CN117525841A

CN117525841A - Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117525841A
Application number: CN202311722872.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李伟
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-13
Filing date: 2023-12-13
Publication date: 2024-02-06

Abstract

The application provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment, wherein a first conductive branch comprises a first free end, a first connection point, a second connection point and a second free end which are sequentially arranged, a first switch switching circuit is configured to support a first resonance mode when a first signal source and the first connection point are conducted, and current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end and the second connection point and is returned to the ground through a second loop circuit; the first switch switching circuit is configured to support a second resonance mode when the first signal source is conducted with the second connection point, and resonance current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the first connection point and the second free end; and is grounded via the first loop circuit, the coverage of the primary radiation energy of the first conductive branch in the first resonant mode is different from the coverage of the primary radiation energy of the first conductive branch in the second resonant mode. The antenna pattern reconstruction method and device can achieve antenna pattern reconstruction.

Description

Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna assembly and electronic equipment.

Background

Generally, the pattern of an antenna of an electronic device is not changed with the electronic device as a reference point, and the radiation energy of the antenna is distributed in space with non-uniformity, so that signal blind areas are easily formed in certain directions. For example, when a user uses Wi-Fi to surf the internet, the internet surfing rate may be poor under certain gesture conditions, and the user needs to adjust the angle of the human body or the angle of the mobile phone to recover the rate again, so that poor experience is caused. In addition, with the portability of electronic devices, miniaturization development requires that the space occupied by an antenna is small, so how to realize antenna pattern reconstruction in a limited space so as to reduce signal blind areas becomes a technical problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an antenna assembly capable of realizing antenna pattern reconstruction in a limited space so as to reduce signal blind areas and electronic equipment with the antenna assembly.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

the first conductive branch comprises a first free end, a first connecting point, a second connecting point and a second free end which are sequentially arranged;

the first signal source is used for providing an excitation signal of a first frequency band;

one end of the first switch switching circuit is electrically connected with the first signal source, and the first switch switching circuit is also electrically connected with the first connection point and the second connection point; the first switch switching circuit is configured to support a first resonant mode when the first signal source is turned on with the first connection point; the first switch switching circuit is configured to support a second resonant mode when the first signal source is turned on with the second connection point;

a first loop circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the first connection point, and the other end of which is grounded, wherein the first loop circuit is used for forming a return path for returning the resonance current of the first frequency band to the ground through the first connection point when the first signal source is electrically connected to the second connection point; and

A second circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the second connection point, and the other end of which is grounded, wherein the second circuit is used for forming a ground return path for returning the resonant current of the first frequency band to the ground through the second connection point when the first signal source is electrically connected to the first connection point;

the current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end and the second connection point and is returned to the ground through the second loop circuit; the current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the first connection point and the second free end and is returned to the ground through the first loop circuit; the coverage of the primary radiant energy of the first conductive branch in the first resonant mode is different from the coverage of the primary radiant energy of the first conductive branch in the second resonant mode.

In a second aspect, the electronic device includes a frame, a reference floor, and an antenna assembly, the reference floor is disposed in the frame, the frame includes a first frame portion and a second frame portion that intersect and set up, a first free end is located in the first frame portion, and a second free end is located in the second frame portion.

The antenna assembly and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application comprise a first free end, a first connecting point, a second connecting point and a second free end which are sequentially arranged through the first conductive branch; the first signal source is used for providing an excitation signal of a first frequency band, and the first switch switching circuit is configured to support a first resonance mode when the first signal source is conducted with the first connection point; the first switch switching circuit is configured to support a second resonance mode when the first signal source is conducted with the second connection point, one end of the first circuit is designed to be electrically connected with the first connection point of the first conductive branch, the other end of the first circuit is designed to be grounded, one end of the second circuit is designed to be electrically connected with the second connection point of the first conductive branch, and the other end of the second circuit is designed to be grounded; the current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end and the second connection point and is returned to the ground through the second loop circuit; the current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the first connection point and the second free end, and is returned to the ground through the first loop circuit, the coverage range of main radiation energy of the first conductive branch in the first resonance mode is different from that of main radiation energy of the first conductive branch in the second resonance mode, and when the first switch switching circuit is switched, the part between the first connection point and the second connection point of the first conductive branch is multiplexed, so that the antenna pattern can be reconstructed in a limited space, and the signal dead zone is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a partially exploded schematic illustration of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a partial top view of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current distribution of a first resonant mode on an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a current distribution of a second resonant mode on an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first circuit of the antenna assembly according to the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second first loop circuit on an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first second ground return circuit on an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second loop circuit on the antenna assembly according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a first signal source and a second signal source fed by a first combiner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a graph of current distribution of a second signal source provided by an embodiment of the present application exciting a second conductive branch to form a third resonant mode;

FIG. 13 is a graph of current distribution of a first signal source exciting a second conductive branch to form a parasitic resonant mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a second signal source according to an embodiment of the present disclosure for exciting a third conductive branch;

FIG. 15 is a graph of current distribution of a third signal source provided by an embodiment of the present application exciting a third conductive branch to form a fourth resonant mode;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a second signal source provided in an embodiment of the present application electrically connected to a second connection point and a feeding point through a second switch switching circuit;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a second signal source excited by combining a second switch switching circuit and a second combiner with a third signal source according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 17 supporting a fifth resonant mode;

fig. 19 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 17 supporting a sixth resonant mode;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive branch of an antenna assembly, which is a frame of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 21 is a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application at a frequency point of 2.44GHz in a first state;

Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating the overall system efficiency of the antenna assembly according to the embodiments of the present application when operating in different frequency bands;

fig. 23 is a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application in a second state;

fig. 24 is another schematic structural diagram of a conductive branch of an antenna component, which is a frame of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 25 is a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application at a frequency point of 2.44GHz in a first state;

fig. 26 is an S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly according to the embodiment of the present application when the antenna assembly operates in different frequency bands;

fig. 27 is a graph showing the overall efficiency of the antenna assembly according to the embodiment of the present application when the antenna assembly is operated in different frequency bands;

fig. 28 is a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application in a second state;

fig. 29 is an S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly according to the embodiment of the present application when the antenna assembly operates in different frequency bands;

fig. 30 is a graph of overall system efficiency for an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application operating in different frequency bands.

Reference numerals illustrate:

an electronic device 1000; an antenna assembly 100; a display screen 200; a middle frame 300; a rear cover 400; a reference floor 500; a main board 600; a middle plate 310; a frame 320; a first frame portion 321; a second frame portion 322; a third frame portion 323; a fourth frame portion 324; a first conductive branch 11; a first signal source 21; a first switch switching circuit 31; a first loop circuit 41; a second loop circuit 42; a first free end a; a first connection point B; a second connection point C; a second free end D; a first end 31a; a second end 31b; a third end 31c; a first radio frequency transmission line 51; a second radio frequency transmission line 52; a first antenna element 10; a second antenna unit 20; a first switch 61; a second switch 62; a second conductive branch 12; a second signal source 22; a third free end E; a first ground terminal F; a first combiner 71; a third conductive branch 13; a fourth free end G; a feeding point H; a second ground terminal J; a second coupling slit N2; a second switch switching circuit 32; a third loop circuit 43; a second combiner 72.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the embodiments described herein are only some embodiments, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided herein without any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present application.

Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate explicitly and implicitly that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example: an assembly or device incorporating one or more components is not limited to the listed one or more components, but may alternatively include one or more components not listed but inherent to the illustrated product, or one or more components that may be provided based on the illustrated functionality.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, a device having a communication function such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, wearable device, unmanned aerial vehicle, robot, digital camera, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, a mobile phone is taken as an example for illustration, and other electronic devices may refer to the embodiment.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a partially exploded view of the electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100, and the operating environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated by taking the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone. The electronic device 1000 includes a display 200, a middle frame 300, and a rear cover 400, which are sequentially disposed in a thickness direction. The middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the middle plate 310. Bezel 320 may be a conductive bezel. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have the midplane 310. The display screen 200, the middle plate 310 and the rear cover 400 are sequentially stacked, and an accommodating space is formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310 and between the middle plate 310 and the rear cover 400 to accommodate devices such as the main board 600, the camera module, the receiver module, the battery, various sensors and the like. One side of the frame 320 is surrounded on the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 is surrounded on the edge of the rear cover 400, so as to form a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are integrally formed, and the frame 320 and the rear cover 400 may be separate structures, which are the working environments of the antenna assembly 100 for example, a mobile phone, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the working environments described above.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a back view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a first frame portion 321, a second frame portion 322, a third frame portion 323, and a fourth frame portion 324, which are sequentially connected. The first frame 321 is a side (i.e. a top side) far from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and erects the screen, and the third frame 323 is a side (i.e. a bottom side) facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and erects the screen. The second frame portion 322 is the right side of the electronic device 1000 when the user holds the electronic device and erects the screen. The fourth frame 324 is left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 in a hand and erects a screen. Of course, the second frame portion 322 may also be the left side of the electronic device 1000 when the user holds the electronic device with his or her hand. The fourth frame 324 is the right side of the electronic device 1000 when the user holds the electronic device.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the electronic device 1000 further includes a reference floor 500.

Optionally, the reference floor 500 is disposed within the bezel 320. The reference floor 500 is generally rectangular in shape. Because devices are arranged in the mobile phone or other structures are avoided as required, various grooves, holes and the like are formed on the reference ground edge of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 includes, but is not limited to, a metal portion that interconnects the midplane 310 with the bezel 320 as one piece, a metal alloy portion of the midplane 310, and a reference ground metal portion of a circuit board (including the motherboard 600 and the sub-board). In general, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 may be equivalently a generally rectangular shape, and is therefore referred to as a reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 does not indicate that the shape of the reference ground is plate-shaped and is a rectangular plate.

The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 4, the antenna assembly 100 includes a first conductive branch 11, a first signal source 21, a first switch switching circuit 31, a first ground return circuit 41 and a second ground return circuit 42.

The material of the first conductive branch 11 is not specifically limited in this application. Optionally, the first conductive branch 11 is made of a conductive material, including but not limited to a conductive material such as metal, alloy, etc. The shape of the first conductive branch 11 is not particularly limited in this application. For example, the shape of the first conductive branch 11 includes, but is not limited to, a bar shape, a sheet shape, a rod shape, a coating shape, a film shape, and the like. The first conductive branch 11 shown in fig. 3 is only an example, and the shape of the first conductive branch 11 provided in the present application is not limited. In this embodiment, the first conductive branches 11 are all in a strip shape. The extending track of the first conductive branch 11 is not limited in this application. Alternatively, the first conductive branch 11 may extend along a straight line, or along a curved line, or along a bending line. The first conductive branch 11 may be a line with a uniform width on the extending track, or may be a bar with a gradual width change and a widening area, etc.

The form of the first conductive branch 11 is not particularly limited in this application. Optionally, the first conductive branch 11 includes, but is not limited to, a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in the plastic frame 320, a metal radiator located in or on the frame 320, a flexible circuit board antenna formed on a flexible circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit board, FPC), a laser direct formed antenna formed by laser direct structuring (Laser Direct Structuring, LDS), a printed direct formed antenna formed by printing direct structuring (Print Direct Structuring, PDS), a conductive patch antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), and the like. In this embodiment, the first conductive branch 11 is taken as a part of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000.

Referring to fig. 4, the first conductive branch 11 includes a first free end a, a first connection point B, a second connection point C, and a second free end D, which are sequentially disposed.

The first free end a and the second free end D are two ends of the first conductive branch 11. The free end as used herein refers to an end that is separated from other conductive portions of the bezel 320 by an insulating break. In order to ensure the structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the insulating material is filled in the insulating break. The positions of the first connection point B and the second connection point C on the first conductive branch 11 are not limited in the present application.

The first conductive branch 11 may be bent or straight. When the first conductive branch 11 is in a bent state, the direction of the first free end a and the direction of the second free end D are at or close to 90 °. When the first conductive branch 11 is in a straight line, the direction of the first free end a is opposite to the direction of the second free end D.

The first signal source 21 is configured to provide an excitation signal in a first frequency band. Optionally, the first signal source 21 includes, but is not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver chip for providing an excitation signal in a first frequency band. Wherein the excitation signal is a radio frequency current. Optionally, the first signal source 21 is located on the motherboard 600.

One end of the first switch switching circuit 31 is electrically connected to the first signal source 21. The first switch switching circuit 31 is further electrically connected to the first connection point B and the second connection point C. The first switching circuit 31 is configured to support a first resonant mode when the first signal source 21 is turned on with the first connection point B. The first switching circuit 31 is configured to support a second resonance mode when the first signal source 21 is turned on with the second connection point C.

Specifically, the first switch switching circuit 31 is configured to switch the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the first connection point B. The first signal source 21 excites the first conductive branch 11 to form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band. The first switch switching circuit 31 is further configured to switch the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the second connection point C. The first signal source 21 excites the first conductive branch 11 to form a second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band.

Specifically, the first signal source 21 is configured to provide a radio frequency excitation current, and after the radio frequency excitation current is transmitted to the first conductive branch 11, the first free end a of the first conductive branch 11 and the second connection point C can be excited to generate a resonant current, and the resonant current is distributed to form a first resonant mode so as to support the transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals in a frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

Wherein the first frequency band includes, but is not limited to, at least one of an LB frequency band (less than 1 GHz), an MHB frequency band (1-3 GHz), a UHB frequency band (greater than 3 GHz), a Wi-Fi frequency band, a GPS frequency band, and the like.

Optionally, the first frequency band includes at least one of Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band, N78 frequency band, N41 frequency band. Further, in this embodiment, the first frequency band is taken as an example of Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the first switch switching circuit 31 includes a first end 31a, a second end 31B and a third end 31C, the first end 31a is electrically connected to the first signal source 21, the second end 31B is electrically connected to the first connection point B, and the third end 31C is electrically connected to the second connection point C. The first end 31a and the second end 31b may be connected or disconnected. The first end 31a and the third end 31c may be connected or disconnected. The passage between the first end 31a and the second end 31b, and the passage between the first end 31a and the third end 31c are independent of each other. Optionally, the first switch switching circuit 31 is located on the motherboard 600.

Optionally, referring to fig. 4, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a first rf transmission line 51 and a second rf transmission line 52. The first rf transmission line 51 electrically connects the second end 31B and the first connection point B. The second rf transmission line 52 electrically connects the third terminal 31C with the second connection point C. The first rf transmission line 51 is electrically connected to the first connection point B by, but not limited to, a direct or indirect electrical connection of a conductive spring. Optionally, the first rf transmission line 51 and the second rf transmission line 52 are located on the motherboard 600.

Further, referring to fig. 4, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a first matching circuit M1. The first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between the first signal source 21 and a first connection point B; alternatively, the first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected to the first signal source 21 and the first connection point B, respectively. Further, the first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between an end of the first rf transmission line 51 facing away from the first signal source 21 and the first connection point B. The first matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitance and an inductance, and the first matching circuit M1 facilitates the first signal source 21 to excite a first resonant mode on the first conductive branch 11 by adjusting impedance matching between the first signal source 21 port and the first radiator port. Optionally, the first matching circuit M1 is located on the motherboard 600.

Optionally, the first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected to the first connection point B through a first conductive elastic sheet.

Further, referring to fig. 4, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a second matching circuit M2. The second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected between the first signal source 21 and the second connection point C; alternatively, the first signal source 21 and the second connection point C are electrically connected, respectively. Further, the second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected between an end of the first rf transmission line 51 facing away from the first signal source 21 and the second connection point C. The second matching circuit M2 includes at least one of a capacitance and an inductance, and the second matching circuit M2 facilitates the first signal source 21 to excite the second resonant mode on the first conductive branch 11 by adjusting the impedance matching between the port of the first signal source 21 and the port of the second connection point C. Optionally, the second matching circuit M2 is located on the motherboard 600.

Optionally, the second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected to the second connection point C through a second conductive elastic sheet.

In the above embodiments, the first switch switching circuit 31 is located at the rf signal end for switching, however, in other embodiments, the first switch switching circuit 31 may be located at the antenna end for switching. For example, the number of the first switch switching circuits 31 may be two, one of the first switch switching circuits 31 is electrically connected to the first connection point B or the first matching circuit M1, and the other of the first switch switching circuits 31 is electrically connected to the second connection point C or the second matching circuit M2.

Referring to fig. 4, one end of the first circuit 41 is electrically connected to the first connection point B. Optionally, the first circuit 41 is electrically connected to the first connection point B through a first conductive spring. The other end of the first loop circuit 41 is grounded. The first loop circuit 41 is configured to enable the resonant current of the first frequency band supported in the second resonant mode to be grounded through the first connection point B when the first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the second connection point C.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched to a first state, and the first antenna unit 10 of the antenna assembly 100 operates in a first frequency band. At this time, the portion from the first free end a to the second connection point C on the first conductive branch 11 is a radiator of the first antenna unit 10, the first connection point B is a feeding position of the first antenna unit 10, the second connection point C is a return position of the first antenna unit 10, and the first free end a is a free end of the first antenna unit 10.

Referring to fig. 5, the current of the first resonant mode is distributed between the first free end a and the second connection point C. Alternatively, the current of the first resonant mode flows from the first free end a to the second connection point C and back to ground at the second connection point C via the second ground return circuit 42. Of course, the current of the first resonant mode may also flow from the reference ground, through the second ground return circuit 42, the second connection point C to the first free end a.

Referring to fig. 4, one end of the second ground return circuit 42 is electrically connected to the second connection point C. Optionally, the second ground return circuit 42 is electrically connected to the first connection point B through a second conductive spring. The other end of the second ground return circuit 42 is grounded. The second ground return circuit 42 is configured to return the resonant current of the first frequency band supported in the first resonant mode to ground through the second connection point C when the first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the first connection point B.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched to the second state, and the second antenna unit 20 of the antenna assembly 100 operates in the first frequency band. At this time, the portion from the second free end D to the first connection point B on the first conductive branch 11 is a radiator of the second antenna unit 20, the second connection point C is a feeding position of the second antenna unit 20, the first connection point B is a ground return position of the second antenna unit 20, and the second free end D is a free end of the second antenna unit 20.

Referring to fig. 6, the resonant current of the second resonant mode is distributed between the first connection point B and the second free end D. Alternatively, the current of the second resonant mode flows from the second free end D to the first connection point B and returns to ground at the first connection point B via the first return circuit 41. Of course, the current of the second resonance mode may also flow from the reference ground through the first loop circuit 41, the first connection point B to the second free end D.

Since the free ends of the first antenna element 10 and the second antenna element 20 are oriented differently, the coverage of the primary radiated energy of the first conductive branch 11 in the first resonant mode is different from the coverage of the primary radiated energy of the first conductive branch 11 in the second resonant mode. For example, taking the first free end a located at the first frame portion 321 and the second free end D located at the second frame portion 322 as an example, the main radiation energy of the first antenna unit 10 in the first resonance mode covers the right half of the electronic device 1000, that is, the radiation pattern of the first antenna unit 10 is radiated to the right. The main energy of the second antenna element 20 in the second resonance mode is radiated in an omni-direction, and the main radiated energy covers the left and right half of the electronic device 1000, i.e. the radiation pattern of the second antenna element 20 approximates an omni-directional radiation.

Therefore, when the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched to a different state (the first end 31a is connected to a different feeding point), the antenna assembly 100 reconstructs the directional diagram of the operating frequency band (the first frequency band) of the antenna assembly 100, and the directional diagram before reconstruction and the directional diagram after reconstruction can realize the omnidirectional coverage, so that the dead area of the directional diagram when the antenna assembly 100 operates in the first frequency band is reduced, the free internet surfing posture is realized, and the internet surfing experience is improved. Since the portion between the first connection point B and the second connection point C is a multiplexing portion of the first antenna unit 10 and the second antenna unit 20, when the first switch circuit switches the antenna assembly 100 to operate in the pattern of the first frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 occupies a small space while meeting the reconstruction of the pattern of the first frequency band.

According to the antenna assembly 100 and the electronic device 1000 provided in this embodiment of the present application, one end of the first circuit 41 is designed to be electrically connected to the first connection point B of the first conductive branch 11, the other end of the first circuit 41 is designed to be grounded, one end of the second circuit 42 is designed to be electrically connected to the second connection point C of the first conductive branch 11, the other end of the second circuit 42 is designed to be grounded, the first switch switching circuit 31 is used to switch the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the first connection point B, the first signal source 21 excites the first conductive branch 11 to form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band, the current of the first resonant mode is distributed between the first free end a and the second connection point C, the second circuit 42 forms a ground return path for the resonant current of the first frequency band to flow through the second connection point C to the ground, the first switch switching circuit 31 is further configured to switch the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the second connection point C, the first signal source 21 excites the first conductive branch 11 to form a second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band, a resonant current of the second resonant mode is distributed between the first connection point B and the second free end D, the first return circuit 41 is configured to form a return ground path for returning the resonant current of the first frequency band through the first connection point B when the first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the second connection point C, a coverage range of a main radiation energy of the first conductive branch 11 in the first resonant mode is different from a coverage range of a main radiation energy of the first conductive branch 11 in the second resonant mode, a portion between the first connection point B and the second connection point C of the first conductive branch 11 is used when the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched, the antenna pattern can be reconfigurable in a limited space to reduce signal dead zones.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 5, the first resonant mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the first frequency band. Optionally, the first resonant mode is a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the first frequency band. The resonant current of the first resonant mode is distributed between the first free end a and the second connection point C. Alternatively, a resonant current of the first resonant mode may flow from said first free end a to the second connection point C. Of course, due to the periodicity of the current, the resonant current of the first resonant mode may also flow from the second connection point C to the first free end a.

In other words, the electrical length between the first free end a and the second connection point C is close to or is 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, so that the first signal source 21 can excite the first conductive branch 11 between the first free end a and the second connection point C to form a 1/4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band. As used herein, "close to" is + -1/10 wavelength.

The electrical length described in this application may satisfy the following formula:

where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in the free scene.

When the electrical length between the first free end a and the second connection point C is insufficient to form 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, the second connection point C is set to return to the ground through the inductive element to compensate the electrical length deficiency between the first free end a and the second connection point C, so as to tune the impedance matching of the antenna end and the radio frequency signal end, and the first conductive branch 11 between the first free end a and the second connection point C forms a 1/4 wavelength mode of the center frequency point of the first frequency band.

Referring to fig. 6, the second resonant mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the first frequency band. Optionally, the second resonant mode is a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the first frequency band. The resonant current of the second resonant mode is distributed between the first connection point B and the second free end D. Alternatively, the resonant current of the second resonant mode may flow from said second free end D to the first connection point B. Of course, due to the periodicity of the current, the resonance current of the second resonance mode may also flow from the first connection point B to the second free end D.

In other words, the electrical length between the first connection point B and the second free end D is close to or is 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, so that the first signal source 21 can excite the first conductive branch 11 between the first connection point B and the second free end D to form a 1/4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band. As used herein, "close to" is + -1/10 wavelength.

When the electrical length between the first connection point B and the second free end D is insufficient to form 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, the electrical length deficiency between the first connection point B and the second free end D can be compensated by setting the first connection point B to return to the ground through the inductive element, so as to tune the impedance matching of the antenna end and the radio frequency signal end, and the first conductive branch 11 between the first connection point B and the second free end D forms a 1/4 wavelength mode of the center frequency point of the first frequency band.

The structure of the first loop circuit 41 is exemplified below with reference to the drawings.

In a first alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the first loop circuit 41 includes a first switch 61. One end of the first switch 61 is electrically connected to one end of the first matching circuit M1 facing away from the first connection point B, and the other end of the first switch 61 is grounded. The first switch switching circuit 31 switches the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the second connection point C, and the first switch 61 is turned on. The current of the second resonance mode flows from the second free end D to the first connection point B, and returns to the ground through the first switch 61 after passing through the first matching circuit M1 at the first connection point B, so as to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. When the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched to electrically connect the first signal source 21 to the first connection point B, the first switch 61 is turned off, so that the excitation signal of the first signal source 21 is transmitted to the first conductive branch 11 through the first matching circuit M1 and the first connection point B to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band.

In this embodiment, the first matching circuit M1 not only can tune the impedance matching between the first signal source 21 port and the first conductive branch 11 port when the first antenna unit 10 is in operation, but also can tune the current when the second antenna unit 20 is in operation, so as to excite the second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band, thereby realizing multiple purposes of the first matching circuit M1.

For example, when the length from the second free end D to the first connection point B is insufficient, for example, the electrical length between the second free end D and the first connection point B is less than 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, the first matching circuit M1 includes an inductor, and the first resonant current flows through the inductor of the first matching circuit M1 to compensate the length from the second free end D to the first connection point B, so as to tune the resonance of the required frequency band. Of course, the first matching circuit M1 may further include an antenna switch and a plurality of impedance branches to switch the size of the sub-band supported by the first antenna unit 10.

In a second alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 8, one end of the first switch 61 is electrically connected between the first matching circuit M1 and the first connection point B, and the other end of the first switch 61 is grounded. The first switch switching circuit 31 switches the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the second connection point C, and the first switch 61 is turned on. The current of the second resonance mode flows from the second free end D to the first connection point B and is directly returned to ground at the first connection point B via the first switch 61. At this time, the first connection point B is a ground point. Optionally, the first switch 61 is electrically connected to the first connection point B through a first conductive elastic sheet, so as to excite a 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. When the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched to electrically connect the first signal source 21 to the first connection point B, the first switch 61 is turned off, so that the excitation signal of the first signal source 21 is transmitted to the first conductive branch 11 through the first matching circuit M1 and the first connection point B to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band.

In a third alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the first matching circuit M1 includes the first loop circuit 41. In this embodiment, the first loop circuit 41 is a band-pass filter circuit for the first frequency band. The first loop circuit 41 is configured to return the resonant current of the first resonant mode on the first conductive branch 11 to ground through the first connection point B to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. In the present embodiment, the first switch 61 is not required to be additionally arranged, so that the number of one switch can be reduced, and the cost and the space can be saved.

The structure of the second ground return circuit 42 is illustrated in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In a first alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the second circuit 42 includes a second switch 62. One end of the second switch 62 is electrically connected between the second matching circuit M2 and the second connection point C, and the other end of the second switch 62 is grounded. The first switch switching circuit 31 switches the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the first connection point B, and the second switch 62 is turned on. The current of the second resonant mode flows from the first free end a to the second connection point C and directly back to ground at the second connection point C via the second switch 62. At this time, the second connection point C is a ground point. Optionally, the second switch 62 is electrically connected to the second connection point C through a second conductive spring to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. When the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched to the first signal source 21 electrically connected to the second connection point C, the second switch 62 is turned off, so that the excitation signal of the first signal source 21 is transmitted to the first conductive branch 11 through the second matching circuit M2 and the second connection point C to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band.

In a second alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 10, the second circuit 42 includes a second switch 62. One end of the second switch 62 is electrically connected to one end of the second matching circuit M2 facing away from the second connection point C, and the other end of the second switch 62 is grounded. The first switch switching circuit 31 switches the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the first connection point B, and the second switch 62 is turned on. The current of the second resonance mode flows from the first free end a to the second connection point C, and returns to the ground through the second switch 62 after passing through the second matching circuit M2 at the second connection point C, so as to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. When the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched to the first signal source 21 electrically connected to the second connection point C, the second switch 62 is turned off, so that the excitation signal of the first signal source 21 is transmitted to the first conductive branch 11 through the second matching circuit M2 and the second connection point C to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band.

In this embodiment, the second matching circuit M2 not only can tune the impedance matching between the second signal source port and the second conductive branch port when the second antenna unit 20 is in operation, but also can tune the current when the first antenna unit 10 is in operation, so as to excite the second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band, thereby realizing multiple purposes of the second matching circuit M2.

For example, when the length from the first free end a to the second connection point C is insufficient, for example, the electrical length between the first free end a and the second connection point C is less than 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, the second matching circuit M2 includes an inductor, and the first resonant current flows through the inductor of the second matching circuit M2 to compensate the length from the first free end a to the second connection point C, so as to tune the resonance of the required frequency band. Of course, the second matching circuit M2 may also include an antenna switch and a plurality of impedance branches to switch the size of the sub-band supported by the first antenna element 10.

In a third alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the second matching circuit M2 includes the second loop circuit 42. In this embodiment, the second ground return circuit 42 is a band-pass filter circuit for the first frequency band. The second ground return circuit 42 is configured to return the resonant current of the first resonant mode on the first conductive branch 11 to ground through the second connection point C to excite the 1/4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. In this embodiment, there is no need to provide the second switch 62 additionally, so that the number of switches can be reduced, and the cost and space can be saved.

Referring to fig. 11, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a second conductive branch 12 and a second signal source 22. The material, shape, form, etc. of the second conductive branch 12 can be referred to as the material, shape, form, etc. of the first conductive branch 11.

The second conductive branch 12 includes a third free end E and a first ground end F disposed opposite to each other. The third free end E and the second free end D form a first coupling gap N1 therebetween.

Optionally, the first coupling slit N1 is an insulation break slit, and the width of the first coupling slit N1 is 0.5-2 mm, but is not limited to this size. The first conductive branch 11 and the second conductive branch 12 can be capacitively coupled by the first coupling slit N1. In one angle, the first conductive branch 11 and the second conductive branch 12 may be regarded as two portions of the frame 320 separated by the first coupling slit N1. The "capacitive coupling" means that the first coupling gap N1 between the first conductive branch 11 and the second conductive branch 12 generates an electric field, and the signal of the first conductive branch 11 can be transferred to the second conductive branch 12 through the electric field, and the signal of the second conductive branch 12 can be transferred to the first conductive branch 11 through the electric field, so that the first conductive branch 11 and the second conductive branch 12 can realize electric signal conduction even in a state of not being directly electrically connected.

Optionally, referring to fig. 11, the second signal source 22 is electrically connected to the second connection point C, and optionally, the second signal source 22 is electrically connected to the second connection point C through a second conductive spring. The second signal source 22 is configured to provide an excitation signal in a second frequency band. Optionally, the second signal source 22 includes, but is not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver chip for providing an excitation signal in the second frequency band. Wherein the excitation signal is a radio frequency current. Optionally, the second signal source 22 is located on the motherboard 600.

Referring to fig. 12, the second signal source 22 is configured to excite a third resonant mode supporting the second frequency band between the first ground terminal F and the third free terminal E. The resonant current of the third resonant mode is distributed between the first ground terminal F and the third free terminal E. The third resonance mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the second frequency band. Optionally, the third resonance mode is a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the first frequency band.

Alternatively, the resonant current of the third resonant mode may flow from said third free end E to the first ground end F. Of course, due to the periodicity of the current, the resonance current of the third resonance mode may also flow from the first ground terminal F to the third free terminal E.

In other words, the electrical length between the third free end E and the first ground end F is close to or 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the second frequency band, so that the second signal source 22 can excite the second conductive branch 12 between the third free end E and the first ground end F to form a 1/4 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band. As used herein, "close to" is + -1/10 wavelength.

The second frequency band is not specifically limited herein, and for example, the second frequency band includes, but is not limited to, an N78 frequency band.

The antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment not only can implement the directional diagram reconstruction of the first frequency band while reducing the occupied space, but also can support the second frequency band.

Still alternatively, referring to fig. 13, since the first conductive branch 11 is coupled to the second conductive branch 12, when the first switch switching circuit 31 is switched to the second state, the first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the second connection point C, and excites the second free end D to form a second resonance mode with the first connection point B, the second resonance mode further includes a parasitic resonance mode, and the parasitic resonance mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of the center frequency point of the first frequency band. The resonant current of the parasitic resonant mode is distributed between the third free end E and the first ground end F.

Resonance current of parasitic resonance mode may flow from the third free end E to the first ground end F. Of course, due to the periodicity of the current, the resonance current of the parasitic resonance mode may also flow from the first ground terminal F to the third free terminal E. Wherein the resonance current of the parasitic resonance mode is opposite to the resonance current between the second free end D and the first connection point B.

In other words, the electrical length between the third free end E and the first ground end F is close to or 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, so that the first signal source 21 can excite the second conductive branch 12 between the third free end E and the first ground end F to form a 1/4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band. As used herein, "close to" is + -1/10 wavelength.

According to the embodiment of the application, the length of the second conductive branch 12 is adjusted, so that the second conductive branch 12 also resonates at or near the center frequency point of the first frequency band (for example, within the range of +/-100 MHz of the center frequency point of the first frequency band), the first main resonance mode is coupled with the parasitic resonance mode, and the enhancement effect is generated on the signal radiation of the first frequency band after the radiation of the first conductive branch 11 and the radiation of the second conductive branch 12 are overlapped. The antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment not only can realize the directional diagram reconstruction of the first frequency band under the condition of reducing the occupied space, but also can improve the efficiency of the first frequency band.

In other embodiments, the electrical length between the third free end E and the first ground end F is not close to 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the first frequency band, the parasitic resonant mode supporting the first frequency band is not formed on the second conductive branch 12, but a coupling current is formed under the coupling of the first conductive branch 11, and after the coupling current on the second conductive branch 12 reacts with the radiation of the resonant current on the first conductive branch 11, a pattern covering at least the side (left half) of the first frame 321 is formed, so as to form an omni-directional coverage with the pattern of the second antenna unit 20 in the first frequency band.

In an embodiment where the second signal source 22 is electrically connected to the second connection point C, referring to fig. 11, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a first combiner 71. The first combiner 71 is electrically connected between the first switch switching circuit 31 and the second connection point C. The second signal source 22 is electrically connected to the first combiner 71. For example, one input end of the first combiner 71 is electrically connected to the second signal source 22, the other input end of the first combiner 71 is electrically connected to one output end of the first switch switching circuit 31, the other output end of the first switch switching circuit 31 is electrically connected to the first matching circuit M1 through the first rf transmission line 51, the input end of the first switch switching circuit 31 is electrically connected to the first signal source 21, and the output end of the first combiner 71 is electrically connected to the second matching circuit M2 through the second rf transmission line 52.

The first combiner 71 is configured to combine the excitation signal of the second frequency band and the excitation signal of the first frequency band into one signal when the first switch switching circuit 31 is turned on the second connection point C and the first signal source 21, and transmit the combined one signal to the first connection point B of the first conductive branch 11 through the second radio frequency transmission line 52 and the second matching circuit M2.

The first combiner 71 is further configured to transmit the excitation signal of the second frequency band provided by the second signal source 22 to the second connection point C of the first conductive branch 11 when the first switch switching circuit 31 disconnects the second connection point C from the first signal source 21.

In this embodiment, the signals of the first signal source 21 and the second signal source 22 are transmitted to the first conductive branch 11 after being combined by the first combiner 71, and meanwhile, the first combiner 71 also supports the single-path operation of the second signal source 22, so as to ensure that the first signal source 21 can switch different feed ports, and ensure that the operation of the second signal source 22 is not affected by the switching of the feed ports of the first signal source 21.

Referring to fig. 14, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a third conductive branch 13. The material, shape, form, etc. of the third conductive branch 13 may refer to the material, shape, form, etc. of the first conductive branch 11.

Referring to fig. 14, the third conductive branch 13 includes a fourth free end G, a feeding point H, and a second ground end J, which are sequentially disposed. A second coupling gap N2 is formed between the fourth free end G and the first free end a. The second coupling slit N2 may refer to the description of the first coupling slit N1 described above.

Alternatively, in the embodiment having the second signal source 22, referring to fig. 15, the second signal source 22 is used to electrically connect to the feeding point H. The feeding point H is configured to receive an excitation signal in the second frequency band provided by the second signal source 22, so as to excite the third conductive branch 13 between the feeding point H and the fourth free end G to form a fourth resonant mode supporting the second frequency band. The resonance current of the fourth resonance mode is distributed between the feeding point H and the fourth free end G. The fourth resonance mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the second frequency band. Optionally, the fourth resonance mode is a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the second frequency band.

Alternatively, a resonant current of a fourth resonant mode may flow from the fourth free end G to the feeding point H. Of course, due to the periodicity of the current, the resonance current of the fourth resonance mode may also flow from the feeding point H to the fourth free end G.

In other words, the electrical length between the fourth free end G and the feeding point H is close to or 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the second frequency band, so that the second signal source 22 can excite the third conductive branch 13 between the fourth free end G and the feeding point H to form a 1/4 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band. As used herein, "close to" is + -1/10 wavelength.

The antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment not only can realize the reconstruction of the directional diagram of the first frequency band under the condition of reducing the occupied space, but also can realize that the first conductive branch 11 and the third conductive branch 13 support the second frequency band, so as to improve the efficiency of the second frequency band and increase the number of frequency bands supported by the antenna assembly 100.

In an embodiment of the antenna assembly 100 including the third conductive branch 13, the second signal source 22 and the first combiner 71, referring to fig. 16, the antenna assembly 100 further includes the second switch switching circuit 32. The second switch switching circuit 32 is electrically connected to the first combiner 71, the second signal source 22, and the feeding point H. For example, one input terminal of the second switch switching circuit 32 is electrically connected to the second signal source 22, one output terminal of the second switch switching circuit 32 is electrically connected to the first combiner 71, and the other output terminal of the second switch switching circuit 32 is electrically connected to the feeding point H.

Referring to fig. 16, the second switching circuit 32 is configured to switch the second signal source 22 to electrically connect the first combiner 71 and/or the feeding point H. When the second switch switching circuit 32 electrically connects the second signal source 22 and the first combiner 71, the second signal source 22 feeds the second conductive branch 12 to excite the second conductive branch 12 to form a third resonant mode supporting the second frequency band, where the main energy of the second conductive branch 12 when operating in the second frequency band is radiated towards the side of the second conductive branch 12 facing away from the reference floor (e.g. mainly covering the left half of the electronic device 1000).

When the second switch switching circuit 32 is electrically connected to the second signal source 22 and the feeding point H, the second signal source 22 feeds the third conductive branch 13 to excite the third conductive branch 13 to form a fourth resonant mode supporting the second frequency band, where the main energy of the third conductive branch 13 when operating in the second frequency band is radiated toward the side of the third conductive branch 13 facing away from the reference floor (for example, mainly covering the upper half of the electronic device 1000), or is radiated toward the reference floor facing away from the first conductive branch 11 (for example, mainly covering the right half of the electronic device 1000) under the superposition of other antennas. And then switch the feed position of second signal source 22 through second switch switching circuit 32, can also realize the directional diagram reconstruction of second frequency channel, this application can realize the directional diagram reconstruction of first frequency channel and second frequency channel simultaneously promptly, makes first frequency channel and second frequency channel no signal blind area, promotes antenna communication quality.

Referring to fig. 17, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a third signal source 23. The third signal source 23 is configured to provide excitation signals in a third frequency band and a fourth frequency band. The third signal source 23 includes, but is not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver chip. The third signal source 23 is disposed on the motherboard 600.

The third frequency band and the fourth frequency band are not particularly limited. For example, the third frequency band includes the GPS-L1 frequency band and the fourth frequency band includes the Wi-Fi 5G frequency band.

Referring to fig. 18, the third signal source 23 is electrically connected to the feeding point H. The third signal source 23 is configured to excite a fifth resonant mode supporting the third frequency band between the second ground terminal J and the fourth free terminal G. The fifth resonance mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the third frequency band. In other words, the electrical length between the second ground terminal J and the fourth free terminal G is close to or 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the third frequency band, so that the third signal source 23 can excite the third conductive branch 13 between the second ground terminal J and the fourth free terminal G to form a 1/4 wavelength mode supporting the third frequency band.

Referring to fig. 19, the third signal source 23 is further configured to excite a sixth resonant mode supporting the fourth frequency band between the first connection point B and the first free end a. The sixth resonance mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the fourth frequency band. In other words, the electrical length between the first connection point B and the first free end a is close to or 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency point of the fourth frequency band, so that the third signal source 23 can excite the third conductive branch 13 between the first connection point B and the first free end a to form a 1/4 wavelength mode supporting the fourth frequency band. Optionally, the first matching circuit M1 further includes a third circuit 43, one end of the third circuit 43 is electrically connected to the first connection point B, and the other end of the third circuit 43 is electrically connected to the reference ground. The third ground return circuit 43 is configured to return the resonant current of the fourth frequency band to ground.

In this embodiment, the third signal source 23 is electrically connected to the feeding point H, so that the antenna assembly 100 can support multiple frequency bands, such as Wi-Fi2.4g+gps-l1+n78+wi-Fi 5G.

Referring to fig. 17, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a second combiner 72. The second combiner 72 is electrically connected to the feeding point H, the third signal source 23, and the second switching circuit 32.

For example, one input end of the second combiner 72 is electrically connected to an end of the second switch switching circuit 32 facing away from the second signal source 22, the other input end of the second combiner 72 is electrically connected to the third signal source 23, and the output end of the second combiner 72 is electrically connected to the feeding point H through a third rf transmission line.

The second combiner 72 is configured to combine the excitation signal provided by the second signal source 22 and the excitation signal provided by the third signal source 23 into a signal when the second switch switching circuit 32 turns on the feeding point H and the second signal source 22, and transmit the combined signal to the third conductive branch 13.

The second combiner 72 is further configured to send the excitation signal provided by the third signal source 23 to the feeding point H of the third conductive branch 13 when the second switch switching circuit 32 disconnects the feeding point H from the second signal source 22.

In this embodiment, the signals of the second signal source 22 and the third signal source 23 are transmitted to the third conductive branch 13 after being combined by the second combiner 72, and meanwhile, the second combiner 72 also satisfies the single-path operation of the third signal source 23, so as to ensure that the second signal source 22 can switch different feed ports, and ensure that the operation of the third signal source 23 is not affected by the switching of the feed ports of the second signal source 22.

Optionally, the first free end a is located at the first frame portion 321. The second free end D is located at the second frame portion 322. The orientation of the first free end a differs from the orientation of the second free end D by 90 °. The primary energy of the first conductive branch 11 in the first resonant mode radiates towards the reference floor and away from the second rim portion 322, for example towards the right half of the electronic device 1000. The first conductive branch 11 forms a side current in the second resonance mode, and an antenna radiation pattern of the side current is an omnidirectional radiation pattern.

The electronic device 1000 also includes a controller (not shown). The controller is electrically connected to the first switch switching circuit 31. The controller controls the first switch switching circuit 31 to switch the first signal source 21 to be electrically connected to the first connection point B, or to be electrically connected to the second connection point C, or to be electrically connected to both the first connection point B and the second connection point C according to a difference between a signal intensity of the antenna assembly 100 operating in the first frequency band and a first preset signal threshold.

For example, the controller monitors the signal intensity of the antenna assembly 100 working in the first frequency band in real time or monitors the signal intensity in a preset frequency, compares the signal intensity with a preset signal threshold, and when the signal intensity of the first frequency band is lower than the first preset signal threshold, the controller controls the first switch switching circuit 31 to switch the feeding position of the first signal source 21, for example, the first signal source 21 feeds the first connection point B to the first signal source 21 feeds the second connection point C, so as to change the radiation pattern of the first frequency band until the signal intensity of the first frequency band is greater than or equal to the preset signal threshold.

For another example, the controller controls the first switch switching circuit 31 at a certain frequency, compares the signal intensity when the first signal source 21 feeds the first connection point B, the signal intensity when the first signal source 21 feeds the second connection point C, and the signal intensity when the first signal source 21 feeds the first connection point B and the second connection point C, and takes the feeding mode corresponding to the maximum value of the three signal intensities as the operation feeding mode of the first frequency band.

Similarly, the controller is electrically connected to the second switch switching circuit 32. The controller controls the second switch switching circuit 32 to switch the second signal source 22 to be electrically connected to the second connection point C, or to be electrically connected to the feeding point H, or to be electrically connected to the second connection point C and the feeding point H at the same time according to a difference between the signal intensity of the antenna assembly 100 operating in the second frequency band and a second preset signal threshold.

The antenna assembly 100 provided by the embodiment of the application can support Wi-Fi 2.4G, wi-Fi 5G, GPS L1 and NR N78 frequency bands, and meanwhile, two different working states exist in the Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band, and the Wi-Fi 2.4G antenna can be adjusted to radiate towards different directions through a switch.

Referring to fig. 20 in combination with fig. 14, in one embodiment, the antenna assembly 100 includes a second conductive branch 12, the first conductive branch 11, and a third conductive branch 13. The gap between the second conductive branch 12 and the first conductive branch 11 is a first coupling gap N1, and the gap between the first conductive branch 11 and the third conductive branch 13 is a second coupling gap N2. The first grounding end F of the second conductive branch 12 is connected with the middle frame of the mobile phone to return to the ground, or is connected with a matching adjusting element of the main board 600 through a shrapnel to adjust the current of the second conductive branch 12. The first connection point B and the second connection point C on the first conductive branch 11 are electrically connected to the Wi-fi2.4 radio frequency transceiver chip through the first switch switching circuit 31. The first switch switching circuit 31 is an SPDT switch, so that the Wi-fi2.4 rf signal is selectively fed to the first connection point B or the second connection point C. The signal trend is determined by the state of the SPDT switch. In addition, a first switch 61 and a first matching circuit M1 are further included between the first connection point B and the SPDT switch, and a second matching circuit M2 and a second switch 62 are further included between the second connection point CSPDT switch. The first switch 61 and the second switch 62 are SPST switches. The first switch 61 is SPST1, and the second switch 62 is SPST2. The SPST switch is used for controlling current distribution in different working states and improving isolation between ports. The second ground J on the third conductive branch 13 is the same as the first ground F and may be directly grounded or connected to a matching tuning element of the motherboard 600. The feeding point H on the third conductive branch 13 is electrically connected with the Wi-Fi 5G+GPS L1+N78 frequency band radio frequency chip. The current mode of Wi-Fi 5G band is 1/4 wavelength mode from the first connection point B to the second coupling slot N2. The current mode of the N78 band is from the feed point H to the 1/4 wavelength mode of the second coupling slot N2. The current mode of GPS L1 is from the second ground point to the 1/4 wavelength mode of the second coupling slot N2.

The working principle of the antenna is as follows: when the SPDT switch adjusts the signal of Wi-f 2.4g to be fed to different antenna ports (first connection point B or second connection point C), the switching of the SPDT switch on the two ports will excite different current distribution, thereby generating different radiation patterns in space. The specific scheme is as follows:

in the first state, the SPDT switch regulates and controls the signal of Wi-Fi2.4G to be fed to the second connection point C, the SPST1 is turned on at this time, the SPST2 is turned off, the current in the Wi-Fi2.4 frequency band is returned from the first connection point B to the reference floor to form a 1/4 wavelength mode from the first connection point B to the first coupling gap N1, on the other hand, the length of the second conductive branch 12 is regulated by regulating the position of the first coupling gap N1 or the first grounding end F, so that the second conductive branch 12 resonates at about 2.4GHz, and an enhancement effect is generated on the radiation of the Wi-Fi2.4G signal after the second conductive branch 12 is overlapped with the radiation of the first conductive branch 11.

Referring to fig. 21, fig. 21 is a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 at a frequency of 2.44GHz in a first state. It can be seen that for the Wi-fi2.4 band, the 1/4 wavelength mode from the second connection point C to the second coupling slot N2 will now be excited, the antenna port being directed to the right, the antenna energy being radiated mainly to the right.

Referring to fig. 22, fig. 22 shows the overall system efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 when operating in different frequency bands. Wherein, the curve a1 represents the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 supporting Wi-Fi2.4G band in the first state. Curve b1 represents the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 when supporting the N78/GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G band in the first state. Curve a2 represents the overall efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 when supporting the Wi-fi2.4g band in the first state. Curve b2 represents the overall efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 when supporting the N78/GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G band in the first state.

In the second state, the SPDT switch regulates Wi-Fi2.4G signal to be fed to the first connection point B of the first conductive branch 11, and at this time, the SPST1 switch is turned off, the SPST2 switch is turned on, and the current returns to ground through the second connection point C.

Referring to fig. 23, fig. 23 is a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the second state. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 in the second state is a near omnidirectional radiation pattern, which is capable of uniformly receiving energy from all directions in space. For the N78/GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G frequency band, the current on the third conductive branch 13 can be excited to radiate, and the signal of Wi-Fi2.4G is not influenced.

Referring to fig. 22, fig. 22 shows the overall system efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 when operating in different frequency bands. It can be seen that the Wi-Fi2.4G, GPS, N78, wi-Fi5G frequency bands have little change in efficiency for different states.

For a general scene, the Wi-Fi antenna can be selected to work in a first state, and energy transmitted in all directions can be uniformly received at the moment. If most of the energy of the signal is transmitted from the right side, the RSSI in the second state is better than that in the first state, and the antenna is switched to the second state, so that the gain of the antenna can be improved, and the communication quality is improved. In practical application, the operation mode with the strongest Wi-Fi signal can be intelligently selected by detecting the strength of Wi-Fi signals in different states through the mobile phone.

Compared with the scheme of the traditional fixed directional diagram, the scheme has two selectable antenna directional diagrams, the radiation direction of the antenna can be intelligently adjusted, and the working mode can be intelligently selected according to Wi-Fi signal distribution of the environment, so that the communication quality is improved.

Each port of the antenna assembly 100 may be connected to a matching circuit, and adjusted according to practical situations. The length of the conductive branches and the positions of the connection points are adjustable, and the adjusted antenna can work in frequency bands outside the frequency bands described herein, including but not limited to the frequency bands of GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G/N78. The second conductive branch 12 may have the effect of enhancing Wi-Fi2.4G radiation, and when the length of the second conductive branch 12 is changed, the second conductive branch 12 may not resonate near 2.4GHz, may operate at a higher frequency (shorter branch) or at a lower frequency (longer branch), depending on the goals of the designer. If other rf signal sources are connected to the second conductive branch 12, the second conductive branch 12 may be used to radiate signals in other frequency bands (different or identical to the frequency bands described herein), so that more frequency bands can be used for communication. The switching form is not limited to the SPST or SPDT mentioned in this case as long as similar functions can be achieved.

According to the method, the first signal source 21 is switched to the first connection point B and the second connection point C, the reconfigurable directional diagram with two complementary spatial energy distributions is achieved, the radiation direction of the antenna can be intelligently adjusted, the working mode is intelligently selected according to Wi-Fi2.4G signal distribution of the environment, the antenna can be guaranteed to be connected to the energy of Wi-Fi2.4G signals transmitted by the environment by an optimal angle, and communication interruption caused by 'zero' of the directional diagram is avoided. The antenna can support 4 frequency bands to work while having a reconfigurable directional diagram, and besides Wi-Fi frequency bands, the antenna also comprises N78 frequency bands of GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G and NR, so that smaller space can be occupied to realize more frequency band coverage; when one of the two excitation ports of the Wi-F2.4G antenna is excited, the SPST switch of the other port is conducted, so that current flows to the ground, isolation between the two ports can be improved, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is prevented from being influenced due to the fact that the ports are too close.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 24 and 16, the wi-fi2.4 signal is split into two paths through an SPDT switch after coming out from the first signal source 21, wherein one path of the signal entering the first combiner 71 and the N78 frequency band is fed to the second connection point C together, and the other path of the signal is directly fed to the first connection point B. In actual operation, the trend of the signal is determined by the state of the SPDT. The first switch 61 and the first matching circuit M1 are further arranged between the first connection point B and the SPDT switch, and the second matching circuit M2 is further arranged between the second connection point C and the SPDT switch. Wherein the first switch 61 is an SPST switch. The SPST switch is used for controlling current distribution in different working states and improving isolation between ports. The second grounding end J on the third conductive branch 13 is the same as the first grounding end F, and can be directly grounded or connected to a matching adjusting element of the main board 600, and the feeding point H is connected with the radio frequency signal sources of the GPS L1 and Wi-Fi 5G frequency bands for excitation.

In the first state, the SPDT switch regulates and controls the signal of Wi-Fi 2.4G to be fed to the second connection point C, and at this time, the SPST switch of the first connection point B is turned on, the current in the Wi-Fi2.4 frequency band will flow back to the main board 600 and the middle frame from the first connection point B, so as to form a 1/4 wavelength mode from the first connection point B to the first coupling slot N1, on the other hand, the length of the second conductive branch 12 is regulated by adjusting the position of the first coupling slot N1 or the first grounding end F, so that the second conductive branch 12 resonates at about 3.5GHz, and the first conductive branch 11 and the second conductive branch 12 can radiate the signals in the Wi-Fi 2.4G and N78 frequency bands at the same time.

Referring to fig. 25, fig. 25 is a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 at a frequency of 2.44GHz in a first state. It can be seen that for the Wi-fi2.4 band, the 1/4 wavelength mode from the second ground J to the second coupling slot N2 will be excited with the antenna port facing right, and the antenna energy will now radiate mainly to the right. In this state, the energy of the GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G frequency band is still radiated by exciting the third conductive branch 13 through the feeding point H.

Referring to fig. 26, fig. 26 shows S parameters of the antenna assembly 100 when operating in different frequency bands. Curve a is the S-parameter curve for the GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G band. Curve B is the S-parameter curve when the Wi-fi2.4 signal is fed from the first connection point B. Curve C is the S-parameter curve for the Wi-fi2.4 signal and the N78 band excited from the second junction C. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 may support the GPS L1 band, wi-Fi 5G band, wi-Fi 2.4G band, N78 band.

Referring to fig. 27, fig. 27 shows the overall system efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 when operating in different frequency bands. Curve a is the overall efficiency curve for the GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G band. Curve B is the overall efficiency curve for Wi-fi2.4 signal fed from the first connection point B. Curve C is the overall efficiency curve for the Wi-fi2.4 signal and the N78 band excited from the second junction C. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 has better efficiency in the GPS L1 band, wi-Fi 5G band, wi-Fi 2.4G band, and N78 band.

In the second state, the SPDT switch regulates Wi-Fi 2.4G signal to be fed to the first connection point B of the first conductive branch 11, and the SPDT switch of the first connection point B is turned off at this time.

Referring to fig. 28, fig. 28 is a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the second state. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 in the second state is a near omnidirectional radiation pattern, which is capable of uniformly receiving energy from all directions in space.

For the GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G frequency band, the signal is fed to the feed point H to excite the current on the third conductive branch 13 to radiate. The radiation mode of the GPS L1 frequency band is mainly a 1/4 wavelength mode from the second grounding end J to the second coupling gap N2, and the radiation mode of the Wi-Fi 5G frequency band is mainly a 1/4 wavelength mode from the first connecting point B to the second coupling gap N2.

Referring to fig. 29, fig. 29 shows S parameters of the antenna assembly 100 when operating in different frequency bands. Curve a is the S-parameter curve for the GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G band. Curve b is the S-parameter curve for Wi-Fi 2.4G and N78 bands. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 may support the GPS L1 band, wi-Fi 5G band, wi-Fi 2.4G band, N78 band.

Referring to fig. 30, fig. 30 shows the efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 when operating in different frequency bands. Curve a is the overall efficiency curve for the GPS L1/Wi-Fi 5G band. Curve b is the total efficiency curve for Wi-Fi 2.4G and N78 bands. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 has better efficiency in the GPS L1 band, wi-Fi 5G band, wi-Fi 2.4G band, and N78 band.

While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and alterations of the above embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application, which are also to be regarded as being within the scope of the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

one end of the first switch switching circuit is electrically connected with the first signal source, and the first switch switching circuit is also electrically connected with the first connection point and the second connection point; the first switch switching circuit is configured to support a first resonance mode of a first frequency band when the first signal source is conducted with the first connection point; the first switch switching circuit is configured to support a second resonance mode of the first frequency band when the first signal source is connected with the second connection point;

a first loop circuit, one end of which is electrically connected with the first connection point, and the other end of which is grounded; and

One end of the second circuit is electrically connected with the second connection point, and the other end of the second circuit is grounded;

the current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end and the second connection point and is returned to the ground through the second loop circuit; the current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the first connection point and the second free end, and is returned to the ground through the first loop circuit, and the coverage range of the main radiation energy of the first conductive branch in the first resonance mode is different from that of the main radiation energy of the first conductive branch in the second resonance mode.

2. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the antenna assembly comprises a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, the first matching circuit being electrically connected between the first signal source and the first connection point or electrically connected to the first signal source and the first connection point, respectively; the second matching circuit is electrically connected between the first signal source and the second connection point or respectively electrically connected with the first signal source and the second connection point.

3. The antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein the first loop circuit includes a first switch having one end electrically connected to an end of the first matching circuit facing away from the first connection point, and the other end of the first switch being grounded; or, one end of the first switch is electrically connected between the first matching circuit and the first connection point, and the other end of the first switch is grounded.

4. The antenna assembly of claim 3 wherein the first switch is opened when the first switch switching circuit switches to the first signal source electrically connecting the first connection point;

when the first switch switching circuit is switched to the first signal source to be electrically connected with the second connection point, the first switch is conducted.

5. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the second loop circuit includes a second switch having one end electrically connected between a second matching circuit and the second connection point, and the other end of the second switch being grounded; or, one end of the second switch is electrically connected to one end of the second matching circuit, which is away from the second connection point, and the other end of the second switch is grounded.

6. The antenna assembly of claim 5, wherein the second switch is turned on when the first switch switching circuit switches to the first signal source to electrically connect the first connection point;

when the first switch switching circuit is switched to the first signal source to be electrically connected with the second connection point, the second switch is disconnected.

7. The antenna assembly of claim 3 wherein the first matching circuit includes the first loop circuit for causing a resonant current of the first resonant mode on the first conductive branch to return to ground through the first connection point.

8. The antenna assembly of claim 3 wherein the second matching circuit includes the second loop circuit for causing resonant current of the first resonant mode on the first conductive branch to pass back through the second connection point to ground.

9. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the first resonant mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the first frequency band and the second resonant mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of the center frequency point of the first frequency band.

10. The antenna assembly of claim 1, further comprising a second conductive stub and a second signal source, the second conductive stub comprising a third free end and a first ground end disposed opposite one another, a first coupling gap being formed between the third free end and the second free end; the second signal source is electrically connected with the second connection point and is used for providing an excitation signal of a second frequency band, the second signal source is used for exciting a third resonance mode supporting the second frequency band between the first grounding end and the third free end, resonance current of the third resonance mode is distributed between the first grounding end and the third free end, and the third resonance mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a central frequency point of the second frequency band.

11. The antenna assembly of claim 10, wherein the second resonant mode further comprises a parasitic resonant mode, the parasitic resonant mode corresponding to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the first frequency band, a resonant current of the parasitic resonant mode being distributed between the third free end and the first ground end.

12. The antenna assembly of claim 10 further comprising a first combiner electrically connected between the first switch switching circuit and the second connection point, the second signal source electrically connected to the first combiner, the first combiner configured to combine the excitation signal of the second frequency band with the excitation signal of the first frequency band into a single path when the first switch switching circuit turns on the second connection point and the first signal source, the first combiner further configured to transmit the excitation signal of the second frequency band to the second connection point when the first switch switching circuit turns off the second connection point and the first signal source.

13. The antenna assembly of any of claims 1-12, further comprising a third conductive stub comprising a fourth free end, a feed point, and a second ground end disposed in sequence, the fourth free end and the first free end forming a second coupling gap therebetween; the feeding point is used for receiving an excitation signal of a second frequency band so as to excite a third conductive branch between the feeding point and the fourth free end to form a fourth resonance mode supporting the second frequency band, resonance current of the fourth resonance mode is distributed between the feeding point and the fourth free end, and the fourth resonance mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a central frequency point of the second frequency band.

14. The antenna assembly of claim 13, wherein when the antenna assembly comprises a third conductive branch, a second signal source, and a first combiner, the antenna assembly further comprises a second switch switching circuit electrically connecting the first combiner, the second signal source, and the feed point, the second switch switching circuit for switching the second signal source to electrically connect the first combiner and/or the feed point.

15. The antenna assembly of claim 14 further comprising a third signal source for providing excitation signals in a third frequency band and a fourth frequency band, the third signal source being electrically connected to the feed point, the third signal source being configured to excite a fifth resonant mode between the second ground terminal and the fourth free terminal that supports the third frequency band, the fifth resonant mode corresponding to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the third frequency band; the third signal source is further configured to excite a sixth resonant mode supporting the fourth frequency band to be formed between the first connection point and the first free end, where the sixth resonant mode corresponds to a 1/4 wavelength mode of a center frequency point of the fourth frequency band.

16. The antenna assembly of claim 15 further comprising a second combiner electrically connecting the feed point, the third signal source, and the second switch-over circuit, the second combiner for combining an excitation signal provided by the second signal source with an excitation signal provided by the third signal source when the second switch-over circuit turns on the feed point and the second signal source, the second combiner further for delivering the excitation signal provided by the third signal source to the feed point when the second switch-over circuit turns off the feed point and the second signal source.

17. The antenna assembly of claim 15, wherein the first frequency band comprises at least one of a Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band, an N41 frequency band, the second frequency band comprises an N78 frequency band, the third frequency band comprises a GPS-L1 frequency band, and the fourth frequency band comprises a Wi-Fi 5G frequency band.

18. An electronic device, comprising a frame, a reference floor, and an antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein the reference floor is disposed in the frame, the frame comprises a first frame portion and a second frame portion that are disposed in an intersecting manner, the first free end is disposed in the first frame portion, and the second free end is disposed in the second frame portion.

19. The electronic device of claim 18, wherein a dominant energy of the first conductive branch in the first resonant mode radiates toward the reference floor away from the second bezel portion, and an antenna radiation pattern of the first conductive branch in the second resonant mode is an omnidirectional radiation pattern.

20. The electronic device of claim 19, further comprising a controller electrically connected to the first switch switching circuit, the controller controlling the first switch switching circuit to switch the first signal source to electrically connect to the first connection point, to electrically connect to the second connection point, or to electrically connect to both the first connection point and the second connection point based on a difference between a signal strength of the antenna assembly operating in the first frequency band and a preset signal threshold.