CN117521233B - Building engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirement and building method - Google Patents
Building engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirement and building method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of office automation, and discloses a house construction engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirements and a construction method, which aim at the unique characteristics of a BIM model. Aiming at the characteristic that BIM has low requirements on the beautiful picture: disabling transparency and replacing both transparent and semitransparent members with opaque members of the same size, and observing and judging the position of the internal member in a manner that no transparent member is required, so that no transparent effect is required to be considered in graphic rendering; meanwhile, the models are all entities, and the graphic calculation force is greatly saved at the cost of a small amount of appearance loss. Aiming at the characteristic that BIM model does not have random generation: only the internal components to be observed are reserved, and the internal components are not built at the beginning, so that the number of models in a scene is remarkably reduced; at the same time, a few model numbers are used for inquiring the corresponding component attributes in the document, rather than directly writing the information into the component, thereby further saving graphic calculation force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of office automation, in particular to a digital template library of building engineering with low graphic performance requirements and a building method.
Background
In the aspect of house construction engineering technology, domestic construction units are changed from national and collective systems to social systems, the characteristics of uneven culture level, great professional skill difference and great fluidity of practitioners are increasingly obvious, and the application of new materials, new technology and new equipment, the enlargement and the complexity of house construction engineering projects and the irreversibility of the process are accelerated to promote the implementation of template approach. The "opinion about the strengthening quality management work of construction enterprises" by the living building department, the "build supervision No. 753" issued in 1995 explicitly mentions the development of template engineering guiding activities for the first time, and the "build market" No. 2014 "92" several opinions about the development and reform of the advanced construction industry explicitly states that the template guiding system is to be fully developed.
As BIM technology continues to develop in the building engineering industry, the concept of virtual template display is increasingly being mentioned. Other forms of virtual template display in the engineering construction industry are mostly BIM modeling+VR technology, BIM modeling+animation demonstration modes, and access to engineering digital template libraries on mobile phones or computers is allowed by means of a mature BIM cloud platform.
However, building BIM models tend to be very large and complex, requiring strong graphic capabilities for smooth browsing. Even though the BIM cloud platform usually performs light weight processing on the model to reduce the graphics performance requirement, the graphics performance required by the model is still higher when the model is larger and complex, and the computer with the stronger independent graphics card can meet the requirement, but has lower popularization rate and inconvenient carrying. The graphics equipment of the mobile terminal obviously is difficult to meet the graphics performance requirement, and the graphics performance of the mobile phone display card with the strongest at present is only on the computer nuclear display level, so that only a relatively simple BIM model can be browsed on the mobile phone, and the development of a digital template library is restricted.
Unlike three-dimensional models in games, BIM models have their unique features. Firstly, building a BIM model by technicians, wherein the situation of randomly generating scenes in a game does not exist; and secondly, the BIM model does not need to be looked good. The existing BIM model light weight means is performed by taking reference to the thought of game optimization, such as reducing the model surface number, combining similar models, reducing rendering precision when being pulled far, and the like.
There are a small number of transparent/translucent elements, such as glass and water, in a building scene, and there are things that need to be displayed with translucent elements, such as the need to view an inner element somewhere while knowing its positional relationship with an outer element, at which time the outer element that obscures it needs to be made translucent. While transparency effects (including translucency) are achieved by consuming a lot of graphics performance, transparency requires consideration of the depth of the graphics and the blending of the graphics. Even if only a small number of models in the whole scene need to show transparent effects, all graphics (including opaque graphics, with transparency of 0) need to be calculated in one pass, because the transparency attribute is global, and only a certain model cannot be turned on. Similarly, if there are multiple different models (wire frames, point clouds, surfaces, entities) in a scene, there are also some global attributes that apply to the entire scene and affect graphics performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a house construction engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirements and a construction method.
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: BIM model is often huge and complicated, and even after light, higher graphic performance is required, and current mobile phone graphic card graphic performance is lower, has restricted the development of digital template storehouse.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a house construction engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirements comprises a construction process technical scheme document, a construction drawing, a three-dimensional model of a template house after construction completion and a client webpage or APP for accessing a server, wherein the construction process technical scheme document and the construction drawing are stored in a BIM cloud platform server;
the three-dimensional model consists of three-dimensional geometric data which are stripped from non-geometric data and subjected to light weight processing, the three-dimensional geometric data are downloaded into the memory of a computer or mobile equipment of the client from the BIM cloud platform server by means of a WEB browser or APP, and the memory and a display card of the computer or mobile equipment of the client are called to be rendered and displayed on a screen in real time for operation of a user.
Further, the transparency of the rendering scene of the three-dimensional model is disabled, transparent and semitransparent components in the three-dimensional model are replaced by opaque components with the same size, and all the components in the three-dimensional model are solid models;
at the client, the invisible components inside the building in the three-dimensional model of the sample house are shown by using the model units with triggers, and the concrete steps are as follows:
according to the requirements of a construction process, selecting a representative position in invisible components in a building and marking the representative position as an internal representative component, opening an observation window on a shelter outside the internal representative component, and filling a filling model matched with the observation window and a reference model for displaying the relative positions of the invisible components in the building and the shelter in the observation window; the filling model is a part cut from the three-dimensional model of the sample house when the observation window is formed, the filling model is provided with a mark for a user to identify the position of the filling model, the reference model is a cage-shaped solid model formed by converting the solid model into a wire frame model and then replacing lines in the wire frame model with solid rods, and the filling model and the reference model are mutually overlapped and arranged at the same position;
the filling model is provided with the following triggers: after the filling model is clicked for a specific number of times, hiding the filling model and displaying the reference model;
the reference model has the following triggers: hiding the reference model in the rendering result of the three-dimensional model, and hiding the reference model and displaying the filling model after the reference model is clicked for a specific number of times.
Further, in the three-dimensional model of the templated house, the invisible components inside the building remain only in the portion located inside the viewing window.
Further, the three-dimensional model of the template house is a simplified model after topology face subtraction.
Further, the template library comprises templates of a framework structure system building, templates of a shear wall structure system building, templates of a framework shear wall structure system building, templates of a hybrid structure system building, templates of a cylinder structure system building and templates of a frame support structure system building.
Further, the construction process technical scheme document comprises a construction organization scheme, a construction process flow and notice, a key process instruction, a material instruction, an equipment instruction and a tool application instruction; the method also comprises cited rules, specifications and standard bases;
the three-dimensional model is built by adopting Revit, and a 720-degree omnibearing observation turntable and a button for measuring distance measurement are arranged in a model window;
the client-side webpage is also provided with a button for generating a two-dimensional code by linking the webpage.
Further, the components in the three-dimensional model comprise steel bars, templates, concrete, plates, supports and pipelines, each component is provided with a number, each component positioned at a connecting node is provided with a separate number, each component not positioned at the connecting node is provided with a number, and the components of each specification share one number;
each number corresponds to a group of parameter information, the parameter information comprises the specification, the material and the installation information of the components, the parameter information of the components positioned at the node also comprises elevation and connection requirement information, the parameter information is displayed on a parameter interface, and the calling mode of the parameter interface is as follows: clicking the attribute button after clicking the component needing to be queried for the parameters for a specific time or selecting the component needing to be queried for the parameters, and calling out the parameter interface.
The building method of the building engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirement is used for manufacturing the building engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirement, and comprises the following steps:
step one: writing a construction process technical scheme document and drawing a construction drawing;
step two: drawing models of all components of a three-dimensional model of a sample house, carrying out topology face reduction on the models of the components respectively, and building the three-dimensional model of the sample house after construction by using the models of the components subjected to topology face reduction, wherein in the process of building the three-dimensional model, all invisible components in a building are omitted except the part positioned in an observation window;
step three: stripping non-geometric data from the three-dimensional model and carrying out light weight treatment;
step four: customizing a BIM cloud platform according to the requirements of functional writing products to be realized;
step five: uploading a construction process technical scheme document, a construction drawing and a three-dimensional model of a template room after construction is completed to a BIM cloud platform server, and writing a trigger and a parameter document of a component in the three-dimensional model;
step six: the template library is accessed on a client web page or APP.
Compared with the prior art, the house construction engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirement and the construction method have the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, the BIM model is considered to have low requirements on the beautiful picture and no random generation, and is subjected to targeted optimization:
the requirements on the beautiful picture are low:
disabling transparency and replacing both transparent and semitransparent members with opaque members of the same size, and observing and judging the position of the internal member in a manner that no transparent member is required, so that no transparent effect is required to be considered in graphic rendering; meanwhile, all models are solid models, and the graphic calculation force is greatly saved at the cost of a small amount of appearance loss;
there is no random generation:
only the internal components to be observed are reserved, and the internal components are not built at the beginning, so that the number of models in a scene is remarkably reduced; at the same time, a few model numbers are used for inquiring the corresponding component attributes in the document, rather than directly writing the information into the component, thereby further saving graphic calculation force.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for building a digital template library for building with low graphics performance requirements in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the internal representation member being obscured from view after model rendering is completed, with the top being the exterior and the bottom being the same;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal representation member, after the trigger of the filling model is triggered, being externally observable through the viewing window and being known relative to the obstruction by means of the reference model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the filling model and the reference model after they are removed from the viewing window;
in the figure, 1-interior represents the structure, 2-obstruction, 3-viewing window, 4-fill model, 5-reference model.
Detailed Description
Taking BIM technology and application research of a digital template library of cloud platform as an example, the invention is described in the research topic of China building traffic construction group Inc., the BIM platform adopted in the embodiment is sample CCBIM.
A house construction engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirements comprises a construction process technical scheme document, a construction drawing, a three-dimensional model of a template house after construction completion and a client webpage or APP for accessing a server, wherein the construction process technical scheme document and the construction drawing are stored in a BIM cloud platform server;
the three-dimensional model consists of three-dimensional geometric data which are stripped from non-geometric data and subjected to light weight processing, the three-dimensional geometric data are downloaded into the memory of a computer or mobile equipment of the client from the BIM cloud platform server by means of a WEB browser or APP, and the memory and a display card of the computer or mobile equipment of the client are called to be rendered and displayed on a screen in real time for operation of a user.
The BIM platform in the embodiment is customized, and some optimization proposed by the subject is added. These optimizations are submitted to the software company in the form of product requirements, which are then made into client web pages and server-side accessories.
The rendering scene of the three-dimensional model is forbidden in transparency, transparent and semitransparent components in the three-dimensional model are replaced by opaque components with the same size, and all the components in the three-dimensional model are solid models;
the transparent member in this embodiment is water, where the water is replaced entirely by a green opaque substance. If glass, a green solid grid may be substituted to facilitate viewing the building interior from the glass location.
At the client, the invisible components inside the building in the three-dimensional model of the sample house are shown by using the model units with triggers, and the concrete steps are as follows:
as shown in fig. 2-4, according to the requirements of the construction process, selecting a representative position in invisible components in the building and marking the position as an inner representative component 1, opening an observation window 3 on a shelter 2 outside the inner representative component 1, filling a filling model 4 matched with the observation window 3 in the observation window 3, and a reference model 5 for displaying the relative positions of the invisible components in the building and the shelter 2; the filling model 4 is a part cut out from the three-dimensional model of the sample house when the observation window 3 is formed, the filling model 4 is provided with a mark for a user to identify the position of the filling model, the reference model 5 is a cage-shaped solid model formed by converting the solid model of the filling model 4 into a wire frame model and then replacing lines in the wire frame model with solid rods, and the filling model 4 and the reference model 5 are mutually overlapped and arranged at the same position;
the internal representative member 1 is here specified by a sample library producer. In the early days of the subject, we tried to conceal the whole of the shade 2, and as a result found that the specific positions of these internal structures were not known when viewing them, since the surrounding has no reference. The openings are selected here and some cage-like reference model 5 is retained in the mouth, so that neither the observation of the interior nor the determination of the position of these internal structures is affected. Note that the reference model 5 in fig. 3-4 is not a wire frame model, but is a cage-like solid model, although appearing very similar. In order to achieve better reference effect, a plurality of ribs on one surface of the reference model 5 can be added on the premise of not influencing the observation inside.
The filling model 4 is provided with the following triggers: after the filling model 4 is clicked a specific number of times, hiding the filling model 4 and displaying the reference model 5;
the reference model 5 has the following triggers: the reference model 5 is hidden in the three-dimensional model rendering result, and after the reference model 5 is clicked a specific number of times, the reference model 5 is hidden and the filling model 4 is displayed.
In this embodiment, the trigger conditions of the trigger are double-click, wherein a single click is selected, and a double-click is triggered, so that the trigger meets the habit of using a computer.
In the three-dimensional model of the sample house, the components not visible inside the building remain only in the portion located inside the viewing window 3. That is to say that at the beginning of the construction of the model only the inner parts located in the viewing window 3 are constructed, which parts, if any, extend outside the viewing window 3 and which parts may not be cut away.
The three-dimensional model of the template house is a simplified model after topology face subtraction. Topology subtraction is a conventional operation in model optimization and is not described in detail here. The improvement here is to form a library with topologically subtracted components and then build a model with this library. For example, the ribs of the ribbed bar in this embodiment are patterned rather than raised on the form.
The template library comprises templates of a framework structure system building, templates of a shear wall structure system building, templates of a framework shear wall structure system building, templates of a mixed structure system building, templates of a cylinder structure system building and templates of a frame support structure system building. This encompasses several common forms of construction.
The construction process technical scheme document comprises a construction organization scheme, a construction process flow and notice, a key process instruction book, a material instruction book, an equipment instruction book and a tool application instruction book; the method also comprises cited rules, specifications and standard bases;
the three-dimensional model is built by Revit, and a 720-degree omnibearing observation turntable and a button for measuring distance measurement are arranged in a model window;
the client webpage is also provided with a button for generating a two-dimensional code by linking the webpage.
These documents, along with drawings and models, are classified on the cloud platform for users to view by themselves. The client webpage in the embodiment has good compatibility through test, can be opened on a computer, can be opened on a mobile phone browser even in a WeChat, does not need to install any software or operation library before use, and can be shared conveniently in various modes.
The components in the three-dimensional model comprise steel bars, templates, concrete, plates, supports and pipelines, each component is provided with a number, each component positioned at a connecting node is respectively provided with a separate number, the components not positioned at the connecting node are provided with a number, and the components of each specification share one number;
each number corresponds to a group of parameter information, the parameter information comprises the specification, the material and the installation information of the components, the parameter information of the components positioned at the node also comprises elevation and connection requirement information, the parameter information is displayed on a parameter interface, and the calling mode of the parameter interface is as follows: clicking the attribute button after clicking the component needing to be queried for the parameters for a specific time or selecting the component needing to be queried for the parameters, and calling out the parameter interface.
The models are built one by one instead of being randomly generated, so that the models can be numbered conveniently, and the number of the used numbers is small and the occupied system resources are small and the CPU performance is mainly occupied because the types of components used in the building construction are small, usually only tens of types are used.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for building a digital template library of a building engineering with low graphic performance requirements is used for manufacturing the digital template library of the building engineering with low graphic performance requirements, and includes the following steps:
step one: writing a construction process technical scheme document and drawing a construction drawing;
step two: drawing models of all components of a three-dimensional model of a sample house, carrying out topology face reduction on the models of the components respectively, and building the three-dimensional model of the sample house after construction by using the models of the components subjected to topology face reduction, wherein in the process of building the three-dimensional model, all invisible components in a building are omitted except the part positioned in an observation window 3;
step three: stripping non-geometric data from the three-dimensional model and carrying out light weight treatment; the existing software can be used in the step, and the full automation can be realized;
step four: customizing a BIM cloud platform according to the requirements of functional writing products to be realized;
step five: uploading a construction process technical scheme document, a construction drawing and a three-dimensional model of a template room after construction is completed to a BIM cloud platform server, and writing a trigger and a parameter document of a component in the three-dimensional model;
step six: the template library is accessed on a client web page or APP.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A house construction engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirement is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of storing a construction process technical scheme document, a construction drawing, a three-dimensional model of a template room after construction completion and a client webpage or APP for accessing a server at a BIM cloud platform server;
the three-dimensional model consists of three-dimensional geometric data which are stripped from non-geometric data and subjected to light weight processing, the three-dimensional geometric data are downloaded into the memory of a computer or mobile equipment of a client from a BIM cloud platform server by means of a WEB browser or APP, and the memory and a display card of the client computer or mobile equipment are called to be rendered and displayed on a screen in real time for a user to operate;
the transparency of the rendering scene of the three-dimensional model is disabled, transparent and semitransparent components in the three-dimensional model are replaced by opaque components with the same size, and all the components in the three-dimensional model are solid models;
at the client, the invisible components inside the building in the three-dimensional model of the sample house are shown by using the model units with triggers, and the concrete steps are as follows:
according to the requirements of a construction process, selecting a representative position in invisible components in a building and marking the representative position as an inner representative component (1), opening an observation window (3) on a shielding object (2) outside the inner representative component (1), filling a filling model (4) matched with the observation window (3) in the observation window (3), and a reference model (5) for displaying the relative positions of the invisible components in the building and the shielding object (2); the filling model (4) is a part cut from the three-dimensional model of the sample house when the observation window (3) is formed, the filling model (4) is provided with a mark for a user to identify the position of the filling model, the reference model (5) is a cage-shaped solid model formed by converting the solid model into a wire frame model and replacing a line in the wire frame model with a solid rod after the solid model is converted into the wire frame model, and the filling model (4) and the reference model (5) are mutually overlapped and arranged at the same position;
the filling model (4) has the following triggers: after the filling model (4) is clicked for a specific number of times, hiding the filling model (4) and displaying the reference model (5);
the reference model (5) has the following triggers: the reference model (5) is hidden in the three-dimensional model rendering result, and after the reference model (5) is clicked a specific number of times, the reference model (5) is hidden and the filling model (4) is displayed.
2. The digital template library of a building engineering with low graphic performance requirements of claim 1, wherein: in the three-dimensional model of the sample house, the invisible components inside the building remain only in the part located inside the viewing window (3).
3. The digital template library of a building engineering with low graphic performance requirements of claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional model of the template house is a simplified model after topology face subtraction.
4. The digital template library of a building engineering with low graphic performance requirements of claim 1, wherein: the template library comprises templates of a framework structure system building, templates of a shear wall structure system building, templates of a framework shear wall structure system building, templates of a mixed structure system building, templates of a barrel structure system building and templates of a frame support structure system building.
5. The digital template library of a building engineering with low graphic performance requirements of claim 1, wherein: the construction process technical scheme document comprises a construction organization scheme, a construction process flow and notice, a key process instruction, a material instruction, an equipment instruction and a tool application instruction; the method also comprises cited rules, specifications and standard bases;
the three-dimensional model is built by adopting Revit, and a 720-degree omnibearing observation turntable and a button for measuring distance measurement are arranged in a model window;
the client-side webpage is also provided with a button for generating a two-dimensional code by linking the webpage.
6. The digital template library of a building engineering with low graphic performance requirements of claim 1, wherein: the components in the three-dimensional model comprise steel bars, templates, concrete, plates, supports and pipelines, each component is provided with a number, each component positioned at a connecting node is respectively provided with an independent number, the components not positioned at the connecting node are not positioned in the components of the connecting node, and the components of each specification share one number;
each number corresponds to a group of parameter information, the parameter information comprises the specification, the material and the installation information of the components, the parameter information of the components positioned at the node also comprises elevation and connection requirement information, the parameter information is displayed on a parameter interface, and the calling mode of the parameter interface is as follows: clicking the attribute button after clicking the component needing to be queried for the parameters for a specific time or selecting the component needing to be queried for the parameters, and calling out the parameter interface.
7. A building method of a house construction engineering digital template library with low graphic performance requirement is characterized by comprising the following steps: a digital template library for use in building a low-graphics performance requiring building as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one: writing a construction process technical scheme document and drawing a construction drawing;
step two: drawing models of all components of a three-dimensional model of a sample house, carrying out topology face reduction on the models of the components respectively, and building the three-dimensional model of the sample house after construction by using the models of the components after topology face reduction, wherein in the process of building the three-dimensional model, all invisible components in a building are omitted except the part positioned in an observation window (3);
step three: stripping non-geometric data from the three-dimensional model and carrying out light weight treatment;
step four: customizing a BIM cloud platform according to the requirements of functional writing products to be realized;
step five: uploading a construction process technical scheme document, a construction drawing and a three-dimensional model of a template room after construction is completed to a BIM cloud platform server, and writing a trigger and a parameter document of a component in the three-dimensional model;
step six: the template library is accessed on a client web page or APP.
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