CN117547969A - Carbon dioxide capturing system of LNG ship - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide capturing system of LNG ship Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117547969A CN117547969A CN202311452940.XA CN202311452940A CN117547969A CN 117547969 A CN117547969 A CN 117547969A CN 202311452940 A CN202311452940 A CN 202311452940A CN 117547969 A CN117547969 A CN 117547969A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carbon dioxide
- bog
- organic amine
- lng
- absorption tower
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/343—Heat recovery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/80—Organic bases or salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
- B63J2002/125—Heating; Cooling making use of waste energy
Abstract
The BOG gas in the LNG storage cabin sequentially enters an LNG buffer tank through a BOG preheater, a BOG compressor and a BOG aftercooler, and is supplied to a power device; the carbon dioxide waste gas generated by the power device is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorption tower, an organic amine rich solution is formed in the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the organic amine rich solution sequentially passes through the first heat exchanger, the carbon dioxide separation tower and the second heat exchanger, so that the formed high-purity carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide storage cabin. The carbon dioxide separation tower is connected with a heater, and the carbon dioxide separation tower returns to the carbon dioxide absorption tower through a pipeline via the first heater. The system utilizes the cold energy released in the BOG heating process as the fuel to cool the organic amine solution, so that the low-temperature organic amine solution reacts with the carbon dioxide to capture the carbon dioxide, and the high-quality cold energy released in the BOG heating process is effectively utilized to cool the organic amine solution, thereby reducing energy consumption and saving fuel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ship construction and design, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide capturing system of an LNG ship.
Background
The international social environmental awareness is increasingly improved, and the requirements of society on the emission of the shipping world are also continuously improved. The clean fuel liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG for short) is used as the marine fuel, so that the carbon emission of the ship can be greatly reduced; on the other hand, carbon capture technology can be used for carbon dioxide generated during ship operation.
The LNG is stored on board at-163 c with a good insulation around the LNG storage tanks to ensure that the LNG absorbs as little heat as possible from the outside. However, all LNG storage tanks (type a tanks, type B tanks, type C tanks and membrane tanks) cannot completely isolate external heat, and LNG is continuously gasified during storage to produce vaporized natural gas (BOG). The generation of BOG can lead to a constant rise in pressure within the reservoir, leading to serious safety hazards. In particular, LNG carriers, because of their large cargo hold capacity, store LNG in a large volume, and produce a large amount of BOG gas during sailing of the ship. Currently, ships primarily treat BOG by using BOG gas as fuel for power plants (including main engines, generators, and boilers). However, the BOG temperature output from the storage compartment is about-140 ℃, and the fuel temperature of the fuel inlet of the power plant is about 20 ℃, so that the BOG gas needs to be heated to 20 ℃ by steam and the like, and a large amount of heat energy is consumed in the whole heating process, so that serious heat energy waste is caused; on the other hand, BOG is raised to 20 ℃ from-140 ℃, so that high-quality cold energy cannot be effectively utilized, and serious cold energy waste is caused.
In recent years, as shown in fig. 2, in order to capture carbon dioxide on a ship, a carbon dioxide capture system suitable for the ship is developed at home and abroad. The organic amine can react with carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the ship at low temperature, and the formed carbon dioxide+organic amine enrichment liquid can reversely react at high temperature to release carbon dioxide, so that the carbon dioxide capturing system based on the organic amine can consume a large amount of cold energy in the carbon dioxide enrichment process, and a large amount of energy is consumed to refrigerate through the compressor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a carbon dioxide capturing system of an LNG ship, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the BOG gas in the LNG storage cabin sequentially enters an LNG buffer tank through a BOG preheater, a BOG compressor and a BOG aftercooler, and is supplied to a power device; the carbon dioxide waste gas generated by the power device is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorption tower, an organic amine rich solution is formed in the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the organic amine rich solution sequentially passes through the first heat exchanger, the carbon dioxide separation tower and the second heat exchanger, so that the formed high-purity carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide storage cabin.
The carbon dioxide separation tower is connected with a heater, and the carbon dioxide separation tower returns to the carbon dioxide absorption tower through a pipeline via the first heater.
The BOG preheater is connected with the BOG aftercooler and the water glycol unit to form a first loop; the second heat exchanger is connected with the water glycol unit to form a second loop.
In the carbon dioxide capturing system of the LNG ship, further, a low-temperature organic amine solution exists in the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide is combined with the low-temperature organic amine solution to form an organic amine rich solution.
In the carbon dioxide capturing system of the LNG ship, the first heat exchanger is further connected to the water glycol unit to form a third circuit.
In the carbon dioxide capturing system of the LNG ship, further, the temperature of the BOG in the BOG preheater is raised to 15 ℃ by the water glycol.
In the carbon dioxide capturing system of the LNG ship, further, the carbon dioxide absorbing tower is communicated with the atmosphere through a pipeline, and the decarbonized flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a pipeline.
In the carbon dioxide capturing system of the LNG ship, the heater is in circulation connection with the carbon dioxide separation tower.
The carbon dioxide capturing system of the LNG ship further comprises one or more of a ship main engine, a generator and a boiler.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the system utilizes the cold energy released in the BOG heating process as the fuel to cool the organic amine solution, so that the low-temperature organic amine solution reacts with the carbon dioxide to capture the carbon dioxide, and the high-quality cold energy released in the BOG heating process is effectively utilized to cool the organic amine solution, thereby reducing energy consumption and saving fuel.
2. The system utilizes the cold energy released in the BOG heating process as the fuel to cool the captured carbon dioxide, purify the carbon dioxide, store the carbon dioxide, effectively utilize the high-quality cold energy released in the BOG heating process to cool the organic amine solution, reduce the energy consumption and save the fuel.
3. The BOG gas of the system obtains heat in the process of cooling the organic amine solution and the carbon dioxide gas, the temperature is increased, the heat energy consumed in the process of heating to 20 ℃ is reduced, the heat absorbed in the process of cooling the organic amine and the process of cooling the carbon dioxide is effectively utilized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the fuel is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an original system;
the system comprises a 1-LNG storage cabin, a 2-BOG preheater, a 3-BOG compressor, a 4-BOG aftercooler, a 5-water glycol unit, a 6-LNG buffer tank, a 7-power device, an 8-carbon dioxide absorption tower, a 9-first heat exchanger, a 10-heater, an 11-carbon dioxide separation tower, a 12-second heat exchanger and a 13-carbon dioxide storage cabin.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the carbon dioxide capturing system of the LNG ship shown in fig. 1, BOG gas in an LNG storage tank 1 sequentially enters an LNG buffer tank 6 through a BOG preheater 2, a BOG compressor 3 and a BOG aftercooler 4, and is supplied to a power plant 7, wherein the power plant is one or more of a ship host, a generator and a boiler. The carbon dioxide waste gas generated by the power plant is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorption tower 8, an organic amine rich solution is formed in the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the formed high-purity carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide storage cabin 13 through the first heat exchanger 9, the carbon dioxide separation tower 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 in sequence.
A heater 10 is connected to the carbon dioxide separation tower 11, and the carbon dioxide separation tower returns to the carbon dioxide absorption tower through a pipeline via the first heat exchanger 9.
The BOG preheater is connected with the BOG aftercooler and the water glycol unit 5 to form a first loop; the second heat exchanger is connected with the water glycol unit to form a second loop.
The water glycol unit is filled with water glycol solution, and the water glycol solution has good heat conduction performance and serves as a heat conduction medium in the system.
BOG in the storage cabin is heated and pressurized to the temperature and pressure required by the power device of the ship, and is conveyed to the power device for combustion, so that the ship is powered:
and a, the LNG stored in the LNG storage cabin is vaporized into BOG gas due to the heat of the external environment, and the temperature of the BOG gas is about-140 ℃.
BOG is conveyed to a 2BOG preheater through a pipeline, heat exchange is carried out between the BOG preheater and a water glycol unit, the temperature of the water glycol solution is reduced, the temperature of the BOG is increased, and the BOG is heated to about 15 ℃ and is conveyed to a BOG compressor through a pipeline.
And c, pressurizing the BOG gas by the BOG compressor to ensure that the pressure of the BOG gas reaches the combustion required pressure of the power device, and conveying the BOG to a BOG aftercooler through a pipeline.
d. The compression process of the BOG is equivalent to acting on the BOG, so that the temperature of the BOG gas is increased to 50-60 ℃. The BOG gas exchanges heat with the water glycol system in the BOG aftercooler, the temperature of the BOG gas is reduced, and the temperature of the water glycol solution is increased. The BOG gas was cooled to about 20 ℃.
e. BOG gas cooled by the BOG aftercooler is conveyed into the LNG buffer tank through a pipeline to stabilize temperature and pressure, and is conveyed into the power device through the pipeline to be combusted, so that power is provided for the ship.
The captured carbon dioxide is separated and purified and then is conveyed into a carbon dioxide storage cabin for storage.
a. In the process of combusting BOG as fuel, the power plant generates waste gas with carbon dioxide as a main component, and the waste gas is conveyed to the carbon dioxide absorption tower through a pipeline.
b. The carbon dioxide rich flue gas is combined with a low temperature organic amine solution in a carbon dioxide absorber to form an organic amine rich liquid (meaning high carbon dioxide content) and is piped to a carbon dioxide separator. The decarbonized flue gas after absorption is discharged into the atmosphere through a pipeline.
c. The heater heats the low-temperature organic amine solution in the carbon dioxide separation tower to separate the organic amine solution from the carbon dioxide, and separates the low-purity carbon dioxide and the organic amine lean solution (which means that the carbon dioxide content is low).
d. The organic amine lean solution is subjected to heat exchange with the water glycol unit in the first heater, the temperature of the organic amine lean solution is reduced, and the organic amine lean solution is conveyed into the carbon dioxide absorption tower through a pipeline to react with waste gas again, and the process of a-c is repeated.
e. And c, performing heat exchange between the low-purity carbon dioxide separated in the step c and the water glycol unit in a second heater, reducing the temperature of the carbon dioxide, purifying, and increasing the temperature of the water glycol solution.
f. And conveying the purified high-purity carbon dioxide into a carbon dioxide storage cabin for storage.
The system uses the cold energy released in the process of taking BOG as fuel to cool the organic amine solution, so that the low-temperature organic amine solution reacts with carbon dioxide to capture the carbon dioxide.
The system uses the BOG as the cold energy released in the fuel process to cool the captured carbon dioxide, purify the carbon dioxide and store the carbon dioxide.
The BOG gas of the system obtains heat in the process of cooling the organic amine solution and the carbon dioxide gas, the temperature is increased, and the heat energy consumed in the process of heating to 20 ℃ is reduced.
Claims (7)
1. A carbon dioxide capture system for an LNG ship, characterized by: BOG gas in the LNG storage cabin (1) sequentially enters an LNG buffer tank (6) through a BOG preheater (2), a BOG compressor (3) and a BOG aftercooler (4), and is supplied to a power device (7); carbon dioxide waste gas generated by the power device is absorbed by a carbon dioxide absorption tower (8), organic amine rich liquid is formed in the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the organic amine rich liquid sequentially passes through a first heat exchanger (9), a carbon dioxide separation tower (11) and a second heat exchanger (12), so that formed high-purity carbon dioxide enters a carbon dioxide storage cabin (13);
the carbon dioxide separation tower is connected with a heater (10), and returns to the carbon dioxide absorption tower through a pipeline via a first heater;
the BOG preheater is connected with the BOG aftercooler and the water glycol unit (5) to form a first loop; the second heat exchanger is connected with the water glycol unit to form a second loop.
2. A carbon dioxide capture system for an LNG ship according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide absorption tower is provided with a low-temperature organic amine solution, and the waste gas containing carbon dioxide is combined with the low-temperature organic amine solution to form an organic amine rich solution.
3. A carbon dioxide capture system for an LNG ship according to claim 1, wherein: the first heat exchanger is connected with the water glycol unit to form a third loop.
4. A carbon dioxide capture system for an LNG ship according to claim 1, wherein: the BOG in the BOG preheater was warmed to 15 ℃ by water glycol.
5. A carbon dioxide capture system for an LNG ship according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide absorption tower is communicated with the atmosphere through a pipeline, and decarburized flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a pipeline.
6. A carbon dioxide capture system for an LNG ship according to claim 1, wherein: the heater is in circulation connection with the carbon dioxide separation tower.
7. A carbon dioxide capture system for an LNG ship according to claim 1, wherein: the power device is one or more of a ship main engine, a generator and a boiler.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311452940.XA CN117547969A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Carbon dioxide capturing system of LNG ship |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311452940.XA CN117547969A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Carbon dioxide capturing system of LNG ship |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117547969A true CN117547969A (en) | 2024-02-13 |
Family
ID=89822424
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311452940.XA Pending CN117547969A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Carbon dioxide capturing system of LNG ship |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117547969A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-11-03 CN CN202311452940.XA patent/CN117547969A/en active Pending
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