CN117524563A - Fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117524563A
CN117524563A CN202410012351.8A CN202410012351A CN117524563A CN 117524563 A CN117524563 A CN 117524563A CN 202410012351 A CN202410012351 A CN 202410012351A CN 117524563 A CN117524563 A CN 117524563A
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cable
parts
outer sheath
wire
fiber reinforced
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CN117524563B (en
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吴广军
黎晓东
欧君妹
虢芷璇
王剑阳
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3f Electronics Industry Corp ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/02—Stranding-up
    • H01B13/0207—Details; Auxiliary devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wire and cable manufacture, and discloses a fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable sequentially comprises a cable core, a shielding layer and an outer sheath layer from inside to outside; wherein the cable core is made by coating a copper core with a polyvinyl chloride film; the shielding layer is made by coating a cable core with metal aluminum foil; the outer sheath layer comprises the following raw materials: the outer sheath layer prepared by the method has very excellent mechanical strength, toughness, shock resistance, high temperature resistance and flame retardance, and the prepared wire and cable can adapt to the requirements of various environments, and has very wide application field and long service life.

Description

Fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wire and cable manufacturing, in particular to a fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The electric wire and cable is one of the most important components of a modern power system, the quality of the electric wire and cable directly affects the safety and stability of the power system, at present, with the development of technology, the electric wire and cable is widely applied to various fields, and becomes an important bridge for urban construction and economic development, but in the actual use process, the electric wire and cable can be easily affected by mechanical impact, so that the cable needs to have strong mechanical properties and has the capability of impact resistance, thereby being capable of relieving stress change caused by impact, reducing the generation of cracks, and the current power cable mostly takes plastic as a sheath layer, and the performance of the sheath layer determines the service life of the power cable.
The plastic performance of the current plastic is not up to the requirement of the wire and cable in a plurality of fields, the plastic used as the wire and cable sheath layer is not only required to have excellent mechanical strength, and can not generate cracks when being impacted, but also is required to exist stably in a high-temperature environment generated by current output, and fire is prevented from spreading when current is short-circuited, so that the plastic is often subjected to modification treatment in the preparation process of the sheath layer, for example, the patent with the publication number of CN115394477B discloses a low-voltage and ultraviolet-resistant cable and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable and a manufacturing method thereof, which solve the following technical problems: (1) The common wire and cable has insufficient strength and toughness, and is easy to crack after long-time use, so that the service life of the wire and cable is influenced; (2) The common wire and cable has low high temperature resistance, and the heat generated by current output is easy to cause cable aging and increase fire risk.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable comprises a cable core, a shielding layer and an outer sheath layer from inside to outside in sequence; the cable core is made by coating a copper core with a polyvinyl chloride film; the shielding layer is made by coating a cable core with a metal aluminum foil; the outer sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 8-10 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 10-15 parts of heat-resistant toughening composition, 5-8 parts of reinforcing flame retardant filler, 1-3 parts of lubricant, 2-4 parts of dispersing agent, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorber and 3-5 parts of antioxidant.
Further, the lubricant is any one of stearic acid, zinc stearate and white oil; the dispersing agent is perfluoro caprylic acid; the ultraviolet absorber is any one of ultraviolet absorber UV-120 and ultraviolet absorber UV-1164; the antioxidant is any one of antioxidant 1135 and antioxidant 2246.
Further, the preparation method of the heat-resistant toughening composition comprises the following steps:
s1: placing polyisobutene in chloroform, adding formic acid and hydrogen peroxide after fully stirring, reacting for 3-5h, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove low-boiling-point substances to obtain modified polyisobutene;
s2: and (3) placing the modified polyisobutene in toluene, fully stirring, adding furfuryl alcohol and a catalyst, heating to 75-85 ℃ for reaction for 5-6h, removing the solvent by rotary evaporation, and filtering to obtain the heat-resistant toughening composition.
In the scheme, double bonds in the polyisobutylene structure are oxidized into epoxy groups under the action of formic acid and hydrogen peroxide to obtain modified polyisobutylene with the epoxy groups, then under the action of a catalyst, the epoxy groups in the modified polyisobutylene structure and hydroxyl groups in the furfuryl alcohol structure undergo ring opening reaction to obtain the heat-resistant toughening composition, the heat-resistant toughening composition takes polyisobutylene as a matrix material, has good molecular chain flexibility, can induce a large number of silver marks when impacted, absorbs impact energy, improves the toughness of the oversheath composite material, has a conjugated system in the furan ring structure introduced into the molecular chain, has higher chemical stability and thermal stability, can improve the high temperature resistance of the oversheath composite material, reduce the influence of a current thermal effect on the oversheath material, prolongs the service life of the oversheath material, and simultaneously has a plurality of active hydroxyl groups in the structure to provide crosslinking sites, so that the heat-resistant toughening composition can generate crosslinking reaction with the oversheath composite material, improve the cohesive force of the composite material, strengthen the mechanical strength of the oversheath composite material, and reduce the risk of cable oversheath cracking.
Further, in the step S1, the concentration of the formic acid is 1-2mol/L, and the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 1.5-3mol/L.
Further, in step S2, the catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide.
Further, the preparation method of the reinforced flame-retardant filler comprises the following steps:
SS1: placing the alumina-based ceramic fiber in dimethylbenzene, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-20min, adding glycine, performing suction filtration after reflux reaction, washing, and drying to obtain a modified ceramic fiber;
SS2: placing the modified ceramic fiber in tetrahydrofuran, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20-30min, performing ice bath at 0-4 ℃, adding diethyl 2-bromoethyl phosphonate and an acid binding agent, fully stirring for 6-8h, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the reinforced flame retardant filler.
In the scheme, carboxyl in a glycine structure reacts with hydroxyl on the surface of an alumina-based ceramic fiber to obtain a modified ceramic fiber with amino, and then nucleophilic substitution reaction is carried out on the amino on the surface of the modified ceramic fiber and active bromine in a diethyl 2-bromoethyl phosphonate structure under the action of an acid binding agent to obtain the reinforced flame retardant filler. The reinforced flame-retardant filler takes alumina-based ceramic fiber as a matrix, has light capacity, long service life and high tensile strength, has excellent heat stability, is added into an oversheath composite material as the reinforced flame-retardant filler after surface modification, can be uniformly dispersed in the composite material, can bear external load like a bridge when an oversheath layer is impacted to generate cracks, and is bridged between the cracks, and consumes the external load to apply work, so that the toughness of the oversheath layer is improved, the risk of crack generation is reduced, the oversheath layer is effectively prevented from cracking, the service life of the oversheath is prolonged, and the surface grafted glycine and the diethyl 2-bromoethyl phosphonate can also form a nitrogen-phosphorus synergistic flame-retardant system to additionally endow the oversheath composite material with flame retardant performance, so that fire propagation can be effectively prevented, fire loss can be reduced, and life and property safety can be maintained when fire occurs.
Further, in step SS1, the reflux reaction time is 12-18 hours.
Further, in step SS2, the acid-binding agent is triethylamine.
A method for manufacturing a fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable, comprising the steps of:
(1) Twisting 8-10 tinned copper wires with the wire diameter of 1-1.5mm to obtain a copper core, coating a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.05-0.08mm on the surface of the copper core to form an insulating layer, and twisting the copper core with the insulating layer to form a cable core;
(2) Wrapping a metal aluminum foil with the thickness of 0.1-0.15mm on the surface of a cable core in a surrounding manner to form a shielding layer, so as to obtain a semi-finished cable;
(3) Placing polytetrafluoroethylene, a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, a heat-resistant toughening composition, a reinforcing flame-retardant filler, stearic acid, a dispersing agent, an ultraviolet absorber and an antioxidant in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to be 400-500r/min, heating to 190-210 ℃ and mixing for 1-2h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
(4) Placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 200-230 ℃, the temperature of a second area of the extruder to be 180-220 ℃, the temperature of a third area of the extruder to be 170-210 ℃, the temperature of a fourth area of the extruder to be 160-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of a screw to be 200-300r/min, and carrying out melt extrusion granulation to obtain an outer sheath composite material;
(5) And (3) coating the outer sheath composite material on the surface of the semi-finished cable after melt extrusion, and cooling and solidifying to form an outer sheath layer to obtain the fluoroplastic wire and cable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention ensures that the prepared composite material has the bending strength of 76.1MPa, the tensile strength of 40.3MPa and the impact strength of 13.4KJ/m by preparing the heat-resistant toughening composition and participating in the preparation process of the outer sheath composite material by reinforcing and flame-retardant filler 2 The Vicat softening temperature reaches 143, the flame retardant grade reaches V-0, and the cable has very excellent mechanical strength, toughness, impact resistance, high temperature resistance and flame retardant property, so that the prepared cable can adapt to the requirements of various environments, and has very wide application field and long service life.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of a modified polyisobutylene, heat resistant toughening composition in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of a modified ceramic fiber, a reinforcing flame retardant filler in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention, the preparation methods of the heat-resistant toughening composition and the reinforcing flame retardant filler used are as follows:
preparation of the heat-resistant toughening composition:
s1: 3ml of polyisobutene is placed in 50ml of chloroform, 2ml of formic acid with the concentration of 1mol/L and 1.5ml of hydrogen peroxide with the concentration of 1.5mol/L are added after full stirring, and after 3 hours of reaction, low-boiling substances are removed by reduced pressure distillation, so that modified polyisobutene is obtained;
s2: 3.5ml of modified polyisobutene is placed in 60ml of toluene, after being fully stirred, 3ml of furfuryl alcohol and 0.03g of tetrabutylammonium bromide are added, the temperature is raised to 75 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours, and after the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, the heat-resistant toughening composition is obtained by filtration.
The modified polyisobutene and the heat-resistant toughening composition were respectively mixed and ground with potassium bromide using a fourier infrared spectrometer, and then tabletted, and infrared spectroscopy was performed, as can be seen from fig. 12923cm in the IR spectrum of isobutene -1 Is at the absorption peak of carbon-hydrogen bond in methyl group, 1244cm -1 Is characterized by an absorption peak of carbon-oxygen bond in epoxy group of 913cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of the epoxy group is shown; in the infrared spectrum of the heat-resistant toughening composition, 1244cm is compared with the infrared spectrum of the modified polyisobutene -1 Absorption peak of carbon-oxygen bond in epoxy group and 913cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of epoxy group is basically disappeared at 3131cm -1 The absorption peak of carbon-hydrogen bond in furan ring appears at 3354cm -1 The absorption peak of the hydroxyl appears, which indicates that the epoxy group in the modified polyisobutene structure and the hydroxyl in the furfuryl alcohol structure have ring-opening reaction.
Preparation of reinforcing flame-retardant filler:
SS1: placing 2g of alumina-based ceramic fiber in 100ml of dimethylbenzene, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min, adding 2.5g of glycine, performing reflux reaction for 12h, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain modified ceramic fiber;
SS2: 2.5g of modified ceramic fiber is placed in 120ml of tetrahydrofuran, dispersed by ultrasonic for 20min, ice-bath is carried out at the temperature of 0 ℃, 2g of diethyl 2-bromoethylphosphonate and 0.2g of triethylamine are added, and the mixture is fully stirred for 6h, filtered, washed and dried to obtain the reinforcing flame retardant filler.
The modified ceramic fiber and the reinforcing flame retardant filler were respectively mixed and ground with potassium bromide using a fourier spectrometer and then tabletted, and infrared spectrum test was performed, as can be seen from fig. 2, 3421cm in the infrared spectrum of the modified ceramic fiber -1 Is at the absorption peak of nitrogen-hydrogen bond in amino group, 1721cm -1 The absorption peak of the carbon-oxygen double bond in the ester group is shown; 3411cm in the IR spectrum of the reinforcing flame-retardant filler -1 The peak is the absorption peak of nitrogen-hydrogen bond in imine group, 1220cm -1 Is characterized by an absorption peak of phosphorus-oxygen double bond in phosphate group, 3411cm -1 Absorption peak of nitrogen-hydrogen bond in imine group and 1220cm -1 The appearance of phosphorus-oxygen double bond absorption peak in the phosphate group shows that the amino group on the surface of the modified ceramic fiber and active bromine in the diethyl 2-bromoethyl phosphonate structure have nucleophilic substitution reaction.
Example 1
Preparation of outer sheath composite material
Step one, placing 80 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 8 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 10 parts of heat-resistant toughening composition, 5 parts of reinforcing flame retardant filler, 1 part of stearic acid, 2 parts of perfluorooctanoic acid, 1 part of ultraviolet absorbent UV-120 and 3 parts of antioxidant 1135 in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to 400r/min, heating to 190 ℃, mixing for 1h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
and step two, placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 200 ℃, setting the temperature of a second area to be 180 ℃, setting the temperature of a third area to be 170 ℃, setting the temperature of a fourth area to be 160 ℃, and performing melt extrusion granulation at the screw speed of 200r/min to obtain the outer sheath composite material.
Example 2
Preparation of outer sheath composite material
Step one, placing 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 9 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 13 parts of heat-resistant toughening composition, 7 parts of reinforcing flame retardant filler, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 3 parts of perfluorooctanoic acid, 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorbent UV-1164 and 3 parts of antioxidant 2246 in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to 450r/min, heating to 200 ℃, mixing for 1.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
and step two, placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 210 ℃, setting the temperature of a second area to be 200 ℃, setting the temperature of a third area to be 190 ℃, setting the temperature of a fourth area to be 180 ℃, and performing melt extrusion granulation at the screw speed of 250r/min to obtain the outer sheath composite material.
Example 3
Preparation of outer sheath composite material
Step one, placing 120 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 15 parts of heat-resistant toughening composition, 8 parts of reinforcing flame retardant filler, 3 parts of white oil, 4 parts of perfluorooctanoic acid, 2 parts of ultraviolet absorbent UV-1164 and 5 antioxidant 2246 in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to be 500r/min, heating to 210 ℃, mixing for 2 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
and step two, placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 230 ℃, setting the temperature of a second area to be 220 ℃, setting the temperature of a third area to be 210 ℃, setting the temperature of a fourth area to be 200 ℃, and performing melt extrusion granulation at the screw speed of 300r/min to obtain the outer sheath composite material.
Comparative example 1
Preparation of outer sheath composite material
Step one, placing 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 9 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 7 parts of reinforcing flame retardant filler, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 3 parts of perfluorooctanoic acid, 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorbent UV-1164 and 3 parts of antioxidant 2246 in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to 450r/min, heating to 200 ℃, mixing for 1.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
and step two, placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 210 ℃, setting the temperature of a second area to be 200 ℃, setting the temperature of a third area to be 190 ℃, setting the temperature of a fourth area to be 180 ℃, and performing melt extrusion granulation at the screw speed of 250r/min to obtain the outer sheath composite material.
Comparative example 2
Preparation of outer sheath composite material
Step one, placing 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 9 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 13 parts of heat-resistant toughening composition, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 3 parts of perfluorooctanoic acid, 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorber UV-1164 and 3 parts of antioxidant 2246 in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to 450r/min, heating to 200 ℃, mixing for 1.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
and step two, placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 210 ℃, setting the temperature of a second area to be 200 ℃, setting the temperature of a third area to be 190 ℃, setting the temperature of a fourth area to be 180 ℃, and performing melt extrusion granulation at the screw speed of 250r/min to obtain the outer sheath composite material.
Comparative example 3
Preparation of outer sheath composite material
Step one, placing 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 9 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 3 parts of perfluorooctanoic acid, 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorber UV-1164 and 3 parts of antioxidant 2246 in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to 450r/min, heating to 200 ℃, mixing for 1.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
and step two, placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 210 ℃, setting the temperature of a second area to be 200 ℃, setting the temperature of a third area to be 190 ℃, setting the temperature of a fourth area to be 180 ℃, and performing melt extrusion granulation at the screw speed of 250r/min to obtain the outer sheath composite material.
Comparative example 4
Preparation of outer sheath composite material
Step one, placing 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 9 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 13 parts of polyisobutylene, 7 parts of reinforcing flame retardant filler, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 3 parts of perfluorooctanoic acid, 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorbent UV-1164 and 3 parts of antioxidant 2246 in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to 450r/min, heating to 200 ℃, mixing for 1.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
and step two, placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 210 ℃, setting the temperature of a second area to be 200 ℃, setting the temperature of a third area to be 190 ℃, setting the temperature of a fourth area to be 180 ℃, and performing melt extrusion granulation at the screw speed of 250r/min to obtain the outer sheath composite material.
Comparative example 5
Preparation of outer sheath composite material
Step one, placing 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 9 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 13 parts of heat-resistant toughening composition, 7 parts of alumina-based ceramic fiber, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 3 parts of perfluorooctanoic acid, 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorbent UV-1164 and 3 parts of antioxidant 2246 in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to 450r/min, heating to 200 ℃, mixing for 1.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
and step two, placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 210 ℃, setting the temperature of a second area to be 200 ℃, setting the temperature of a third area to be 190 ℃, setting the temperature of a fourth area to be 180 ℃, and performing melt extrusion granulation at the screw speed of 250r/min to obtain the outer sheath composite material.
Performance detection
Tabletting the outer sheath composite materials prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-5 to prepare a sample meeting the specification, and testing the tensile strength of the sample with reference to the standard GB/T1040.3-2006 to judge the mechanical properties of the sample; the bending strength of the sample is tested by referring to the standard GB/T9341-2008, and the toughness of the sample is judged; performing impact strength test on the sample by referring to a standard GB/T1043.1-2008, and judging the impact resistance of the sample; carrying out a Vicat softening temperature test on the sample by referring to the standard GB/T1633-2000, and judging the high temperature resistance of the sample; referring to UL-94 flame retardant grade standard, a vertical burning test is carried out on the sample, the flame retardant property of the sample is judged, and the specific detection result is shown in the following table:
，
as can be seen from the above table, the samples prepared in examples 1 to 3 were at higher levels in terms of high temperature resistance, flame retardance, toughness and mechanical strength, the samples prepared in comparative example 1 were not added with the heat-resistant toughening composition, so that the toughness was poor and the high temperature resistance was poor, but the samples prepared in comparative example 4 were directly added with the unmodified polyisobutylene, and did not react with the matrix, so that the samples prepared in comparative example 2 were at poorer levels in terms of toughness, impact strength and high temperature resistance, but the samples prepared in comparative example 2 were not added with the flame-resistant reinforcing filler, so that the samples prepared in comparative example 3 were at better levels in terms of high temperature resistance and toughness, and were not added with the heat-resistant toughening composition, so that the samples prepared in comparative example 3 were not added with the heat-resistant toughening composition, and were at worse levels in terms of toughness and impact strength, and the samples prepared in comparative example 4 were directly added with the unmodified polyisobutylene, and were not reacted with the matrix, so that the samples were at poorer levels in terms of toughness, impact strength and high temperature resistance, but the samples were not added with the heat-resistant composite ceramic, so that the heat-resistant composite ceramic was not agglomerated to have better thermal-resistant properties.
Fluoroplastic wires and cables are respectively prepared by adopting the outer sheath composite materials prepared in the examples 1-3, and the specific production method comprises the following steps:
(1) twisting 10 tinned copper wires with the wire diameter of 1mm to obtain a copper core, coating a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.05mm on the surface of the copper core to form an insulating layer, and twisting the copper core with the insulating layer to form a cable core;
(2) wrapping a metal aluminum foil with the thickness of 0.1mm on the surface of a cable core in a surrounding manner to form a shielding layer, so as to obtain a semi-finished cable;
(3) and (3) coating the outer sheath composite material on the surface of the semi-finished cable after melt extrusion, and cooling and solidifying to form an outer sheath layer to obtain the fluoroplastic wire and cable.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the principles of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the specific embodiments described, or similar alternatives may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the principles of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable is characterized by sequentially comprising a cable core, a shielding layer and an outer sheath layer from inside to outside; the cable core is made by coating a copper core with a polyvinyl chloride film; the shielding layer is made by coating a cable core with a metal aluminum foil; the outer sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 8-10 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 10-15 parts of heat-resistant toughening composition, 5-8 parts of reinforcing flame retardant filler, 1-3 parts of lubricant, 2-4 parts of dispersing agent, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorber and 3-5 parts of antioxidant.
2. The fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubricant is any one of stearic acid, zinc stearate, white oil; the dispersing agent is perfluoro caprylic acid; the ultraviolet absorber is any one of ultraviolet absorber UV-120 and ultraviolet absorber UV-1164; the antioxidant is any one of antioxidant 1135 and antioxidant 2246.
3. The fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable of claim 1, wherein the method of preparing the heat-resistant toughening composition comprises the steps of:
s1: placing polyisobutene in chloroform, adding formic acid and hydrogen peroxide after fully stirring, reacting for 3-5h, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove low-boiling-point substances to obtain modified polyisobutene;
s2: and (3) placing the modified polyisobutene in toluene, fully stirring, adding furfuryl alcohol and a catalyst, heating to 75-85 ℃ for reaction for 5-6h, removing the solvent by rotary evaporation, and filtering to obtain the heat-resistant toughening composition.
4. A fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the concentration of formic acid is 1-2mol/L, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 1.5-3mol/L.
5. A fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable according to claim 3, characterized in that in step S2, the catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide.
6. The fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method of the reinforcing flame retardant filler comprises the steps of:
SS1: placing the alumina-based ceramic fiber in dimethylbenzene, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15-20min, adding glycine, performing suction filtration after reflux reaction, washing, and drying to obtain a modified ceramic fiber;
SS2: placing the modified ceramic fiber in tetrahydrofuran, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20-30min, performing ice bath at 0-4 ℃, adding diethyl 2-bromoethyl phosphonate and an acid binding agent, fully stirring for 6-8h, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the reinforced flame retardant filler.
7. The fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire cable of claim 6 wherein the reflow reaction time in step SS1 is 12-18 hours.
8. The fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable of claim 6 wherein in step SS2, the acid binding agent is triethylamine.
9. A method of manufacturing a fiber reinforced fluoroplastic electric wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) Twisting 8-10 tinned copper wires with the wire diameter of 1-1.5mm to obtain a copper core, coating a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.05-0.08mm on the surface of the copper core to form an insulating layer, and twisting the copper core with the insulating layer to form a cable core;
(2) Wrapping a metal aluminum foil with the thickness of 0.1-0.15mm on the surface of a cable core in a surrounding manner to form a shielding layer, so as to obtain a semi-finished cable;
(3) Placing polytetrafluoroethylene, a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, a heat-resistant toughening composition, a reinforcing flame-retardant filler, stearic acid, a dispersing agent, an ultraviolet absorber and an antioxidant in a high-speed mixer, setting the rotating speed to be 400-500r/min, heating to 190-210 ℃ and mixing for 1-2h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an outer sheath matrix material;
(4) Placing the outer sheath matrix material into a double-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a first area of the extruder to be 200-230 ℃, the temperature of a second area of the extruder to be 180-220 ℃, the temperature of a third area of the extruder to be 170-210 ℃, the temperature of a fourth area of the extruder to be 160-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of a screw to be 200-300r/min, and carrying out melt extrusion granulation to obtain an outer sheath composite material;
(5) And (3) coating the outer sheath composite material on the surface of the semi-finished cable after melt extrusion, and cooling and solidifying to form an outer sheath layer to obtain the fluoroplastic wire and cable.
CN202410012351.8A 2024-01-04 2024-01-04 Fiber reinforced fluoroplastic wire and cable and manufacturing method thereof Active CN117524563B (en)

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