CN117537363A - Boiler air distribution control method, device and system and boiler system - Google Patents
Boiler air distribution control method, device and system and boiler system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117537363A CN117537363A CN202311716074.0A CN202311716074A CN117537363A CN 117537363 A CN117537363 A CN 117537363A CN 202311716074 A CN202311716074 A CN 202311716074A CN 117537363 A CN117537363 A CN 117537363A
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012821 model calculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
- F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a boiler air distribution control method, device and system and a boiler system, wherein when an adherence air distribution scheme is configured, the oxygen concentration of a water-cooled wall near-wall area of the boiler system is not lower than a preset value, so that in practical application, by acquiring current alkali metal concentration data, a target adherence air distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data is determined from a plurality of adherence air distribution schemes configured in advance, and an adherence air subsystem is controlled to work according to the target adherence air distribution scheme, the possibility of occurrence of the condition that the oxygen concentration of the water-cooled wall near-wall area is lower can be reduced to a certain extent, and the reducing atmosphere of the water-cooled wall near-wall area can be restrained to a certain extent, so that the corrosion degree of gas phase alkali metal to the water-cooled wall is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of control, in particular to a boiler air distribution control method, device and system and a boiler system.
Background
Boiler fuels such as eastern coal, biomass, municipal solid waste, waste alcohol and waste oil of chemical industry and the like used in the current boilers generally contain more alkali metals, such as sodium (Na) and potassium (K), and can be called high-alkali fuels.
When the high alkali fuel is combusted, alkali metal in the high alkali fuel volatilizes into gas phase in combustion flame, and the gas phase alkali metal easily causes high temperature corrosion of the water cooling wall of the boiler, thereby influencing the safety and the high efficiency of the combustion equipment of the boiler.
Therefore, how to reduce corrosion of boiler water walls caused by alkali metal is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present application is provided to provide a method, an apparatus, a system and a boiler system for controlling boiler air distribution, so as to realize the control task of a boiler wall-attached air subsystem and reduce corrosion of a boiler water wall caused by alkali metal.
The specific scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a method for controlling air distribution of a boiler is provided, and the method is applied to a boiler system burning high-alkali fuel, wherein the boiler system comprises a water-cooled wall and a preconfigured wall-attached air subsystem, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring current alkali metal concentration data; wherein the alkali metal concentration data are data collected by a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall;
determining a target adherence wind distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data from a plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes which are pre-configured and respectively correspond to different alkali metal concentration data; the wall-attached air distribution scheme is set according to a control target that enables the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value;
and controlling the wall-attached wind subsystem to work according to the target wall-attached wind distribution scheme.
In a second aspect, a boiler air distribution control device is provided, and the device is applied to a boiler system burning high alkali fuel, wherein the boiler system comprises a water-cooled wall and a preconfigured wall-attached air subsystem, and the device comprises:
an alkali metal concentration acquisition unit configured to acquire current alkali metal concentration data; wherein the alkali metal concentration data are data collected by a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall;
a wind distribution scheme determining unit, configured to determine a target wall-mounted wind distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data from a plurality of wall-mounted wind distribution schemes which are pre-configured and respectively correspond to different alkali metal concentration data; the wall-attached air distribution scheme is set according to a control target that enables the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value;
and the adherence wind control unit is used for controlling the adherence wind subsystem to work according to the target adherence wind distribution scheme.
In a third aspect, a boiler air distribution control system is provided, and is applied to a boiler system for burning high-alkali fuel, wherein the boiler system comprises a water-cooled wall and a preconfigured wall-attached air subsystem; the boiler air distribution control system comprises:
the alkali metal concentration detection system comprises a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall and is used for collecting current alkali metal concentration data;
the boiler air distribution control device comprises a memory and a processor; the memory is used for storing programs; the processor is used for executing the program to realize each step of the boiler air distribution control method.
In a fourth aspect, there is provided a boiler system for combusting a high alkali fuel, the boiler system comprising: the system comprises a water cooling wall, a preconfigured wall-attached wind subsystem and the boiler wind distribution control system.
By means of the technical scheme, when the wall-attached air distribution scheme is configured, the oxygen concentration of the water-cooled wall near-wall area of the boiler system is not lower than the preset value, so that in practical application, the wall-attached air subsystem is controlled to work according to the target wall-attached air distribution scheme matched with the current alkali metal concentration, the possibility of the condition that the oxygen concentration of the water-cooled wall near-wall area is lower can be reduced to a certain extent, the reducing atmosphere of the water-cooled wall near-wall area can be restrained to a certain extent, and the corrosion degree of gas phase alkali metal to the water-cooled wall is reduced.
In addition, this scheme is with alkali metal concentration as the basis of confirming the air distribution scheme, because alkali metal concentration is gathered by the alkali metal concentration sensor of non-contact, therefore the inside high temperature of boiler, flue gas etc. can not cause serious influence to alkali metal concentration sensor, has improved the usability of this application scheme from this.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling air distribution of a boiler according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of an adherent wind subsystem;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a configuration flow of an adhesive air distribution scheme;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a boiler system;
FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic structural view of a boiler system;
FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a process for implementing an air distribution control task to the boiler system shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a boiler air distribution control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The applicant finds that when the high-alkali fuel burns, the release and migration of alkali metal are related to the temperature and the burning atmosphere in the current period, and the burning atmosphere is also a key influence factor of high-temperature corrosion, based on the fact, the high-temperature corrosion phenomenon can be relieved to a certain extent by inhibiting the reducing atmosphere at the water cooling wall of the boiler.
In order to inhibit the reducing atmosphere at the water-cooling wall of the boiler, the applicant proposes that an adherence air nozzle can be additionally arranged on the water-cooling wall of the boiler so as to form a continuous air film on the water-cooling wall of the boiler, thereby relieving the reducing atmosphere in the near-wall area of the water-cooling wall. However, in practical application, because the operation state of the boiler is changed at any time, if the operation state of the boiler is not matched with the current operation state of the boiler, for example, the combustion structure in the boiler may be affected due to the fact that the air quantity is large or the air speed is high, and the corrosion problem of the water-cooled wall may not be effectively improved due to the fact that the air quantity is small or the air speed is low.
In order to solve the problem, the applicant further provides a control scheme for adjusting the wall-attached wind nozzles by monitoring the atmosphere of the water-cooled wall of the boiler in real time. Specifically, a plurality of sampling measuring points are arranged in the combustion area of the boiler, and corresponding sampling equipment is arranged at the sampling measuring points to collect and measure the atmosphere index at the sampling measuring points, such as O 2 The concentration and the CO concentration are used for constructing a boiler water-cooled wall atmosphere real-time monitoring system according to the concentration and the CO concentration; and then adjusting the wall attaching wind nozzle according to the boiler water wall atmosphere data acquired by the monitoring system, so as to provide wall attaching wind corresponding to the current water wall atmosphere.
However, the sampling points are usually located in the areas of the boiler where the combustion is most intense and the temperature is highest, and because the high temperature flue gas usually contains SO 2 High concentration of water vapor and a large amount of fine ash particles are extremely liable to cause the blockage of the pipeline of the sampling device and the damage of the measuring element. To ensure the implementation of the wall-mounted wind control, the sampling device needs to be replaced frequently. Based on this, the above control scheme is difficult to perform normally for a long period of time, and has poor usability.
In order to realize the control of the adherence air and solve the problems, the application provides a boiler air distribution control method, a device and a system and a boiler system.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a boiler air distribution control method according to an embodiment of the present application, which may be applied to a high alkali fuel fired boiler system that may include a water wall and a preconfigured wall-mounted air subsystem.
Referring to fig. 1, the boiler air distribution control method may include the following steps:
step S101, acquiring current alkali metal concentration data.
Wherein the alkali metal concentration data is data detected by a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall so as to determine an alkali metal concentration of a near-wall region of the water-cooled wall. Alternatively, the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor may detect alkali metal concentration using non-contact spontaneous emission spectroscopy. By way of example, a spectroscopic probe for detecting the concentration of alkali metal in the gas phase can be provided, which is simple in structure and has good applicability.
Alternatively, the alkali metal type corresponding to the alkali metal concentration data may be set according to the high alkali fuel composition to be burned. Specifically, since alkali metals in the high alkali fuel for combustion in the boiler system are mainly sodium (Na) and potassium (K), the alkali metal concentration data may include Na concentration data and K concentration data based on this. For example, for eastern coal, the Na concentration in the coal quality is 5 to 10 times the K concentration, based on which the alkali metal concentration data may include only Na concentration data.
Step S102, determining a target attached air distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data from a plurality of preset attached air distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different alkali metal concentration data.
The wall-attached air distribution schemes are set according to a control target that enables the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value. It should be noted that, by adjusting the air distribution scheme of the wall-attached air subsystem, the oxygen concentration of the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall, namely, the atmosphere of the near-wall area, can be changed; by controlling the oxygen concentration of the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value, the reducing atmosphere of the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall can be restrained to a certain extent, so that the corrosion of the water-cooled wall caused by gas phase alkali metal is reduced. Optionally, the preset value may be 1% or more and 2% or less. The preset value may be 1.5% by way of example.
Step S103, controlling the wall-attached wind subsystem to work according to the target wall-attached wind distribution scheme.
Specifically, the above-mentioned wall-attached wind distribution scheme may include wall-attached wind volume and wall-attached wind angle.
In one possible implementation, fig. 2 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an attachment wind subsystem, and, in conjunction with fig. 2, may include: the air box 1, the air quantity adjusting air door 2, the swing angle adjusting device 3 and the adherence air nozzle 4 are connected through pipelines.
Wherein the wall-attached wind nozzle 4 can be arranged on the water-cooled wall 5; the wind source provided by the wind box 1 is sprayed into the water-cooled wall 0 area of the boiler system through the attached wind nozzles 4; the air quantity regulating air door 2 can be used for regulating the opening degree to regulate the air quantity sprayed out of the wall-attached air nozzle, and the regulating opening degree range can be 0-100%; the swing angle control device 3 may be used to adjust the included angle α between the wall-attached wind nozzle 4 and the water wall surface, and the included angle α may be in the range of 30 ° to 90 ° for example.
In addition, the air quantity regulating air door and the swing angle control device in the attached air subsystem can be controlled by a Distributed Control System (DCS), so that the target air quantity and the target position are realized, and the task of controlling the attached air of the boiler system is realized.
According to the boiler air distribution control scheme, when the wall-attached air distribution scheme is configured, the purpose that the oxygen concentration of the water-cooled wall near-wall area of the boiler system is not lower than the preset value is achieved, so that in practical application, the wall-attached air subsystem is controlled to work according to the target wall-attached air distribution scheme matched with the current alkali metal concentration, the possibility that the oxygen concentration of the water-cooled wall near-wall area is lower can be reduced to a certain extent, the reducing atmosphere of the water-cooled wall near-wall area can be restrained to a certain extent, and the corrosion degree of gas phase alkali metal to the water-cooled wall is reduced.
In addition, this scheme is with alkali metal concentration as the basis of confirming the air distribution scheme, because alkali metal concentration is the alkali metal concentration sensor that utilizes non-contact detects, therefore inside high temperature of boiler, flue gas etc. can not cause serious influence to alkali metal concentration sensor for the availability of this application scheme is higher.
The following describes a specific procedure for configuring an adherent wind distribution scheme based on alkali metal concentration in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic configuration flow diagram of an adherent wind distribution scheme, and in conjunction with fig. 3, in some embodiments provided herein, the plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different alkali metal concentration data can be configured according to the following steps:
step S201, a combustion prediction model of the boiler system is established.
The combustion prediction model can simulate the running condition of the boiler system, and particularly can represent the atmosphere concentration distribution condition of the boiler system, so that a basis is provided for configuring an adherence air distribution scheme.
Step S202, configuring an attached air distribution scheme based on the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall.
The oxygen concentration in the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall can be represented by oxygen concentration data of preset measuring points at the water-cooled wall, and the data can be obtained by measuring at a fire hole by a professional in an exemplary manner.
Specifically, step S202 may include steps A-B:
step A, for each set of operation condition parameters in a plurality of sets of operation condition parameters of the preset boiler system, executing the following steps A1 to A3:
and A1, acquiring oxygen concentration data of a preset measuring point at the water-cooled wall corresponding to the operation condition parameter.
It should be noted that, the oxygen concentration data in the first step may be measured; based on the current operation condition parameters and the oxygen concentration data acquired in the first step, the simulation operation condition of the boiler system can be obtained through simulation of the combustion prediction model. The combustion prediction model may provide an oxygen concentration distribution condition of the boiler system, and based on this, when the oxygen concentration of the near-wall area of the water wall is observed to be low according to the combustion prediction model, the air volume and the angle of the near-wall air provided by the near-wall air subsystem may be adjusted to inhibit the reducing atmosphere of the near-wall area of the water wall.
And A2, continuously adjusting the working parameters of the wall-attached wind subsystem until the oxygen concentration of the water wall near-wall area monitored by the combustion prediction model is not lower than the preset value.
Based on the above-mentioned adherence wind subsystem, the operating parameters may include: the opening degree of the air quantity regulating air door and the angle of the swing angle regulating device. Optionally, when adjusting the working parameters of the wall-attached wind subsystem, besides considering a control target that the oxygen concentration of the wall-attached area is not lower than the preset value, the combustion efficiency and the NOx emission can be considered to be optimal. Specifically, the combustion prediction model can be used for observing NOx concentration data of a hearth outlet of the boiler system, the optimal working parameters under the current working conditions can be obtained through comprehensive analysis, the wall-attached wind subsystem is controlled to work according to the optimal working parameters, and the purposes that the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall meets the preset corrosion prevention condition, the oxygen concentration in the boiler meets the preset combustion optimal condition and the NOx concentration of the hearth outlet meets the NOx emission optimal condition can be achieved.
And A3, recording the current working parameters of the adherent wind subsystem as a wind distribution scheme corresponding to the oxygen concentration data.
And B, after a plurality of groups of records are obtained, configuring a plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different oxygen concentration data.
Step S203, configuring an adherent air distribution scheme based on alkali metal concentration.
Specifically, according to a pre-established mapping relationship between the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the alkali metal concentration of the preset position, the plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different oxygen concentration data are converted into the plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different alkali metal concentration data.
When the wall-attached wind distribution scheme is configured, the oxygen concentration is configured according to the direct characterization of the reducing atmosphere of the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall, and then the wall-attached wind distribution scheme is converted according to the mapping relation between the oxygen concentration and the alkali metal concentration, namely, the matching relation between the alkali metal concentration and the working parameters of the wall-attached wind subsystem is established according to different working conditions, and the intelligent targeted treatment of the corrosion problem caused by gas phase alkali metal is sequentially realized.
In some embodiments provided herein, the establishing a combustion prediction model of the boiler system may include the following steps C-F:
and C, acquiring a plurality of groups of historical data.
Wherein the history data may include: the method comprises the steps of operating condition parameters of the boiler system, corresponding oxygen concentration data of preset measuring points and corresponding oxygen concentration data of a plurality of measuring points of a hearth outlet of the boiler system; the oxygen concentration data may be manually measured data.
And D, building a boiler structure model according to the structural parameters of the boiler system.
By way of example, three-dimensional modeling software (e.g., inventor, solidworks, etc.) may be utilized to determine the dimensions of the boiler system, such as the boiler windbox, duct, overgrate air, burner, furnace, etc., according to 1:1 to build the boiler structure model.
And E, on the basis of the boiler structure model, carrying out fluid dynamics simulation according to different operation condition parameters, and establishing an initial prediction model.
Wherein the operating condition parameters may include: unit load, coal quality, coal mill combination mode, secondary air valve opening and the like. For example, the boiler structure model established in step D may be imported into CFD simulation software (ComputationalFluid Dynamics, computational fluid dynamics, CFD), such as ANSYS, and then the equations for heat transfer, flow, pulverized coal combustion, etc. are opened, and an initial prediction model of the boiler system is established according to the parameters of the load, coal quality, coal mill combination mode, air door opening, etc.
And F, correcting the initial prediction model by utilizing the oxygen concentration data of the preset measuring points corresponding to each group of operating condition parameters and the oxygen concentration data of a plurality of corresponding measuring points of the hearth outlet to obtain a combustion prediction model of the boiler system.
The correction can be the correction of parameters such as heat absorption capacity, air quantity and the like, and the combustion prediction model obtained through the step F is more matched with the plurality of groups of historical data and is closer to the actual running condition of the boiler system. Thus, a more accurate distribution of the composition field, velocity field and temperature field of the boiler system may be provided by means of the combustion prediction model.
The combustion prediction model provides the atmosphere concentration distribution condition and the like of the boiler system, and the setting positions of the adherence wind nozzle and the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor can be determined according to the atmosphere concentration distribution condition and the like.
In some embodiments provided herein, the preset positions of the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor are arranged, and the layout positions of the wall-attached wind nozzles in the wall-attached wind subsystem may be: and determining a corrosion-prone area on the water-cooled wall according to the oxygen concentration distribution condition and the temperature distribution condition of the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall provided by the combustion prediction model.
Specifically, the corrosion-prone region may be a region in which the oxygen concentration is lower than a preset oxygen concentration threshold and the temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold. In addition, the CO concentration of the water wall near wall region is also considered, i.e. the perishable region is a region of low oxygen concentration, high CO concentration and high temperature of the near wall region.
By means of the scheme, the adherence wind nozzle is arranged in the water-cooled wall corrosion-prone area, so that the reducing atmosphere at the position can be accurately restrained; by monitoring the alkali metal concentration in the perishable zone, the current wall-mounted wind distribution demand can be timely sensed and responded.
In some embodiments provided herein, the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor may be disposed on the furnace of the water wall and in multiple layers.
In some embodiments provided herein, the wall-attached wind jets in the wall-attached wind subsystem may be disposed on the furnace of the water wall and in multiple layers, each layer being provided with multiple wall-attached wind jets.
By way of example, fig. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a boiler system, and, in combination with fig. 4, the bellows 1 is connected to the air volume dampers 21 to 24, the swing angle adjusting devices 31 to 34, and the adherence air nozzles 41 to 44, respectively, through pipes, and the adherence air nozzles 41 to 44 and the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensors 61 to 64 are disposed on four-sided hearths of the water-cooled wall, respectively; the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensors 61 to 64 may be spectral probes, and may be connected to the monitoring host 7 to output detected alkali metal concentration data.
Alternatively, the specific positions of the adherence wind jets 41 to 44 and the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensors 61 to 64 on the four-sided furnace may be set according to the oxygen concentration distribution condition, the CO concentration distribution condition, and the temperature distribution condition provided by the combustion prediction model, for example, at a midpoint or other positions.
In some embodiments provided herein, the mapping relationship between the oxygen concentration at the preset measurement point and the alkali metal concentration at the preset position may be established according to the following steps:
and performing correlation analysis on the alkali metal concentration and the oxygen concentration according to the alkali metal concentration data of the preset position, the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the atmosphere concentration distribution condition and the temperature distribution condition provided by the combustion prediction model under different working conditions, and fitting to obtain a correlation function of the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the alkali metal concentration of the preset position, which are used for representing the mapping relation.
Fig. 5 illustrates a schematic structure of a boiler system, and fig. 6 illustrates a schematic process of implementing a ventilation control task for the boiler system shown in fig. 5. Next, a process of realizing the air distribution control task of the boiler system will be described with reference to fig. 5 and 6.
Fig. 5 shows an oxygen concentration measuring point 101 in the area of the water-cooled wall 5 and an oxygen concentration measuring point 102 at the outlet of a hearth, oxygen concentration data required by modeling can be manually measured according to a plurality of oxygen concentration measuring points, and meanwhile, operating condition parameters such as unit load, coal quality, coal mill combination mode, secondary air valve air quantity, air temperature, air door opening degree and the like can be obtained through a distributed control system DCS and a test, so that a plurality of sets of historical data are obtained through configuration; then according to structural parameters of the boiler system, such as size parameters of bellows, air duct, secondary air nozzle, burner, hearth and the like, according to the following 1:1, on the basis of which an initial prediction model of the boiler system is built by utilizing numerical simulation calculation, and then model correction is carried out by utilizing oxygen concentration data to obtain a combustion prediction model of the boiler system.
Analyzing the historical operation coal quality and corrosion condition of the boiler system, and determining that the oxygen concentration target limit value of the near-wall area of the water wall is 1.5% by combining operation experience, wherein the control target is set as follows: the oxygen concentration data of the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall is more than or equal to 1.5 percent, so that the high-temperature corrosion is effectively relieved. As shown in connection with fig. 5, the boiler system is provided with several layers of burners 8; according to the operation condition of the boiler system and the calculation results of the combustion prediction model under different working conditions, in the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall 5, an adherent wind nozzle 4 and a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor 6 (such as a spectrum probe) are arranged in the areas with low oxygen concentration, high CO concentration and high temperature, such as the areas with oxygen concentration lower than 1.0%, CO concentration higher than 3% and temperature higher than 1250 ℃, namely the height areas of the upper layer burners in the layers of burners 8 below the overfire wind 9 shown in fig. 5; three layers of wall-attached air nozzles 4 and a plurality of nozzles on each layer are arranged on four hearths of the water-cooled wall 5, and 12 wall-attached air nozzles are arranged in total; the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor 6 (for example, a spectrum probe) is arranged on four-sided hearths of the water-cooled wall 5 in a plurality of layers, each layer is singly arranged, 4 non-contact alkali metal concentration sensors 6 are arranged in total, in addition, the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor 6 (for example, a spectrum probe) can be connected with a monitoring host to provide detected alkali metal concentration data, and the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor 6 (for example, a spectrum probe) and the monitoring host can form an alkali metal online detection system.
Based on the control target, the combustion efficiency, the NOx emission optimization and other principles, the combustion prediction model calculation is performed, the working parameters of the wall-attached wind subsystem are optimized, and the wall-attached wind air distribution scheme based on the oxygen concentration is obtained by determining the opening of the optimal wall-attached wind air quantity adjusting air door and the included angle of the wall-attached wind nozzle under different working conditions.
Then, according to alkali metal concentration data measured by an alkali metal concentration sensor in real time, combining oxygen concentration data of a water-cooled wall near-wall area calculated by a test measurement and a combustion prediction model, constructing an association algorithm of alkali metal release and oxygen concentration, and fitting to obtain an association function of oxygen concentration and gas phase alkali metal concentration; and (3) converting the adherent air distribution scheme according to the method to obtain the optimal opening degree of the adherent air quantity regulating air door and the optimal angle of the swing angle regulating device respectively corresponding to different alkali metal concentrations, and configuring the adherent air distribution scheme based on the alkali metal concentrations.
On the basis of the boiler air distribution scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the matching relation between the alkali metal concentration data and the optimal adherence air distribution scheme (comprising the opening degree of the air quantity regulating air door and the angle of the swing angle regulating device) can be edited into a control strategy which can be identified by the distributed control system DCS. Under the condition that the distributed control system DCS monitors the change of the operation condition parameters, such as the load, coal quality and coal mill combination mode of the boiler system or the change of the opening degree of the secondary air valve, the distributed control system DCS adjusts the opening degree and the swing angle of each air door in the wall-attached air subsystem according to the corresponding target wall-attached air distribution scheme so as to realize the target air quantity and the position, thereby reducing the corrosion of the water-cooled wall caused by alkali metal, realizing intelligent targeted treatment of the corrosion and coking phenomena in the high-alkali fuel combustion process and improving the operation safety and the economical efficiency of the boiler.
The following describes a boiler air distribution control device provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the boiler air distribution control device described below and the boiler air distribution control method described above may be referred to correspondingly.
The embodiment of the application provides a boiler air distribution control device can be applied to the boiler system who fires high alkali fuel, the boiler system can include water-cooled wall and preconfigured adherence wind subsystem, and the device can include:
an alkali metal concentration acquisition unit configured to acquire current alkali metal concentration data; wherein the alkali metal concentration data is data detected by a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall;
a wind distribution scheme determining unit, configured to determine a target wall-mounted wind distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data from a plurality of wall-mounted wind distribution schemes which are pre-configured and respectively correspond to different alkali metal concentration data; the wall-attached air distribution schemes are set according to control targets which enable the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value;
and the adherence wind control unit is used for controlling the adherence wind subsystem to work according to the target adherence wind distribution scheme.
In some embodiments provided herein, the boiler air distribution control device may further include an air distribution scheme configuration unit configured to configure a plurality of adherence air distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different alkali metal concentration data; the process of configuring a plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different alkali metal concentration data by the wind distribution scheme configuration unit may include:
establishing a combustion prediction model of the boiler system; the combustion prediction model can characterize the atmosphere concentration distribution condition of the boiler system;
for each of a plurality of groups of operation condition parameters of a preset boiler system, acquiring oxygen concentration data of preset measuring points at the water-cooling wall corresponding to the operation condition parameters, continuously adjusting the working parameters of the wall-attached wind subsystem until the oxygen concentration of a water-cooling wall near-wall area monitored by the combustion prediction model is not lower than the preset value, and recording the current working parameters of the wall-attached wind subsystem as an air distribution scheme corresponding to the oxygen concentration data; configuring a plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different oxygen concentration data;
and converting the plurality of adherence air distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different oxygen concentration data into the plurality of adherence air distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different alkali concentration data according to a pre-established mapping relation between the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the alkali concentration of the preset position.
In some embodiments provided herein, the process of establishing a combustion prediction model of the boiler system by the air distribution scheme configuration unit may include:
acquiring a plurality of sets of historical data, the historical data comprising: the method comprises the steps of operating condition parameters of the boiler system, corresponding oxygen concentration data of preset measuring points and corresponding oxygen concentration data of a plurality of measuring points of a hearth outlet of the boiler system;
building a boiler structure model according to the structural parameters of the boiler system;
on the basis of the boiler structure model, carrying out fluid dynamics simulation according to different operation condition parameters, and establishing an initial prediction model; the operating condition parameters include: unit load, coal quality, coal mill combination mode and secondary air valve opening;
and correcting the initial prediction model by utilizing the oxygen concentration data of the preset measuring points corresponding to each group of operating condition parameters and the oxygen concentration data of a plurality of measuring points corresponding to the hearth outlet to obtain a combustion prediction model of the boiler system.
In some embodiments provided herein, the preset position and the layout position of the attachment wind spout in the attachment wind subsystem are: and determining a corrosion-prone area on the water-cooled wall according to the oxygen concentration distribution condition and the temperature distribution condition of the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall provided by the combustion prediction model.
In some embodiments provided herein, the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor is disposed on the furnace of the water wall and is disposed in multiple layers.
In some embodiments provided herein, the wall-attached wind jets in the wall-attached wind subsystem are disposed on the hearth of the water wall and are disposed in multiple layers, each layer being provided with a plurality of wall-attached wind jets.
In some embodiments provided herein, the process of establishing, by the air distribution scheme configuration unit, a mapping relationship between the oxygen concentration of the preset measurement point and the alkali metal concentration of the preset position may include:
and performing correlation analysis on the alkali metal concentration and the oxygen concentration according to the alkali metal concentration data of the preset position, the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the atmosphere concentration distribution condition and the temperature distribution condition provided by the combustion prediction model under different working conditions, and fitting to obtain a correlation function of the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the alkali metal concentration of the preset position, which are used for representing the mapping relation.
The boiler air distribution control device provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to boiler air distribution control equipment, such as a terminal with data processing capability: the device can be applied to a boiler system burning high-alkali fuel, and the boiler system can comprise a water cooling wall and a preconfigured wall-attached air subsystem. Alternatively, fig. 7 shows a block diagram of a hardware structure of the boiler air distribution control apparatus, and referring to fig. 7, the hardware structure of the boiler air distribution control apparatus may include: at least one processor 71, at least one communication interface 72, at least one memory 73, and at least one communication bus 74;
in the embodiment of the present application, the number of the processor 71, the communication interface 72, the memory 73 and the communication bus 74 is at least one, and the processor 71, the communication interface 72 and the memory 73 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 74;
processor 71 may be a central processing unit CPU, or a specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention, etc.;
the memory 73 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) or the like, such as at least one magnetic disk memory;
wherein the memory stores a program, the processor is operable to invoke the program stored in the memory, the program operable to:
acquiring current alkali metal concentration data; wherein the alkali metal concentration data is data detected by a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall;
determining a target adherence wind distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data from a plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes which are pre-configured and respectively correspond to different alkali metal concentration data; the wall-attached air distribution schemes are set according to control targets which enable the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value;
and controlling the wall-attached wind subsystem to work according to the target wall-attached wind distribution scheme.
Alternatively, the refinement function and the extension function of the program may be described with reference to the above.
On the basis of the above, the embodiment of the application provides a boiler air distribution control system which can be applied to a boiler system burning high-alkali fuel, wherein the boiler system can comprise a water cooling wall and a preconfigured wall-attached air subsystem.
Wherein, the boiler air distribution control system may include: alkali metal concentration detecting system and above-mentioned boiler air distribution control equipment.
The alkali metal concentration detection system may include a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor disposed at a preset position on the water wall for detecting current alkali metal concentration data.
Optionally, the alkali metal concentration detection system may further include a monitoring host connected to each of the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensors, for collecting alkali metal concentration data and providing the alkali metal concentration data to the boiler air distribution control device.
Alternatively, the location of the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor may be referred to in the description of the boiler air distribution control method section above.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a boiler system that burns a high alkali fuel, which may include: the system comprises a water cooling wall, a preconfigured wall-attached wind subsystem and the boiler wind distribution control system.
Alternatively, reference may be made to the above for further description of the boiler system.
Optionally, the setting position of the wall-attached air nozzle in the wall-attached air subsystem of the boiler system is referred to the description of the boiler air distribution control method.
The embodiment of the application also provides a storage medium, which may store a program adapted to be executed by a processor, the program being configured to:
acquiring current alkali metal concentration data; wherein the alkali metal concentration data is data detected by a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall;
determining a target adherence wind distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data from a plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes which are pre-configured and respectively correspond to different alkali metal concentration data; the wall-attached air distribution schemes are set according to control targets which enable the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value;
controlling the adherence wind subsystem to work according to the target adherence wind distribution scheme; the water cooling wall and the wall-attached air subsystem belong to the same boiler system, and the boiler system uses high-alkali fuel.
Alternatively, the refinement function and the extension function of the program may be described with reference to the above.
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and may be combined according to needs, and the same similar parts may be referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for controlling the air distribution of a boiler, which is characterized by being applied to a boiler system burning high-alkali fuel, wherein the boiler system comprises a water-cooled wall and a preconfigured wall-attached air subsystem, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring current alkali metal concentration data; wherein the alkali metal concentration data is data detected by a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall;
determining a target adherence wind distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data from a plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes which are pre-configured and respectively correspond to different alkali metal concentration data; the wall-attached air distribution schemes are set according to control targets which enable the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value;
and controlling the wall-attached wind subsystem to work according to the target wall-attached wind distribution scheme.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of wall-mounted wind distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different alkali metal concentration data are configured according to the following steps:
establishing a combustion prediction model of the boiler system; the combustion prediction model can characterize the atmosphere concentration distribution condition of the boiler system;
for each of a plurality of groups of operation condition parameters of a preset boiler system, acquiring oxygen concentration data of preset measuring points at the water-cooling wall corresponding to the operation condition parameters, continuously adjusting the working parameters of the wall-attached wind subsystem until the oxygen concentration of a water-cooling wall near-wall area monitored by the combustion prediction model is not lower than the preset value, and recording the current working parameters of the wall-attached wind subsystem as an air distribution scheme corresponding to the oxygen concentration data; configuring a plurality of adherence wind distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different oxygen concentration data;
and converting the plurality of adherence air distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different oxygen concentration data into the plurality of adherence air distribution schemes respectively corresponding to different alkali concentration data according to a pre-established mapping relation between the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the alkali concentration of the preset position.
3. The boiler air distribution control method according to claim 2, wherein establishing a combustion prediction model of the boiler system includes:
acquiring a plurality of sets of historical data, the historical data comprising: the method comprises the steps of operating condition parameters of the boiler system, corresponding oxygen concentration data of preset measuring points and corresponding oxygen concentration data of a plurality of measuring points of a hearth outlet of the boiler system;
building a boiler structure model according to the structural parameters of the boiler system;
on the basis of the boiler structure model, carrying out fluid dynamics simulation according to different operation condition parameters, and establishing an initial prediction model; the operating condition parameters include: unit load, coal quality, coal mill combination mode and secondary air valve opening;
and correcting the initial prediction model by utilizing the oxygen concentration data of the preset measuring points corresponding to each group of operating condition parameters and the oxygen concentration data of a plurality of measuring points corresponding to the hearth outlet to obtain a combustion prediction model of the boiler system.
4. A method of controlling boiler air distribution according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the preset position and the arrangement position of the wall-mounted air nozzles in the wall-mounted air subsystem are: and determining a corrosion-prone area on the water-cooled wall according to the oxygen concentration distribution condition and the temperature distribution condition of the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall provided by the combustion prediction model.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor is disposed on a furnace of the water-cooled wall and is disposed in a plurality of layers.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the wall-attached wind nozzles in the wall-attached wind subsystem are arranged on a hearth of the water-cooled wall, and are arranged in multiple layers, and each layer is provided with a plurality of wall-attached wind nozzles.
7. A method of controlling a boiler air distribution according to any of claims 2 or 3, wherein the mapping between the oxygen concentration at the predetermined measurement point and the alkali metal concentration at the predetermined location is established according to the steps of:
and performing correlation analysis on the alkali metal concentration and the oxygen concentration according to the alkali metal concentration data of the preset position, the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the atmosphere concentration distribution condition and the temperature distribution condition provided by the combustion prediction model under different working conditions, and fitting to obtain a correlation function of the oxygen concentration of the preset measuring point and the alkali metal concentration of the preset position, which are used for representing the mapping relation.
8. The utility model provides a boiler air distribution controlling means, its characterized in that is applied to the boiler system who fires high alkali fuel, the boiler system includes water-cooling wall and preconfigured adherence wind subsystem, and this device includes:
an alkali metal concentration acquisition unit configured to acquire current alkali metal concentration data; wherein the alkali metal concentration data is data detected by a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall;
a wind distribution scheme determining unit, configured to determine a target wall-mounted wind distribution scheme corresponding to the current alkali metal concentration data from a plurality of wall-mounted wind distribution schemes which are pre-configured and respectively correspond to different alkali metal concentration data; the wall-attached air distribution schemes are set according to control targets which enable the oxygen concentration of a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall to be not lower than a preset value;
and the adherence wind control unit is used for controlling the adherence wind subsystem to work according to the target adherence wind distribution scheme.
9. The boiler air distribution control system is characterized by being applied to a boiler system for burning high-alkali fuel, wherein the boiler system comprises a water-cooled wall and a preconfigured wall-attached air subsystem; the boiler air distribution control system comprises:
the alkali metal concentration detection system comprises a non-contact alkali metal concentration sensor arranged at a preset position on the water-cooled wall and is used for detecting current alkali metal concentration data;
the boiler air distribution control device comprises a memory and a processor; the memory is used for storing programs; the processor is configured to execute the program to implement the respective steps of the boiler air distribution control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A boiler system, wherein the boiler system combusts a high alkali fuel, the boiler system comprising: a water wall, a preconfigured wall-mounted wind subsystem and a boiler wind distribution control system according to claim 9.
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