CN117533197A - Battery module for low-speed vehicle and BMS control method - Google Patents

Battery module for low-speed vehicle and BMS control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117533197A
CN117533197A CN202311608141.7A CN202311608141A CN117533197A CN 117533197 A CN117533197 A CN 117533197A CN 202311608141 A CN202311608141 A CN 202311608141A CN 117533197 A CN117533197 A CN 117533197A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
module
battery pack
board
acquisition
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202311608141.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘海波
颜旺
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Huizhou Zhongyuan New Energy Co ltd
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Huizhou Zhongyuan New Energy Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311608141.7A priority Critical patent/CN117533197A/en
Publication of CN117533197A publication Critical patent/CN117533197A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery module for a low-speed vehicle, which comprises: the battery pack, the BMS system and the acquisition module are connected at the acquisition end of the acquisition module so as to acquire the current and the voltage of the battery pack, and the acquisition module and the battery pack are respectively and electrically connected with the BMS system, so that the BMS system can analyze the current and the voltage data of the battery pack acquired by the acquisition module, and then send a control signal to the battery pack so as to manage the energy of the battery pack; the BMS system comprises a main control board, the acquisition end of the acquisition sub-board is electrically connected with a battery pack, and the output end of the acquisition sub-board is in communication connection with the acquisition main board; the acquisition end of the acquisition main board is electrically connected with the battery pack, and the acquisition main board is in bidirectional communication connection with the main control board. According to the low-speed vehicle battery module disclosed by the invention, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the battery pack are respectively acquired in a mode that the acquisition module is arranged as the acquisition main board and the acquisition sub board.

Description

Battery module for low-speed vehicle and BMS control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery modules for low-speed vehicles, in particular to a battery module for a low-speed vehicle and a BMS control method.
Background
The low-speed electric vehicle battery module is a battery assembly for a low-speed electric vehicle for storing and supplying electric energy to propel the vehicle. The low-speed electric vehicle is generally an electric vehicle, has low speed, and is suitable for urban traffic, short-distance driving, community patrol vehicles, golf carts, electric sightseeing vehicles and the like. The battery module is an integral part of the battery pack and typically includes a set of battery cells connected together to provide the desired voltage and capacity. The low-speed electric vehicle battery module generally has the following characteristics and components: a battery cell: the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, typically lithium ion batteries, lead acid batteries, or other types of batteries. These monomers may be connected in series or in parallel to provide the desired voltage and capacity. Battery Management System (BMS): BMS is a system for monitoring and managing battery cells to ensure that they operate in a safe voltage range and to achieve balanced charge and discharge. The BMS may also monitor temperature, current, and battery status. And (3) a cooling system: in order to control the battery temperature, the battery module is generally equipped with a cooling system to prevent the adverse effect of overheating on the battery performance and life. And (3) packaging a battery: the battery module is generally enclosed in a protective case to protect the battery cells from environmental influences, such as moisture and impact. And (3) electric connection: the battery cells in the battery module are connected together through an electric connector to form a battery combination.
The existing temperature detection module of the low-speed vehicle battery module generally calculates the internal temperature of the single battery through an algorithm by monitoring the current and voltage data of the battery module, and the temperature monitoring mode can well judge the running temperature of the single battery in real time so as to ensure the safe running of the battery module. However, the conventional battery module does not monitor the surface temperature of the battery pack, i.e., the ambient temperature, and has certain potential safety hazards.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a battery module for a low-speed vehicle, aiming at the technical problem that the existing battery module for a low-speed electric vehicle lacks comfort monitoring on the ambient temperature.
This battery module for low-speed automobile-used battery module includes battery package, BMS system and collection module, and collection end connection battery package of collection module to gather current, the voltage of battery package, collection module and battery package are connected with BMS system electricity respectively, thereby make BMS system can carry out the analysis to battery package current, the voltage data of collection module collection, and then send control signal to the battery package, in order to carry out energy management to the battery package.
The BMS system comprises a main control board, the acquisition end of the acquisition sub-board is electrically connected with a battery pack, and the output end of the acquisition sub-board is in communication connection with the acquisition main board; the acquisition end of the acquisition main board is electrically connected with the battery pack, and the acquisition main board is in bidirectional communication connection with the main control board.
In one embodiment, the BMS system further includes a hardware protection board, and an output end of the main control board is electrically connected to an input end of the hardware protection board; the output end of the hardware protection board is electrically connected with the battery pack.
In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a plurality of unit batteries, and the collecting end of the collecting sub-board and the collecting end of the collecting main board are respectively electrically connected with the plurality of unit batteries.
In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a plurality of first conductive strips and a plurality of second conductive strips, where each first conductive strip can be electrically connected to the same electrode of a plurality of unit batteries, so that the plurality of unit batteries are connected in parallel to form a battery pack; each second conductive strip can connect two battery packs in series.
In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a plurality of insulating members, and the plurality of insulating members are respectively and correspondingly disposed between the corresponding first conductive strips and the corresponding second conductive strips, so as to avoid short circuit caused by false contact between the first conductive strips and the second conductive strips.
In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a plurality of heat-conducting clamping plates, the plurality of heat-conducting clamping plates are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of single batteries, and each heat-conducting clamping plate is wrapped on the corresponding side surface of the single battery.
In one embodiment, when the plurality of heat-conducting clamping plates are sequentially arranged in a butt joint manner to form an integral installation space, the plurality of single batteries are respectively installed in a staggered manner with the plurality of heat-conducting clamping plates, namely, each single battery is installed between two adjacent heat-conducting clamping plates, so that mutual independence between the adjacent heat-conducting clamping plates and the adjacent single batteries is reduced, and further, the phenomenon that the normal operation of the battery module is influenced due to torsion of the whole battery pack in the use process is avoided.
In one embodiment, a heat-conducting separator is disposed between the adjacent unit cells, and the heat-conducting separator is connected to the inside of the corresponding heat-conducting separator. When the battery pack operates, heat generated by the single battery can be transferred to the corresponding heat conduction clamping plates through the corresponding heat conduction partition plates, and then heat dissipation is completed, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack is further improved.
In one embodiment, each heat conducting clamping plate is provided with a plurality of heat radiating fins, two mounting grooves and four avoiding grooves, and the heat radiating fins are arranged at two ends of the top side surface of the heat conducting clamping plate, so that the heat radiating performance of the heat conducting clamping plate is further improved; the two electrodes of the two mounting grooves corresponding to the single batteries are arranged on the top side surface of the heat conduction clamping plate; the four avoidance grooves are respectively formed in the two side walls of the heat conduction clamping plate, namely, the two side edges of one side wall of the heat conduction clamping plate are respectively provided with the avoidance grooves, so that the two side surfaces of the single battery are exposed to the outside to the greatest extent, and the accurate collection of the surface temperature of the battery pack by the collecting sub-plate is facilitated.
In one embodiment, when the electrodes of each single battery are respectively connected with the corresponding first conductive strip and the corresponding second conductive strip, the first conductive strip and the second conductive strip are respectively matched and installed in the corresponding installation groove, so that the stability of electric connection between the first conductive strip and the single battery and between the second conductive strip and the single battery is effectively improved.
In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes two heat-conducting end plates, and two ends of the battery pack are provided with the two heat-conducting end plates, so that heat dissipation performance of two ends of the battery pack is effectively improved.
In one embodiment, the collecting main board includes a first processing module, a first collecting module and a first communication module, wherein an input end of the first collecting module is electrically connected with the battery pack, and an output end of the first collecting module is electrically connected with an input end of the first processing module; the first communication module is arranged between the first processing module and the main control board, and the first processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the main control board through the first communication module.
In one embodiment, the collecting main board further includes a first equalization module, an input end of the first equalization module is electrically connected to an output end of the first processing module, and an output end of the first equalization module is electrically connected to the battery pack.
In one embodiment, the collecting sub-board includes a second processing module, a second collecting module and a second communication module, wherein an input end of the second collecting module is electrically connected with the battery pack, and an output end of the second collecting module is electrically connected with an input end of the second processing module; the second communication module is arranged between the second processing module and the acquisition main board, and the second processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the acquisition main board through the second communication module.
In one embodiment, the main control board is provided with a third processing module, a driving module and a third communication module, the third communication module is in bidirectional communication connection with the first communication module, and the third processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the acquisition main board through the third communication module; the output end of the third processing module is electrically connected with the input end of the driving module; the output end of the driving module is electrically connected with the hardware protection board.
In one embodiment, the main control board is further connected with an alarm device, and an output end of the main control board is electrically connected with an input end of the alarm device.
A BMS control method, the BMS control method comprising the steps of:
s1, initializing a BMS system;
s2, detecting the battery module before powering on by the main control board; if the detection result is abnormal, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; a plurality of detection results are normal, and the step S3 is skipped;
s3, detecting the voltage and the current of the battery pack by the collecting main board, and transmitting detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of one of the voltage, the current and the internal temperature of the battery exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the detected values of the voltage and the current are in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s4, the collecting sub-board detects and stores the surface temperature of the battery pack, and transmits detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the temperature detection value exceeds the normal value range, the main control board sends an alarm signal to the alarm device for alarming and drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the temperature detection value is in the normal value range, jumping to the step S5;
s5, extracting the SOC data of the battery pack stored in the main control board to judge whether the battery pack needs to be balanced or not; if yes, driving a first equalization module to equalize a plurality of single batteries in the battery pack through a first processing module; if not, jumping to the step S6;
s6, the first processing module carries out SOC estimation according to the current and voltage detection values of the battery pack, and processes and stores the data; and then jumps to step S3.
In one embodiment, the step S3 includes the following steps:
s31, detecting the voltage of the battery pack by the acquisition main board, and transmitting detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of the voltage exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the detected values of the voltages are all in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s32, detecting the current of the battery pack by the acquisition main board, and transmitting detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of the current exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the detected values of the currents are all in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s34, the main control board estimates the internal temperature of the single battery; if the estimated value of the internal temperature of the single battery exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the estimated values of the internal temperatures of the single batteries are all in the normal value range, the step S4 is skipped.
In summary, the low-speed vehicle battery module disclosed by the invention is used for respectively collecting the voltage, the current and the temperature of the battery pack in a mode of setting the collecting module as the collecting main board and the collecting sub-board, wherein the collecting sub-board is used for independently collecting the temperature of the battery pack, so that the low-speed vehicle battery module disclosed by the invention can be used for calculating the internal temperature of the single battery in the existing estimation mode, and can be used for more directly detecting the external temperature of the single battery, thereby effectively improving the reaction efficiency of the low-speed vehicle battery module to external environmental temperature changes and further improving the use safety of the battery module in the running and charging processes of the low-speed vehicle. The BMS control method disclosed by the invention drives the acquisition sub-board to detect and store the surface temperature of the battery pack through the step S4, and transmits detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the temperature detection value exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be firstly ensured to be disconnected with an external load or a power supply in an abnormal temperature environment, the internal temperature of the single battery is reduced, and secondly, the alarm device can be driven to send out an alarm by sending out an alarm signal, so that a driver is warned to carry out emergency treatment in time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a structure of a battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a BMS control method in one embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a battery pack structure of a battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to an embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a battery pack structure of a battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to an embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a heat conductive clamping plate of a battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to an embodiment;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure of a battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the invention discloses a battery module for a low-speed vehicle, which comprises a battery pack 1, a BMS system and an acquisition module, wherein an acquisition end of the acquisition module is connected with the battery pack 1 to acquire current and voltage of the battery pack 1, and the acquisition module and the battery pack 1 are respectively and electrically connected with the BMS system, so that the BMS system can analyze the current and voltage data of the battery pack 1 acquired by the acquisition module and send a control signal to the battery pack 1 to manage energy of the battery pack 1. The acquisition module comprises an acquisition main board and an acquisition sub board, and the BMS system comprises a main control board and a hardware protection board, wherein the acquisition end of the acquisition sub board is electrically connected with the battery pack 1, and the output end of the acquisition sub board is in communication connection with the acquisition main board; the acquisition end of the acquisition main board is electrically connected with the battery pack 1, and the acquisition main board is in bidirectional communication connection with the main control board; the output end of the main control board is electrically connected with the input end of the hardware protection board; the output end of the hardware protection board is electrically connected with the battery pack 1. Specifically, the battery pack 1 includes a plurality of unit batteries 11, and the collection end of the collection daughter board and the collection end of the collection motherboard are respectively electrically connected with the plurality of unit batteries 11.
Referring to fig. 5, further, the battery pack 1 further includes a plurality of first conductive strips 12 and a plurality of second conductive strips 13, wherein each first conductive strip 12 can be electrically connected to the same electrode of a plurality of unit batteries 11, so as to connect a plurality of unit batteries 11 in parallel to form a battery pack; each second conductive strip 13 is capable of connecting two battery packs in series. In practical application, the plurality of first conductive strips 12 and the plurality of second conductive strips 13 cooperate with each other to connect the plurality of unit cells 11 in parallel and then in series to form the whole battery pack 1.
Referring to fig. 5, further, the battery pack 1 further includes a plurality of insulating members 14, and the plurality of insulating members 14 are respectively disposed between the corresponding first conductive strips 12 and the second conductive strips 13, so as to avoid a short circuit caused by a false touch between the first conductive strips 12 and the second conductive strips 13.
Referring to fig. 6, further, the battery pack 1 further includes a plurality of heat conductive clamping plates 15, the plurality of heat conductive clamping plates 15 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of unit batteries 11, and each heat conductive clamping plate 15 is coated on a side surface of the corresponding unit battery 11. In actual use, the heat exchange efficiency of a plurality of battery cells 11 and external environment can be effectively promoted to a plurality of heat conduction splint 15 to improved the forced air cooling effect of battery package 1 greatly, to the application scenario of low-speed car, when avoiding battery package 1 high temperature, can effectively avoid increasing too much temperature control device, thereby reduction in production cost. In one embodiment, the plurality of heat conductive clips 15 are arranged in a butt-joint manner to form an integral installation space. The plurality of single batteries 11 are respectively installed in a staggered manner with the plurality of heat conduction clamping plates 15, namely, each single battery 11 is installed between two adjacent heat conduction clamping plates 15, so that mutual independence between the adjacent heat conduction clamping plates 15 and the adjacent single batteries 11 is reduced, and further, the phenomenon that the normal operation of the battery module is influenced due to torsion of the whole battery pack 1 in the use process is avoided.
Referring to fig. 6 to 7, specifically, a heat-conducting separator 151 is disposed between adjacent unit cells 11, and the heat-conducting separator 151 is connected to the inside of the corresponding heat-conducting clamping plate 15. When the battery pack 1 is operated, the heat generated by the unit battery 11 can be transferred to the corresponding heat conductive clamping plate 15 through the corresponding heat conductive partition plate 151, and then heat dissipation is completed, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack 1 is further improved.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, specifically, each heat-conducting clamping plate 15 is provided with a plurality of heat-dissipating fins 152, two mounting grooves 153 and four avoiding grooves 154, and the plurality of heat-dissipating fins 152 are disposed at two ends of the top surface of the heat-conducting clamping plate 15, so as to further improve the heat dissipation performance of the heat-conducting clamping plate 15; the two mounting grooves 153 are arranged on the top surface of the heat conducting clamping plate 15 corresponding to the two electrodes of the single battery 11; the four avoidance grooves 154 are respectively formed in two side walls of the heat conduction clamping plate 15, namely, two side edges of one side wall of the heat conduction clamping plate 15 are respectively provided with the avoidance grooves 154, so that two side surfaces of the single battery 11 are exposed to the outside to the greatest extent, and further, the accurate collection of the surface temperature of the battery pack 1 by the collecting sub-board is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, specifically, when the electrodes of each single battery 11 are respectively connected to the corresponding first conductive strip 12 and the corresponding second conductive strip 13, the first conductive strip 12 and the second conductive strip 13 are respectively mounted in the corresponding mounting groove 152 in a matching manner, so that the stability of the electrical connection between the first conductive strip 12 and the second conductive strip 13 and the single battery 11 is effectively improved.
Referring to fig. 8, further, the battery pack 1 further includes two heat conductive end plates 16, and two ends of the battery pack 1 are provided with the two heat conductive end plates 16, so as to effectively improve the heat dissipation performance of the two ends of the battery pack 1.
Further, the acquisition main board comprises a first processing module, a first equalization module, a first acquisition module and a first communication module, wherein the input end of the first acquisition module is electrically connected with the battery pack 1, and the output end of the first acquisition module is electrically connected with the input end of the first processing module; the input end of the first equalization module is electrically connected with the output end of the first processing module, and the output end of the first equalization module is electrically connected with the battery pack 1; the first communication module is arranged between the first processing module and the main control board, and the first processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the main control board through the first communication module.
Further, the collecting sub-board comprises a second processing module, a second collecting module and a second communication module, wherein the input end of the second collecting module is electrically connected with the battery pack 1, and the output end of the second collecting module is electrically connected with the input end of the second processing module; the second communication module is arranged between the second processing module and the acquisition main board, and the second processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the acquisition main board through the second communication module.
Further, the main control board is provided with a third processing module, a driving module and a third communication module, the third communication module is in bidirectional communication connection with the first communication module, and the third processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the acquisition main board through the third communication module; the output end of the third processing module is electrically connected with the input end of the driving module; the output end of the driving module is electrically connected with the hardware protection board.
Further, the main control board is also connected with an alarm device, and the output end of the main control board is electrically connected with the input end of the alarm device. Specifically, the input end of the alarm device is electrically connected with the output end of the driving module.
Referring to fig. 4, the invention also discloses a BMS control method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, initializing a BMS system;
s2, detecting the battery module before powering on by the main control board; if the detection result is abnormal, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack 1; a plurality of detection results are normal, and the step S3 is skipped;
s3, detecting the voltage and the current of the battery pack 1 by the acquisition main board, and transmitting detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of one of the voltage, the current and the internal temperature of the battery exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack 1; if the detected values of the voltage and the current are in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s4, the acquisition sub-board detects and stores the surface temperature of the battery pack 1, and transmits detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the temperature detection value exceeds the normal value range, the main control board sends an alarm signal to the alarm device for alarming, and drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack 1; if the temperature detection value is in the normal value range, jumping to the step S5;
s5, extracting the SOC data of the battery pack 1 stored in the main control board to judge whether the battery pack 1 needs to be balanced or not; if yes, driving a first equalization module to equalize a plurality of single batteries 11 in the battery pack 1 through a first processing module; if not, jumping to the step S6;
s6, the first processing module carries out SOC estimation according to the current and voltage detection values of the battery pack 1, and processes and stores the data; and then jumps to step S3.
Further, step S3 includes the steps of:
s31, detecting the voltage of the battery pack 1 by the acquisition main board, and transmitting detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of the voltage exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack 1; if the detected values of the voltages are all in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s32, detecting the current of the battery pack 1 by the acquisition main board, and transmitting detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of the current exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack 1; if the detected values of the currents are all in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s34, the main control board estimates the internal temperature of the single battery 11; if the estimated value of the internal temperature of the single battery 11 exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack 1; if the estimated values of the internal temperatures of the unit batteries 11 are all within the normal range, the process goes to step S4.
In summary, the low-speed vehicle battery module disclosed by the invention is used for respectively collecting the voltage, the current and the temperature of the battery pack in a mode of setting the collecting module as the collecting main board and the collecting sub-board, wherein the collecting sub-board is used for independently collecting the temperature of the battery pack, so that the low-speed vehicle battery module disclosed by the invention can be used for calculating the internal temperature of the single battery in the existing estimation mode, and can be used for more directly detecting the external temperature of the single battery, thereby effectively improving the reaction efficiency of the low-speed vehicle battery module to external environmental temperature changes and further improving the use safety of the battery module in the running and charging processes of the low-speed vehicle. The BMS control method disclosed by the invention drives the acquisition sub-board to detect and store the surface temperature of the battery pack through the step S4, and transmits detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the temperature detection value exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be firstly ensured to be disconnected with an external load or a power supply in an abnormal temperature environment, the internal temperature of the single battery is reduced, and secondly, the alarm device can be driven to send out an alarm by sending out an alarm signal, so that a driver is warned to carry out emergency treatment in time.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A battery module for a low-speed vehicle, comprising: the battery pack, the BMS system and the acquisition module, wherein the acquisition end of the acquisition module is connected with the battery pack, and the acquisition module and the battery pack are respectively and electrically connected with the BMS system;
the BMS system comprises a main control board, the acquisition end of the acquisition sub-board is electrically connected with the battery pack, and the output end of the acquisition sub-board is in communication connection with the acquisition main board; the acquisition end of the acquisition main board is electrically connected with the battery pack, and the acquisition main board is in bidirectional communication connection with the main control board.
2. The battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the BMS system further comprises a hardware protection board, and an output end of the main control board is electrically connected to an input end of the hardware protection board; and the output end of the hardware protection plate is electrically connected with the battery pack.
3. The battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack includes a plurality of unit batteries, and the collecting end of the collecting sub-board and the collecting end of the collecting main board are electrically connected to the plurality of unit batteries, respectively.
4. The battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition main board comprises a first processing module, a first acquisition module and a first communication module, an input end of the first acquisition module is electrically connected with the battery pack, and an output end of the first acquisition module is electrically connected with an input end of the first processing module; the first communication module is arranged between the first processing module and the main control board, and the first processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the main control board through the first communication module.
5. The battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the collecting main board further comprises a first equalization module, an input end of the first equalization module is electrically connected to an output end of the first processing module, and an output end of the first equalization module is electrically connected to the battery pack.
6. The battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the collecting sub-board comprises a second processing module, a second collecting module and a second communication module, an input end of the second collecting module is electrically connected with the battery pack, and an output end of the second collecting module is electrically connected with an input end of the second processing module; the second communication module is arranged between the second processing module and the acquisition main board, and the second processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the acquisition main board through the second communication module.
7. The battery module for the low-speed vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the main control board is provided with a third processing module, a driving module and a third communication module, the third communication module is in bidirectional communication connection with the first communication module, and the third processing module is in bidirectional communication connection with the acquisition main board through the third communication module; the output end of the third processing module is electrically connected with the input end of the driving module; and the output end of the driving module is electrically connected with the hardware protection board.
8. The battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the main control board is further connected with an alarm device, and an output end of the main control board is electrically connected with an input end of the alarm device.
9. A BMS control method using the battery module for a low-speed vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the BMS control method comprising the steps of:
s1, initializing a BMS system;
s2, detecting the battery module before power-on by the main control board; if the detection result is abnormal, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; a plurality of detection results are normal, and the step S3 is skipped;
s3, the acquisition main board detects the voltage and the current of the battery pack, and transmits detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of one of the voltage, the current and the internal temperature of the battery exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the detected values of the voltage and the current are in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s4, the acquisition sub-board detects and stores the surface temperature of the battery pack, and transmits detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the temperature detection value exceeds the normal value range, the main control board sends an alarm signal to the alarm device for alarming and drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the temperature detection value is in the normal value range, jumping to the step S5;
s5, extracting the SOC data of the battery pack stored in the main control board to judge whether the battery pack needs to be balanced or not; if yes, driving the first equalization module to equalize a plurality of single batteries in the battery pack through the first processing module; if not, jumping to the step S6;
s6, the first processing module carries out SOC estimation according to the current and voltage detection values of the battery pack, and processes and stores data; and then jumps to step S3.
10. The BMS control method according to claim 9, wherein the step S3 comprises the steps of:
s31, the acquisition main board detects the voltage of the battery pack, and transmits detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of the voltage exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the detected values of the voltages are all in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s32, the acquisition main board detects the current of the battery pack, and transmits detection data to the main control board for storage and judgment; if the detected value of the current exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the detected values of the currents are all in the normal value range, jumping to the step S4;
s34, the main control board estimates the internal temperature of the single battery; if the estimated value of the internal temperature of the single battery exceeds the normal value range, the main control board drives the hardware protection board to carry out hardware protection on the battery pack; if the estimated values of the internal temperature of the single battery are all in the normal value range, the step S4 is skipped.
CN202311608141.7A 2023-11-29 2023-11-29 Battery module for low-speed vehicle and BMS control method Pending CN117533197A (en)

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CN111049228A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-21 杰之深(苏州)科技有限公司 Integrated lithium battery charging and discharging management system of handheld dust collector
CN112721735A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-30 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 Intelligent thermal management control method and control system for power battery
CN115732803A (en) * 2022-12-20 2023-03-03 重庆太蓝新能源有限公司 Battery module and temperature regulation and control method thereof
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN206379411U (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-08-04 武汉比亚迪汽车有限公司 A kind of battery modules and battery bag
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