CN117532444A

CN117532444A - Automatic grinding system for cam shaft

Info

Publication number: CN117532444A
Application number: CN202311406276.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵锦国; 陈孝君; 徐刚强; 周康康; 阚李近; 王勇; 杨康; 汤荣; 曹毅; 何占鹏; 王前进; 卢兆杰; 王栋; 李孝禄; 张新娜; 陈源
Original assignee: Zhejiang Boxing Industry And Trade Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Boxing Industry And Trade Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-26
Filing date: 2023-10-26
Publication date: 2024-02-09

Abstract

The application provides an automatic grinding system for a cam shaft. In the system, an X-axis motor is used for driving an X-axis workbench to move along a designated X-axis; the Z-axis motor is used for driving the X-axis workbench or the clamping mechanism to move along a designated Z axis; the C-axis motor is used for driving the clamped cam to be machined to rotate, and the WR-axis motor is used for adjusting the clamping force for clamping the cam shaft to be machined. When the system operates, the clamping mechanism clamps the camshaft to be processed, and the control module controls the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the C-axis motor and the WR-axis motor to operate based on a first dimension parameter of a preset expected camshaft, a second dimension parameter of the camshaft to be processed, the dimension of the grinding wheel and the abrasion loss of the grinding wheel, so that the B-axis motor drives the grinding wheel to rotate, and grinding processing is carried out on the camshaft to be processed. Therefore, the relative positions of the grinding wheel and the cam shaft to be machined are flexibly adjusted, and machining errors caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel are reduced.

Description

Automatic grinding system for cam shaft

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cam shaft grinding, in particular to an automatic cam shaft grinding system.

Background

Camshafts are commonly used as components in engines and function to control the opening and closing actions of the valves. In the manufacturing process of a camshaft, a raw blank is ground by a grinding wheel, usually by a machining device, so that a camshaft of a desired size is machined. The process of the existing processing equipment is limited, and the relative position of the grinding wheel and the camshaft cannot be flexibly adjusted in the processing process of the existing camshaft, so that the efficiency of processing operation is affected. In addition, the abrasion exists in the grinding process of the grinding wheel, and the abrasion of the grinding wheel easily causes the error of the cam shaft to be larger and larger.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing, an object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an automatic grinding system for a camshaft, which can improve the problems that the relative position of a grinding wheel and a camshaft to be processed cannot be flexibly adjusted and the processing error is large due to the abrasion of the grinding wheel.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

the embodiment of the application provides an automatic grinding system for a cam shaft, which comprises the following components:

the device comprises a control module, a B-axis motor, an X-axis motor, a Z-axis motor, a clamping mechanism and an X-axis workbench, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a C-axis motor and a WR-axis motor;

the B-axis motor is arranged on the X-axis workbench, and a rotating shaft of the B-axis motor is used for being connected with a grinding wheel;

the X-axis motor is used for driving the X-axis workbench to move along a designated X axis;

the Z-axis motor is used for driving the X-axis workbench or the clamping mechanism to move along a designated Z axis;

the C-axis motor and the WR-axis motor are used for clamping a cam shaft to be machined, the C-axis motor is used for driving the clamped cam shaft to be machined to rotate, and the WR-axis motor is used for adjusting clamping force for clamping the cam shaft to be machined;

when the system is operated, the clamping mechanism clamps the camshaft to be machined, the control module generates control parameters based on a first size parameter of a preset expected camshaft, a second size parameter of the camshaft to be machined, the size of the grinding wheel and the abrasion loss of the grinding wheel, and controls the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the C-axis motor and the WR-axis motor to operate based on the control parameters so that the B-axis motor drives the grinding wheel to rotate to grind the camshaft to be machined.

In some optional embodiments, the automatic camshaft grinding system further includes a Z-axis table, the C-axis motor and the WR-axis motor in the clamping mechanism are disposed at intervals on the Z-axis table, and the Z-axis motor is configured to drive the Z-axis table to move along a specified Z-axis.

In some optional embodiments, the clamping mechanism further comprises a headstock and a tailstock, the headstock is provided with a first center for supporting the camshaft to be machined, the tailstock is provided with a second center for supporting the camshaft to be machined, and the C-axis motor is arranged on the headstock;

the tail frame comprises an elastic piece and a connecting piece, the elastic piece is sleeved in a sleeve of the tail frame, one end of the elastic piece is connected with the second center, and the other end of the elastic piece is connected with the connecting piece;

the WR shaft motor is arranged on the tailstock, a rotating shaft of the WR shaft motor is connected with the connecting piece through a screw rod, and the WR shaft motor is used for driving the screw rod to rotate so as to drive the connecting piece, the elastic piece and the second center to move towards the first center or move away from the first center through the screw rod.

In some optional embodiments, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the first center and the second center clamping the camshaft to be processed is further arranged on the tailstock;

when the clamping mechanism clamps the camshaft to be machined, the control module is used for generating a correction signal when pressure data acquired by the pressure sensor is not in a preset pressure range, controlling the WR shaft motor to drive the screw rod to rotate based on the correction signal so as to adjust the clamping force, and enabling the pressure data acquired by the pressure sensor after the adjustment of the screw rod to be in the preset pressure range.

In some optional embodiments, the clamping mechanism is further provided with a position sensor electrically connected with the control module, and the position sensor is used for detecting whether the current position of the camshaft to be processed clamped by the clamping mechanism is a designated position or not; and the control module is also used for controlling the B-axis motor to stop running when the current position is not the designated position, so that the grinding wheel stops grinding.

In some optional embodiments, the C-axis motor includes a torque motor and a circular grating ruler, both of which are electrically connected with the control module, wherein the circular grating ruler is used for detecting a current rotation angle of a rotating shaft of the torque motor;

if the angle difference between the current rotation angle and the expected target rotation angle in the control parameter exceeds a preset angle, the control module is used for adjusting the rotation angle of the torque motor rotating shaft according to the angle difference, so that the adjusted angle difference is smaller than the preset angle;

the X-axis motor comprises a linear motor and a linear grating ruler which are electrically connected with the control module, and the linear grating ruler is used for detecting the current position of the X-axis workbench on the appointed X-axis;

and if the distance difference between the current position and the expected target position in the control parameter exceeds a preset distance, the control module is used for controlling the X-axis motor to drive the X-axis workbench to move according to the distance difference, so that the distance difference after moving is smaller than the preset distance.

In some alternative embodiments, the automatic camshaft grinding system further includes a cooling device for cooling a machining site where the grinding wheel contacts the camshaft to be machined, the cooling device being configured to deliver a cooling fluid to the machining site.

In some optional embodiments, the automatic camshaft grinding system further includes a communication module and a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a data set of the automatic camshaft grinding system, the data set includes running state data of the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the C-axis motor and the WR-axis motor, real-time dimension data of the camshaft to be processed, and the communication module is used for sending the data set to a server;

the server is used for storing the data sets in a pre-created database in a classified mode, and when receiving a data query instruction sent by a user terminal, the server responds to the data query instruction through a visual interface of the server so as to send data for visualization to the user terminal.

In some optional embodiments, the automatic camshaft grinding system further comprises a prompt module electrically connected with the control module, wherein the control module is further used for determining the abrasion loss of the grinding wheel based on the number of camshafts processed by the grinding wheel and compensating the distance that the X-axis motor drives the X-axis workbench to move based on the abrasion loss; when the abrasion loss exceeds the preset abrasion loss, the control prompt module sends out prompt information representing the abrasion wheel to be dressed.

In some alternative embodiments, when the first dimensional parameter of the desired camshaft characterizes the desired camshaft as having a concave surface, the control module is further configured to control operation of the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor, and the C-axis motor based on a preset control strategy corresponding to the concave surface.

The invention adopting the technical scheme has the following advantages:

in the technical scheme that this application provided, camshaft automatic grinding system has control module, B axle motor, X axle motor, Z axle motor, X axle workstation, C axle motor and WR axle motor. Under the control of the control module, the X-axis motor can drive the X-axis workbench, the B-axis motor on the X-axis workbench and the grinding wheel to move along a designated X-axis; the Z-axis motor can drive the X-axis workbench or the clamping mechanism to move along a designated Z axis; the C-axis motor can drive the clamped cam to be machined to rotate, and the WR-axis motor can adjust the clamping force for clamping the cam shaft to be machined, so that the relative positions of the grinding wheel and the cam shaft to be machined can be flexibly adjusted from multiple angles. In addition, the abrasion loss of the grinding wheel is combined, so that the grinding processing can be compensated, and the processing error caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel is reduced.

Drawings

The present application may be further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present application and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the person of ordinary skill in the art may derive other relevant drawings from the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an automatic grinding system for a camshaft according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic grinding system for a camshaft according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of information content included in a database according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of grinding wheel error compensation according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of cam process data conversion according to an embodiment of the present application.

Icon: 100-clamping mechanism; 110-headstock; a 120-C axis motor; 121-a torque motor; 122-a circular grating ruler; 123-a first center; 130-tailstock; 141-WR shaft motor; 142-screw rod; 143-a connector; 144-sleeve; 145-second tip.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, and it should be noted that in the drawings or the description of the specification, similar or identical parts use the same reference numerals, and implementations not shown or described in the drawings are in a form known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the embodiment of the present application provides an automatic grinding system for a camshaft, which may include a control module, a B-axis motor, an X-axis motor, a Z-axis motor, a clamping mechanism 100 and an X-axis table, wherein the clamping mechanism 100 includes a C-axis motor 120 and a WR-axis motor 141.

Referring again to fig. 1, in the camshaft automatic grinding system, each motor has a corresponding motor driver. For example, the B-axis motor is provided with a B-axis motor driver, the C-axis motor 120 is provided with a C-axis motor driver, the X-axis motor is provided with an X-axis motor driver, the Z-axis motor is provided with a Z-axis motor driver, and the WR-axis motor 141 is provided with a WR-axis motor driver. The control module can control the motor driver so as to realize the operation control of various motors.

In this embodiment, the B-axis motor may be fixedly disposed on the X-axis table, and the rotating shaft of the B-axis motor is used to be connected with the grinding wheel. The B-axis motor can drive the grinding wheel to rotate through the rotating shaft so as to grind and process the camshaft workpiece to be processed through the rotation of the grinding wheel, wherein the camshaft workpiece to be processed is the camshaft to be processed. The size and the material of the grinding wheel can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions. For example, the grinding wheel may be a CBN (cubic boron nitride) grinding wheel or a diamond wheel. The outer diameter of the grinding wheel may be 600 mm or 400 mm or the like.

Referring to fig. 2, the X-axis motor is used to drive the X-axis table to move along a designated X-axis. The X-axis motor can comprise a linear motor and a linear grating ruler which are electrically connected with the control module, and the linear grating ruler is used for detecting the current position of the X-axis workbench on a designated X-axis.

The Z-axis motor is used to drive the X-axis table or clamping mechanism 100 to move along a designated Z-axis. Wherein the Z axis and the X axis are mutually perpendicular or nearly perpendicular. For example, in fig. 2, the X-axis represents the longitudinal direction and the Z-axis represents the transverse direction.

In the present embodiment, the C-axis motor 120 and the WR-axis motor 141 are used to clamp the camshaft to be machined, the C-axis motor 120 is used to drive the clamped cam to be machined to rotate, and the WR-axis motor 141 is used to adjust the clamping force to clamp the camshaft to be machined. The C-axis motor 120 may include a torque motor 121 and a circular grating scale 122, which are all electrically connected to the control module, where the circular grating scale 122 is used to detect a current rotation angle of the rotating shaft of the torque motor 121.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the clamping mechanism 100 may further include a headstock 110 and a tailstock 130, the headstock 110 is provided with a first center 123 for supporting a camshaft to be machined, the tailstock 130 is provided with a second center 145 for supporting the camshaft to be machined, and the c-axis motor 120 is fixedly disposed on the headstock 110.

The tailstock 130 includes an elastic member and a connecting member 143, the elastic member is sleeved in a sleeve 144 of the tailstock 130, one end of the elastic member is connected with the second center 145, and the other end of the elastic member is fixedly connected with the connecting member 143. The elastic piece can be a spring or a shrapnel. When the camshaft to be machined is ground, the elastic piece can play a role in adjusting and buffering, and the second center 145 of the tailstock 130 is prevented from being propped against the rigidity of the camshaft, so that the flexible machining of the camshaft can be realized.

The WR shaft motor 141 is fixedly arranged on the tailstock 130, a rotating shaft of the WR shaft motor 141 is connected with the connecting piece 143 through the screw rod 142, and the WR shaft motor 141 is used for driving the screw rod 142 to rotate so as to drive the connecting piece 143, the elastic piece and the second center 145 to move towards the first center 123 or move away from the first center 123 through the screw rod 142.

The screw 142 is understandably a rod-like structure provided with external threads. The connection member 143 may be a connection plate provided with a threaded opening that is matched with and penetrates the screw rod 142, and the screw rod 142 penetrates the connection member 143 through the threaded opening. The WR shaft motor 141 is fixedly arranged on the tailstock 130, when the camshaft to be machined is ground, the first center 123 of the headstock 110 is propped against one end of the camshaft to be machined, the second center 145 of the tailstock 130 is aligned with the other end of the camshaft to be machined, then the control module controls and starts the WR shaft motor 141 (which may be a servo motor), the rotating shaft of the WR shaft motor 141 rotates, thereby driving the screw rod 142 to rotate, and the screw rod 142 rotates, thereby driving the connecting piece 143 to move linearly along the screw rod 142, such as to move towards the headstock 110 or away from the headstock 110. If the link 143 moves in the direction of the head frame 110, the elastic member in the sleeve 144 and the second tip 145 of the tail frame 130 are pushed to move so as to clamp the camshaft to be processed.

As an alternative embodiment, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the first center 123 and the second center 145 clamping the camshaft to be processed is further provided on the tailstock 130. When the clamping mechanism 100 clamps the camshaft to be machined, the control module is used for generating a correction signal when pressure data acquired by the pressure sensor is not in a preset pressure range, and controlling the WR shaft motor 141 to drive the screw rod 142 to rotate based on the correction signal so as to adjust the clamping force, and enabling the pressure data acquired by the pressure sensor after the adjustment of the screw rod 142 to be in the preset pressure range. The preset pressure range can be flexibly determined according to actual conditions.

It is understood that the pressure sensor may be disposed at the connection between the elastic member and the second center 145, and the pressure sensor may indirectly detect the clamping force of the first center 123 and the second center 145 for clamping the camshaft to be machined by collecting the pressure between the elastic member and the second center 145. In this way, it is possible to detect whether the clamping force of the camshaft to be machined is in a virtual or overpressure state. The setting position of the pressure sensor can be flexibly determined according to practical situations, so long as the pressure of the second center 145 applied to the camshaft to be processed can be detected.

If the pressure is too large or too small (for example, the collected clamping force is not in the preset pressure range), the pressure sensor transmits detected pressure data to the control module, the control module can control the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the WR shaft motor 141 again, the connecting piece 143 is driven to linearly move through the screw rod 142, and then the thrust of the push rod to the sleeve 144 is adjusted, so that the clamping pressure of the camshaft to be machined is adjusted, and the camshaft to be machined is always kept under the proper clamping force, so that the grinding machining precision of the camshaft is ensured.

As an alternative embodiment, the clamping mechanism 100 is further provided with a position sensor electrically connected with the control module, and the position sensor is used for detecting whether the current position of the clamping mechanism 100 for clamping the camshaft to be processed is a designated position; the control module is also used for controlling the B-axis motor to stop running when the current position is not the designated position so as to stop grinding of the grinding wheel.

The designated position can be flexibly determined according to practical conditions and is usually the center of the radial cross section of the camshaft to be processed. For example, the position sensor may detect whether the contact position of the second center 145 with the camshaft to be processed is the center of the cross section of the camshaft to be processed, and if the contact position is the center, the workpiece is accurately in place; if the contacted position is not the circle center, the workpiece is shown to be inaccurate in position, at the moment, the position sensor feeds back a signal to the control module, so that the control module stops the operation of the B-axis motor based on the signal, and the grinding wheel is stopped to start grinding, so that the accurate clamping of the product each time is ensured, and the accident that the grinding wheel impacts the workpiece can be effectively prevented.

When the system is in operation, the clamping mechanism 100 clamps the camshaft to be processed, the control module generates control parameters based on a first dimension parameter of a preset expected camshaft, a second dimension parameter of the camshaft to be processed, the dimension of the grinding wheel and the abrasion loss of the grinding wheel, and controls the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the C-axis motor 120 and the WR-axis motor 141 to operate based on the control parameters so that the B-axis motor drives the grinding wheel to rotate to grind the camshaft to be processed.

The first dimension parameter of the expected camshaft is a parameter designed by a user in advance, which can be understood as the dimension parameter of the finished camshaft after processing, and can be flexibly determined according to actual conditions. The second dimension parameter can be real-time dimension parameter of the camshaft to be processed, which is obtained by collecting real-time processing conditions of the camshaft to be processed through a sonar detector, a laser radar and other collecting modules. The size of the grinding wheel is data obtained by measuring in advance. The amount of wear may be data acquired by a sensor or based on the number of camshafts that the grinding wheel has machined. The control parameters may include data such as rotational speed and rotational angle of each motor, e.g., progress of the B-axis motor, progress of the Z-axis motor.

Understandably, for the X-axis motor, if the distance difference between the current position acquired by the linear grating ruler and the expected target position in the control parameter exceeds the preset distance, the control module is configured to control the X-axis motor to drive the X-axis workbench to move according to the distance difference, so that the distance difference after moving is smaller than the preset distance. The preset distance may be flexibly set according to actual situations, and is not particularly limited herein.

For the C-axis motor 120, if the angle difference between the current rotation angle collected by the circular grating ruler 122 and the desired target rotation angle in the control parameter exceeds the preset angle, the control module is configured to adjust the rotation angle of the rotation shaft of the torque motor 121 according to the angle difference, so that the adjusted angle difference is smaller than the preset angle.

The C-axis motor 120 and the WR-axis motor 141 may be fixed on the machine table, and the Z-axis motor may drive the X-axis table to move back and forth along the Z-axis. Since the C-axis motor 120 and the WR-axis motor 141 are fixed to the bed table, it is advantageous to improve rigidity and accuracy. The distance between the headstock 110 and the tailstock 130 can be flexibly adjusted to improve the flexibility of clamping, so that the positions of the cam shaft and the grinding wheel can be conveniently and rapidly adjusted, and meanwhile, when the product is changed, the distance between the first center 123 and the second center 145 can be adjusted through the WR shaft motor 141 to clamp cam shafts with different lengths despite inconsistent lengths of the cam shafts, thereby saving the trouble of manually adjusting the distance between the headstock 110 and the tailstock 130 and further being beneficial to improving the processing efficiency and the position precision.

In another embodiment, the automatic camshaft grinding system may further include a Z-axis table, where the C-axis motor 120 and the WR-axis motor 141 in the clamping mechanism 100 may be disposed at intervals, and the Z-axis motor is configured to drive the Z-axis table to move along a specified Z-axis. Wherein, Z axle workstation and X axle workstation are all installed on camshaft automatic grinding system's lathe bed workstation.

The Z-axis motor can comprise a servo motor and a ball screw, and the servo motor can drive the Z-axis workbench to reciprocate along the ball screw through the ball screw so as to complete rapid axial positioning and movement of the camshaft workpiece and the grinding wheel in the Z-axis direction. The servo motor and the ball screw can be connected through the cross sliding table body in a transmission way. The upper part of the cross sliding table body adopts a U-shaped structure, which is based on the consideration of the assembly space of the Z-axis bearing seat, weight reduction and mechanical performance.

As an example, the corresponding index for each shaft motor may be as follows: continuous thrust 3300N of the X-axis linear motor and peak thrust 6500N; the resolution of the linear grating ruler is +/-0.0001 mm, the repetition precision is +/-0.0025 mm, and the positioning precision is +/-0.003 mm. The C-axis rotation direct drive torque motor 121 continues torque 69.7Nm, maximum torque 167Nm, maximum rotation speed 200rpm, and adopts a circular grating 12227 bit (134 217 728 counts per revolution, about 0.0097 angular seconds) with repetition accuracy + -3 'and positioning accuracy + -5'.

In this embodiment, the control module may accurately control the C, X, Z, WR shaft and the rotational speed of the grinding wheel based on the control parameters, so as to implement precise interpolation of the grinding wheel feed and the cam angle, precise positioning of the cam and the headstock 110, and various auxiliary functions including start and stop of the grinding wheel B shaft motor, cooling, lubrication, monitoring of the protection system, and processing of the enabling, zeroing and limiting signals of each shaft. In addition, the control module can combine the abrasion loss of the grinding wheel to dynamically compensate the error of the position of the grinding wheel on the X axis. Understandably, after the control parameters are obtained, the manner in which the grinding wheel processes the cam to be processed is a conventional manner, and will not be described herein.

As an alternative embodiment, the automatic camshaft grinding system further comprises a cooling device for cooling the machining site where the grinding wheel contacts the camshaft to be machined, the cooling device being used for delivering a cooling liquid to the machining site. The cooling fluid may be a lubricating oil.

In the high-speed grinding process, a special cooling device is arranged on a grinding machine to fully exert the grinding performance of a grinding wheel in order to prevent the defects of surface burn, crack and the like caused by high temperature and friction on the surface of a camshaft workpiece; the high-speed grinding wheel grinding and diamond roller continuous dressing process is adopted, an automatic balancing device is adopted for the grinding wheel, and an AE (Analog Equipment) is adopted for eliminating idle running, so that the production efficiency and the processing quality of products are ensured.

As an alternative embodiment, the automatic grinding system for the camshaft further comprises a communication module and a data acquisition module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a data set of the automatic grinding system for the camshaft. The data set may include, but is not limited to, operational status data of the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the C-axis motor 120, and the WR-axis motor 141, real-time dimension data of the camshaft to be processed, and the communication module is configured to transmit the data set to the server. It is understood that the data set may also include data acquired by the data acquisition module from sensors such as a linear scale, a circular scale 122, a pressure sensor, and the like.

In this embodiment, the camshaft automatic grinding system may integrate a networked database, servo control and machine learning algorithms, and system simulation and industry expert case systems to form an automatic grinding system software platform with process optimization features. The key system modules in the software platform can comprise a grinding control system, a grinding equipment remote monitoring system and a self-learning self-growth self-optimizing process database.

The automatic grinding system of the camshaft determines interpolation control parameters of each shaft CNC (Computerized Numerical Control, computer numerical control) according to a control strategy obtained by system modeling and simulation analysis, and performs closed-loop control of a speed loop, a current loop and a position according to servo sensing and vibration and signal feedback of a temperature sensor. In the initial adjustment stage of the system, engineers combine dynamic simulation and analysis, and parameter correction and G code program optimization can be carried out through a touch screen interaction interface, so that technological parameters are optimized. Along with the collection and integration processing of equipment state monitoring data, the system continuously updates a control system model through the extraction of the running state data characteristics in the process of cam grinding by machine learning, and autonomous perception, analysis, decision making and control are realized to a certain extent.

The cam shaft automatic grinding system can be freely switched between an NC shaft position interpolation mode and a speed control mode through the circulation control of rough grinding, fine grinding and finish grinding, and precise and efficient cam and outer circle grinding processing can be realized through one machine, wherein the NC shaft position interpolation mode and the speed control mode are conventional control modes and are not repeated herein.

The automatic grinding system of the cam shaft can also compensate machining errors, errors caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel and the like. If the diameter of the grinding wheel changes, the forming data of the cam can be updated accordingly, so that cam contour errors caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel are eliminated, and the machining precision is further improved.

The server is used for storing the data sets in a pre-established database in a classified mode, and when the server receives a data query instruction sent by the user terminal, the server responds to the data query instruction through a visual interface of the server so as to send visual data to the user terminal, so that the remote monitoring of the running condition of the automatic cam shaft grinding system can be realized.

The cam shaft automatic grinding system is combined with the server, and can collect, display and store the running state data in the cam grinding process in real time. The remote monitoring software may include 4 pages: the 'connection information' page can set an equipment IP address to be connected, connect equipment after selecting NC type and system number, and display state record and alarm information of the connection process; displaying and recording machine axis coordinate information and NC state information on a status parameter page; the servo curve can check the history curve of the speed and the load of the servo motor; the "program management" page may upload and download G-code.

The server may pre-build the database in the manner of an SQL relational database. The database may include a standard workpiece database, a process parameter database, and a grinding machine monitoring database. In this way, so as to express a relationship between a large amount of information of the grinding entity. The information which is required to be frequently exchanged in the grinding process is analyzed into an object-oriented XML document, so that cross-platform information exchange is realized.

The process database content may include specific information about the process problem. As an example, the information content included in the database of the automatic camshaft grinding system may be as shown in fig. 4, and the data information shown in fig. 4 is conventional information, which is not described herein.

The standard workpiece database may include workpiece base information, quality inspection information, and cam lobe information; the grinding wheel information comprises the outer diameter, width, aperture and the like of the grinding wheel; the grinding machine information comprises maximum speed, stroke, positioning accuracy of each shaft, maximum lift of a machining cam, errors and the like; the grinding technological parameters include base circle rotation speed, feeding speed, grinding allowance, etc. of coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing.

The database background is embedded with conventional algorithms such as information exchange and conversion algorithms, and the like, so that a unified model of three major types of flat-tip-circle conversion algorithms can be built by integrating multi-type cam lift data such as centering, offset, concave surface and the like based on a visual interaction interface. Aiming at the problem that the cam processing precision with a concave surface is difficult to guarantee, the grinding mode of the multi-grinding wheel combination is adopted for grinding, so that the processing precision of the whole cam lift is guaranteed, and the grinding efficiency can be improved. The lift data segment conversion and the fine grinding process data global synthesis are carried out according to two steps of concave surface filling-large grinding wheel concave surface processing, local data fitting-small grinding wheel fine grinding through cam contour line curvature characteristic analysis and calculation.

The server can establish a geometric framework model of the grinding process system and a motion model of the grinding process system based on CAD/CAM, and can realize functions of virtual simulation environment of camshaft grinding process, simulation of machining motion and the like based on the models. Based on simulation analysis conclusion, the processing technology case can be designed, and is integrated with the cam lift switching and process generation algorithm in a mode of class-attribute-method of the object-oriented database, so that the information exchange, process conversion and process parameter optimization of dynamic data are realized, and the association relation between the processing technology parameter and the quality characteristic is analyzed through an actual orthogonal test.

The server can integrate a process database of an information exchange-data conversion algorithm and has the characteristic of self-learning and self-growing and self-optimizing of grinding process information. And calculating the motion data of each motion shaft machining process of the machine tool by combining specific parameters of specific camshaft parts and a grinding process scheme thereof. The server can obtain a numerical calculation program for optimizing and adjusting the cam rotating speed by adopting a cubic spline interpolation method according to the theoretical principle of optimizing and adjusting the cam shaft grinding processing speed, so as to be used by an automatic cam shaft grinding system. The server can autonomously select speed optimization feature points according to the machining precision requirement, the cam machining corner is segmented by utilizing the curvature of the motion trail of the grinding wheel relative to the cam, the machining corner step length and the rotating speed are optimized, the machining efficiency is improved, and the problems of insufficient precision and response lag caused by overlarge acceleration of the grinding wheel carrier at the joint of the ascending section and the descending section of the cam and the buffer section are avoided.

The server can provide a visual interface for manual analysis for cam line type data analysis, parameter optimization and anomaly diagnosis through visual simulation calculation software combined with the digital so as to generate a typical case of the initial stage of process database application.

The automatic grinding system of the cam shaft, the server and the user terminal are combined, so that the remote monitoring of the automatic grinding system of the cam shaft can be realized. The automatic grinding system of the cam shaft can be provided with sensors (such as vibration sensors and temperature sensors) for detecting information of vibration, temperature and the like of each motor, and the sensors and the quality detection data of processed products are integrated. Characteristic parameters corresponding to maximum speed, maximum acceleration and feeding precision of the machine tool under different processing tracks are analyzed by using methods such as statistical analysis and time-frequency analysis, process data in the machine tool are mined by using a neural network, a genetic algorithm and the like, influence factor analysis and records corresponding to positive and negative effects are generated, for example, the pre-judgment of a region with insufficient precision of a sensitive point in a uniform angular velocity process is performed, the judgment of a region with too large and too small linear velocity step length of the constant linear velocity processing process is performed, and a knowledge base is provided for process optimization of a grinding system running in real time.

In order to ensure safe, reliable and efficient operation of the system, in the initial stage of operation of the grinding machine, the optimization strategy can be determined in a man-machine cooperation mode for optimizing the processing process data of a special-shaped new workpiece (such as a new-size cam shaft). For example, in the process optimization of a new concave cam product, the negative curve position is calculated through the assistance of a computer, the contact states of the grinding wheel and the cam at different points are observed manually, the point location range of the segmentation step optimization is determined from a global angle by combining precision and efficiency constraint conditions, then finer specific parameters are determined through test verification and machine learning, the step length is increased when the precision is too high, and the corresponding time of the step length is prolonged when the precision is insufficient.

Referring to FIG. 5, as an alternative embodiment, the automatic camshaft grinding system may further include a reminder module electrically connected to the control module. The alert module may be, but is not limited to, an alert light, a speaker, a display screen, etc. The control module is also used for determining the abrasion loss of the grinding wheel based on the number of camshafts processed by the grinding wheel and compensating the distance that the X-axis motor drives the X-axis workbench to move based on the abrasion loss so as to compensate the moving position of the grinding wheel; when the abrasion loss exceeds the preset abrasion loss, the control prompt module sends out prompt information representing the abrasion wheel to be dressed.

Understandably, the automatic camshaft grinding system stores in advance a table of the relation of the amounts of wear of different kinds of camshafts to be machined and different kinds of grinding wheels. That is, the relation table describes the wear amounts of the camshafts of the different types of grinding wheels having finished working a single corresponding type. Based on the table and the number of camshafts processed, the amount of wear of the grinding wheel can be determined.

When the distance of the grinding wheel on the X axis is compensated, the real-time size of the machining part of the camshaft to be machined, which is acquired by the sonar detector, can be combined, if the real-time size does not reach the preset diameter value, the interpolation data of the X axis and the C axis are recalculated based on the difference value of the real-time size and the preset diameter value, and the control parameters are updated. Then, the control module performs compensation control on the X-axis motor and the C-axis motor 120 based on the updated control parameters. The dressing grinding wheel may be replaced with a new grinding wheel, or the grinding wheel may be maintained by a dressing tool, and the dressing mode is a conventional mode and will not be described herein. After dressing the wheel, the wheel may be re-sized to facilitate regeneration of the control parameters based on the dressed wheel.

As an alternative embodiment, when the first dimensional parameter of the desired camshaft characterizes the desired camshaft as having a concave surface, the control module is further configured to control the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor, and the C-axis motor 120 to operate based on a preset control strategy corresponding to the concave surface.

Referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, the preset control policy may be flexibly determined according to the actual situation. For example, a profile parameter calculation is performed based on a first dimensional parameter (including a lift data set, such as a base radius of a camshaft, a gauge head radius, an eccentricity, etc.), and a cam profile is obtained, and if the cam profile includes a concave surface, a concave surface curvature calculation is performed. The concave surface is usually ground by a small grinding wheel, at this time, the progress of the small grinding wheel needs to be calculated, local spline curve fitting is performed, and then the output of concave surface accurate grinding data and global accurate grinding data are performed to serve as corresponding control parameters. The calculation process of each parameter in the global fine grinding data is a conventional manner, and the sizes of the small grinding wheel and the large grinding wheel can be flexibly selected according to actual situations, which is not described herein.

If the contour graph of the cam does not have a concave surface, calculating corresponding control parameters based on the grinding flow of the large grinding wheel, wherein the process of calculating the overall fine grinding data of the large grinding wheel is a conventional mode and is not repeated here.

In this embodiment, the server may automatically query the workpiece database based on the first dimensional parameter of the desired camshaft, the initial dimensional parameter of the camshaft to be processed, and the first dimensional parameter of the desired camshaft sent by the camshaft automatic grinding system. The workpiece database can be pre-stored with association relations of expected camshafts of different types and sizes, camshafts to be processed and process data, wherein the process data is the control parameters of the X-axis motor and the B-axis motor. When the matched process data is found, returning the process data; and when no matched process data exists, calling an embedded conversion program, and automatically generating the process data corresponding to the given grinding wheel radius based on a preset flat-round-sharp unified conversion model. When the network cooperative control mode is selected, the database server can automatically generate available G codes of the machine tool and send the G codes to a program management module of a monitoring program of the automatic cam shaft grinding system for remote loading of the machining program, so that the automatic updating of the machining process is realized. If the change of the radius of the grinding wheel after finishing is obtained through a database, the process data is automatically refreshed, and the processing technological parameters are updated.

In this embodiment, the control module may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. For example, the control module may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or may implement or perform the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in embodiments of the present application.

It will be appreciated that the circuit configuration of the automatic camshaft grinding system shown in fig. 1 is only a schematic configuration and that the automatic camshaft grinding system may also include more components than those shown in fig. 1. The components shown in fig. 1 may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus, system, and method may be implemented in other manners as well. The above-described apparatus, systems, and method embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, flow charts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form a single part, or each module may exist alone, or two or more modules may be integrated to form a single part.

The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations may be suggested to one skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic camshaft grinding system, the system comprising:

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the automatic camshaft grinding system further comprises a Z-axis table, the C-axis motor and the WR-axis motor in the clamping mechanism are disposed at intervals on the Z-axis table, and the Z-axis motor is configured to drive the Z-axis table to move along a designated Z-axis.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the clamping mechanism further comprises a headstock provided with a first tip for abutting the camshaft to be machined and a tailstock provided with a second tip for abutting the camshaft to be machined, the C-axis motor being provided on the headstock;

4. A system according to claim 3, wherein the tailstock is further provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the first center and the second center clamping the camshaft to be processed;

5. A system according to claim 3, wherein the clamping mechanism is further provided with a position sensor electrically connected to the control module, the position sensor being for detecting whether the current position of the camshaft to be machined clamped by the clamping mechanism is a specified position; and the control module is also used for controlling the B-axis motor to stop running when the current position is not the designated position, so that the grinding wheel stops grinding.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the C-axis motor comprises a torque motor and a circular grating scale, both of which are electrically connected with the control module, the circular grating scale being used for detecting a current rotation angle of a rotating shaft of the torque motor;

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the automatic camshaft grinding system further comprises a cooling device for cooling a machining location where the grinding wheel contacts the camshaft to be machined, the cooling device being for delivering a cooling fluid to the machining location.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the automatic camshaft grinding system further comprises a communication module and a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a data set of the automatic camshaft grinding system, the data set comprises running state data of the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor, the Z-axis motor, the C-axis motor and the WR-axis motor, real-time dimension data of the camshaft to be processed, and the communication module is used for sending the data set to a server;

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the automatic camshaft grinding system further comprises a reminder module electrically connected to the control module, the control module further configured to determine the amount of wear of the grinding wheel based on the number of camshafts that the grinding wheel has processed, and compensate for the distance the X-axis motor moves the X-axis table based on the amount of wear; when the abrasion loss exceeds the preset abrasion loss, the control prompt module sends out prompt information representing the abrasion wheel to be dressed.

10. The system of any one of claims 1-9, wherein when a first dimension of the desired camshaft

When the parameter characterizes the desired camshaft as having a concave surface, the control module is further configured to, based on a preset control strategy corresponding to the concave surface,

and controlling the B-axis motor, the X-axis motor and the C-axis motor to run.