CN117521356A - Nuclear power plant cold end design optimization method - Google Patents
Nuclear power plant cold end design optimization method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant, which controls a condenser to operate in a multi-backpressure mode; performing mechanism modeling on cold end system equipment of the nuclear power plant by utilizing various data of the nuclear power plant, simulating to obtain optimal circulating water quantities under different seawater temperatures and heat exchange areas of a condenser, and determining a variable-frequency circulating water pump operation scheme according to the optimal circulating water quantities; simulating the cold end system operation of the nuclear power plant under different condenser heat exchange areas, and performing economic calculation by using a minimum annual fee method to obtain the optimal condenser heat exchange area; and performing sensitivity analysis on the formed cold end operation scheme of the nuclear power plant, comprehensively considering uncertain factors in the operation process of the nuclear power plant, analyzing the influence of the uncertain factors on the economy of the operation scheme, and screening to obtain an optimal scheme. The profit of the nuclear power plant is remarkably improved, and the market competitiveness of the nuclear power plant is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear reactor control, and particularly relates to a cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant.
Background
The power generation costs of the nuclear power unit are related to both the primary loop and the auxiliary equipment in the secondary loop. The lower the outlet pressure of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is, the higher the thermal efficiency of the Rankine cycle is, the power of the generator can be improved under the condition that the power of the nuclear reactor is unchanged, so that the economical efficiency of the power plant is improved, the profit of the nuclear power plant can be effectively improved under the condition that the operation of a nuclear power primary loop is not influenced by the optimization of the cold end system of the nuclear power plant, and the method has important significance for enhancing the market competitiveness of the nuclear power plant. The performance and the operation scheme of the circulating water pump and the condenser are important factors influencing the power generation efficiency of the nuclear power unit, and the operation efficiency of the nuclear power unit can be effectively optimized, the operation cost of the nuclear power plant is reduced, and the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency increase are achieved by adjusting the power of the circulating water pump or changing the number of the circulating water pumps operated. In addition, the connection mode and the heat exchange area of the condenser can be changed, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser is improved, the power of the steam turbine generator is further increased, and the income of a nuclear power plant is improved.
Therefore, a cold end optimization method is necessary to improve the power generation capacity of the nuclear power plant on the premise of ensuring the safety of the nuclear power plant, and the maximum economic benefit is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant for solving the technical problem that the operation efficiency of a cold end system of the nuclear power plant is low and the profit of the nuclear power plant is influenced aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:
the condenser is modified to operate in a multi-back pressure mode; performing mechanism modeling on cold end system equipment of the nuclear power plant by utilizing various data of the nuclear power plant, simulating to obtain optimal circulating water quantities under different seawater temperatures and heat exchange areas of a condenser, and determining a variable-frequency circulating water pump operation scheme according to the optimal circulating water quantities; simulating the cold end system operation of the nuclear power plant under different condenser heat exchange areas, and performing economic calculation by using a minimum annual fee method to obtain the optimal condenser heat exchange area; and performing sensitivity analysis on the formed cold end operation scheme of the nuclear power plant, comprehensively considering uncertain factors in the operation process of the nuclear power plant, analyzing the influence of the uncertain factors on the economy of the operation scheme, and screening to obtain an optimal scheme.
Specifically, the condensers are connected in series.
Specifically, the operation scheme of the variable-frequency circulating water pump specifically comprises the following steps:
the real-time operation parameters of the unit are collected, and the rotation speed of the variable-frequency circulating water pump is changed by adjusting the frequency, so that the circulating water quantity is adjusted to be the optimal circulating water quantity.
Specifically, the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased, and the net annual total power increment of the nuclear power plant under different heat exchange areas of the condenser is simulated by using a cold end system model of the nuclear power plant.
Further, when the cold end of the newly built nuclear power plant is optimized, the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased; for the nuclear power plant, the heat exchange area of the condenser is not changed.
Specifically, the minimum annual fee method is as follows:
the cost of the equal amount reimbursement in the last year of the service life is converted into the cost of the equal amount reimbursement in the last year of the service life by combining investment and production cost and time factor, and the scheme annual cost is obtained by adding the annual operation cost.
Further, the scheme with the least annual cost is taken as the optimal economic scheme.
Specifically, the sensitivity analysis is specifically:
and carrying out modeling simulation on the condition that the sensitivity factor fluctuates within a certain fluctuation range, and calculating the profit of the nuclear power plant.
Further, the sensitivity factors include: sea water temperature, tax-free internet electricity price, condenser unit area price and annual utilization hours.
Further, the sensitivity factor ranges from-10% to +10%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the cold end design optimization method of the nuclear power plant can effectively optimize the operation efficiency of a nuclear power unit under the condition that the normal operation of a nuclear reactor core is not affected, reduce the operation cost of the nuclear power plant, increase the power generation amount of the nuclear power plant and achieve the aims of cost reduction and efficiency enhancement.
Further, the steam cooling performance is more uniform, and the heat transfer performance is higher. The heat exchange efficiency of the condenser can be improved and the generated energy of the nuclear power plant can be increased under the condition of lower reconstruction cost.
Furthermore, a variable-frequency circulating water pump is adopted, real-time operation parameters of the unit are collected, and the rotating speed of the variable-frequency circulating water pump is changed by adjusting the frequency, so that the circulating water quantity is adjusted to be the optimal circulating water quantity. The improvement can reduce the running energy consumption of the circulating water pump, improve the capacity of the cold end system for coping with the temperature change of the seawater, and reduce the risk of affecting the running life of the water pump due to frequent start and stop of the water pump.
Furthermore, a variable-frequency circulating water pump is adopted, real-time operation parameters of the unit are collected, and the rotating speed of the variable-frequency circulating water pump is changed by adjusting the frequency, so that the circulating water quantity is adjusted to be the optimal circulating water quantity. The improvement can reduce the running energy consumption of the circulating water pump, improve the capacity of the cold end system for coping with the temperature change of the seawater, and reduce the risk of affecting the running life of the water pump due to frequent start and stop of the water pump.
Furthermore, the net annual total power increment of the nuclear power plant under different heat exchange areas of the condenser is calculated by adopting a simulation program, and the annual profit of the nuclear power plant transformation is calculated by using a national minimum annual fee method. The larger the heat exchange area of the condenser is, the larger the net annual total power increment is. However, the cost of the condenser is higher, the heat exchange area of the condenser is improved greatly, the improvement cost and the return after improvement are required to be balanced in the design process, and the profit of the nuclear power plant is maximized. When the cold end of the newly built nuclear power plant is optimized, the heat exchange area of the condenser can be properly increased to improve the heat exchange efficiency; for a nuclear power plant, the heat exchange area of the condenser is not changed due to shorter operation period, higher requirements on the transformation profit margin and higher transformation cost of the condenser.
Furthermore, aiming at the problem that the uncertainty factors in the operation process of the nuclear power plant influence the economy of the operation scheme, the sensitivity analysis is carried out on the cold end optimization scheme, and some important but uncertainty factors are calculated within a certain variation range. The selected sensitivity factors include: sea water temperature, tax-free internet electricity price, condenser unit area price and annual utilization hours.
In conclusion, the cold-end system operation cost of the nuclear power plant can be remarkably reduced, the power generation capacity of the nuclear power plant is increased, the profit of the nuclear power plant is improved, and the market competitiveness of the nuclear power plant is enhanced.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a single back pressure and multiple back pressure condenser operating scheme, wherein (a) is a flow chart of a single back pressure condenser scheme, and (b) is a flow chart of a multiple back pressure condenser scheme;
FIG. 2 is a net annual total power increase of a nuclear power plant at different condenser heat transfer areas;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In the present invention, the character "/" generally indicates that the front and rear related objects are an or relationship.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe the preset ranges, etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one preset range from another. For example, a first preset range may also be referred to as a second preset range, and similarly, a second preset range may also be referred to as a first preset range without departing from the scope of embodiments of the present invention.
Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "at … …" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to detection". Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected (stated condition or event)" may be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to determination" or "when detected (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detection (stated condition or event), depending on the context.
Various structural schematic diagrams according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated for clarity of presentation and may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions, layers and their relative sizes, positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, may in practice deviate due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and one skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions as actually required.
The invention provides a cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant, which is characterized in that a condenser and a circulating water pump in a cold end system of the nuclear power plant are modified, and the circulating water quantity can be adjusted to reduce the power consumption of the circulating water pump by modifying the original constant-speed circulating water pump of the nuclear power plant into a variable-frequency water pump capable of changing circulating water flow; the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased to reduce the end difference of the condenser; the traditional parallel connection mode of the condenser of the nuclear power plant is changed into serial connection so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser; establishing different cold end optimization schemes of the nuclear power plant for the newly built nuclear power plant and the nuclear power plant in the nuclear power plant; compared with the traditional cold end system of the nuclear power plant, the control system can adjust the circulating water flow in real time according to the temperature of the seawater, so that the optimized cold end system operates more flexibly, the capability of coping with the temperature change of the seawater is stronger, the efficiency of the steam turbine is higher, and the operation mode of the cold end system is more economical.
The invention discloses a cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, modifying the connection mode of the condensers into series connection so that the condensers operate in a multi-back pressure mode;
please refer to fig. 1, which shows a flow of a single back pressure and multi-back pressure condenser operation scheme, when the nuclear reactor power is the same, the circulating water Wen Sheng t of the multi-back pressure condenser is the same as the single back pressure condenser with the same total heat exchange area of the condenser, but the end difference of the multi-back pressure condenser is lower, so that the average steam temperature in the multi-back pressure condenser is lower than that of the single back pressure condenser, and the heat exchange capacity is stronger. The traditional single back pressure condenser of the nuclear power plant is transformed into the multi back pressure condenser, so that the efficiency of the steam turbine generator can be effectively enhanced, and the profit of the nuclear power plant is improved.
The nuclear power turbine is provided with two or more low-pressure cylinders, each low-pressure cylinder is provided with two steam outlets, each steam outlet or each pair of steam outlets is connected with a shell of a condenser, each shell is not communicated with each other, and each steam outlet or each pair of steam outlets has respective back pressure, so that the multi-back pressure operation of the turbine is formed. The multi-backpressure operation of the steam turbine is realized through the condensers, circulating water can sequentially flow through cooling pipes of different condensers through changing the connection mode of the condensers, and each condenser originally connected in parallel is in series operation, namely the existing single backpressure condenser of the nuclear power plant is transformed into the multi-backpressure condenser, the pressure formed by the first shell through which the cooling water flows is lowest, then the pressure is sequentially increased, and the pressure of the shell through which the cooling water finally flows is highest, so that the multi-backpressure operation condenser is realized. Compared with the Shan Beiya condenser, the multi-backpressure condenser has the advantages of being more uniform in steam cooling performance, higher in heat transfer performance and the like.
S2, performing mechanism modeling on each device of a cold end system of the nuclear power plant by utilizing each item of data of the nuclear power plant, and simulating to obtain the optimal circulating water quantity under different sea water temperatures and heat exchange areas of the condenser so as to formulate a variable-frequency circulating water pump operation scheme;
at present, a circulating water pump adopted in a nuclear power plant is generally a constant-speed pump, and can only operate at a fixed rotating speed, and the nuclear power plant can only adjust the circulating water flow to a plurality of fixed values by changing the number of the circulating water pumps which operate simultaneously. The operation scheme has the defects of high power consumption, inflexible operation mode, manual judgment and the like, and in addition, the operation life of the water pump can be reduced due to frequent starting and stopping of the circulating water pump, and potential safety hazards are brought to other equipment in the unit. An automatic frequency converter is additionally arranged, the circulating water pump is transformed into a variable-frequency circulating water pump so as to continuously adjust the circulating water quantity, the power consumption of the water pump during low-speed running is reduced, and the running cost of the nuclear power plant is reduced.
By modeling and simulating a cold end system of a nuclear power plant, calculating the relation between the electric power micro-increment and the circulating water quantity at different sea water temperatures, obtaining the circulating water quantity with the largest electric power micro-increment at each sea water temperature, namely the optimal circulating water quantity, and obtaining the optimal running scheme of the circulating water pump after finishing. The real-time operation parameters of the unit are acquired by utilizing the existing measurement points such as the temperature, the flow and the like of the circulating water in the nuclear power plant, and the rotation speed of the circulating water pump is changed by adjusting the frequency, so that the automatic adjustment of the circulating water quantity is realized.
The optimized circulating water pump not only consumes lower energy, but also can flexibly adjust the circulating water quantity according to the real-time seawater temperature, thereby increasing the net power generation amount of the nuclear power plant; when the temperature of the seawater changes, the water pump does not need to be started and stopped frequently, and the service life of the water pump is prolonged.
In conclusion, the operation profit of the nuclear power plant can be effectively improved by modifying the constant-speed circulating water pump into the variable-frequency circulating water pump.
S3, simulating the cold end system operation of the nuclear power plant under different heat exchange areas of the condensers by utilizing the condensers operated in the mode of multiple back pressures in the step S1 and the variable-frequency circulating water pump operation scheme obtained in the step S2, and carrying out economic calculation by utilizing a minimum annual fee method to finally obtain the optimal heat exchange area of the condensers and form a final cold end optimization scheme;
the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased, the end difference of the condenser can be reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser is improved, so that the saturated steam temperature in the condenser is reduced, and the aim of improving the efficiency of the steam turbine is finally achieved. The net annual total power increase of the nuclear power plant under different heat exchange areas of the condensers is simulated by using the established cold end system model of the nuclear power plant, and the simulation result is shown in figure 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the larger the heat exchange area of the condenser is, the larger the annual total power net increment is; however, the cost of the condenser is higher, the heat exchange area of the condenser is improved greatly, the improvement cost and the return after improvement are required to be balanced in the design process, and the profit of the nuclear power plant is maximized.
The method combines two factors of investment and production cost, calculates by combining time factors, considers the complex factor of capital investment of each scheme, converts the complex factor into the equal repayment cost of the annual end of the service life, adds the equal repayment cost with annual operation cost to obtain the scheme annual cost, and has the minimum scheme annual cost as the scheme with optimal economy.
The calculation result shows that when the cold end of the newly built nuclear power plant is optimized, the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the safety, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; for a nuclear power plant, the heat exchange area of a condenser of the nuclear power plant is not required to be modified.
And S4, performing sensitivity analysis on the cold end operation scheme of the nuclear power plant formed in the step S3, comprehensively considering uncertain factors in the operation process of the nuclear power plant, analyzing the influence of the uncertain factors on the economy of the operation scheme, and screening to obtain an optimal scheme.
In the design process of the nuclear power plant, uncertain factors in the operation process of the nuclear power plant are comprehensively considered, the influence of the uncertain factors on the economy of the operation scheme is analyzed, and the optimal scheme is obtained through screening.
The sensitivity analysis is to calculate some important but uncertain factors within a certain range of variation, and the selected sensitivity factors comprise: sea water temperature, tax-free internet electricity price, condenser unit area price and annual utilization hours.
Modeling simulation is carried out on the condition that the selected sensitivity factors fluctuate by-10% to +10%, the profit of the nuclear power plant is calculated, and the capacity of the cold end optimization scheme for coping with uncertain factors in the operation process is verified.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a terminal device is provided, the terminal device including a processor and a memory, the memory for storing a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, the processor for executing the program instructions stored by the computer storage medium. The processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processor, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, etc., which are the computational core and control core of the terminal adapted to implement one or more instructions, in particular to load and execute one or more instructions to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding functions; the processor provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for the operation of a cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant, and comprises the following steps:
the condenser is controlled to operate in a multi-back pressure mode; performing mechanism modeling on cold end system equipment of the nuclear power plant by utilizing various data of the nuclear power plant, simulating to obtain optimal circulating water quantities under different seawater temperatures and heat exchange areas of a condenser, and determining a variable-frequency circulating water pump operation scheme according to the optimal circulating water quantities; simulating the cold end system operation of the nuclear power plant under different condenser heat exchange areas, and performing economic calculation by using a minimum annual fee method to obtain the optimal condenser heat exchange area; and performing sensitivity analysis on the formed cold end operation scheme of the nuclear power plant, comprehensively considering uncertain factors in the operation process of the nuclear power plant, analyzing the influence of the uncertain factors on the economy of the operation scheme, and screening to obtain an optimal scheme.
Referring to fig. 3, the terminal device is a computer device, and the computer device 60 of this embodiment includes: a processor 61, a memory 62, and a computer program 63 stored in the memory 62 and executable on the processor 61, the computer program 63 when executed by the processor 61 implements the reservoir inversion wellbore fluid composition calculation method of the embodiment, and is not described in detail herein to avoid repetition. Alternatively, the computer program 63, when executed by the processor 61, performs the functions of each model/unit in the cold-end design optimization system of the nuclear power plant of the embodiment, and is not described herein in detail for the sake of avoiding repetition.
The computer device 60 may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm top computer, a cloud server, or the like. Computer device 60 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 61, a memory 62. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that fig. 3 is merely an example of a computer device 60 and is not intended to limit the computer device 60, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or different components, e.g., a computer device may also include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The processor 61 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory 62 may be an internal storage unit of the computer device 60, such as a hard disk or memory of the computer device 60. The memory 62 may also be an external storage device of the computer device 60, such as a plug-in hard disk provided on the computer device 60, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), or the like.
Further, the memory 62 may also include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the computer device 60. The memory 62 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the computer device. The memory 62 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
Referring to fig. 4, the terminal device is a chip, and the chip 600 of this embodiment includes a processor 622, which may be one or more in number, and a memory 632 for storing a computer program executable by the processor 622. The computer program stored in memory 632 may include one or more modules each corresponding to a set of instructions. Further, the processor 622 may be configured to execute the computer program to perform the cold end design optimization method of the nuclear power plant described above.
In addition, chip 600 may further include a power supply component 626 and a communication component 650, where power supply component 626 may be configured to perform power management of chip 600, and communication component 650 may be configured to enable communication of chip 600, e.g., wired or wireless communication. In addition, the chip 600 may also include an input/output (I/O) interface 658. Chip 600 may operate based on an operating system stored in memory 632.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also provides a storage medium, in particular, a computer readable storage medium (Memory), which is a Memory device in a terminal device, for storing programs and data. It will be appreciated that the computer readable storage medium herein may include both a built-in storage medium in the terminal device and an extended storage medium supported by the terminal device. The computer-readable storage medium provides a storage space storing an operating system of the terminal. Also stored in the memory space are one or more instructions, which may be one or more computer programs (including program code), adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor. The computer readable storage medium may be a high-speed RAM Memory or a Non-Volatile Memory (Non-Volatile Memory), such as at least one magnetic disk Memory.
One or more instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium may be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the corresponding steps of the method for optimizing cold end design of a nuclear power plant in the above embodiments; one or more instructions in a computer-readable storage medium are loaded by a processor and perform the steps of:
the condenser is controlled to operate in a multi-back pressure mode; performing mechanism modeling on cold end system equipment of the nuclear power plant by utilizing various data of the nuclear power plant, simulating to obtain optimal circulating water quantities under different seawater temperatures and heat exchange areas of a condenser, and determining a variable-frequency circulating water pump operation scheme according to the optimal circulating water quantities; simulating the cold end system operation of the nuclear power plant under different condenser heat exchange areas, and performing economic calculation by using a minimum annual fee method to obtain the optimal condenser heat exchange area; and performing sensitivity analysis on the formed cold end operation scheme of the nuclear power plant, comprehensively considering uncertain factors in the operation process of the nuclear power plant, analyzing the influence of the uncertain factors on the economy of the operation scheme, and screening to obtain an optimal scheme.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Table 1 shows the top 10 calculations of the minimum annual total cost for a new nuclear plant retrofit.
TABLE 1 Cold end optimization results for newly built Nuclear Power plant
As can be seen from Table 1, the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased to 90000m by adopting the double back pressure condenser 2 The scheme for carrying out frequency conversion transformation on the circulating water pump has the lowest total annual cost and is an optimal cold end optimization scheme. Therefore, the newly built nuclear power plant can reduce the running cost of the nuclear power plant and increase the profit of the nuclear power plant by changing the connection mode of the condenser, increasing the heat exchange area of the condenser and modifying the circulating water pump.
Table 2 shows the top 10 calculations of the minimum annual total cost for a nuclear plant operating for 20 years.
Table 2 cold end optimization results for 20 years of nuclear power plant operation
As can be seen from table 2, the scheme adopting the double back pressure condensers without changing the heat exchange area of the condensers and performing variable frequency transformation on the circulating water pump has the lowest total annual cost, and is an optimal cold end optimization scheme. Therefore, only the connection mode of the condenser is recommended to be changed in the nuclear power plant, the circulating water pump is not recommended to be changed, the heat exchange area of the condenser is not recommended to be changed, the improvement cost is avoided, and the profit of the nuclear power plant is prevented from being influenced.
Therefore, compared with the traditional cold end system of the nuclear power plant, the cold end system of the nuclear power plant can remarkably improve the profit of the nuclear power plant and enhance the market competitiveness of the nuclear power plant. The variable frequency pump is adopted as the circulating water pump, a set of method for calculating the optimal circulating water quantity is designed, the energy consumption of the circulating water pump is reduced, and the capacity of the cold end system of the nuclear power plant for coping with the temperature change of the seawater is improved; the traditional connection mode of the condenser is changed, so that the condenser is connected in series to operate in a multi-back pressure mode, and the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser is enhanced; and adjusting the heat exchange area according to the actual condition of the nuclear power plant, and increasing the power generation capacity of the nuclear power plant.
In summary, the cold end design optimization method of the nuclear power plant effectively reduces the energy consumption of the cold end system of the nuclear power plant and improves the heat exchange efficiency of the cold end system of the nuclear power plant, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the running cost of the nuclear power plant, improving the profit of the nuclear power plant and enhancing the market competitiveness of the nuclear power plant.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions. The functional units and modules in the embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware or a form of a software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and in part, not described or illustrated in any particular embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/terminal and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus/terminal embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the present invention may implement all or part of the flow of the method of the above embodiment, or may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program may implement the steps of each of the method embodiments described above. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code which may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form etc. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random-Access Memory (RAM), an electrical carrier wave signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, etc., it should be noted that the content of the computer readable medium may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, such as in some jurisdictions, according to the legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier wave signals and telecommunications signals.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The cold end design optimization method of the nuclear power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the condenser is modified to operate in a multi-back pressure mode; performing mechanism modeling on cold end system equipment of the nuclear power plant by utilizing various data of the nuclear power plant, simulating to obtain optimal circulating water quantities under different seawater temperatures and heat exchange areas of a condenser, and determining a variable-frequency circulating water pump operation scheme according to the optimal circulating water quantities; simulating the cold end system operation of the nuclear power plant under different condenser heat exchange areas, and performing economic calculation by using a minimum annual fee method to obtain the optimal condenser heat exchange area; and performing sensitivity analysis on the formed cold end operation scheme of the nuclear power plant, comprehensively considering uncertain factors in the operation process of the nuclear power plant, analyzing the influence of the uncertain factors on the economy of the operation scheme, and screening to obtain an optimal scheme.
2. The method for optimizing cold end design of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein condensers are connected in series.
3. The cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the operation scheme of the variable-frequency circulating water pump is specifically as follows:
the real-time operation parameters of the unit are collected, and the rotation speed of the variable-frequency circulating water pump is changed by adjusting the frequency, so that the circulating water quantity is adjusted to be the optimal circulating water quantity.
4. The nuclear power plant cold end design optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange area of the condenser is increased, and the nuclear power plant annual total power net increase under different heat exchange areas of the condenser is simulated by using a cold end system model of the nuclear power plant.
5. The cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant according to claim 4, wherein when cold end optimization is performed on a newly built nuclear power plant, the heat exchange area of a condenser is increased; for the nuclear power plant, the heat exchange area of the condenser is not changed.
6. The nuclear power plant cold end design optimization method of claim 1, wherein the minimum annual fee method is specifically:
the cost of the equal amount reimbursement in the last year of the service life is converted into the cost of the equal amount reimbursement in the last year of the service life by combining investment and production cost and time factor, and the scheme annual cost is obtained by adding the annual operation cost.
7. The method for optimizing cold end design of a nuclear power plant according to claim 6, wherein the scheme with the least annual cost is taken as the optimal economic scheme.
8. The cold end design optimization method of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the sensitivity analysis is specifically:
and carrying out modeling simulation on the condition that the sensitivity factor fluctuates within a certain fluctuation range, and calculating the profit of the nuclear power plant.
9. The nuclear power plant cold end design optimization method of claim 8, wherein the sensitivity factor comprises: sea water temperature, tax-free internet electricity price, condenser unit area price and annual utilization hours.
10. The method of optimizing cold end design of a nuclear power plant according to claim 8, wherein the sensitivity factor ranges from-10% to +10%.
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