CN117525843A - Electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses electronic equipment, electronic equipment includes antenna structure, antenna structure includes: a feed port; the first antenna unit comprises a first antenna main branch and a first antenna parasitic branch, the first antenna main branch is connected with the feed port, the direction of the first antenna main branch and the first antenna parasitic branch extending along the circumferential direction of the electronic equipment is a first direction, and the first antenna unit is used for receiving signals; the second antenna unit comprises a second antenna main branch and a second antenna parasitic branch, the second antenna main branch is connected with the feed port, the direction along which the second antenna main branch and the second antenna parasitic branch circumferentially extend is a second direction, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, and the second antenna unit is used for transmitting signals.

Description

Electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to electronic equipment.

Background

With the development of integrated communication technology of landing, sea, air and sky, satellite communication is becoming more and more a concern. In the related art, when the satellite communication technology is applied to an electronic device, the electronic device adopts a linear polarized antenna, and the faraday rotation effect exists when a satellite passes through an ionosphere, so that the rotation direction of electromagnetic waves is changed due to the linear polarized antenna, and the communication effect of the electronic device is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an electronic device, which at least solves one of the problems of poor communication effect of the electronic device.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, including an antenna structure, where the antenna structure includes:

a feed port;

the first antenna unit comprises a first antenna main branch and a first antenna parasitic branch, the first antenna main branch is connected with the feed port, the direction of the first antenna main branch and the first antenna parasitic branch extending along the circumferential direction of the electronic equipment is a first direction, and the first antenna unit is used for receiving signals;

the second antenna unit comprises a second antenna main branch and a second antenna parasitic branch, the second antenna main branch is connected with the feed port, the direction along which the second antenna main branch and the second antenna parasitic branch circumferentially extend is a second direction, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, and the second antenna unit is used for transmitting signals.

In an embodiment of the present application, an electronic device includes an antenna structure, where the antenna structure includes: a feed port; the first antenna unit comprises a first antenna main branch and a first antenna parasitic branch, the first antenna main branch is connected with the feed port, the direction of the first antenna main branch and the first antenna parasitic branch extending along the circumferential direction of the electronic equipment is a first direction, and the first antenna unit is used for receiving signals; the second antenna unit comprises a second antenna main branch and a second antenna parasitic branch, the second antenna main branch is connected with the feed port, the direction along which the second antenna main branch and the second antenna parasitic branch circumferentially extend is a second direction, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, and the second antenna unit is used for transmitting signals. Like this, through setting up first antenna main branch, first antenna parasitic branch, second antenna main branch and the parasitic branch of second antenna, first antenna main branch and the parasitic branch of first antenna follow the direction that electronic equipment circumference extends with second antenna main branch and the parasitic branch of second antenna follow the direction that electronic equipment circumference extends is opposite, can support the realization of the circular polarization of antenna to can improve electronic equipment's communication effect.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a third schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a fifth schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a seventh schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram eighth of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a diagram of an S-parameter display interface according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a Smith chart display interface diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a diagram of a simulated antenna efficiency display interface according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a diagram of a left-hand circularly polarized display interface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 is a right-hand circularly polarized display interface diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is one of the axial ratio display interface diagrams provided in the embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a second aspect of an axial ratio display interface provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a diagram of one current distribution display interface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a second diagram of a current distribution display interface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functionality throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

The features of the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and in the claims of this application may be used for descriptive or implicit inclusion of one or more such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/", generally means that the associated object is an "or" relationship.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counter-clockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the term "connected" should be construed broadly, and for example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.

The electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail below through specific embodiments and application scenes thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including an antenna structure, where the antenna structure includes:

a feed port 10;

a first antenna unit 20, where the first antenna unit 20 includes a first antenna main branch 21 and a first antenna parasitic branch 22, the first antenna main branch 21 is connected to the feed port 10, a direction along which the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 extend in a circumferential direction of the electronic device is a first direction, and the first antenna unit 20 is configured to receive a signal;

the second antenna unit 30, the second antenna unit 30 includes a second antenna main branch 31 and a second antenna parasitic branch 32, the second antenna main branch 31 is connected with the feed port 10, a direction along which the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 circumferentially extend is a second direction, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, and the second antenna unit 30 is configured to transmit signals.

The antenna main branch may also be described as an antenna main radiator branch, and the antenna parasitic branch may also be described as an antenna parasitic radiator branch.

In one embodiment, the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are disposed on a frame of the electronic device, and a direction along which the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 extend along the frame of the electronic device is a first surrounding direction, where the first direction is the first surrounding direction; the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are disposed on the frame of the electronic device, and the extending direction of the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 along the frame of the electronic device is a second surrounding direction, the second direction is a second surrounding direction, and the first surrounding direction is opposite to the second surrounding direction.

In one embodiment, the angle between the first direction and the second direction may be greater than 0 ° and less than 180 °.

Illustratively, the frame of the electronic device is rectangular, and the included angle between the first direction and the second direction may be 90 °; or, the frame of the electronic device is circular, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction can be larger than 0 ° and smaller than 180 °, the first direction can be a first rotation direction, the second direction can be a second rotation direction, and the first rotation direction and the second rotation direction are opposite rotation directions.

In one embodiment, the first direction may be a clockwise direction and the second direction may be a counterclockwise direction; alternatively, the first direction may be a counterclockwise direction and the second direction may be a clockwise direction.

The first antenna unit 20 may further include a first parasitic matching circuit 23, where the first parasitic matching circuit 23 is connected to the first antenna parasitic branch 22, and the first parasitic matching circuit 23 is configured to adjust a current phase difference generated by the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22, so that a polarization direction of the first antenna unit 20 on a receiving frequency is right-hand circular polarization; alternatively, the first parasitic matching circuit 23 may not be provided, and the lengths of the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 may be adjusted only by testing, so that the polarization direction of the first antenna unit 20 at the receiving frequency is right-hand circular polarization.

The second antenna unit 30 may further include a second parasitic matching circuit 33, where the second parasitic matching circuit 33 is connected to the second antenna parasitic branch 32, and the second parasitic matching circuit 33 is configured to adjust a current phase difference generated by the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32, so that a polarization direction of the second antenna unit 30 on a transmitting frequency is left-hand circular polarization; alternatively, the second parasitic matching circuit 33 may not be provided, and the lengths of the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 may be adjusted only by testing, so that the polarization direction of the second antenna unit 30 at the transmitting frequency is left-hand circular polarization.

The electronic device may include an antenna structure, and the electronic device may include a housing cavity, where the housing cavity may house the antenna structure, and the housing cavity may be a square structure, a circular structure, or an irregularly shaped structure, which is not limited in this embodiment.

For example, the electronic device may include a square structure, the antenna structure is disposed within the square structure, and the feed port 10 of the antenna structure is disposed near any one of four right angles of the square structure.

Taking electronic equipment as an example of the intelligent watch, the intelligent watch comprises a screen module, a plastic middle frame and a bottom shell, wherein the screen module is positioned above the plastic middle frame, and the plastic middle frame is positioned above the bottom shell. The antenna structure may be disposed in a receiving cavity formed by the plastic middle frame, and the feed port 10 may be disposed in any one of four corners of the plastic middle frame, which may be described as an 11 o 'clock direction, a 1 o' clock direction, a 5 o 'clock direction, and a 7 o' clock direction from a clock level of the smart watch.

In one embodiment, the feeding port 10 may be disposed at any one of four corners of the plastic middle frame, where the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22, the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are disposed at a certain angle or a certain radian, so that the polarization direction of the second antenna unit 30 at the transmitting frequency is left-hand circular polarization, and the polarization direction of the first antenna unit 20 at the receiving frequency is right-hand circular polarization.

Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 1, the feed port 10 is located at 11 o' clock; as shown in fig. 3, the feed port 10 is located at 1 o' clock.

With the development of the 6G integrated communication technology for land, sea and air, satellite communication has become an increasingly interesting item. Since the satellite has faraday rotation effect when crossing the ionosphere, if a linearly polarized antenna is used, the rotation direction of electromagnetic wave is changed, but the circular polarization does not have the problem, so that a circular polarized antenna is generally used in general satellite communication.

The smart watch is portable, has health monitoring and motion monitoring functions, and becomes an essential intelligent terminal device in daily life of people, satellite communication is integrated on the smart watch in related technologies, and however, design of a circularly polarized antenna for satellite communication of the smart watch is a great challenge.

The frequency band of satellite communication and the rotation direction of circular polarization in the related art are shown in table 1.

It should be noted that, the antenna of the smart watch is generally a linear polarization antenna, if the Beidou satellite communication needs to be realized, the antenna needs to be circularly polarized in a left hand direction in a transmitting frequency band, and needs to be circularly polarized in a right hand direction in a receiving frequency band, and no corresponding implementation scheme exists on the smart watch at present.

The embodiment of the application provides a circular polarization antenna design meeting the requirements of intelligent watch satellite communication, which can realize that the antenna is in left-hand circular polarization in a transmitting frequency band and in right-hand circular polarization in a receiving frequency band. According to the embodiment of the application, the emitting branches, the receiving branches and the corresponding parasitics are arranged in a design layout mode, namely, the emitting branches and the parasitics are arranged in a anticlockwise direction, the receiving branches and the receiving parasitics are arranged in a clockwise direction, so that the polarization direction of the antenna in the emitting frequency band is left-hand circular polarization, the polarization direction of the antenna in the receiving frequency band is right-hand circular polarization, the requirement of the circular polarization rotation direction of Beidou satellite communication is met, and the user experience can be improved. Furthermore, according to the embodiment of the application, the capacitance and the inductance are loaded on the parasitic branches, so that the axial ratio characteristic can be improved, and the circular polarization performance is further improved.

In an embodiment of the present application, the antenna structure includes: a feed port 10; a first antenna unit 20, where the first antenna unit 20 includes a first antenna main branch 21 and a first antenna parasitic branch 22, the first antenna main branch 21 is connected to the feed port 10, an extension direction of the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 is a first direction, and the first antenna unit 20 is configured to receive a signal; the second antenna unit 30, the second antenna unit 30 includes a second antenna main branch 31 and a second antenna parasitic branch 32, the second antenna main branch 31 is connected with the feed port 10, an extension direction of the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 is a second direction, the second direction is different from the first direction, and the second antenna unit 30 is used for transmitting signals. Like this, through setting up first antenna main branch, first antenna parasitic branch, second antenna main branch and the parasitic branch of second antenna, first antenna main branch and the parasitic branch of first antenna follow the direction that electronic equipment circumference extends with second antenna main branch and the parasitic branch of second antenna follow the direction that electronic equipment circumference extends is opposite, can support the realization of the circular polarization of antenna to can improve electronic equipment's communication effect.

Optionally, the polarization direction of the second antenna unit 30 at the transmitting frequency is left-hand circular polarization, and the polarization direction of the first antenna unit 20 at the receiving frequency is right-hand circular polarization.

In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the second antenna unit 30 on the transmitting frequency is left-hand circular polarization, and the polarization direction of the first antenna unit 20 on the receiving frequency is right-hand circular polarization, so that the antenna can meet the requirement of circular polarization rotation direction of Beidou satellite communication, the communication effect of the electronic device can be improved, and the user experience is improved.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first direction is clockwise and the second direction is counterclockwise.

The direction in which the first antenna main branch and the first antenna parasitic branch extend along the circumferential direction of the electronic device may be a clockwise direction; the second antenna main branch and the second antenna parasitic branch may be in a counterclockwise direction along a direction in which the electronic device extends in a circumferential direction.

It should be noted that, through the design layout of the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30 and the winding direction thereof, that is, the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are in a anticlockwise trend, and the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are in a clockwise trend, so that the polarization direction of the antenna in the transmitting frequency band is left-hand circular polarization, and the polarization direction of the antenna in the receiving frequency band is right-hand circular polarization, thereby meeting the requirement of circular polarization rotation direction of Beidou satellite communication and improving user experience.

In this embodiment, the first direction is clockwise, and the second direction is counterclockwise, so that the polarization direction of the second antenna unit 30 on the transmitting frequency is left-hand circular polarization, and the polarization direction of the first antenna unit 20 on the receiving frequency is right-hand circular polarization, thereby meeting the requirement of circular polarization rotation of Beidou satellite communication.

Optionally, the first antenna parasitic branch 22 is coupled to the first antenna main branch 21; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the second antenna parasitic branch 32 is coupled to the second antenna main branch 31.

The length of the first antenna main branch 21 may be set to be one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the received signal, and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 may be set at a certain distance from the end of the first antenna main branch 21. The trace length of the second antenna main branch 31 may be set to be one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the transmission signal, and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 may be set at a distance from the end of the second antenna main branch 31.

In this embodiment, the first antenna parasitic branch 22 is coupled to the first antenna main branch 21; thus, the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 can generate a mode, and when the modes generated by the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 differ by 90 degrees, the first antenna unit 20 can generate circular polarization; and/or, the second antenna parasitic branch 32 is coupled to the second antenna main branch 31, so that the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 can generate a mode, and when the modes generated by the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 differ by 90 °, the second antenna unit 30 can generate circular polarization.

Alternatively, the first end of the first antenna main branch 21 is connected to the feed port 10, and the second end of the first antenna main branch 21 is disposed closer to the first antenna parasitic branch 22 than the first end of the first antenna main branch 21; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the first end of the second antenna main branch 31 is connected to the feed port 10, and the second end of the second antenna main branch 31 is disposed closer to the second antenna parasitic branch 32 than the first end of the second antenna main branch 31.

It should be noted that, to avoid coupling energy too far apart to achieve coupling, the first antenna parasitic branch 22 cannot be disposed too far from the end of the first antenna main branch 21, and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 may be disposed 1mm-10mm from the end of the first antenna main branch 21, for example. The length of the first antenna parasitic branch 22 may be approximately equal to one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the received signal, with the first antenna parasitic branch 22 routed in a clockwise direction.

In addition, the second antenna parasitic branch 32 cannot be disposed too far from the end of the second antenna main branch 31, and for example, the second antenna parasitic branch 32 may be disposed 1mm to 10mm from the end of the second antenna main branch 31. The length of the second antenna parasitic stub 32 may be approximately equal to one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the transmitted signal, the second antenna parasitic stub 32 being routed in a counter-clockwise direction.

In this embodiment, the first end of the first antenna main branch 21 is connected to the feed port 10, and the second end of the first antenna main branch 21 is disposed closer to the first antenna parasitic branch 22 than the first end of the first antenna main branch 21, so that the first antenna parasitic branch 22 and the first antenna main branch 21 can be coupled to generate circular polarization; and/or, the first end of the second antenna main branch 31 is connected to the feed port 10, and the second end of the second antenna main branch 31 is disposed closer to the second antenna parasitic branch 32 than the first end of the second antenna main branch 31, so that the second antenna parasitic branch 32 and the second antenna main branch 31 can be coupled to generate circular polarization.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the first antenna unit 20 further includes a first parasitic matching circuit 23, and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 is grounded through the first parasitic matching circuit 23; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the second antenna unit 30 further comprises a second parasitic matching circuit 33, and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 is grounded through the second parasitic matching circuit 33.

The first parasitic matching circuit 23 is connected to the first antenna parasitic branch 22, and the first parasitic matching circuit 23 is configured to adjust a current phase difference generated by the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22.

The second parasitic matching circuit 33 is connected to the second antenna parasitic branch 32, and the second parasitic matching circuit 33 is configured to adjust a current phase difference generated by the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32.

Wherein, the first parasitic matching circuit 23 may include an inductor or a capacitor, one end of which is connected to the first antenna parasitic branch 22, and the other end of which is grounded; and/or the second parasitic matching circuit 33 may include an inductance or a capacitance, one end of which is connected to the second antenna parasitic branch 32, and the other end of which is grounded.

It should be noted that, the first antenna parasitic branch 22 may be loaded with a capacitor to adjust the electrical length of the parasitic branch, that is, adjust the phase difference between the main branch and the parasitic branch, and when the phase difference between the mode generated by the first antenna main branch 21 and the mode generated by the first antenna parasitic branch 22 is 90 degrees, circular polarization may be generated. The second antenna parasitic branch 32 may be loaded with a capacitive inductance to adjust the electrical length of the parasitic branch, that is, adjust the phase difference between the main branch and the parasitic branch, and when the mode generated by the second antenna main branch 31 differs from the mode generated by the second antenna parasitic branch 32 by 90 degrees, circular polarization may be generated.

In this embodiment, the first antenna unit 20 further includes a first parasitic matching circuit 23, where the first parasitic matching circuit 23 is connected to the first antenna parasitic branch 22, so that a current phase difference generated by the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 can be adjusted by the first parasitic matching circuit 23, so that the first antenna unit 20 generates circular polarization in a transmitting frequency band; and/or, the second antenna unit 30 further includes a second parasitic matching circuit 33, where the second parasitic matching circuit 33 is connected to the second antenna parasitic branch 32, so that a current phase difference generated by the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 can be adjusted by the second parasitic matching circuit 33, so that the second antenna unit 30 generates circular polarization in a receiving frequency band.

Alternatively, one end of the first antenna parasitic branch 22 connected to the first parasitic matching circuit 23 is disposed closer to the first antenna main branch 21 than the other end; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

one end of the second antenna parasitic branch 32 connected to the second parasitic matching circuit 33 is disposed closer to the second antenna main branch 31 than the other end.

In this embodiment, the end of the first antenna parasitic branch 22 connected to the first parasitic matching circuit 23 is disposed closer to the first antenna main branch 21 than the other end, so that the coupling effect between the first antenna parasitic branch 22 and the first antenna main branch 21 is better; and/or, the end of the second parasitic antenna branch 32 connected to the second parasitic matching circuit 33 is disposed closer to the second antenna main branch 31 than the other end, so that the coupling effect between the second parasitic antenna branch 32 and the second antenna main branch 31 is better.

Optionally, the first parasitic matching circuit 23 includes an inductor, one end of which is connected to the first antenna parasitic branch 22, and the other end of which is grounded; and/or

The second parasitic matching circuit 33 includes a capacitor, one end of which is connected to the second antenna parasitic branch 32, and the other end of which is grounded.

In this embodiment, the first parasitic matching circuit 23 includes an inductor, one end of the inductor is connected to the first antenna parasitic branch 22, the other end of the inductor is grounded, and the effect of adjusting the current phase difference of the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 by using the inductor in the high frequency band is better; and/or, the second parasitic matching circuit 33 includes a capacitor, one end of the capacitor is connected to the second antenna parasitic branch 32, and the other end of the capacitor is grounded, so that the effect of adjusting the current phase difference of the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 by adopting the capacitor in the low frequency band is better.

Optionally, the receiving frequency of the first antenna unit 20 is higher than the transmitting frequency of the second antenna unit 30.

In this embodiment, the receiving frequency of the first antenna unit 20 is higher than the transmitting frequency of the second antenna unit 30, so that a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna design can be realized, and the frequency band characteristics of the Beidou satellite communication can be satisfied.

The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which comprises the antenna structure.

Optionally, the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are located on a first side of the electronic device; and/or

The second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are located on the second side of the electronic device, or the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are vertically arranged;

wherein the first side and the second side are adjacent sides.

In one embodiment, the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are located on a first side of the electronic device, and the branch extension directions of the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are on the same straight line.

In one embodiment, the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are located on the second side of the electronic device, and the branch extension directions of the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are on the same straight line.

In one embodiment, the first antenna main branch 21 and the second antenna main branch 31 are located on different sides of the electronic device.

Illustratively, the electronic device includes a square structure, the antenna structure is disposed in the square structure, the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are located on the same side of the square structure, and the first antenna main branch 21 and the second antenna main branch 31 are respectively located on adjacent sides of the square structure.

In addition, the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are disposed vertically, which means that the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are respectively located on adjacent sides of the square structure, and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 and the first antenna main branch 21 are respectively located on opposite sides of the square structure.

In this embodiment, the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are located on the first side of the electronic device, so that the coupling effect between the first antenna parasitic branch 22 and the first antenna main branch 21 is better; the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are located on the second side of the electronic device, so that the coupling effect of the second antenna parasitic branch 32 and the second antenna main branch 31 is better; or, the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are vertically arranged, so that a better circular polarization effect can be generated.

Optionally, the electronic device includes a square structure, the antenna structure is disposed in the square structure, and the feed port of the antenna structure is disposed at any one of four right angles of the square structure.

Taking electronic equipment as an example of the intelligent watch, the intelligent watch can comprise a screen module, a plastic middle frame and a bottom shell, wherein the screen module is positioned above the plastic middle frame, and the plastic middle frame is positioned above the bottom shell. The plastic middle frame is of a square structure, a battery, a loudspeaker, a motor and other various devices can be arranged in a containing cavity formed by the square structure, the antenna structure is distributed around the plastic middle frame, and a feed port 10 of the antenna structure is arranged on any one of four right angles of the square structure.

In this embodiment, the electronic device includes a square structure, the antenna structure set up in the square structure, the feed port 10 of antenna structure sets up on any one of four right angles of square structure, be convenient for arrange first antenna parasitic branch 22 with first antenna main branch 21 makes first antenna parasitic branch 22 with the coupling effect of first antenna main branch 21 is better, and be convenient for arrange second antenna parasitic branch 32 with second antenna main branch 31, makes second antenna parasitic branch 32 with the coupling effect of second antenna main branch 31 is better.

Optionally, the electronic device is a wristwatch.

As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the smart watch is worn on the arm 40, and the smart watch includes a screen module 51, a plastic middle frame 52 and a bottom shell 53, wherein the screen module is located above the plastic middle frame, and the plastic middle frame is located above the bottom shell. The screen module comprises a display screen, a touch layer and a flexible circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit, FPC) of a touch sensor (sensor) connected with the display screen and the touch layer. As shown in fig. 8, the plastic middle frame is in a structure of four surrounding walls, and a battery 54, a loudspeaker, a motor and other various devices can be arranged in a containing cavity formed by the structure, and the antenna structure in the embodiment of the application is arranged around the plastic middle frame, and the antenna structure can be realized through an FPC (flexible printed circuit) process or a Laser-Direct-structuring (LDS) process, and the embodiment is not limited. The bottom case may include a photoplethysmography (Photoplethy smography, PPG) sensor or the like.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, when the antenna main branch and the antenna parasitic branch are rotated clockwise, the antenna is circularly polarized in right-hand direction; when the antenna main branch and the antenna parasitic branch are rotated anticlockwise, the antenna is circularly polarized in a left-hand direction.

In this embodiment, the feeding port 10 of the antenna main branch is placed at any one of four corners of the plastic middle frame, and the four corners can be described as 11 o 'clock direction, 1 o' clock direction, 5 o 'clock direction and 7 o' clock direction from the clock layer of the smart watch. In order to realize the design of the circular polarized antenna of the Beidou satellite shown in table 1, the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna shown in fig. 3 is designed, and the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30 and the winding direction thereof are designed and distributed, namely, the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are in anticlockwise trend, and the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are in clockwise trend, so that the polarization direction of the antenna in a transmitting frequency band is left-hand circular polarization, the polarization direction of the antenna in a receiving frequency band is right-hand circular polarization, the requirement of circular polarization rotation direction of Beidou satellite communication is met, and the user experience can be improved.

For example, as shown in fig. 4, the feeding port 10 is set in the direction of 10 to 11 o' clock of the smart watch, and the antenna implementation may be an IFA antenna or a Monopole antenna, where the IFA antenna needs to be set to ground, and the Monopole antenna needs not to be set to ground. From the feeding port 10 to the 12 o' clock direction of the smart watch, a trace of a high frequency or satellite receiving frequency band (i.e. the first antenna main branch 21) is arranged along a clockwise direction, the length of the trace may be a quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the received signal, and a parasitic branch (i.e. the first antenna parasitic branch 22) is arranged at a certain distance from the end of the first antenna main branch 21. To avoid coupling of energy too far apart to achieve coupling, the first antenna parasitic branch 22 cannot be too far from the end of the first antenna main branch 21, for example, the first antenna parasitic branch 22 may be disposed 1mm-10mm from the end of the first antenna main branch 21. The length of the first antenna parasitic branch 22 may be approximately equal to one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the received signal, with the first antenna parasitic branch 22 routed in a clockwise direction. The first antenna parasitic branch 22 may be loaded with a capacitive inductance to adjust the electrical length of the parasitic branch, i.e., adjust the phase difference between the main branch and the parasitic branch, and circular polarization may be generated when the mode generated by the first antenna main branch 21 differs from the mode generated by the first antenna parasitic branch 22 by 90 degrees. For example, the inductance may be loaded at the first antenna parasitic branch 22 to adjust the electrical length of the parasitic branch.

In addition, as shown in fig. 4, from the feeding port 10 to the 9 o' clock direction of the smart watch, a low-frequency main radiation branch (i.e., the second antenna main branch 31) is set along the counterclockwise direction, the length of the branch may be one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the required frequency band, and a parasitic branch (i.e., the second antenna parasitic branch 32) is set at a certain distance from the end of the second antenna main branch 31. To avoid that coupling of energy cannot be achieved too far apart, the second antenna parasitic branch 32 cannot be too far from the end of the second antenna main branch 31, the second antenna parasitic branch 32 may be arranged 1mm-10mm from the end of the second antenna main branch 31, for example. The length of the second antenna parasitic stub 32 may be approximately equal to one quarter of a wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the transmitted signal, the second antenna parasitic stub 32 being routed in a counter-clockwise direction. The second antenna parasitic branch 32 may be loaded with a capacitive inductance to adjust the electrical length of the parasitic branch, that is, adjust the phase difference between the main branch and the parasitic branch, and when the mode generated by the second antenna main branch 31 differs from the mode generated by the second antenna parasitic branch 32 by 90 degrees, circular polarization may be generated. For example, the second antenna parasitic branch 32 may be loaded with a capacitance to adjust the electrical length of the parasitic branch.

Fig. 9 is an S parameter display interface diagram, fig. 10 is a Smith diagram display interface diagram, and as shown in fig. 9 and 10, as can be seen from the S parameter of the antenna structure and the Smith diagram (chart) in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna in the embodiment of the present application covers two frequency bands, the low frequency band covers GPS L1.575 GHz, the transmitting frequency band close to the beidou satellite 1.615GHz, the high frequency covers BT 2.4GHz-2.5GHz, and the receiving frequency band 2.491GHz of the beidou satellite is included. Through Smith Chart, it can be seen that the antenna generates two modes at low frequency, one mode is mainly generated by the second antenna main branch 31 serving as the main radiation branch, the other mode is generated by the second antenna parasitic branch 32, the magnitude of the capacitance value loaded by the second antenna parasitic branch 32 is adjusted, the frequency offset of the parasitic mode can be adjusted, so that the recess of the S parameter is just at the center frequency point of the required frequency band, and the center frequency point can generate better circular polarization. The capacitance value loaded by the second antenna parasitic branch 32 is adjusted, so that resonance generated by parasitism is on the right side of the second antenna main branch 31, namely resonance generated by the second antenna parasitic branch 32 is subjected to high frequency offset, and the second antenna main branch 31 and the second antenna parasitic branch 32 are distributed anticlockwise, so that the antenna generates left-hand circular polarization at low frequency.

Similarly, it can be seen from fig. 9 and fig. 10 that the antenna also generates two modes at high frequency, one mode is mainly generated by the first antenna main branch 21 serving as the main radiating branch, the other mode is generated by the first antenna parasitic branch 22, the magnitude of the inductance value loaded by the first antenna parasitic branch 22 is adjusted, and the frequency offset of the parasitic mode can be adjusted, so that the recess of the S parameter is just at the center frequency point of the required frequency band, and the center frequency point can generate better circular polarization. The magnitude of the inductance value loaded by the first antenna parasitic branch 22 is adjusted, so that resonance generated by the parasitic resonance is left of the first antenna main branch 21, namely, resonance generated by the first antenna parasitic branch 22 is toward low frequency offset, and the first antenna main branch 21 and the first antenna parasitic branch 22 are distributed clockwise, so that the antenna generates right-hand circular polarization at high frequency.

Fig. 11 is a diagram of a simulation antenna efficiency display interface, fig. 12 is a diagram of a left-hand circular polarization display interface of about 1.6GHz in a transmitting frequency band, and as shown in fig. 11 and 12, it can be seen from the simulation antenna efficiency diagram and a comparison diagram of a left-hand circular polarization component and a right-hand circular polarization component in a low frequency band that the left-hand circular polarization component is significantly larger than the right-hand circular polarization component, and it can be seen that the low frequency band is left-hand circular polarization. Fig. 13 is a diagram of a right-hand circular polarization display interface of a receiving frequency band of about 2.5GHz, and as shown in fig. 13, it can be seen from a comparison of a left-hand circular polarization component and a right-hand circular polarization component of the high frequency band that the right-hand circular polarization component is significantly larger than the left-hand circular polarization component, and it can be seen that the high frequency band is right-hand circular polarization.

Fig. 14 is an axial ratio display interface diagram about 1.6GHz of a transmitting frequency band, fig. 15 is an axial ratio display interface diagram about 2.5GHz of a receiving frequency band, it can be seen from the axial ratios of low frequency and high frequency shown in fig. 14 and 15 that, due to controlling the rotation direction relation of the main radiating branch and the parasitic branch and controlling the distance between the main radiating branch and the parasitic branch, the power of the main radiating branch can be coupled to the parasitic branch so that the amplitudes of the two modes are as equal as possible, the phases of the two modes can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the loading capacitance or inductance value, so that the phase difference is close to 90 degrees, the antenna generates left-hand circular polarization in the low frequency transmitting frequency band, generates right-hand circular polarization in the high frequency receiving frequency band, and can obtain a better axial ratio, and from the axial ratio diagram of the low frequency and the axial ratio diagram of the high frequency of the antenna, it can be seen that the smart watch presents a better circular polarization axial ratio in the effective working area of the satellite.

Fig. 16 is a diagram showing a current distribution display interface of the antenna at a low frequency of 1.575GHz, as shown in fig. 16, in which current is mainly distributed on a long low frequency branch (i.e., the second antenna main branch 31) and a low frequency parasitic (i.e., the second antenna parasitic branch 32), as shown in fig. 17, fig. 17 is a diagram showing a current distribution display interface of the antenna at a high frequency of 2.45GHz, in which current is mainly distributed on a short high frequency branch (i.e., the first antenna main branch 21) and a high frequency parasitic (i.e., the first antenna parasitic branch 22).

As shown in fig. 18, the antenna structure of the embodiments of the present application may be disposed on a PCB55, which is a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board).

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 18, the low-frequency parasitic (i.e., the second parasitic antenna branch 32) may be disposed at the corner of the smart watch in the direction of about seven o' clock, so that the second main antenna branch 31 and the second parasitic antenna branch 32 are just orthogonal, resulting in a better circular polarization effect.

In the embodiment of the present application, the high frequency and the low frequency do not refer to a specific frequency, but rather, the high frequency is higher than the low frequency, for example, the receiving frequency of the antenna is 2.45GHz, the transmitting frequency is 1.575GHz, and the receiving frequency is higher than the transmitting frequency, so that the receiving frequency is considered to be high and the transmitting frequency is low. In the above embodiment, the receiving frequency of the antenna is larger than the transmitting frequency of the antenna, and therefore, the first antenna unit 20 for receiving signals includes the high-frequency branch (i.e., the first antenna main branch 21) and the high-frequency parasitics (i.e., the first antenna parasitic branch 22) with respect to the second antenna unit 30 for transmitting signals; the second antenna element 30 for transmitting signals comprises a low frequency branch (i.e. the second antenna main branch 31) and a low frequency parasitics (i.e. the second antenna parasitic branch 32) with respect to the first antenna element 20 for receiving signals.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (12)

1. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising an antenna structure, the antenna structure comprising:

a feed port (10);

the electronic device comprises a first antenna unit (20), wherein the first antenna unit (20) comprises a first antenna main branch (21) and a first antenna parasitic branch (22), the first antenna main branch (21) is connected with the feed port (10), the direction in which the first antenna main branch (21) and the first antenna parasitic branch (22) extend along the circumferential direction of the electronic device is a first direction, and the first antenna unit (20) is used for receiving signals;

The second antenna unit (30), second antenna unit (30) include second antenna main branch (31) and second antenna parasitic branch (32), second antenna main branch (31) with feed port (10) are connected, second antenna main branch (31) and second antenna parasitic branch (32) are followed electronic equipment circumference direction extension is the second direction, the second direction with first direction is opposite, second antenna unit (30) are used for the transmission signal.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the polarization direction of the second antenna element (30) at the transmitting frequency is left-hand circular polarization and the polarization direction of the first antenna element (20) at the receiving frequency is right-hand circular polarization.

3. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first direction is a clockwise direction and the second direction is a counterclockwise direction.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first antenna parasitic branch (22) is arranged coupled to the first antenna main branch (21); and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the second antenna parasitic branch (32) is coupled to the second antenna main branch (31).

5. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first end of the first antenna main branch (21) is connected to the feed port (10), a second end of the first antenna main branch (21) being arranged closer to the first antenna parasitic branch (22) than the first end of the first antenna main branch (21); and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The first end of the second antenna main branch (31) is connected with the feed port (10), and the second end of the second antenna main branch (31) is arranged closer to the second antenna parasitic branch (32) relative to the first end of the second antenna main branch (31).

6. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first antenna unit (20) further comprises a first parasitic matching circuit (23), the first antenna parasitic branch (22) being grounded through the first parasitic matching circuit (23); and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the second antenna unit (30) further comprises a second parasitic matching circuit (33), and the second antenna parasitic branch (32) is grounded through the second parasitic matching circuit (33).

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that one end of the first antenna parasitic branch (22) connected to the first parasitic matching circuit (23) is arranged closer to the first antenna main branch (21) than the other end; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

one end of the second antenna parasitic branch (32) connected with the second parasitic matching circuit (33) is arranged closer to the second antenna main branch (31) than the other end.

8. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that the first parasitic matching circuit (23) comprises an inductance, one end of which is connected to the first antenna parasitic branch (22), the other end of which is grounded; and/or

The second parasitic matching circuit (33) comprises a capacitor, one end of the capacitor is connected with the second antenna parasitic branch (32), and the other end of the capacitor is grounded.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reception frequency of the first antenna unit (20) is higher than the transmission frequency of the second antenna unit (30).

10. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first antenna main branch (21) and the first antenna parasitic branch (22) are located on a first side of the electronic device; and/or

The second antenna main branch (31) and the second antenna parasitic branch (32) are positioned on the second side of the electronic equipment, or the second antenna main branch (31) and the second antenna parasitic branch (32) are vertically arranged;

wherein the first side and the second side are adjacent sides.

11. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a square structure, the antenna structure being arranged within the square structure, the feed port (10) of the antenna structure being arranged at any one of four right angles of the square structure.

12. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the electronic device is a wristwatch.