CN117534738A - Seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, vaccine and application thereof - Google Patents
Seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, vaccine and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117534738A CN117534738A CN202311374200.9A CN202311374200A CN117534738A CN 117534738 A CN117534738 A CN 117534738A CN 202311374200 A CN202311374200 A CN 202311374200A CN 117534738 A CN117534738 A CN 117534738A
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- recombinant antigen
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- influenza
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Classifications
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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- C12N15/70—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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- C12N2760/16122—New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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- C12N2760/16134—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biological pharmacy, in particular to a seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, a vaccine and application thereof, wherein the invention obtains influenza virus HA and NA Mosaic recombinant antigen sequences with the greatest diversity which can cover potential T cell epitopes of natural sequences by utilizing a Mosaic design strategy through carrying out data analysis on the amino acid sequences of HA and NA of all human sources H1N1 and H3N2 in the prior known 2009-2021; the influenza virosome HA and NA Mosaic recombinant antigen designed by the invention is formed by assembling short peptides of natural sequences, HAs high antigen coverage rate, is similar to the genetic relationship of vaccine strains and HAs good structural similarity with natural proteins through antigen epitope coverage rate analysis, genetic evolution analysis and space conformation analysis, and HAs the potential of developing into vaccine antigens.
Description
The application is a divisional application of CN 115894636A (the application date is 2022, 07, 15, 2022108401508 and the invention and creation name are a seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen and vaccine and application thereof).
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological pharmacy, in particular to a seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, a vaccine and application thereof.
Background
Influenza Virus (IV), abbreviated as Influenza virus, HAs a large number of subtypes, and HA and NA genes from different sources can be recombined into hundreds of different subtypes of viruses, and a large number of different strains exist in the same subtype, so that the viruses can be transmitted among different hosts. The influenza A virus HA antigen HAs high mutation frequency, and under the immune pressure, the antigen mutation is more frequent, so that the antigen drift and antigen transformation are easy to occur, and the influenza virus can generate immune escape, thereby causing seasonal influenza epidemic and global influenza pandemic.
Vaccination with influenza is the best intervention to prevent influenza, reduce influenza hazard and reduce various complications. Because of the variable variability of influenza viruses, world Health Organization (WHO) predicts and recommends epidemic strains in the southern and northern hemispheres each year, vaccine manufacturers will produce influenza vaccines with this as the vaccine strain, and people also need to vaccinate influenza vaccines each year to match the strains predicted to be epidemic in the current year. If the vaccine is used with strains that do not match those that are prevalent, the protective efficacy can be greatly reduced and result in increased morbidity and mortality of influenza. The development of universal vaccines with a relatively broad spectrum has therefore become a major concern.
Many general influenza vaccine strategies are currently being studied internationally. Viral surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) are the most common targets for vaccines, but their cross-protection is limited. Recent studies have focused on the HA stem region, which is more conserved than the HA head region. HA and NA targets rely on induction of antibody responses to provide protection against IAVs. However, the importance of T cell immune responses has often been ignored in the past influenza vaccine development. T cell immune response is a key factor for resisting virus infection, and has important effect on controlling influenza virus and HIV. There is growing evidence that T cell immunity may be critical for better vaccine cross protection, playing an important role in preventing influenza.
At present, influenza vaccines on the market in China are all traditional chick embryo culture vaccines, including inactivated and attenuated vaccines, and are usually trivalent (type A H1N1, type A H3N2 and a type B) or tetravalent (type A H1N1, type A H3N2, type B Yamagata and type B Victoria) vaccines. These vaccines on the one hand only elicit systemic humoral responses and on the other hand have limited protection against emerging strains. Based on the diversity of influenza viruses and frequent mutation of antigens, it is a very ideal choice to develop a universal vaccine that can resist multiple subtypes of influenza viruses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, a vaccine and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, which is:
(a) An antigen consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 3; or,
(b) An antigen in which the amino acid sequence in (a) is substituted, deleted or added with one or more amino acids.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, the coverage rate of Th cell epitopes of the Mosaic recombinant antigen is more than 81% compared with the coverage rate of Th cell epitopes on the natural HA protein of influenza virus; the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen has a Th cell epitope coverage rate of more than 84% compared with the Th cell epitope on the natural NA protein of the influenza virus.
The mosaics recombinant antigens of the present application are those that produce a small amount of "Mosaic" sequences on the native HA protein or NA protein sequence, such that they contain the greatest diversity of potential T cell epitopes from the native protein sequence. The "mosaic" proteins produced optimally are assembled from fragments of the native protein using genetic algorithms (computational optimization methods) with abundant T cell epitopes. Through simulation prediction of a three-dimensional structure model of the Mosaic recombinant antigen, the Mosaic recombinant antigen obtained through screening has higher structural similarity with natural proteins, and has potential of developing into vaccine antigens.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen of the invention, the HA protein comprises H1 protein or H3 protein, and the NA protein comprises N1 protein or N2 protein.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen of the invention, more than 81% of 12 amino acids of Th cell epitopes of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are completely matched with 12 amino acids of Th cell epitopes on the natural H1 protein or H3 protein of influenza virus.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, more than 11 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are completely matched with 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural H1 protein or H3 protein of influenza virus.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen of the invention, more than 99% of 10 amino acids of Th cell epitopes of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are completely matched with 12 amino acids of Th cell epitopes of natural H1 protein or H3 protein of influenza virus.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen of the invention, more than 84% of 12 amino acids of Th cell epitopes of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are completely matched with 12 amino acids of Th cell epitopes on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of influenza virus.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, more than 11 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are completely matched with 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of influenza virus.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, more than 10 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are completely matched with 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of influenza virus.
Experiments of protein biological functions prove that the Mosaic recombinant antigen with the amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID No. 1 can generate 2 6 The Mosaic recombinant antigen with the amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID No. 2 can generate 2 7 Is a blood coagulation potency of (2).
The Mosaic recombinant antigen of the invention has binding capacity to sialic acid a2, 3-galactose receptor and sialic acid a2, 6-galactose receptor, and has a significant difference (P is less than or equal to 0.01) compared with PBS group, wherein the binding capacity to a2, 6-galactose receptor is stronger.
As a preferred embodiment of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, the Mosaic recombinant antigen is further added with gp67 signal peptide, thrombin cleavage site and 8 XHis tag, and the HA or NA original signal peptide is removed; adding a GCN4pII sequence to the HA protein and a VASP sequence to the NA protein;
the amino acid sequence of the gp67 signal peptide is as follows: MLLVNQSHQGFNKEHTSKMVSAIVLYVLLAAAAHSAFAAD;
the GCN4pII sequence is MKQIEDKIEEILSKIYHIENEIARIKKLIGEV;
the VASP sequence is SSSDYSDLQRVKQELLEEVKKELQKVKEEIIEAFVQELRKRG.
The invention also provides a gene for encoding the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen.
The method optimizes the gene of the treated Mosaic recombinant antigen, and carries out gene modification according to codon preference of insect cells to obtain the optimized gene.
As a preferred embodiment of the gene of the present invention, the sequence of the gene is shown in SEQ ID No. 7.
The invention also provides a vector containing the gene.
As a preferred embodiment of the vector of the present invention, the vector is obtained by ligating the gene into a plasmid. The plasmid is preferably pFastBac-Dual.
The invention also provides a cell comprising said gene or said vector.
As a preferred embodiment of the cell of the present invention, the cell is obtained by transferring a gene or vector into an E.coli host cell.
In addition, the invention provides an application of the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen in preparing a seasonal influenza A universal vaccine.
The invention provides a vaccine preparation, which comprises the seasonal influenza A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen, the gene and the vector.
As a preferred embodiment of the vaccine formulation according to the invention, the vaccine formulation further comprises an immunologically and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or adjuvant. The adjuvant comprises one or more of aluminum adjuvant, freund's adjuvant, aluminum phosphate, calcium phosphate, paraffin oil, lanolin, surfactant, calcium alginate, polynucleotide, muramyl peptide, saponin, RIBI adjuvant system, cholera toxin, polymer of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, water-in-oil emulsion, and oil-in-water emulsion.
The invention also provides application of the vaccine preparation in preparation of medicines for preventing and/or treating seasonal influenza A.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, through carrying out data analysis on the amino acid sequences of HA and NA of all human sources H1N1 and H3N2 in 2009-2021, the maximum diversity influenza virus HA and NA Mosaic recombinant antigen sequences which can cover potential T cell epitopes of a natural sequence are obtained by utilizing a Mosaic design strategy;
(2) The influenza virosome HA and NA Mosaic recombinant antigen designed by the invention is formed by assembling short peptides of natural sequences, HAs high antigen coverage rate, is similar to the genetic relationship of vaccine strains and HAs good structural similarity with natural proteins through antigen epitope coverage rate analysis, genetic evolution analysis and space conformation analysis, and HAs the potential of developing into vaccine antigens.
(3) The influenza virosome HA and the constructed Mosaic recombinant protein have potential application prospect and value in the aspect of developing influenza virus general vaccine, and the T cell immune response of the antigen is expected to become an important consideration direction for developing influenza vaccine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of average epitope coverage of H1m recombinant sequences for HA amino acid sequences of all human H1N1 in 2009-2021;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of average epitope coverage of H3m recombinant sequences for HA amino acid sequences of all human H3N2 in 2009-2021;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of average antigen epitope coverage of N1m recombinant sequences for NA amino acid sequences of all human H1N1 in 2009-2021;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing average antigen epitope coverage of N2m recombinant sequences for NA amino acid sequences of all human H3N2 in 2009-2021;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of epitope coverage per amino acid of H1m recombination sequences;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of epitope coverage per amino acid of H3m recombination sequences;
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of epitope coverage per amino acid for an N1m recombination sequence;
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of epitope coverage per amino acid for N2m recombination sequences;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the epitope deletion rate of H1m recombinant sequences;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the epitope deletion rate of H3m recombinant sequences;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the epitope deletion rate of N1m recombinant sequences;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the epitope deletion rate of N2m recombinant sequences;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of genetic evolution analysis of H1m recombinant sequences;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of genetic evolution analysis of H3m recombinant sequences;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of genetic evolution analysis of N1m recombinant sequences;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of genetic evolution analysis of N2m recombinant sequences;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structural model of a mosaics recombinant antigen;
FIG. 18 is a graph of Western Blot results of baculovirus system expression of the Mosaic recombinant protein;
FIG. 19 is a graph showing the results of Coomassie brilliant blue staining of a Mosaic recombinant protein eluate;
FIG. 20 is a graph showing the results of a hemagglutination assay of a Mosaic recombinant protein;
FIG. 21 is a graph showing the results of a sugar receptor binding assay for a mosaics recombinant protein;
FIG. 22 is a graph showing the results of neuraminidase activity assay for the Mosaic recombinant protein;
FIG. 23 is a graph showing experimental results of the hemagglutination inhibition animal of the Mosaic recombinant protein;
FIG. 24 is a graph showing the results of animal experiments with neuraminidase inhibition by the Mosaic recombinant protein.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In the following examples, the experimental methods used are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents, etc. used are commercially available.
The influenza virus HA and NA proteins play an important role in virus invasion and release, are strong in immunogenicity, and can induce strong specific antibodies and T cell responses. The mosaics vaccine was designed primarily for viruses with varying antigenic epitopes, with the goal of using the native sequence to generate a small number of "Mosaic" sequences that contain the greatest diversity of potential T cell epitopes from the native sequence. The "mosaic" proteins produced by optimization are assembled from fragments of the native protein using genetic algorithms (computational optimization methods) similar to those from the native viral proteins and have abundant T cell epitopes and thus can be used as antigens for candidate vaccine design.
Example 1 construction of a seasonal influenza A Universal Mosaic recombinant antigen
1. Designing and optimizing a general Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence:
1) The GISAID and NCBI database are utilized to download the amino acid sequences of HA and NA of H1N1 and H3N2 of all human sources in 2009-2021, and 7609H 1 amino acid sequences, 9262 amino acid H3 sequences, 8590N 1 amino acid sequences and 9942 amino acid N2 sequences are obtained after repeated sequences and sequences with poor quality are removed.
2) Uploading the processed amino acid sequence to a Mosaic Vaccine Designer program in FAS format, and setting the following parameters: the Cocktail Size is set to "1" to obtain 1 mosaics sequence for the next step; epitope length was set to "12" to obtain coverage of more CD4 + A Mosaic sequence of a Th cell epitope; the threshold is set to "3" to reduce the number of rare epitopes that are rare and occur a low number of times in the natural epitope; after the genetic algorithm operation, a series of amino groups of 12 are finally obtainedAnd a Mosaic sequence assembled by short peptides composed of acids. Each population was then optimized in turn using a genetic algorithm, wherein new recombinants were generated and their epitope coverage was tested by calculation, resulting in 4 mosaics of recombinant antigen sequences (shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1-4).
2. Screening and identification of universal Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence
And (3) carrying out epitope coverage analysis, genetic evolution analysis and space conformation analysis on the obtained Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence.
1) Epitope coverage of the mosaics protein was assessed using Epitope Coverage Assessment Tool (epicap). The Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence was first added as an antigenic protein to the corresponding position. Meanwhile, the amino acid sequence of the complete strain which is previously compared with the NCBI in the GISAID and NCBI download analysis is set as a test protein set and is also added to the corresponding position. The epitope length was set to 12, the maximum amino acid mismatch number was set to 2, and the final result was expressed as the average of the calculated epitope coverage of the mosaics recombinant antigen sequence over all background protein sets.
As shown in Table 1, more than 81% of the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence (designated H1m or H3 m) were perfectly matched (12/12 matches) to the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the native H1 protein or H3 protein of influenza A, more than 96% of the 11 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence were perfectly matched (11/12 matches) to the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the native H1 protein or H3 protein of influenza A, and more than 99% of the 10 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence were perfectly matched (10/12 matches) to the 12 amino acids of the Th epitope of the native H1 protein or H3 protein of influenza A.
More than 84% of the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are perfectly matched (12/12 matches) with the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of influenza virus, more than 11 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are perfectly matched (11/12 matches) with the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of influenza virus, more than 10 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are perfectly matched (10/12 matches) with the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of influenza virus in the Mosaic recombinant antigen sequences (designated N1m or N2 m).
The average coverage of the Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence for the whole epitope is shown in FIGS. 1-4. The Mosaic recombinant antigen sequences were HAm and NAm.
TABLE 1
| Mosaic recombinant antigen | Number of natural sequences | Off-by-0 | Off-by-1 | Off-by-2 |
| H1m | 7609 | 88.27％ | 98.27％ | 99.61％ |
| H3m | 9262 | 81.82％ | 96.81％ | 99.26％ |
| N1m | 8590 | 84.47％ | 96.16％ | 98.48％ |
| N2m | 9942 | 84.84％ | 97.69％ | 99.73％ |
2) Epitope coverage at each amino acid of the Mosaic recombinant antigen was analyzed using Positional Epitope Coverage Assessment Tool (Posicover). Firstly, adding a Mosaic recombinant antigen as an antigen protein to a corresponding position, and simultaneously setting the strain amino acid sequence which is well compared with NCBI in the download analysis before GISAID and NCBI as a test protein set, and also adding the strain amino acid sequence to the corresponding position. The epitope length was set to 12 and the final results were expressed as average epitope coverage. The epitope coverage ratio of each amino acid of the Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence is schematically shown in figures 5-8; the schematic diagrams of the epitope deletion rate of the Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence are shown in figures 9-12, the epitope coverage rate of the Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence is higher, and the deletion rate of the 12mer is lower as a whole.
3) And selecting HA and NA genes, HAm and NAm of the 2009-2022 seasonal influenza A virus vaccine strain for genetic evolution analysis, and drawing an evolutionary tree of the HA and NA genes after statistical analysis by using a maximum likelihood method. The genetic evolution analysis schematic of the sequences of the Mosaic recombinant antigens is shown in figures 13-16, the relatedness of the Mosaic recombinant antigens and various vaccine strains is relatively close, and the potential of the designed Mosaic recombinant antigens as vaccine antigens is demonstrated.
4) And evaluating the natural immune function of the Mosaic recombinant antigen by simulating and predicting a three-dimensional structure model of the Mosaic recombinant antigen. As shown in fig. 17 (fig. 17-a is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional structure model simulation of H1m recombinant antigen, fig. 17-B is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional structure model simulation of H3m recombinant antigen, fig. 17-C is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional structure model simulation of a/Puerto Rico/8/1934 strain HA protein, fig. 17-D is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional structure model simulation of N1m recombinant antigen, fig. 17-E is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional structure model simulation of N2m recombinant antigen, fig. 17-F is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional structure model simulation of a/aici/2/1968 strain NA egg), and Global Model Quality Estimate (QMQE) scores of the 4 kinds of mosaicic recombinant antigen and its natural protein are respectively: 0.74 part of H1m protein, 0.78 part of H3m protein and 0.80 part of HA protein; n1m protein 0.81, N2m protein 0.78 and NA protein 0.79, which shows that the Mosaic recombinant antigen has higher structural similarity with the natural protein.
3. Gene optimization and synthesis of universal Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence
The designed amino acid sequences of the 4 Mosaic recombinant antigens H1m, H3m, N1m and N2m are further removed from the original HA and NA signal peptides, gp67 signal peptide (MLLVNQSHQGFNKEHTSKMVSAIVLYVLLAAAAHSAFAAD) is added, and GCN4pII sequence (MKQIEDKIEEILSKIYHIENEIARIKKLIGEV) is added to the HA protein sequence; a VASP sequence (SSSDYSDLQRVKQELLEEVKKELQKVKEEIIEAFVQELRKRG) was added to the NA protein sequence followed by the co-addition of thrombin cleavage site (LVPRGS) with 8 XHis tag (HHHHHH). Optimizing the coding gene of the treated Mosaic recombinant antigen sequence, and carrying out genetic modification according to the codon preference of insect cells to obtain an optimized gene sequence (shown as SEQ ID NO. 5-8).
Example 2 expression of Mosaic recombinant protein
This example uses Invitrogen Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system to express the desired protein.
1. Construction of baculovirus recombinant plasmid:
the coding genes of the Mosaic recombinant antigens H1m, H3m, N1m and N2m and the gene of the pFastBac-Dual vector are subjected to multiple cloning site analysis, two restriction enzyme sites (EcoRI, hindIII) which are provided on the pFastBac-Dual vector and are not provided on the target fragment are selected, the target fragment is amplified, digested and recovered, the target fragment is inserted into the multiple cloning site after the pH promoter of the pFastBac-Dual vector, and the recombinant plasmid containing the H1m, H3m, N1m and N2m antigens is obtained after the transformation of E.coli DH5 alpha competent cells.
2. Extraction of baculovirus recombinant shuttle plasmid (bacmid):
transforming the recombinant plasmid obtained in the step 1 by using escherichia coli DH10Bac competent cells, screening by using blue white spots, culturing overnight in LB containing kanamycin (50 mug/mL), tetracycline (10 mug/mL) and gentamicin (7 mug/mL), and extracting bacmid (purchased from Biyun, product number D0031) to obtain the recombinant baculovirus shuttle plasmid containing the H1m, H3m, N1m and N2m antigens.
3. Bacmid cell transfection and protein expression:
and (3) respectively transfecting the Bacmid and empty stem particles (serving as blank control) in the step (2) into sf9 insect cells, and carrying out shaking culture at the constant temperature of 27 ℃ for 72 hours to obtain the P0 generation recombinant baculovirus. After inoculation of sf9 insect cells according to moi=3, P1 generation recombinant baculovirus was obtained, and protein expression of interest in the cell supernatant was detected using Western immunoblotting (Western Blot, WB) as shown in fig. 18 (fig. 18-a is a Western Blot result of H1M recombinant protein, fig. 18-B is a Western Blot result of H3M recombinant protein, fig. 18-C is a Western Blot result of N1M recombinant protein, fig. 18-D is a Western Blot result of N2M recombinant protein, fig. 18, 1 represents cell supernatant of P1 generation recombinant baculovirus, 2 represents cell supernatant of P2 generation recombinant baculovirus, 3 represents cell lysate of P2 generation recombinant baculovirus, 4 represents blank control, and M is protein ladder).
4. Continuous transmission expansion culture:
after successful recombinant protein expression identification, the cell death rate was observed daily, when the cell death rate of the P1 culture was greater than 90%, sf9 insect cells were inoculated for two consecutive passages according to moi=3 to obtain P3-generation recombinant baculovirus, when the cell death rate of the P3-generation culture was about 50%, centrifugation was carried out at 3000×g for 30min at 4 ℃, the pellet was discarded, and the supernatant was collected.
5. Protein concentration and protein purification:
concentrating the supernatant obtained in the step 4 by using a vivaflow200 membrane package, using PBS to obtain 100mL of concentrated solution after three times of replacement, centrifuging at 10000rpm for 10min at 4 ℃, collecting the supernatant, filtering the supernatant by using a 0.22 mu M filter membrane, placing the liquid at 4 ℃, and using a micro peristaltic pump to enable the liquid to flow through a nickel affinity column until the liquid is completely filtered by the column at a flow rate of 5mL/min, wherein the protein is combined in the nickel affinity column. And (3) performing affinity chromatography by using an AKTA protein purification system, firstly removing an original column at a column position 1, enabling a column position valve to flow into a pipeline 1A, and plugging a connector at a joint of two lines of which the outflow pipeline is 1B to replace a Buffer in the system. After Buffer replacement, the nickel affinity column was inserted into column 1, and continuous concentration gradient elution was started using phosphate equilibration Buffer containing 5mM imidazole and phosphate elution Buffer containing 500mM imidazole, and the eluate was collected.
Selecting eluate containing target protein from the eluate according to ultraviolet absorption peak diagram after elution, performing SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, and concentrating by ultrafiltration tube to 0.5mL, centrifuging 13000 Xg concentrate for 10min, collecting supernatant, and quick freezing at-80deg.C.
EXAMPLE 3 verification experiments of biological function of Mosaic recombinant protein
1. And (3) verification of hemagglutination activity:
hemagglutination assay of 1% guinea pig erythrocytes was performed on the hemagglutination titer of the purified Mosaic recombinant protein and the cell culture supernatant of the blank control: 50 mu L of PBS is added into each of 2-12 columns of 96-well blood clotting plates, 50 mu L of purified Mosaic recombinant protein and a control sample are respectively added into 1 column of 96-well blood clotting plates, 50 mu L of purified Mosaic recombinant protein and a control sample are added into 2 column after being blown and mixed uniformly, 50 mu L of purified Mosaic recombinant protein and a control sample are added into 3 column after being blown and mixed uniformly again, and the mixture is subjected to multiple dilution in sequence until 50 mu L of purified Mosaic recombinant protein and a control sample are discarded from 11 column. After each blowing and mixing, a new gun head is needed to be replaced, 1% of guinea pig red blood cells are added into each hole, after shaking and mixing, the mixture is kept stand at room temperature for 25min, and then reading is carried out, and when reading is carried out, the hole with complete aggregation is taken as the hemagglutination titer of a sample.
The results are shown in FIG. 20, and canTo observe that 10. Mu.g of H1m recombinant protein can produce 2 6 10. Mu.g of H3m recombinant protein capable of producing 2 7 In the control group (Mock), the generation of the blood coagulation phenomenon was not observed.
2. Sugar receptor binding ability validation:
50. Mu.L of PBS was added to column 1 of the 96-well plate, 50. Mu.L of 3 'SLN-PAA-boot, 6' SLN-PAA-boot (available from GlycoNZ under the designations GNZ-0036-BP and GNZ-0997-BP) diluted to 500ng/mL with PBS was added to column 2,3, and each protein was double-well incubated overnight at 4 ℃. The plates were put on an ultraviolet cross-link at 254nm for about 10min, the liquid in the plates was discarded, the plates were washed 1 time with PBS for 3min each, blocked with 100. Mu.L/well 1w/v% BSA in PBS, and incubated overnight at 4 ℃. The solution in each well was discarded, washed 3 times with PBS for 3min each, 50. Mu.L of 2. Mu.g of HAm recombinant protein was added to each well and incubated overnight at 4 ℃. Plates were washed 6 times with PBST for 3min each, with 50. Mu.L 1:4000 diluted anti-Influenza Avirus H N1 HA antibody (available from GeneTex under the trade designation GTX 127357) added to each well; HA antibody against Influenza Avirus H N2 was purchased from GeneTex under the designation GTX 127363), incubated for 2h at room temperature. Plates were washed 6 times with PBST for 3min each with 100 μl1 per well: 8000 dilution of HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (purchased from Friedel-crafts, cat. FDR 007) incubated for 1h at room temperature. Plates were washed 6 times, 3min each using PBST. Adding 100 mu LTMB staining solution into each hole, and standing at room temperature for reaction for 30min; mu.L of 2M H was added to each well 2 SO 4 The reaction was stopped and absorbance values (OD 450nm and OD630 nm) at 450nm and 630nm were measured immediately using a microplate reader.
The results are shown in FIG. 21, in which H1m and H3m recombinant proteins have binding capacity for both sialic acid a2, 3-galactose receptor and sialic acid a2, 6-galactose receptor and have a significant difference (P.ltoreq.0.01) from the PBS group, in which the binding capacity for the a2, 6-galactose receptor is stronger.
3. Neuraminidase Activity assay
The experiment was performed using a neuraminidase assay kit (purchased from bi yun tian, cat No. P0306):
1) Preparation of positive and negative control detection: a. 70 mu.L of neuraminidase assay buffer was added to each well of a 96-well fluorescent ELISA plate. b. 10 or 0. Mu.L of neuraminidase was added to each well. c. A further 10. Mu.L of the solution dissolving the neuraminidase sample was added to each well. d. A further 0 or 10. Mu.L of LMilli-Q water was added to each well to give a total volume of 90. Mu.L per well.
2) Sample detection preparation: a. 70 mu.L of neuraminidase assay buffer was added to each well of a 96-well fluorescent ELISA plate. b. A further 10. Mu.L of neuraminidase sample was added to each well. c. A further 10. Mu.L of LMilli-Q water was added to each well to give a total volume of 90. Mu.L per well.
3) And (3) detection: a. mix well with shaking for about 1 minute. b. mu.L of neuraminidase fluorogenic substrate was added to each well. c. And then the mixture is vibrated and mixed for about 1 minute. Fluorescence measurement was performed after incubation at 37℃for 30 minutes. The excitation wavelength was 322nm and the emission wavelength was 450nm.
As shown in FIG. 22, the recombinant proteins N1m and N2m have relatively high neuraminidase activities, and the two have significant differences ((P.ltoreq.0.05 or P.ltoreq.0.01) compared with the PBS group.
EXAMPLE 4 evaluation of immune Effect of Mosaic recombinant protein
The BALB/c mice were immunized with 4 kinds of the Mosaic recombinant proteins (H1 m, H3m, N1m and N2m recombinant proteins) obtained by expression and purification in example 2 as immunogens, and the immunization effect of the Mosaic recombinant proteins was examined.
1. Immunized mice:
the concentrations of the 4 Mosaic recombinant proteins were separately detected using BCA detection kit (purchased from bi yun, cat No. P0012), and the proteins were uniformly mixed with 7 ten thousand units/mL IL-2 and 0.1% chitosan to obtain Mosaic recombinant protein vaccines (HAm protein vaccine and NAm protein vaccine).
15 BALB/c female mice with the age of 6-8 weeks are randomly divided into 3 groups (blank control group: intramuscular injection of 100 mu L of PBS; immunization HAm group: intramuscular injection of 100 mu L of 2 HAm protein vaccines containing 60 mu g; immunization NAm group: intramuscular injection of 100 mu L of 2 NAm protein vaccines containing 60 mu g), the BALB/c female mice are immunized according to the grouping condition at the time of 0 week and the time of 2 weeks, orbital blood collection is carried out on each group of mice at the time of 0 week and the time of 4 weeks (28 days) after immunization, serum is obtained after standing at 4 ℃ for night and centrifugation at 3000rpm for 10min, and the packaged mice are placed in a refrigerator at-80 ℃ for standby.
2. Hemagglutination inhibition (hemagglutination inhibiion, HAI) experiments:
1) Preparation of RDE treated mouse serum: the receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, purchased from Japanese Kogyo under the trade designation 340122) was mixed with serum of each group of mice in a volume ratio of 3:1 in a test tube, and placed in a 37℃water bath for 16 hours; taking out the test tube, and placing the test tube in a water bath at 56 ℃ for 30min to inactivate RDE; PBS was added to the tube to achieve a serum dilution of 1:10; cooling to room temperature, adding 1/2 volume of chicken red blood cells of original serum, mixing, standing at 4deg.C for 1 hr, and mixing again every 15 min; centrifuging at 1200rpm for 1min, absorbing supernatant to obtain RDE treated mouse serum, and standing at 4deg.C for use.
2) Preparation of four standard antigens: the HA titers of A/Victoria/2570/2019 (H1N 1 subtype strains presented by Chinese disease prevention control center) and A/Cambodia/E0826360/2020 (H3N 2 subtype strains presented by Chinese disease prevention control center) were detected respectively, each antigen was diluted into 8 hemagglutination units by PBS, HA titer confirmation was performed again, and further diluted into 4 hemagglutination units, thus obtaining the four-unit standard antigen.
3) Hemagglutination inhibition assay: 25 μLPBS was added to each of the wells in columns 2 to 10 and 12 of the 96-well plate, and 50 μLPBS was added to each of the wells in column 11; adding 25 mu L of mouse serum treated by RDE into each of the column 1 and the column 2, and uniformly mixing; sucking 25 mu L of the mixed solution in the 2 nd column, adding the mixed solution into the 3 rd column, and uniformly mixing; repeating the above operation until column 10, and discarding 25 μl of the solution mixed in column 10; adding 25 mu L of four-unit standard antigen into the 1 st to 10 th columns and the 12 th column, wherein the 12 th column is used as a virus control column, and simultaneously adding positive serum (mouse serum obtained in the earlier stage of a laboratory) into the 11 th column to make a standard positive control; after fully and evenly mixing, standing the 96-well plate at room temperature for 45min; 50 mu L of 1% chicken erythrocyte suspension is added into each hole, the mixture is kept stand at room temperature for 25min, a 96-well plate is inclined at 45 ℃, and whether erythrocyte flows in a teardrop shape or not is observed.
As shown in FIG. 23, the results show that the influenza virus-specific hemagglutination inhibition antibody shows a certain cross-protection effect on both vaccine strains of the seasonal influenza virus of 2021-2022 by the serum of mice immunized with HAm group at 4 weeks (D28) after the first immunization, and is remarkably higher than that of the blank control group (P is less than or equal to 0.05)
3. Neuraminidase inhibition (Neuraminidase Inhibition, NI) experiment
1) Determination of PNA-HPRO usage: 1% BSAin PBST was added as a sample diluent to a 96-well plate, and 216. Mu.L was added per well on columns 1-11. Thawing the virus, and adding 24 μl per well of columns 1-11 after mixing. The fetoprotein coated 96-well plates were removed and washed 6 times for 3min each using PBST. The diluted viruses are transferred to a 96-well plate coated with the embryo proteins in parallel, 50 mu L of sample diluent is added to each well, 100 mu L of sample diluent is added to column 12, and the mixture is placed in a 37 ℃ incubator for 16 hours after being mixed by light shaking. After incubation, the plates were blotted and washed 6 times for 3min with PBST. 100 μl of each column from 1 to 10 was added sequentially according to 1: 200. 1: 400. 1: 500. 1: 800. 1: 1000. 1: 1600. 1: 2000. 1: 3000. 1: 4000. 1:5000 dilutions of PNA-HRPO (original 1 mg/mL) were incubated at room temperature for 2h. Plates were washed 6 times, 3min each using PBST. Adding 100 mu LTMB staining solution into each hole, and standing at room temperature for reaction for 30min; mu.L of 2M H was added to each well 2 SO 4 The reaction was stopped and immediately the absorbance at 450nm (OD 450 nm) was measured using a microplate reader. PNA-HPRO usage was determined based on the results.
2) Determination of NA usage: 1% BSAin PBST was added as a sample diluent to 96 well plates, 120. Mu.L per well in columns 2-12, and 216. Mu.L per well in column 1. Thawing the virus, mixing, adding 24 μl to column 1, and continuously diluting 2 times to column 11. The fetoprotein coated 96-well plates were removed and washed 6 times for 3min each using PBST. The diluted viruses are transferred to a 96-well plate coated with fetal proteins in parallel with 50 mu L of sample diluent added to each well, and the diluted viruses are placed in a 37 ℃ incubator for 16 hours after being mixed by light shaking. After incubation, the plates were blotted and washed 6 times for 3min with PBST. 100. Mu.L of PNA-HPRO in the well determined amounts from the above procedure was added to each well of columns 1-11 and incubated for 2h at room temperature. Plates were washed 6 times, 3min each using PBST. Adding 100 mu LTMB staining solution into each hole, and standing at room temperature for reaction for 30min; 50. Mu.L of each well was added2M H of (2) 2 SO 4 The reaction was stopped and immediately the absorbance at 450nm (OD 450 nm) was measured using a microplate reader. The NA usage was determined based on the results.
3) Preparation of RDE treated mouse serum: the receptor destroying enzyme (RDE, purchased from Japanese Kogyo under the trade designation 340122) was mixed with serum of each group of mice in a volume ratio of 3:1 in a test tube, and placed in a 37℃water bath for 16 hours; taking out the test tube, and placing the test tube in a water bath at 56 ℃ for 30min to inactivate RDE; PBS was added to the tube to achieve a serum dilution of 1:10; cooling to room temperature, adding 1/2 volume of chicken red blood cells of original serum, mixing, standing at 4deg.C for 1 hr, and mixing again every 15 min; centrifuging at 1200rpm for 1min, absorbing supernatant to obtain RDE treated mouse serum, and standing at 4deg.C for use.
4) Neuraminidase inhibition assay: 1% BSA in PBST was added as a sample diluent to a 96-well plate, 120. Mu.L per well in columns 3-11, and 216. Mu.L per well in column 2. Serum from mice treated with RDE was added to 24. Mu.L to column 1, followed by 2-fold dilution to column 11. The fetoprotein coated 96-well plates were removed and washed 6 times for 3min each using PBST. The diluted serum is transferred to a 96-well plate coated with fetal protein in parallel with 50 mu L, 50 mu L of virus with the determined NA dosage in the previous step is added to each well of columns 1-11, and the mixture is placed in a 37 ℃ incubator for 16 hours after being mixed gently. After incubation, the plates were blotted and washed 6 times for 3min with PBST. 100. Mu.L of PNA-HPRO was added to each well of columns 1-11 and incubated for 2h at room temperature in the well defined amounts by the previous procedure. Plates were washed 6 times, 3min each using PBST. Adding 100 mu LTMB staining solution into each hole, and standing at room temperature for reaction for 30min; mu.L of 2M H was added to each well 2 SO 4 The reaction was stopped and immediately the absorbance at 450nm (OD 450 nm) was measured using a microplate reader.
As shown in FIG. 24, at week 4 (day 28) after the first immunization, the sera of mice in the NAm immunized group produced specific neuraminidase inhibitory antibodies against both vaccine strains A/Victoria/2570/2019 and A/Cambodia/E0826360/2020, and were significantly higher than that of the blank control group (P.ltoreq.0.05 or P.ltoreq.0.01), suggesting that the Mosaic recombinant protein immunization of the present invention produced a certain protective effect on mice.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. A universal Mosaic recombinant antigen for seasonal influenza a, wherein the Mosaic recombinant antigen is:
(a) An antigen consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 3; or,
(b) An antigen in which the amino acid sequence in (a) is substituted, deleted or added with one or more amino acids.
2. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen of claim 1, wherein the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen HAs a Th cell epitope coverage of greater than 81% as compared to the Th cell epitope on the natural HA protein of the influenza virus; the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen has a Th cell epitope coverage rate of more than 84% compared with the Th cell epitope on the natural NA protein of the influenza virus.
3. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen of claim 2, wherein the HA protein comprises an H1 protein or an H3 protein and the NA protein comprises an N1 protein or an N2 protein.
4. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen according to claim 3, wherein more than 81% of the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are perfectly matched to the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural H1 protein or H3 protein of the influenza virus.
5. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen according to claim 3, wherein more than 11 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of more than 96% of the Mosaic recombinant antigen perfectly match 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural H1 protein or H3 protein of the influenza virus.
6. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen according to claim 3, wherein more than 99% of the 10 amino acids of Th cell epitopes of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are perfectly matched to 12 amino acids of Th cell epitopes of natural H1 protein or H3 protein of influenza virus.
7. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen according to claim 3, wherein more than 84% of the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of the Mosaic recombinant antigen are perfectly matched to the 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of the influenza virus.
8. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen according to claim 3, wherein more than 11 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of more than 96% of the Mosaic recombinant antigen perfectly match 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of the influenza virus.
9. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen according to claim 3, wherein more than 10 amino acids of the Th cell epitope of more than 98% of the Mosaic recombinant antigen perfectly match 12 amino acids of the Th cell epitope on the natural N1 protein or N2 protein of the influenza virus.
10. The seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen of claim 1, wherein the Mosaic recombinant antigen is further added with gp67 signal peptide, thrombin cleavage site and 8 xhis tag, and the HA or NA original signal peptide is removed; adding a GCN4pII sequence to the HA protein and a VASP sequence to the NA protein;
the amino acid sequence of the gp67 signal peptide is as follows: MLLVNQSHQGFNKEHTSKMVSAIVLYVLLAAAAHSAFAAD;
the GCN4pII sequence is MKQIEDKIEEILSKIYHIENEIARIKKLIGEV;
the VASP sequence is SSSDYSDLQRVKQELLEEVKKELQKVKEEIIEAFVQELRKRG.
11. A gene encoding the seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen of any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. The gene of claim 11, wherein the sequence of the gene is shown in SEQ ID No. 7.
13. A vector comprising the gene of claim 11 or 12.
14. The vector of claim 13, wherein the vector is obtained by ligating the gene of claim 11 or 12 into an expression plasmid.
15. A cell comprising the gene of claim 11 or 12 or the vector of claim 13 or 14.
16. The cell of claim 15, wherein the cell is obtained by transferring a gene or vector into an escherichia coli host cell.
17. Use of a seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10 in the preparation of a seasonal influenza a universal vaccine.
18. A vaccine formulation comprising the seasonal influenza a universal Mosaic recombinant antigen according to any of claims 1 to 10, the gene according to claim 11 or 12, the vector according to claim 13 or 14.
19. The vaccine formulation of claim 18, further comprising an immunologically and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or adjuvant.
20. Use of a vaccine formulation according to claim 1819 in the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of seasonal influenza a.
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