CN117534199A - Biological retention filler, preparation method thereof and biological retention facility - Google Patents
Biological retention filler, preparation method thereof and biological retention facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN117534199A CN117534199A CN202410029925.2A CN202410029925A CN117534199A CN 117534199 A CN117534199 A CN 117534199A CN 202410029925 A CN202410029925 A CN 202410029925A CN 117534199 A CN117534199 A CN 117534199A
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- zeolite
- layer
- clay
- nitrifying bacteria
- filler
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009301 bioretention Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The application provides a biological retention filler, a preparation method thereof and a biological retention facility, which belong to the technical field of rainwater treatment, wherein the filler comprises: zeolite and clay inoculated with nitrifying bacteria. The preparation method comprises calcining zeolite; placing the roasted zeolite in NaCl for soaking, and then drying the zeolite to obtain modified zeolite; enriching whole nitrifying bacteria through sludge; inoculating nitrifying bacteria in the whole course of modified zeolite. The bioretention facility comprises a matrix layer comprising the bioretention filler described above; the gravel layer is paved below the matrix layer; a planting soil layer laid above the matrix layer; and the third water-permeable geotextile is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer and coats the periphery of the gravel layer, the matrix layer and the planting soil layer. The invention can enable the biological detention facility to convert the ammonia nitrogen remained in the rainwater into nitrate nitrogen under the low-oxygen environment, thereby improving the problem of poor denitrification effect of the traditional biological detention facility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rainwater treatment, and particularly relates to a biological retention filler, a preparation method thereof and a biological retention facility.
Background
Urban rainfall runoff denitrification has become an important research direction gradually, and the low nitrification efficiency is a difficult problem for restricting the treatment effect. Along with the innovation of urban sewage treatment facilities and the upgrading of management level, the point source pollution is effectively controlled, and the non-point source pollution treatment represented by rainfall runoff pollution becomes an important direction for urban water environment pollution treatment. Most of the runoff treatment facilities represented by the bio-detention facilities have a function of removing suspended contaminants, but have poor removal effect on nitrogen. Nitrogen in the rainwater runoff mainly comprises ammonia nitrogen (about 50%) and nitrate nitrogen, and the improvement of the nitrification efficiency is one of the difficult problems of further improving the total nitrogen removal rate. The main reason for this problem is: oxygen supplement measures are not provided in the biological detention facilities, when runoff enters the facilities, oxygen carried by the runoff is continuously consumed due to the respiratory metabolism of aerobic bacteria, the interior of the facilities gradually enters a low-dissolved oxygen state, traditional two-step nitrifying bacteria are strictly aerobic microorganisms, the nitrifying way is blocked in a low-dissolved oxygen environment, the oxygen quantity of an aerobic section is difficult to meet the need that all ammonia nitrogen is nitrified and removed, and therefore the nitrifying efficiency of the facilities is further improved with great difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the application provides a biological retention filler, a preparation method thereof and a biological retention facility, so that the biological retention facility can still convert residual ammonia nitrogen in rainwater into nitrate nitrogen in a low-oxygen environment, and further the problem of poor denitrification effect of the traditional biological retention facility is solved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technique:
a bioretention packing comprising:
and during application, the zeolite is paved above a gravel layer of the biological detention facility, organic matters are mixed in the clay, during application, the zeolite is paved above the clay, and the zeolite and the clay are inoculated with nitrifying bacteria in the whole course and are used for removing ammonia nitrogen in rainwater in an anoxic environment, wherein the zeolite is modified zeolite subjected to heat treatment and Na ion exchange.
The preparation method of the biological retention filler is used for preparing the biological retention filler and comprises the following steps:
s100, roasting zeolite;
s200, soaking the roasted zeolite in NaCl solution, and drying the zeolite to obtain modified zeolite;
s300, enriching whole nitrifying bacteria through sludge;
s400, inoculating nitrifying bacteria in the whole course of the modified zeolite;
s500, mixing clay and organic matters, and then inoculating nitrifying bacteria in the whole process.
Further, the firing temperature in step S200 is 500 ℃ to 550 ℃.
Further, in the steps S400 and S500, when whole-process nitrifying bacteria are inoculated, firstly, the sludge enriched with the whole-process nitrifying bacteria is diluted to more than 3000mg/L by clean water, and then the sludge is sprayed into zeolite and clay for multiple times.
A bioretention facility comprising:
a matrix layer comprising the above-described bioretention facility packing;
the gravel layer is paved below the matrix layer and is separated from the matrix layer through the first permeable geotextile;
the soil planting layer is paved above the matrix layer, and the soil planting layer is separated from the matrix layer through a second permeable geotextile;
and the third water-permeable geotextile is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer and coats the periphery of the gravel layer, the matrix layer and the planting soil layer.
Further, the facility also comprises an L-shaped shell, wherein an accommodating cavity is formed in the L-shaped shell, a plurality of L-shaped supporting ribs are arranged in the accommodating cavity at intervals, a plurality of vertical through holes are formed in the horizontal section of the L-shaped shell, the horizontal section is arranged between clay and zeolite, the vertical section of the L-shaped shell is arranged in a third permeable geotechnical cloth and is arranged on one side of a soil planting layer and one side of zeolite, an opening is formed in the top of the vertical section, and the vertical section extends out of the top of the soil planting layer.
Further, the diameter of the through hole is set smaller than the particle diameter of the zeolite for preventing the zeolite from falling into the accommodating cavity.
Further, both sides at planting soil layer top all are equipped with one section track, the track top is equipped with the inoculation car, the inoculation car includes two pairs of rail wheel and water tank, two pairs of rail wheel all rotate and connect in the bottom of water tank, rail wheel is through being fixed in a actuating mechanism drive of water tank, and two pairs of rail wheel all block locate on the track, the water tank bottom is equipped with first outlet pipe and second outlet pipe, the delivery port of first outlet pipe sets up towards the opening of vertical section, second outlet pipe length direction is the same with rail wheel's axial, a plurality of apopores have been seted up to the second outlet pipe bottom, and in the water inlet end of first outlet pipe, the second outlet pipe all inserts the water tank, and be connected with an motorised valve.
Further, the device also comprises an overflow pipe, the top of the overflow pipe is higher than the planting soil layer by a preset height, and the bottom of the overflow pipe extends into the gravel layer to be connected with a sewer pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the adsorption capacity of zeolite ammonia nitrogen selected by the filler layer can reach more than 13.4 mg/g, ammonia nitrogen in rainwater flowing down from the plant soil layer can be effectively adsorbed, ammonia nitrogen in rainwater flowing down from the plant soil layer and ammonia nitrogen adsorbed in zeolite can be converted into nitrate nitrogen under anoxic and oxygen-enriched environments through the whole-process nitrifying bacteria inoculated, and the nitrate nitrogen is decomposed and utilized by microorganisms, so that the ammonia nitrogen adsorbed in the zeolite is prevented from reaching saturation, and the filler layer is the modified zeolite subjected to heat treatment and Na ion exchange, so that the adsorption and removal of the ammonia nitrogen by the zeolite can be further improved, and the denitrification effect of the rainwater is improved.
2. Through setting up L type casing, after the completion is built to the biological facility that detains, can follow L type casing top injection whole nitrifying bacteria enrichment liquid, make whole nitrifying bacteria enrichment liquid reach between zeolite and the clay, be convenient for under the circumstances that whole nitrifying bacteria reduces in follow-up biological facility, directly add nitrifying bacteria enrichment liquid in to the biological facility through L type casing, improve the inoculation effect of clay layer.
3. The arrangement of the track and the inoculation vehicle at the top of the planting soil layer can be combined with the L-shaped shell to simultaneously inject the whole nitrifying bacteria enrichment liquid from the upper part of the planting soil layer and the upper part of the clay of the matrix layer, so that the inoculation efficiency and the inoculation uniformity are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of a bioretention apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bioretention apparatus of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a top view of a bioretention facility of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion C in fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the structure of an inoculating vehicle in the bio-detention facility of the application example.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion B in fig. 6.
Reference numerals: the soil planting layer-1, the matrix layer-2, the gravel layer-3, the first water-permeable geotextile-4, the second water-permeable geotextile-5, the third water-permeable geotextile-6, the L-shaped shell-7, the track-8, the track wheel-9, the water tank-10, the overflow pipe-11, the zeolite-201, the clay-202, the L-shaped support rib-701, the horizontal section-702, the vertical section-703, the opening-704, the first water outlet pipe-1001, the second water outlet pipe-1002 and the water outlet hole-1003.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the described embodiments of the present invention are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides a biological retention filler, which comprises zeolite 201 and clay 202, wherein when the biological retention filler is applied, the clay 202 is paved above a gravel layer 3 of a biological retention facility, and organic matters are mixed in the clay 202 and used as nutrients for microorganism growth, when the biological retention filler is applied, the zeolite 201 is paved above the clay 202, and the zeolite 201 and the clay 202 are inoculated with nitrifying bacteria in the whole process for removing ammonia nitrogen in rainwater under an anoxic environment.
Because the zeolite 201 has a multi-regular pore structure, the pore is equivalent to the molecular size of common substances, the diameter is about 0.3 nm-1 nm, and the specific surface area is up to 400m 2 /g~800m 2 And (3) the special physical structure enables the zeolite to have high-efficiency adsorptivity, ammonia nitrogen in rainwater flowing through the zeolite can be effectively adsorbed, and meanwhile, in an anoxic and oxygen-enriched environment, the adsorbed ammonia nitrogen can be converted into nitrate nitrogen by nitrifying bacteria in the whole process inoculated on the zeolite, and then is decomposed and utilized by microorganisms, so that the ammonia nitrogen adsorbed in the zeolite 201 can be prevented from being saturated.
Preferably, the zeolite 201 is selected to be a modified zeolite that has been heat treated and Na ion exchanged. After the zeolite 201 is subjected to heat treatment, water in the zeolite 201 escapes to form a loose porous sponge body, so that the adsorption performance can be effectively improved, more Na ions are obtained after the zeolite 201 is subjected to Na ion exchange, and the ammonia nitrogen adsorption effect can be further improved.
The preparation method of the filler adopts a preparation method of the biological retention filler, and comprises the following specific steps: calcining zeolite 201; placing the roasted zeolite 201 in NaCl solution for soaking, and then drying the zeolite 201 to obtain modified zeolite; enriching whole nitrifying bacteria through sludge; inoculating the modified zeolite with nitrifying bacteria in the whole course; the clay 202 and the organic matter are mixed and then subjected to whole-course nitrifying bacteria inoculation.
Specifically, the whole nitrifying bacteria enrichment method comprises the following steps: first in a 5L continuous flow SBR reactor1L of sludge in the aerobic section of a sewage treatment plant is inoculated in the water treatment device, and under the condition of no water discharge, the water sample to be treated with ammonia nitrogen concentration not higher than 50mgN/L is continuously and slowly input. Wherein the reactor typically has the following water feed composition: per liter contains 26.745mg NH 4 Cl，50mg KH 2 PO 4 ，75mg KCl，50mg MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O，584mg NaCl，50mg CaCl 2 1mL of trace element solution. The trace element solution per liter consists of the following components: 34.4mg MnSO 4 ·1H 2 O，50mg H 3 BO 3 ，70mg ZnCl 2 ,72.6mg Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O，2mg CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O，24mg NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O，80mg CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O，1gFeSO 4 ·6H 2 O. Then controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be lower than 1.0mg/L, and feeding water for 8 hours in each cycle, wherein the water feeding rate is 1.45mL/min; precipitating for 45min, discharging water at the speed of 29mL/min, and standing for a certain time. And finally, regularly monitoring the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the reactor, and finishing enrichment when the ammonia nitrogen concentration of effluent is lower than 0.05 mgN/L.
Specifically, when the zeolite 201 is calcined, the calcination temperature is set to 500 to 550 ℃. Because zeolite 201 has high temperature resistance, too high a temperature may destroy its structure and lose its ion exchange function. In the embodiment, the zeolite 201 is roasted at the temperature of 500-550 ℃, so that the mechanical strength of the zeolite 201 can be improved, the pore volume can be increased, the specific surface area can be increased, the movement activity of cations can be increased, and the subsequent Na ion exchange can be more fully performed.
Specifically, when whole-process nitrifying bacteria are inoculated, the sludge enriched with the whole-process nitrifying bacteria is diluted to more than 3000mg/L by clean water, and then the sludge is sprayed into the zeolite 201 and the clay 202 for multiple times, so that the whole-process nitrifying bacteria can gradually infiltrate into the zeolite 201 and the clay 202 along with the clean water.
On the other hand, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present application provides a bioretention facility including a matrix layer 2, a gravel layer 3, a plant soil layer 1, and the like.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the matrix layer 2 includes the above-mentioned bio-retention filler, wherein the clay 202 is laid above the gravel layer 3 of the bio-retention facility, the zeolite 201 is laid above the clay 202 and the organic matters, the gravel layer 3 is laid below the matrix layer 2, the gravel layer 3 and the matrix layer 2 are separated by the first water-permeable geotechnical cloth 4, the plant soil layer 1 is laid above the matrix layer 2, the plant soil layer 1 and the matrix layer 2 are separated by the second water-permeable geotechnical cloth 5, the third water-permeable geotechnical cloth 6 is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer 3, and the third water-permeable geotechnical cloth 6 covers the periphery of the gravel layer 3, the matrix layer 2 and the plant soil layer 1.
When rainwater flows into the biological detention facility, the rainwater is initially filtered through the planting soil layer 1 at the topmost layer, then is infiltrated downwards into the matrix layer 2, and the zeolite 201 and the clay 202 inoculated with nitrifying bacteria in the whole course in the matrix layer 2 can adsorb, convert and decompose ammonia nitrogen in the rainwater, so that denitrification of the rainwater is realized, and the subsequent rainwater continuously flows into the gravel layer 3 and then is discharged into a sewer pipeline.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 4, the bio-detention facility further includes an overflow pipe 11, the top of the overflow pipe 11 is higher than the planting soil layer 1 by a predetermined height, the bottom of the overflow pipe 11 extends into the gravel layer 3 to be connected with a sewer pipe, when the rainfall is excessive, and the maximum water storage height is exceeded in the bio-detention facility, excessive rainwater can flow into the sewer pipe directly from the overflow pipe 11, so that the road surface is prevented from being submerged by the rainwater.
1-2 and 4-5, the bio-detention device further includes an L-shaped housing 7, a receiving cavity is formed in the L-shaped housing 7, a plurality of L-shaped supporting ribs 701 are arranged in the receiving cavity at intervals, the L-shaped supporting ribs 701 can be used for supporting the L-shaped housing 7 to prevent the L-shaped housing 7 from being deformed due to the downward pressing of the zeolite 201 above, a plurality of through holes are formed at the top and the bottom of the horizontal section 702, specifically, the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the particle size of the zeolite 201 and is used for preventing the zeolite 201 from falling into the receiving cavity, the horizontal section 702 is arranged between the clay 202 and the zeolite 201 of the matrix layer 2, the vertical section 703 of the L-shaped housing 7 is arranged in the third permeable geotextile 6 and is arranged at one side of the soil planting layer 1 and the zeolite 201, the top of the vertical section 703 is provided with an opening, and extends out of the top of the soil planting layer 1, since the L-shaped supporting ribs can divide the receiving cavity into a plurality of L-shaped receiving spaces, after the whole bacterial enrichment liquid is injected from the top of the L-shaped housing 7, the inoculation liquid can be separated into the L-shaped receiving spaces, the nitrifying liquid can slowly flow into the L-shaped receiving spaces with a certain height from the clay 202.
After the filler layer inoculated with the whole-process nitrifying bacteria is used for a period of time, due to environmental reasons (such as nutrient reduction in a biological detention facility or ammonia nitrogen reduction in the biological detention facility due to less rainfall), the propagation of the whole-process nitrifying bacteria in the filler layer is slowed down, so that the whole-process nitrifying bacteria are reduced, the ammonia nitrogen removal effect of the rainwater is improved by inoculating the whole-process nitrifying bacteria again, the concentrated solution of the whole-process nitrifying bacteria is directly sprayed from the upper part of the plant soil layer 1, most of sludge with the whole-process nitrifying bacteria is adhered to the plant soil layer 1 and the zeolite 201, and the whole-process nitrifying bacteria inoculated in the clay 202 are less. After the L-shaped shell 7 is arranged, the enriched liquid of the whole nitrifying bacteria can directly flow into the clay 202 uniformly through the cavity of the L-shaped shell 7, so that the inoculation uniformity is improved, and the ammonia nitrogen removal effect in the rainwater is improved.
Preferably, referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 6 and fig. 7, a section of track 8 is arranged on two sides of the top of the soil planting layer 1, an inoculation vehicle is arranged above the track 8, the inoculation vehicle comprises two pairs of track wheels 9 and a water tank 10, the two pairs of track wheels 9 are all rotationally connected to the bottom of the water tank 10, the track wheels 9 are driven by a driving mechanism fixed to the water tank 10, the driving mechanism can select a motor, the two pairs of track wheels 9 are all clamped on the track 8, a first water outlet pipe 1001 and a second water outlet pipe 1002 are arranged at the bottom of the water tank 10, a water outlet of the first water outlet pipe 1001 is arranged towards an opening 704 of the vertical section 703, the length direction of the second water outlet pipe 1002 is the same as the axial direction of the track wheels 9, a plurality of water outlet holes 1003 are formed at the bottom of the second water outlet pipe 1002, and the water inlet ends of the first water outlet pipe 1001 and the second water outlet pipe 1002 are all connected into the water tank 10 and are connected with an electric valve. When whole nitrifying bacteria need be supplementary to inoculate in the biological detention facility, pour into the whole nitrifying bacteria enrichment liquid that dilutes in water tank 10, then open the motorised valve, control actuating mechanism drive rail wheel 9 rotate simultaneously can pour into whole nitrifying bacteria enrichment liquid simultaneously into planting soil layer 1 top, and in L type casing 7, can effectively improve inoculation efficiency, after inoculation is accomplished, accessible waterproof cloth, waterproof adhesive tape etc. mode material cover L type casing 7 top, prevent the rainwater from flowing into wherein from the top can.
After testing that the bioretention facility was stably operated for 20 days, the following table was obtained for the average removal of contaminants from the bioretention facility.
| Concentration of water inlet | Concentration of effluent | Removal rate of | |
| Ammonia nitrogen | 28mg/L | 0.52±0.25mg/L | 85.1±0.9% |
After testing, the bioretention facility was run stably for 50 days, the average removal rates of contaminants from the bioretention facility were obtained as shown in the table below.
| Concentration of water inlet | Concentration of effluent | Removal rate of | |
| Ammonia nitrogen | 28mg/L | 0.48±0.51mg/L | 85.1±1.8% |
Specifically, the test mode is that firstly, simulated rainwater is configured: 180L of tap water was added to a 200L PE dosing tank and allowed to stand for at least 24 hours to reduce the effect of residual chlorine. Stirring aeration is carried out before each test is started, and the high dissolved oxygen characteristic of actual rainwater is simulated. And adding the prepared pollutant stock solution, fixing the volume to 200L, and stirring clockwise for 15min. Wherein the main component of the pollutant is derived from nitric acid (KNO) 3 ) Ammonium chloride (NH) 4 Cl), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH) 2 PO 4 ) Glycine (C) 2 H 5 NO 2 ) Sodium acetate (CH) 3 COONa). Specific concentration of contaminants concentrations were selected with reference to the in-situ measured concentration of urban stormwater runoff dissolved nutrients, taking the higher values from these studies and taking into account the free nitrogen effects of tap water in the laboratory. The pollutant concentration of the experimental method is selected to be 28mg/L of ammonia nitrogen concentration when the whole-process nitrifying bacteria (Commamox) are enriched at full load.
And finally, conveying the prepared simulated rainwater to a 15-hole water distribution nozzle through a peristaltic pump and a peristaltic pump, uniformly distributing the rainwater above the biological detention facility, and periodically collecting water and monitoring the water quality.
Obviously, compared with the traditional biological detention facility with ammonia nitrogen removal rate less than 70%, the biological detention facility can greatly increase the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the biological detention facility on rainwater. Such modifications and variations of the invention are intended to be included herein within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents. The foregoing examples or embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention, which may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The biological detention filler is characterized by comprising zeolite (201) and clay (202), wherein the clay (202) is paved above a gravel layer (3) of a biological detention facility in application, organic matters are mixed in the clay (202), the zeolite (201) is paved above the clay (202) in application, and the zeolite (201) and the clay (202) are inoculated with nitrifying bacteria in the whole process for removing ammonia nitrogen in rainwater in an anoxic environment.
2. The bioretention filler according to claim 1 wherein the zeolite (201) is a modified zeolite that has been heat treated and Na ion exchanged.
3. A method of preparing a bioretention filler for preparing the bioretention filler of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
s100, roasting zeolite (201);
s200, placing the roasted zeolite (201) in NaCl solution for soaking, and then drying the zeolite (201) to obtain modified zeolite;
s300, enriching whole nitrifying bacteria through sludge;
s400, inoculating nitrifying bacteria in the whole course of the modified zeolite;
s500, mixing clay (202) and organic matters, and then inoculating nitrifying bacteria in the whole process.
4. A method of preparing a bioretention filler according to claim 3, wherein the firing temperature in step S200 is 500-550 ℃.
5. The method for preparing a bio-retentive filler of claim 3, wherein in the steps S400 and S500, when whole nitrifying bacteria are inoculated, the sludge enriched with whole nitrifying bacteria is diluted to more than 3000mg/L by clean water, and then the sludge is sprayed into the modified zeolite and clay (202) for a plurality of times.
6. A bioretention facility, comprising:
a matrix layer (2) comprising the bioretention filler according to any one of claims 1 or 2;
the gravel layer (3) is paved below the matrix layer (2), and the gravel layer (3) is separated from the matrix layer (2) through the first permeable geotextile (4);
the soil planting layer (1) is paved above the matrix layer (2), and the soil planting layer (1) and the matrix layer (2) are separated by a second permeable geotextile (5);
and the third water-permeable geotextile (6) is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer (3) and coats the periphery of the gravel layer (3), the matrix layer (2) and the planting soil layer (1).
7. The biological retention facility according to claim 6, further comprising an L-shaped shell (7), wherein a containing cavity is formed in the L-shaped shell (7), a plurality of L-shaped supporting ribs (701) are arranged in the containing cavity at intervals, a plurality of vertical through holes are formed in a horizontal section (702) of the L-shaped shell (7), the horizontal section (702) is arranged between clay (202) and zeolite (201) of the matrix layer (2), a vertical section (703) of the L-shaped shell (7) is arranged in the third water-permeable geotechnical cloth (6) and is arranged on one side of the soil planting layer (1) and the zeolite (201), an opening (704) is formed in the top of the vertical section (703), and the vertical section extends out of the top of the soil planting layer (1).
8. A bio-detention device according to claim 7, characterized in that the diameter of the through-holes is set smaller than the particle size of the zeolite (201).
9. The biological retention facility according to claim 7, wherein one section of track (8) is arranged on two sides of the top of the soil planting layer (1), an inoculation vehicle is arranged above the track (8), the inoculation vehicle comprises two pairs of track wheels (9) and a water tank (10), the two pairs of track wheels (9) are all rotationally connected to the bottom of the water tank (10), the track wheels (9) are driven by a driving mechanism fixed to the water tank (10), the two pairs of track wheels (9) are all clamped on the track (8), a first water outlet pipe (1001) and a second water outlet pipe (1002) are arranged at the bottom of the water tank (10), a water outlet of the first water outlet pipe (1001) is arranged towards the opening (704), the length direction of the second water outlet pipe (1002) is the same as the axial direction of the track wheels (9), a plurality of water outlet holes (1003) are formed in the bottom of the second water outlet pipe (1002), and the water inlet ends of the first water outlet pipe (1001) and the second water outlet pipe (1002) are all connected to the water tank (10) and are connected with an electric valve.
10. The bioretention facility according to claim 6, further comprising an overflow pipe (11), wherein the top of the overflow pipe (11) is higher than the planting soil layer (1) by a predetermined height, and the bottom of the overflow pipe (11) extends into the gravel layer (3) to be connected with a sewer pipe.
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