to be subjected to surface corrosion prevention and conductive treatment. The existing surface modification method is to prepare a corrosion-resistant and conductive coating on the surface of metal, but the surface coating is difficult to avoid local defects, the area has weak protection capability, and the base metal is difficult to protect in the high-temperature strong oxidizing and strong acid solution of the fuel cell, so that the base metal is corroded and dissolved, and the operation and the safety of the fuel cell are seriously affected. Thus, even coated metal substrates require high corrosion resistance requirements.
The prior stainless steel bipolar plate material mainly adopts 316L, has good bipolar plate runner forming capability, but the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel bipolar plate material cannot meet the requirements of the American DOE2025 standard under the working environment of a fuel cell, and the manufacturing cost of the stainless steel bipolar plate material is higher due to the addition of Mo element, so that the low-cost preparation of the stainless steel bipolar plate is greatly limited. Therefore, a novel composition stainless steel is needed to reduce the cost of stainless steel materials on the premise of improving corrosion resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the alloy composition is optimized on the basis of the prior 316L stainless steel, the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel in the working environment of a fuel cell is improved by increasing the Cr content and adopting W, N to replace or partially replace Mo, the corrosion current density of the stainless steel in the working potential of a cathode is reduced, the addition of noble element Mo is reduced, and the preparation cost of bipolar plate materials is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for a bipolar plate of a fuel cell is based on the existing 316L stainless steel, the Cr content is improved, and W, N is adopted to replace or partially replace Mo.
The fuel cell bipolar plate comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.05, cr is 18-30, ni is 5-20, si is less than or equal to 1.5, mn is 0-5.0, cu is less than or equal to 2.0, mo is less than or equal to 3.0, W is 0-1, N is 0-1.5, P is less than or equal to 0.02, S is less than or equal to 0.01, O is less than or equal to 0.001, and the balance is Fe.
Cr is a ferrite forming element, and can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, but the ferrite phase appears at high temperature due to the excessively high addition amount, so that cracking occurs due to uncooled deformation of two phases in the hot rolling process, and therefore, the fuel cell bipolar plate tungsten-nitrogen-containing high corrosion resistance stainless steel comprises the following Cr elements in percentage by mass: 18 to 30 percent; preferably, the mass percentage of Cr element is 20-25.
The W element is an element for enhancing the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel, but excessive W addition promotes sigma phase formation in the stainless steel, so that the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel is reduced, and the mechanical property is also deteriorated, therefore, the tungsten-nitrogen-containing high corrosion resistance stainless steel of the fuel cell bipolar plate comprises the following W elements in percentage by mass: 0 to 1%, preferably, the mass percentage of the W element is 0.1 to 0.8.
N is an austenite forming element, can obviously improve the pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel, has strong solid solution strengthening effect, and considers the subsequent processing forming capability of the stainless steel, the fuel cell bipolar plate tungsten-nitrogen-containing high corrosion resistance stainless steel comprises the following N elements in percentage by mass: 0 to 1.5 percent; preferably, the mass percentage of the N element is 0.1-0.8.
Mo is a ferrite forming element, and the synergistic effect of Mo and Cr in stainless steel can obviously improve the pitting corrosion resistance of the stainless steel, but the excessive addition can lead to precipitation of Laves intermetallic compounds, reduce the plastic forming capability of the stainless steel, and the Mo element is more expensive, and the fuel cell bipolar plate comprises the following tungsten and nitrogen with high corrosion resistance, wherein the mass percentage of the Mo element is as follows: mo is less than or equal to 3.0, preferably Mo is less than 0.1.
A preparation method of a high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for a bipolar plate of a fuel cell comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting and casting;
according to the mass percentage of each element, arc melting or induction melting is adopted to obtain molten steel, nitrogen is stirred and introduced in the melting process, the nitrogen partial pressure is controlled to control the nitrogen content in the alloy, and alloy cast ingots are cast; because the alloy has high requirements on inclusions, the method for producing stainless steel by adopting a converter vacuum oxygen blowing decarburization method and other industrial production methods is not suitable, and the alloy can be prepared by adopting an arc melting or induction melting method. Because the nitrogen content in the alloy is controlled by precisely controlling the partial pressure of nitrogen in the atmosphere, only vacuum or argon protection can be adopted during smelting, and the oxidation burning loss of alloy elements is avoided.
(2) Performing hot deformation cogging processing on the cast ingot;
forging and hot rolling in sequence;
the forging scheme is that an alloy ingot is heated to 1150-1250 ℃, is subjected to heat preservation for 3-5 hours and then is discharged for forging, the initial forging temperature is 1100-1200 ℃, the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 1000 ℃, the forging ratio is more than or equal to 3.0, the extension ratio is more than or equal to 2.0, and the sum of the forging ratio plus the extension ratio is more than or equal to 5.0;
the hot rolling scheme is that the forged alloy ingot is heated to 1100-1250 ℃, is kept for 3-5 hours and is rolled out of a furnace, the initial rolling temperature of the hot rolling is 1100-1200 ℃, the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1000 ℃, and the total hot rolling yield of the plate is more than or equal to 90%;
(3) Performing high-temperature heat treatment;
after hot rolling, annealing treatment is carried out at 1000-1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10-120 minutes, and vacuum or gas protection is adopted during heating; after annealing, water, oil, argon, nitrogen or helium are adopted for rapid cooling; the aim of high temperature heat preservation and rapid cooling is to make corrosion resistant alloy elements Cr, W, N and the like fully solid-solved, and to obtain nearly equiaxial austenite grain structure without intermetallic precipitated phase, thereby reducing segregation and precipitation of corrosion resistant elements and reducing grain boundary corrosion tendency.
(4) Cold deformation;
the cooled sheet material is subjected to cold deformation by adopting cold rolling or deep cold rolling to obtain the size and specification required by the product, and the total deformation of the cold deformation is not less than 80 percent according to the reduction rate.
The temperature of a melting pool for arc melting or induction melting is 1680-1720 ℃; and (3) calming for 5-10 minutes before casting, and casting molten steel under vacuum or argon protection at 1500-1600 ℃.
And (3) performing high-temperature heat treatment, namely performing vacuum heating-gas quenching, continuous heating-water cooling quenching, continuous heating-high-pressure gas quenching, gas protection heating-water quenching or gas protection heating-oil quenching.
W has the advantages of high melting point, high density, high hardness and the like, and is a more emerging stainless steel alloy element. W is a ferrite forming element, and is the same as Mo in the periodic table, and is a group VIB element. Tungsten has one more extra-nuclear electron than molybdenum, and the relative atomic radii of tungsten and molybdenum are not greatly different, so that the action of W in a tissue is similar to that of Mo to a certain extent. W can significantly improve pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and improve stability of the passivation film by forming a stable compound in the passivation film. W is dissolved in the corrosive solution to formAnd->The effect is similar, and the slow-release anion is effective and reacts with other metal cations on the surface of the passivation film to generate complex water-insoluble precipitate, and the complex water-insoluble precipitate is adsorbed at the interface of the stainless steel/the passivation film, so that the dissolution of the metal is inhibited, and the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel is improved.
The addition of N can further improve the corrosion resistance of Cr element, and especially under the synergistic effect of Mo and W elements, the stability and compactness of the passivation film can be improved in the corrosion process, so that the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is improved.
The alloy is prepared in the component range of the stainless steel, the content of main elements such as Cr, ni, W, N in the alloy is controlled according to the performance requirement, and the raw materials of each component are high-purity raw materials, so that the content of nonmetallic and metallic impurities is extremely low, and the purity of impurity elements such as Mn, C, H, O, P, S and the like through the raw materials is ensured.
Compared with Mo element, W, N element has more remarkable effect in improving the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and can achieve remarkable effect even if the addition amount is smaller. Therefore, the invention proposes to increase the Cr content, replace Mo by W, N, and reduce the addition amount of Mo element so as to reduce the cost of stainless steel materials on the premise of improving the corrosion resistance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the current 316L stainless steel cannot meet the corrosion resistance requirement under the working environment of the fuel cell, and the addition of more Mo element obviously increases the preparation cost of the 316L stainless steel bipolar plate, and compared with the Mo element, the W, N element has more obvious effect on improving the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel. Therefore, the invention increases Cr content, adopts W, N to replace Mo, reduces the addition amount of Mo as an alloy element while improving the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel, and reduces the production cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a potentiodynamic polarization curve of examples 1-3 and comparative example 316L;
FIG. 2 is a chart of impedance spectroscopy test Nyquist for examples 1-3 and comparative example 316L;
FIG. 3 shows potentiostatic polarization curves of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 316L.
Detailed Description
The various smelting and casting processes of the present invention are not limited by the examples below, and any modifications and variations within the scope of the invention as claimed are within the scope of the invention. The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to examples and drawings, thereby verifying the advantageous effects of the present invention.
The various smelting and casting processes of the present invention are not limited by the examples below, and any modifications and variations within the scope of the invention as claimed are within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for a bipolar plate of a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is that the high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the fuel cell bipolar plate is prepared by adjusting alloy components based on 316L stainless steel alloy, adding a small amount of strong corrosion resistance elements W and N, further improving the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel in strong acid and strong oxidizing solution, reducing the addition amount of noble alloy element Mo, reducing the production cost and improving the corrosion resistance. The stainless steel comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.05, cr is 18-30, ni is 5-20, si is less than or equal to 1.5, mn is 0-5.0, cu is less than or equal to 2.0, mo is less than or equal to 3.0, W is 0-1, N is 0-1.5, P is less than or equal to 0.02, S is less than or equal to 0.01, O is less than or equal to 0.001, and the balance is Fe. After alloy smelting and casting, high temperature forging and hot rolling thinning, heating to above 1000 deg.c to make corrosion resistant alloy elements Cr, W, N, etc. form solid solution, cooling to room temperature to obtain near equiaxial austenite grain structure without intermetallic precipitate phase and high corrosion resistance.
316L is the American trademark, and 2-3% of Mo element is added to the corresponding China 00Cr17Ni12Mo2, compared with 304 stainless steel, so that the C content is reduced, the pitting corrosion resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance are better, the corrosion resistance requirement of the fuel cell in a severe working environment can not be met, and the production cost is greatly increased due to the addition of noble element Mo.
The fuel cell bipolar plate after the high temperature heat treatment contains tungsten and nitrogen, low cost and high corrosion resistance stainless steel, and electrochemical test is carried out to simulate the working condition of the fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell bipolar plate contains 2ppmF - 0.5mol/L H 2 SO 4 Heating the aqueous solution to 70 ℃ by using a water bath box, and continuously introducing air into the electrolyte at a flow rate of 20 ml/min; the working electrode was first potentiometrized at-1.37 v vs. mse for 5min to remove native oxide film formed in the atmosphere, and all electrochemical measurements were performed when the open circuit potential OCP reached steady state values. Potentiodynamic polarization scanning is carried out at a scanning rate of 2 mV/s; constant potential polarization is carried out under the condition that oxygen is introduced at the voltage of 0.23V vs. MSE close to the working potential of the cathode, the change of corrosion current along with the polarization time is measured, and the polarization time is 4h; electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) testing was performed at 0.23v vs. mse at a frequency range of 0.01Hz to 100kHz with an ac amplitude of 10mV. The self-corrosion current and the self-corrosion potential are obtained by adopting Tafel (Tafel) extrapolation method and are used as the basis for comparing the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
Examples
Selecting high-purity iron rods, metal chromium particles, electrolytic nickel plates, ferrotungsten and high-purity silicon particles, adopting vacuum or argon protection during smelting, and controlling the nitrogen content in the alloy by means of accurately controlling the nitrogen partial pressure in the atmosphere, wherein the mass percentages of the elements of the stainless steel are as follows:
example 1: c=0.017, cr=21, ni=10.35, si=1, mn=0.08, w=0.1, n=0.1, p=0.02, s=0.01, o=0.0013, the balance being Fe;
example 2: c=0.017, cr=23, ni=10.44, si=1, mn=0.08, w=0.2, n=0.4, p=0.02, s=0.01, o=0.0013, the balance being Fe;
example 3: c=0.017, cr=28, ni=10.05, si=1, mn=0.08, w=0.8, n=0.8, p=0.02, s=0.01, o=0.0013, the balance being Fe;
example 4: c=0.017, cr=18.00, ni=10.75, si=1, mn=1.8, w=0.1, n=0.2, p=0.02, s=0.01, o=0.0013, the balance being Fe;
example 5: c=0.017, cr=19.00, ni=10.75, si=1, mn=1.8, w=0.1, n=0.2, p=0.02, s=0.01, o=0.0013, the balance being Fe;
comparative example 1: c=0.017, cr=17.00, ni=10.75, si=1, mn=1.8, w=0.1, n=0.2, p=0.02, s=0.01, o=0.0013, the balance being Fe;
comparative example 2: c=0.017, cr=31, ni=10.05, si=1, mn=0.08, w=0.5, n=0.6, p=0.02, s=0.01, o=0.0013, the balance being Fe;
comparative example 316L: c=0.03, cr=17.80, ni=10.80, si=0.95, mn=1.88, mo=2.01, the balance being Fe;
casting into alloy cast ingots through arc melting or induction melting; smelting is carried out in vacuum or argon protection, and a stirring technology is utilized to uniformly mix the metal solution in the smelting process; casting under vacuum or argon protection to obtain square or round ingot;
heating a casting blank to 1200 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, discharging from a furnace, forging into a forging blank with the size of 100 multiplied by 60 multiplied by 45mm, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1200 ℃, the final forging temperature is 1100 ℃, the forging ratio is 3.0, the extension ratio is 2.0, and the total ratio is 5.0;
heating the forging stock to 1200 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, performing hot rolling and thinning to 4mm, wherein the hot rolling starting temperature is 1200 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 1050 ℃, the total hot rolling reduction of the plate is 90%, and cooling to room temperature after the hot rolling is finished;
the hot rolled plate is subjected to solution quenching at 1050 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30min, no protective gas is needed during heating, and water cooling to room temperature is finished after heat preservation.
The method for testing the corrosion resistance in the embodiment of the invention is as follows.
The solution-treated hot rolled plate is processed into a 10mm multiplied by 2mm sample, the test surface is a 10mm multiplied by 10mm surface, the back surface is polished smooth and then connected by copper wires, the surface to be tested is exposed after the connection is ensured to be packaged by denture base resin, the surface to be tested is polished smooth by 240, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200 and 1500# abrasive paper in sequence, and the surface to be tested is dried after being washed by deionized water and alcohol. The electrolyte is in the range of 2ppmF - 0.5mol/L H 2 SO 4 Heating the aqueous solution to 70 ℃ by adopting a water bath, continuously introducing air in the whole experimental process, and flowingThe amount was 20ml/min. The electrochemical test is carried out by adopting a CS2350M electrochemical workstation, a three-electrode system is adopted, high corrosion resistant stainless steel is used as a working electrode, a Pt sheet is used as a counter electrode, and a saturated Mercurous Sulfate Electrode (MSE) is used as a reference electrode. All experiments were performed 3 times and the average was taken.
Self-corrosion current density I of each example steel was obtained by Tafel extrapolation of the polarization curve corr And self-corrosion potential E corr As shown in Table 1, the self-corrosion potential E of the three example steels under the cathode operating environment of the fuel cell corr -0.838, -0.840, -0.825, -0.833, -0.824V, respectively, self-etching current density I corr 6.28X10 respectively -4 、5.90×10 -4 、1.35×10 -3 、3.05×10 -3 、2.47×10 -3 A/cm 2 Self-corrosion potential E of 316L stainless steel corr Self-etching current Density I at-0.807V corr Is 2.83 multiplied by 10 -3 A/cm 2 . The cathode operating voltage of the fuel cell was 0.23V VS MSE, example steel and 316L stainless steel are in passivation state at the potential, and corrosion current density is 1.6X10 respectively -5 、4.39×10 -6 、6.72×10 -6 、2.85×10 -5 、2.33×10 -5 、2.28×10 -5 A/cm 2 The lower corrosion current density at this potential indicates that the passivation film has relatively good corrosion resistance, the experimental test results for the steels of example 4 and example 5 are similar to those of 316L, and the corrosion resistance is significantly lower than those of the steels of examples 1, 2 and 3. In addition, it can be seen from fig. 2 that the Nyquist curve impedance arc diameters of the steels of examples 1, 2 and 3 are larger, and the corrosion resistance is better.
TABLE 1 potentiodynamic polarization test data
The steels of examples 1, 2 and 3 all had corrosion current densities of < 1X 10 after constant potential polarization for 3200s at the fuel cell cathode operating voltage -6 A/cm 2 Cathodic corrosion current density < 0.4X10 at polarization 14400s -6 A/cm 2 Steels of examples 4 and 5And comparative example 316L cathode corrosion current was still > 1X 10 at constant potential polarization 14400s at fuel cell cathode operating voltage - 6 A/cm 2 . The cathodic corrosion current density of comparative example 1 is significantly higher than that of examples 1 to 5, whereas that of comparative example 2, although the corrosion resistance is excellent, the corrosion potential is also high, but the Cr content is too high, resulting in cracking of the rolled steel sheet at high temperature. The cathodic corrosion current densities of the steels of examples 1, 2 and 3 met the U.S. department of energy DOE2025 standard < 1X 10 -6 A/cm 2 The lower corrosion current density indicates that the example steel has stronger passivation capability, lower corrosion current and better corrosion resistance at long-term cathode operating voltage under the cathode environment operating environment. The lower corrosion current density indicates less metal ions released by dissolution in the cathode environment operating environment, reducing the deleterious effects of metal ions on the fuel cell membrane electrode and proton exchange membrane.
The invention relates to a high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for a bipolar plate of a fuel cell, which can be widely used in the fields of energy, electric power, chemical industry and daily life, in particular to the manufacturing field of bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Therefore, in summary, the tungsten-nitrogen-containing high-corrosion-resistance low-cost stainless steel has better corrosion resistance than the Mo-element-containing 316L stainless steel in the working environment of the fuel cell cathode.
Claims (9)
1. The high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell is characterized in that the high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell is based on the prior 316L stainless steel, improves the Cr content, and adopts W, N to replace or partially replace Mo.
2. The high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.05, cr is 18-30, ni is 5-20, si is less than or equal to 1.5, mn is 0-5.0, cu is less than or equal to 2.0, mo is less than or equal to 3.0, W is 0-1, N is 0-1.5, P is less than or equal to 0.02, S is less than or equal to 0.01, O is less than or equal to 0.001, and the balance is Fe.
3. The high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell comprises the following Cr elements in percentage by mass: cr=20-25.
4. The stainless steel with high tungsten and nitrogen content for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the stainless steel with high tungsten and nitrogen content for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell comprises the following N elements in percentage by mass: n=0.1-0.8.
5. The high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell comprises the following W elements in percentage by mass: w=0.1-0.8.
6. The high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the high corrosion resistance stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell comprises the following Mo elements in percentage by mass: mo is less than 0.1.
7. A method for preparing a high corrosion resistant stainless steel containing tungsten and nitrogen for a bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) Smelting and casting;
according to the mass percentage of each element, arc melting or induction melting is adopted to obtain molten steel, nitrogen is stirred and introduced in the melting process, the nitrogen partial pressure is controlled to control the nitrogen content in the alloy, and alloy cast ingots are cast;
(2) Performing hot deformation cogging processing on the cast ingot;
forging and hot rolling in sequence;
the forging scheme is that an alloy ingot is heated to 1150-1250 ℃, is subjected to heat preservation for 3-5 hours and then is discharged for forging, the initial forging temperature is 1100-1200 ℃, the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 1000 ℃, the forging ratio is more than or equal to 3.0, the extension ratio is more than or equal to 2.0, and the sum of the forging ratio and the extension ratio is more than or equal to 5.0;
the hot rolling scheme is that the forged alloy ingot is heated to 1100-1250 ℃, is kept for 3-5 hours and is rolled out of a furnace, the initial rolling temperature of the hot rolling is 1100-1200 ℃, the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1000 ℃, and the total hot rolling yield of the plate is more than or equal to 90%;
(3) Performing high-temperature heat treatment;
after hot rolling, annealing treatment is carried out at 1000-1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10-120 minutes, and vacuum or gas protection is adopted during heating; after annealing, water, oil, argon, nitrogen or helium are adopted for rapid cooling;
(4) Cold deformation;
the cooled sheet material is subjected to cold deformation by adopting cold rolling or deep cold rolling to obtain the size and specification required by the product, and the total deformation of the cold deformation is not less than 80 percent according to the reduction rate.
8. The method for producing a high corrosion resistant stainless steel for a bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to claim 7, wherein the bath temperature of the arc melting or induction melting is 1680 ℃ to 1720 ℃; and (3) calming for 5-10 minutes before casting, and casting molten steel under vacuum or argon protection at 1500-1600 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the stainless steel with high corrosion resistance for the bipolar plate of the fuel cell according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the step (3) adopts vacuum heating-gas quenching, continuous heating-water cooling quenching, continuous heating-high pressure gas quenching, gas protection heating-water quenching or gas protection heating-oil quenching.
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