CN117538936A - Rapid detection method and system for shot gather abnormal channel in petroleum geophysical exploration - Google Patents
Rapid detection method and system for shot gather abnormal channel in petroleum geophysical exploration Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick detection method and a quick detection system for a shot-set abnormal channel in petroleum geophysical exploration, which are characterized in that firstly, sample data in shot-set files are collected and read, then the sample data in the groups are grouped by different numbers, then the sample data in the groups are sequenced according to the point numbers, signals on adjacent point numbers in each group are respectively correlated, then the occurrence position of the maximum value of a correlation result in each group is respectively calculated and a first correlation result sequence is obtained, then the first correlation result sequence is subjected to median filtering and is subjected to difference value with the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence, finally, a threshold value is set and the second correlation result sequence is compared, and if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, the first correlation result sequence is obtained; the method has the advantages of scientific and reasonable method, strong applicability, good effect and the like, and is suitable for being widely popularized and used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum geophysical exploration, in particular to a method and a system for rapidly detecting shot gather abnormal channels in petroleum geophysical exploration.
Background
In petroleum geophysical exploration, an excitation shot point forms an excitation signal, a plurality of acquisition nodes receive the signals, and finally, the received signals form a shot set file of each shot according to the geographic position; in the shot set file, the receiving points on the same line show a linear relationship due to the distance between the positions and the first arrival time of different receiving points, namely, the difference value in time approximates a straight line.
At present, when equipment is abnormal in the field, abnormal data channels are generated and are aliased in a normal shot set file, and if the abnormality is extracted, the data quality is checked; the existing method is to judge by means of the first arrival time, but the inspection of the first arrival time is always a difficult problem in the industry, and the inaccurate inspection of the first arrival time can cause incorrect judgment of data; therefore, a method and a system for rapidly detecting the shot gather abnormal channel in petroleum geophysical exploration are needed to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a rapid detection method and a rapid detection system for a shot gather abnormal channel in petroleum geophysical exploration, which have the function of detecting the abnormal channel in the shot gather file by adopting a correlation method, are simple in calculation in the whole process, and meanwhile, can achieve high efficiency by adopting the correlation of a rapid Fourier transformation completion sequence, and have the advantages of scientific and reasonable method, strong applicability, good effect and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method and a system for rapidly detecting a shot gather abnormal channel in petroleum geophysical exploration comprise the following steps,
collecting sample data in a gun set file, reading the sample data, grouping the sample data by using different numbers, and sequencing the sample data in the group according to the point numbers;
step (B), respectively correlating signals on adjacent point numbers in each group until the data in the group are all completed;
step (C), calculating the position of the maximum value of the correlation result in each group respectively to obtain a first correlation result sequence;
step (D), median filtering is carried out on the first correlation result sequence, and a difference value is carried out between the median filtering and the first correlation result sequence, so that a second correlation result sequence is obtained;
step (E), setting a threshold value and comparing the threshold value with a second related result sequence, and if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, determining the point as an abnormal channel;
and (F) counting all abnormal channels and outputting an abnormal result.
The method for rapidly detecting the shot gather abnormal channel in the petroleum geophysical exploration comprises the steps of (A) collecting sample data in shot gather files, reading, grouping by using different numbers, sorting the sample data in the groups according to the point numbers, specifically comprising the following steps of,
the method comprises the steps of (A1) collecting sample data in a shot gather file and reading, wherein each piece of track data in the sample data comprises track head data and sampling data, the track head data consists of 240 bytes, and each track head data contains a line number field and a point number field of the track;
step (A2), grouping by using different numbers, specifically selecting a track, reading the line number, finding a Value by using the line number as a Key Key, and adding the track data, wherein the Value is a List of the track data with the same line number;
and (A3) sequencing the sample data in the group according to the point numbers, specifically traversing the Hash table, and sequencing the List of each piece of track data according to the track point numbers from small to large.
The method for rapidly detecting the shot gather abnormal channel in the petroleum geophysical exploration comprises the following steps of (B) respectively correlating signals on adjacent point numbers in each group until the data in the group are completely finished,
step (B1), for each group of track data, starting from the second, correlating each with the previous signal, as shown in equation (1),
wherein x (n) and y (n) are two signals, wherein the signals are two lane sample data;
step (B2), translating one of the x (n) and y (n) signals, performing inner product operation, and then mapping each l to one r xy Values forming a correlation sequence;
step (B3), if the group has m gathers, m-1 correlation sequences are formed.
The method for rapidly detecting the shot gather abnormal channel in the petroleum geophysical exploration comprises the following steps of (C) respectively calculating the occurrence position of the maximum value of the correlation results in each group to obtain a first correlation result sequence,
step (C1), comparing each related sequence value of each group calculated in the step (B), and finding out the maximum value of the related sequence value and the occurrence position L, wherein the number of the values of the position L is the maximum value;
and (C2) if the group contains m gathers, forming m-1 maximum positions to obtain a first correlation result sequence.
The method for rapidly detecting the shot gather abnormal channel in the petroleum geophysical exploration comprises the following steps of (D) performing median filtering on a first correlation result sequence and performing difference value with the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence,
step (D1), median filtering is carried out on the first correlation result sequence, as shown in a formula (2),
y(i)＝Med[x(i-N),…,x(i),…,x(i+N)](2)
wherein Med is the value of sequencing the 2N+1 points with the length of the signal x (i) and taking the middle position, and y (i) is the median filtering result;
and (D2) making a difference between the median filtering result y (i) and the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence, wherein the median filtering result y (i) is subtracted from the first correlation result.
The foregoing method for rapidly detecting abnormal channels of shot gathers in geophysical prospecting for petroleum includes the steps of (E) setting a threshold value and comparing the threshold value with a second correlation result sequence, if the sequence value is greater than the threshold value, the point is an abnormal channel, specifically comparing the second correlation result of each group with the threshold value point by point, and if i is greater than the threshold value, the i+1st channel gather is abnormal.
The quick detection system for the shot gather abnormal channel in the petroleum geophysical exploration comprises a grouping processing module, a correlation processing module, a maximum value calculation module, a median filtering module, an abnormal channel judging module and an abnormal channel output module, wherein the grouping processing module is used for collecting sample data in a shot gather file, reading the sample data, grouping the sample data by using different numbers, and sequencing the sample data in the group according to the point numbers; the correlation processing module is used for respectively correlating signals on adjacent point numbers in each group until all data in the group are finished; the maximum value calculation module is used for calculating the position of the maximum value of the correlation result in each group respectively to obtain a first correlation result sequence; the median filtering module is used for performing median filtering on the first correlation result sequence and performing a difference value with the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence; the abnormal channel judging module is used for setting a threshold value and comparing the threshold value with a second related result sequence, and if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, the abnormal channel is the abnormal channel; the abnormal channel output module is used for counting all abnormal channels and outputting abnormal results.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention relates to a quick detection method and a quick detection system for a shot-gather abnormal channel in petroleum geophysical exploration, which are characterized in that firstly sample data in a shot-gather file are collected and read, then the sample data in the groups are grouped by different line numbers, then the sample data in the groups are sequenced according to the point numbers, signals on adjacent point numbers in each group are respectively correlated, then the positions of maximum values of correlation results in each group are respectively calculated and a first correlation result sequence is obtained, then the first correlation result sequence is subjected to median filtering and difference value with the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence, finally a threshold value is set and compared with the second correlation result sequence, if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, the point is an abnormal channel, and then all abnormal channels are counted and abnormal results are output.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method and system for rapid detection of shot gather anomaly in petroleum geophysical prospecting;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a shot gather file of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of shot gather anomaly data according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the source firing signal of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method and the system for rapidly detecting the shot gather abnormal channel in the petroleum geophysical prospecting of the invention comprise the following steps,
step (A), collecting sample data in the gun set file, reading, grouping by using different numbers, sorting the sample data in the group according to the point numbers, specifically comprising the following steps,
as shown in fig. 2, the waveform time at the top of the shot gather file is the first arrival time, and the first arrival time on the same line is linear.
The method comprises the steps of (A1) collecting sample data in a shot gather file and reading, wherein each piece of track data in the sample data comprises track head data and sampling data, the track head data consists of 240 bytes, and each track head data contains a line number field and a point number field of the track;
step (A2), grouping by using different numbers, specifically selecting a track, reading the line number, finding a Value by using the line number as a Key Key, and adding the track data, wherein the Value is a List of the track data with the same line number;
step (A3), sorting the sample data in the group according to the point numbers, specifically traversing the Hash table, and sorting the List of each channel data according to the channel point numbers from small to large;
step (B), the signals on the adjacent point numbers in each group are correlated respectively until the data in the group are all completed, the specific steps are as follows,
step (B1), for each group of track data, starting from the second, correlating each with the previous signal, as shown in equation (1),
wherein x (n) and y (n) are two signals, wherein the signals are two lane sample data;
step (B2), translating one of the x (n) and y (n) signals, performing inner product operation, and then mapping each l to one r xy Values forming a correlation sequence;
step (B3), if the group has m gathers, forming m-1 related sequences;
a step (C) of calculating the position of the maximum value of the correlation results in each group to obtain a first correlation result sequence, wherein the specific steps are as follows,
step (C1), comparing each related sequence value of each group calculated in the step (B), and finding out the maximum value of the related sequence value and the occurrence position L, wherein the number of the values of the position L is the maximum value;
step (C2), if the group contains m gathers, forming m-1 maximum positions to obtain a first correlation result sequence;
step (D), median filtering is carried out on the first correlation result sequence, and difference is carried out on the first correlation result sequence and the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence, the specific steps are as follows,
the distances between different point numbers on the same line number are basically equal, so that the arrival time of the same gun is consistent, the arrival time is reflected on the related sequence, and the positions of the maximum values are basically the same; outliers correspond to noise in this sequence of maximum positions, and median filtering is a relatively good method of removing noise.
Step (D1), median filtering is carried out on the first correlation result sequence, as shown in a formula (2),
y(i)＝Med[x(i-N),…,x(i),…,x(i+N)](2)
wherein Med is the value of sequencing the 2N+1 points with the length of the signal x (i) and taking the middle position, and y (i) is the median filtering result;
step (D2), making a difference value between the median filtering result y (i) and the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence, wherein the median filtering result y (i) is subtracted from the first correlation result;
as shown in fig. 3, step (E), setting a threshold value and comparing with a second correlation result sequence, if the sequence value is greater than the threshold value, the point is an abnormal track, specifically comparing the second correlation result of each group with the threshold value point by point, if i is greater than the threshold value, the i+1st track set is abnormal;
and (F) counting all abnormal channels and outputting an abnormal result.
The quick detection system for the shot gather abnormal channel in the petroleum geophysical exploration comprises a grouping processing module, a correlation processing module, a maximum value calculation module, a median filtering module, an abnormal channel judging module and an abnormal channel output module, wherein the grouping processing module is used for collecting sample data in a shot gather file, reading the sample data, grouping the sample data by using different numbers, and sequencing the sample data in the group according to the point numbers;
the correlation processing module is used for respectively correlating signals on adjacent point numbers in each group until all data in the group are finished;
the maximum value calculation module is used for calculating the position of the maximum value of the correlation result in each group respectively to obtain a first correlation result sequence;
the median filtering module is used for performing median filtering on the first correlation result sequence and performing a difference value with the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence;
the abnormal channel judging module is used for setting a threshold value and comparing the threshold value with a second related result sequence, and if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, the abnormal channel is the abnormal channel;
the abnormal channel output module is used for counting all abnormal channels and outputting abnormal results.
In summary, the method and system for rapidly detecting the shot gather abnormal channel in the geophysical prospecting of petroleum provided by the invention have the main principle that the excitation waveforms generated according to the same shot point are consistent, and are similar as a whole although being received by different receiving points to be changed, and the similarity of adjacent receiving points is not more than 20 m, so that the method and system can be used for correlating the adjacent points; the time differences of the correlation results over the same distance are substantially identical, so that the correlation of the signals of adjacent receiving points of a line is approximately identical. The abnormal signal is either uncorrelated in signal or the correlation results are quite different in time, and the data of the abnormal node can be detected by adopting the characteristic. As shown in fig. 4, the signals from the seismic source reaching the nodes 1 and 2 can be regarded as having passed through a delay 1 and a delay 2, and there is a deformer 1 and a deformer 2, and the address configuration is similar for the adjacent nodes, so that the deformer 1 and the deformer 2 are substantially equal, so that there is a great similarity for the signals of the acquisition node 1 and the acquisition node 2, and the signals can be processed by using related detection;
firstly, collecting sample data in a shot set file, reading the sample data, grouping the sample data by using different numbers, sorting the sample data in the groups according to the point numbers, respectively correlating the signals on adjacent point numbers in each group, respectively calculating the occurrence position of the maximum value of correlation results in each group to obtain a first correlation result sequence, then carrying out median filtering on the first correlation result sequence and making a difference value with the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence, finally setting a threshold value, and comparing the second correlation result sequence with the first correlation result sequence, if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, counting the point as an abnormal channel, and then counting all abnormal channels and outputting the abnormal result.
The foregoing has outlined and described the basic principles, features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A rapid detection method for a shot gather abnormal channel in petroleum geophysical exploration is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the steps of,
collecting sample data in a gun set file, reading the sample data, grouping the sample data by using different numbers, and sequencing the sample data in the group according to the point numbers;
step (B), respectively correlating signals on adjacent point numbers in each group until the data in the group are all completed;
step (C), calculating the position of the maximum value of the correlation result in each group respectively to obtain a first correlation result sequence;
step (D), median filtering is carried out on the first correlation result sequence, and a difference value is carried out between the median filtering and the first correlation result sequence, so that a second correlation result sequence is obtained;
step (E), setting a threshold value and comparing the threshold value with a second related result sequence, and if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, determining the point as an abnormal channel;
and (F) counting all abnormal channels and outputting an abnormal result.
2. The rapid detection method for shot gather abnormal channels in petroleum geophysical prospecting according to claim 1, wherein the rapid detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step (A), collecting sample data in the gun set file, reading, grouping by using different numbers, sorting the sample data in the group according to the point numbers, specifically comprising the following steps,
the method comprises the steps of (A1) collecting sample data in a shot gather file and reading, wherein each piece of track data in the sample data comprises track head data and sampling data, the track head data consists of 240 bytes, and each track head data contains a line number field and a point number field of the track;
step (A2), grouping by using different numbers, specifically selecting a track, reading the line number, finding a Value by using the line number as a Key Key, and adding the track data, wherein the Value is a List of the track data with the same line number;
and (A3) sequencing the sample data in the group according to the point numbers, specifically traversing the Hash table, and sequencing the List of each piece of track data according to the track point numbers from small to large.
3. The rapid detection method for shot gather abnormal channels in petroleum geophysical prospecting according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step (B), the signals on the adjacent point numbers in each group are correlated respectively until the data in the group are all completed, the specific steps are as follows,
step (B1), for each group of track data, starting from the second, correlating each with the previous signal, as shown in equation (1),
wherein x (n) and y (n) are two signals, wherein the signals are two lane sample data;
step (B2), translating one of the x (n) and y (n) signals, performing inner product operation, and then mapping each l to one r xy Values forming a correlation sequence;
step (B3), if the group has m gathers, m-1 correlation sequences are formed.
4. The rapid detection method for shot gather abnormal channels in petroleum geophysical prospecting according to claim 3, wherein the rapid detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: a step (C) of calculating the position of the maximum value of the correlation results in each group to obtain a first correlation result sequence, wherein the specific steps are as follows,
step (C1), comparing each related sequence value of each group calculated in the step (B), and finding out the maximum value of the related sequence value and the occurrence position L, wherein the number of the values of the position L is the maximum value;
and (C2) if the group contains m gathers, forming m-1 maximum positions to obtain a first correlation result sequence.
5. The rapid detection method for shot gather abnormal channels in petroleum geophysical prospecting according to claim 4, wherein the rapid detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step (D), median filtering is carried out on the first correlation result sequence, and difference is carried out on the first correlation result sequence and the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence, the specific steps are as follows,
step (D1), median filtering is carried out on the first correlation result sequence, as shown in a formula (2),
y(i)＝Med[x(i-N),…,x(i),…,x(i+N)](2)
wherein Med is the value of sequencing the 2N+1 points with the length of the signal x (i) and taking the middle position, and y (i) is the median filtering result;
and (D2) making a difference between the median filtering result y (i) and the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence, wherein the median filtering result y (i) is subtracted from the first correlation result.
6. The rapid detection method for shot gather abnormal channels in petroleum geophysical prospecting according to claim 5, wherein the rapid detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (E) setting a threshold value and comparing the threshold value with a second correlation result sequence, wherein if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, the point is an abnormal track, specifically, comparing the second correlation result of each group with the threshold value point by point, and if i is larger than the threshold value, the i+1st track set is abnormal.
7. A rapid detection system for shot gather abnormal channels in petroleum geophysical exploration, wherein the system operation process adopts a rapid detection method based on any one of claims 1-6, and the rapid detection system is characterized in that: the system comprises a grouping processing module, a correlation processing module, a maximum value calculation module, a median filtering module, an abnormal channel judging module and an abnormal channel output module, wherein the grouping processing module is used for collecting sample data in a shot set file, reading the sample data, grouping the sample data by using different numbers, and sequencing the sample data in the group according to the point numbers;
the correlation processing module is used for respectively correlating signals on adjacent point numbers in each group until all data in the group are finished;
the maximum value calculation module is used for calculating the position of the maximum value of the correlation result in each group respectively to obtain a first correlation result sequence;
the median filtering module is used for performing median filtering on the first correlation result sequence and performing a difference value with the first correlation result to obtain a second correlation result sequence;
the abnormal channel judging module is used for setting a threshold value and comparing the threshold value with a second related result sequence, and if the sequence value is larger than the threshold value, the abnormal channel is the abnormal channel;
the abnormal channel output module is used for counting all abnormal channels and outputting abnormal results.
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