CN117521197A - Bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system and method based on GNSS and BIM - Google Patents
Bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system and method based on GNSS and BIM Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system and method based on GNSS and BIM, comprising a bridge sensor, a GNSS receiver, a wireless data acquisition system and a BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system; through wireless transmission mode, transmit the monitoring data of sensor and GNSS receiver to the PC end to handle effective data through Visual C++ development platform, adopt the Revit platform to model, carried out error judgement to the monitoring data simultaneously, improved data acquisition's precision, and provide the instruction to standard construction and swivel bridge construction under the operating mode through real-time 3D model. The bridge safety monitoring and early warning system can provide technical support for real-time and visualization of bridge safety monitoring and early warning, provide guidance for bridge construction and standardized operation, reduce workload of measuring staff in the rotating process, and reduce human calculation errors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge swivel construction safety monitoring and early warning, in particular to a bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system and method based on GNSS and BIM.
Background
Bridges play a vital role in modern infrastructure construction, and with economic construction and rapid development of infrastructure, more and more railways, highways, bridges and rail transit are being constructed. Under the condition that new roads, urban rail transit and roads need to cross special conditions such as existing railway lines, dangerous canyons or deep water areas and the like, the bridge swivel construction scheme is widely adopted. The swivel construction technology can ensure the smooth proceeding of the construction period and the normal operation of the existing railway line. And because the speed of the high-speed railway is increased, higher technical requirements are provided for bridge swivel construction crossing a high-speed railway line, and therefore, the method has important practical significance for researching and optimizing the bridge swivel construction process.
The bridge swivel is a dynamic process, in the formal swivel process, the bridge structure is in a single-point support cantilever state, and the bridge body is subjected to a plurality of external interference factors and is the most unstable stage. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the swivel, key parameters such as bridge key section stress, beam end deflection, swivel angular velocity, beam end linear velocity, swivel traction force, swivel angle and the like need to be monitored in the swivel process, if abnormal, the swivel is suspended, and after the reasons are analyzed, a decision is made as to whether the swivel is performed. Therefore, the bridge swivel construction process needs to be monitored in real time, the swivel speed of the bridge swivel is mastered in real time, and corresponding measures can be taken in time when the bridge swivel is abnormal, so that the construction quality and the structural safety are ensured.
At present, the traditional monitoring method is mostly adopted in bridge swivel construction monitoring, for example, a theodolite or a total station is adopted, a target prism is arranged at a target position, and the monitoring is carried out by adopting a cross method or a coordinate method.
Therefore, there is a need to monitor the bridge swivel construction process in real time by adopting a new method and a new technology, so as to improve the monitoring precision and the monitoring efficiency, and simultaneously, the swivel construction process can be virtually simulated by combining the BIM and the Internet of things technology, and the swivel process is predicted and simulated in multiple working conditions before the actual swivel construction operation, so as to determine reasonable rotation speed, traction force and rotation angle, and meanwhile, the dangerous situation in the construction process can be monitored and early warned, so that the system and the method for monitoring and early warning are constructed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system and method based on GNSS and BIM, which solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the system comprises a bridge sensor, a GNSS receiver, a wireless data acquisition system and a BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system;
the bridge sensor is used for collecting real-time data of stress and strain of a bridge site stress point, and parameters of a turning angular speed, turning traction, turning angle, beam end deflection and bridge body inclination angle of a bridge turning structure;
the GNSS receiver is used for acquiring initial measuring point coordinates of the bridge end part, the monitoring point and the datum point and real-time measuring point coordinates in a set monitoring time interval, and transmitting the coordinates to the wireless data acquisition system;
the wireless data acquisition system comprises a mobile signal tower, a reference station and monitoring equipment with a GPRS transmission function, wherein monitoring data are transmitted to a server, the data are converted into data formats required by an operation desk and a Revit through a C++ program, the data are distributed to a bridge swivel construction operation desk and a BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system, and real-time monitoring and early warning and intelligent control of bridge swivel construction operation are carried out according to simulation results and real-time data;
the BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system constructs a bridge swivel construction cluster library based on a Revit platform according to bridge dimensions, connection relations, construction sequences and monitoring data, constructs a standard model, performs swivel construction simulation according to different bridge dimensions and construction working conditions, displays safety grading color early warning according to bridge gestures, rotation speeds and moment distribution, and provides guidance for construction operation.
Preferably, the bridge sensor comprises an inclinometer, a strain gauge, a deflectometer, a single-point settlement meter, a static level meter, a wind speed sensor, a geological compass, a stay wire displacement meter and a GPS positioning meter, wherein the sensor is in communication connection with the mobile signal tower and the data acquisition equipment by adopting GPRS;
the bridge sensor can also provide service for bridge monitoring after the swivel construction is finished, and provides real-time monitoring data for bridge operation, detection, maintenance and scientific research.
Preferably, the GNSS receiver includes a GPS receiver, a GLONASS receiver, a GALILEO receiver, and a beidou receiver;
the reference station is used for arranging GNSS receivers out of a range 500 meters away from the bridge main body construction structure, carrying out data exchange, data calibration and differential solution with the GNSS receivers arranged on the bridge main body structure, and comparing initial measuring point coordinates to construct a GNSS data calibration mode so as to acquire real-time space position information of the bridge;
the GNSS receiver is used for obtaining the ground coordinates and time information of the bridge, performing longitudinal data calculation and analyzing key parameters of angular speed, linear speed and inclination angle in the construction process of the bridge swivel;
the GNSS receiver monitoring data are synchronized and checked with the bridge sensor, and the values of the GNSS receiver monitoring data and the bridge sensor are in an allowable error range, so that the measurement is considered to be accurate, otherwise, the error check is needed.
Preferably, the BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system comprises a modeling module, a visualization module and a monitoring and early warning platform, wherein the modeling module builds a bridge swivel construction cluster library based on the Revit platform with bridge size, connection relation, construction sequence and monitoring data, builds a bridge swivel construction standard model, and performs real-time visualization modeling by combining the monitoring data under the condition of changing the bridge size, height and tonnage. The visualization module displays the initial model information, updates in real time according to the processed data, displays the dynamic attitude information of the bridge construction process, and builds a monitoring and early warning platform by combining with the swivel construction standard.
Preferably, the monitoring and early warning platform generates early warning signals according to the rotating angular speed, rotating traction force, rotating angle, beam end deflection and bridge body inclination angle of rotating construction, sets the monitoring and early warning to be red, orange, yellow and green grades, transmits monitoring information to the control console in real time, and guides operators to adjust construction parameters.
Preferably, the security grading color pre-warning includes the following color pre-warning:
green early warning: displaying a green monitoring point to indicate that the monitoring point is in a stable and safe state, performing daily patrol management at the moment, and checking the data transmission condition and the deformation condition of BIM real-time simulation;
yellow early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed and the flat rotation angular speed are 0.008-0.012 rad/min, and the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is greater than 1.2-1.4 m/min, and the continuous jack travel difference is 0.8-0.9 mm, the monitoring system sends an orange early warning instruction to the operation table, inspects field equipment, records early warning information, and records the position, early warning type, early warning value and normal value of early warning;
orange early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed are 0.012-0.015 rad/min, the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is 1.4-1.5 m/min, the continuous jack travel difference is 0.9-1.0 mm, the monitoring system sends a yellow early warning instruction to the operation table, the field device is checked, and meanwhile early warning information is recorded, and the position, early warning type, early warning value and normal value of early warning are recorded;
red early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed are greater than 0.015 rad/min, the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is greater than 1.5 m/min, the continuous jack travel difference is greater than 1 mm, the monitoring system sends a yellow early warning instruction to the operation table to check the field device, meanwhile, the early warning information is recorded, the position, the early warning type, the early warning value and the normal value of the early warning are recorded, the field device carries the device to arrive at the field within 30 minutes after receiving the notification of the field device, and the bridge emergency repair work is immediately organized.
A bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning method based on GNSS and BIM comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting bridge swivel construction control parameters and bridge structural characteristics according to a construction design drawing, and determining the flatness of a lower turntable, the early warning value of the spatial position change speed of an upper turntable and an end part of a bridge and the final position of the bridge;
s2, constructing a bridge swivel construction cluster library according to bridge dimensions, connection relations, construction sequences and sensors, constructing a bridge swivel construction foundation model based on a Revit platform, and reserving data interfaces of the sensors and a GNSS receiver;
s3, acquiring stress-strain real-time data of a bridge site stress point, a turning angular speed, turning traction, turning angle, beam end deflection and bridge body inclination parameters of a bridge turning structure through a bridge sensor, acquiring initial measuring point coordinates of the bridge end and real-time measuring point coordinates of the bridge end in a set monitoring time interval through a GNSS receiver, and converting the initial measuring point coordinates and the real-time measuring point coordinates into a bridge space position change angular speed, a line speed and an inclination;
s4, acquiring data based on a GNSS receiver and a bridge sensor, initializing data, checking data and analyzing errors of the bridge swivel angular speed, the swivel angle, the beam end deflection and the bridge body inclination angle, and transmitting the data to a PC terminal through a wireless data acquisition and transmission system;
s5, compiling a data processing system based on a Visual C++ development platform, transmitting effective data to a Revit platform and a field operation platform, and guiding a construction control platform to dynamically adjust related parameters according to the BIM bridge swivel construction simulation process, swivel traction force and bridge body inclination angle parameters;
s6, according to the GNSS receiver and bridge sensor data, the bridge swivel construction process and the real-time spatial position change of the bridge end are visually displayed in real time through a BIM bridge swivel construction model, and according to preset bridge swivel angular speed, swivel angle, beam end deflection, bridge body inclination angle and wind speed data early warning threshold values, dangerous grades are divided into four grades of red, orange and green;
and S7, stopping turning when the bridge is turned to the final position of the bridge, and adjusting the monitoring frequency by the PC end to continuously monitor key parameters of the bridge so as to provide data for bridge operation and maintenance.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
monitoring the inclination angle and the elevation change condition of the beam end of the T-shaped beam in the bridge rotation process in real time;
monitoring vibration characteristics of a bridge body in the bridge rotation process in real time;
monitoring the inclination angle, the strain condition and the supporting leg stress of the upper turntable in the bridge swivel process in real time;
and monitoring the swivel traction force and the application speed of the reaction frame in the bridge swivel process in real time.
Preferably, step S4 comprises the following sub-steps:
s41, acquiring initial measuring point coordinates and real-time measuring point coordinates of four positions of a bridge base station, a beam end and a beam column based on a GNSS receiver, converting the initial measuring point coordinates and the real-time measuring point coordinates into a bridge inclination angle, a beam end elevation, a rotation angle and a bridge body inclination angle, and transmitting the bridge inclination angle, the beam end elevation, the rotation angle and the bridge body inclination angle to a PC end;
s42, acquiring data based on the bridge sensor, adopting GPRS to transmit the data to the PC end based on the mobile signal tower;
s43, mutually checking and initializing the GNSS receiver and the bridge sensor data, then monitoring in real time, and performing early warning and checking when the error between the GNSS receiver and the bridge sensor is larger than +/-3 mm;
s44, transmitting the effective data to a Revit platform and a console, acquiring real-time monitoring data of bridge swivel construction, updating a BIM model and guiding construction.
The invention provides a bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system and method based on GNSS and BIM, which are characterized in that monitoring data of a sensor and a GNSS receiver are transmitted to a PC end in a wireless transmission mode, effective data are processed through a Visual C++ development platform, a Revit platform is adopted for modeling, error judgment is carried out on the monitoring data, the accuracy of data acquisition is improved, and guidance is provided for standard construction and swivel bridge construction under working conditions through a real-time 3D model. The bridge safety monitoring and early warning system can provide technical support for real-time and visualization of bridge safety monitoring and early warning, provide guidance for bridge construction and standardized operation, reduce workload of measuring staff in the rotating process, and reduce human calculation errors.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring and early warning system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the monitoring and early warning system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a BIM standardized model update software architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the monitoring and early warning method of the present invention;
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system and method based on GNSS and BIM comprises a plurality of bridge sensors, a plurality of GNSS receivers, a mobile satellite, a wireless data acquisition system based on a mobile signal tower, a BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system and a bridge swivel construction operation table which are sequentially connected in a communication mode.
The bridge sensor comprises an inclinometer, a strain gauge, a deflectometer, a single-point settlement meter, a static level meter, a wind speed sensor, a geological compass, a stay wire displacement meter, a GPS positioning meter and the like, and the sensor is in communication connection with the mobile signal tower and the data acquisition equipment by adopting GPRS.
The GNSS receiver is used for acquiring initial measuring point coordinates of the bridge end part, the monitoring point and the datum point and real-time measuring point coordinates in a set monitoring time interval, and transmitting the coordinates to the data acquisition system.
The bridge real-time space position information acquisition system comprises a bridge main body construction structure, reference stations, a total of 4 GNSS receivers, a reference station, a data exchange system, a data calibration system and a differential solution system, wherein the total of 4 GNSS receivers are distributed, the reference stations are distributed at fixed points which are far away from the bridge main body construction structure and are out of the range of 500 meters, the reference stations and the GNSS receivers distributed in the bridge main body structure are subjected to data exchange, data calibration and differential solution, so that monitoring precision is improved, a GNSS data calibration mode is constructed by comparing initial measuring point coordinates, and real-time space position information of the bridge is acquired.
The wireless data acquisition system is based on a mobile signal tower, a base station and monitoring equipment with a GPRS transmission function, transmits monitoring data to the wireless data acquisition system, converts the data into data formats required by an operation desk and a Revit through a C++ program, distributes the data to the operation desk and a BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system, and carries out real-time monitoring and early warning and intelligent control on bridge swivel construction operation according to simulation results and real-time data.
The BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system constructs a bridge swivel construction cluster library based on a Revit platform according to bridge dimensions, connection relations, construction sequences and monitoring data, constructs a standard model, can simulate swivel construction according to different bridge dimensions and construction working conditions, displays safety grading color early warning according to bridge gestures, rotation speeds and moment distribution, and provides guidance for construction operation.
Example 2:
for the bridge swivel real-time monitoring system based on GNSS and BIM in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the sensing device includes an inclinometer, a strain gauge, a deflectometer, a single-point settlement gauge, a static level gauge, a wind speed sensor, a geological compass, a stay wire displacement gauge, a GPS positioning gauge, and the like.
The fixed constraint between the upper turntable and the lower turntable is released before the bridge is turned, the beam body is in a cantilever state during turning, and the beam body is contacted only by the upper spherical hinge surface and the lower spherical hinge surface, so that other constraint conditions are avoided, the bridge is in the most unfavorable state during turning, and the monitoring of the related parameters of the bridge is the key of success or failure of turning. The following parameters need to be monitored in the turning process: (1) key section stress: testing the stress of a key section of the swivel structure, and evaluating the stress state of the swivel structure; (2) beam end deflection: providing data support for swivel positioning and beam body posture adjustment, and evaluating the structural swivel safety state; (3) swivel speed: the method comprises the steps of testing the angular speed of a rotating body and the linear speed of a beam end, and ensuring that the rotating body structure is in a standard controllable range; (4) swivel angle and spatial position: the dead point caused by the inching traction is definitely ensured to be accurately positioned, and the center line of the beam meets the design requirement; (5) traction force: monitoring the change condition of traction force, analyzing and searching reasons to ensure the normal operation of the swivel traction system; (6) wind speed and direction: the swivel construction is ensured within the allowable wind power grade range, and the anti-overturning safety of the swivel is ensured. The key section stress of the beam body structure is monitored at the beam body construction stage, and other contents are monitored at the formal turning stage. The angular speed is controlled by traction equipment, and the spatial position mainly reflects the relation between the beam body rotation process and the design position.
Based on the method, the bridge swivel construction key parameters are monitored based on the GNSS receiver and the bridge sensor. The monitoring equipment is selected by comprehensively considering the principles of economy, high efficiency and high precision in the monitoring process.
Because the inclinometer equipment is simple, the reaction is sensitive, the cost is lowest, the inclinometer is selected as beam end deflection change monitoring equipment, and the beam end deflection numerical value can be calculated by measuring the vertical rotation angle of the beam body in the rotating process. The field test shows that the inclinometer has excellent anti-interference capability, can keep high-precision azimuth information when magnetic interference objects are close, has excellent dynamic performance, can ensure the dynamic measurement precision of a rotator, has vertical precision of 18', and has horizontal precision of 0.01 degrees.
The pull-wire displacement meter sensor is used for measuring linear displacement, outputting analog quantity type and digital quantity type, has standardized interfaces, is firm and durable, and is convenient to install. The field test result shows that the angle test is performed by adopting the stay wire displacement meter, the angle test is not influenced by a magnetic field, the data is stable, the performance is reliable, the precision is high, and the wireless data acquisition and transmission function is realized. Therefore, the pull-wire displacement meter is finally selected as the rotation angle monitoring device. The stay wire displacement meter can be installed by selecting a certain fixed point within the range of a swivel system 2m, and the swivel angle is calculated according to parameters such as the stay wire stroke, the diameter of an upper spherical hinge and the like during swivel. The space position of other beam bodies, the angular velocity of the rotating body and the linear velocity of the beam end can be calculated according to the angle of the rotating body.
The temperature and humidity sensor and the wind speed and direction sensor can monitor environmental data such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction of the bridge construction environment, and timely feed back to staff when extreme weather is encountered or the environment is unsuitable for construction.
In addition, the bridge is further subjected to reinforcement monitoring by using a static level gauge, a strain sensor and the like. And then, performing mutual calibration and verification based on the acquired data of the GNSS receiver, analyzing and BIM simulation on the monitored data through a wireless data acquisition system, and then establishing a standard database according to the monitoring and simulation to perform early warning and evacuation on site operation.
In the embodiment of the invention, various sensors in the sensing equipment adopt an intelligent memory chip with built-in unique codes and a GPRS transmission system, and the monitoring data can be temporarily stored and uploaded to a server in real time by a mobile signal tower.
Example 3:
for the GNSS receiver in embodiment 2, as shown in FIG. 2, it includes a GPS receiver, a GLONASS receiver, a GALILEO receiver and a Beidou receiver.
The GNSS receiver in the embodiment of the invention can receive the positioning data of various global satellite navigation systems including a GPS system in the United states, a GLONASS system in Russian, a Galileo (GALILEO) satellite navigation system in the European Union and a Beidou satellite navigation system in China, and has wide application range.
But as a preferred mode of the embodiment of the invention, the GNSS receiver is preferably a beidou receiver. The monitored data of the Beidou satellite navigation system utilizes the carrier phase information and carrier phase difference technology to carry out difference processing on the data of the reference station and each monitoring point, so that various errors of satellite ranging can be effectively eliminated or weakened, and the positioning accuracy is greatly improved. The Beidou satellite navigation positioning monitoring has the characteristics of all weather, automation, no need of viewing among monitoring points and the like, and can realize continuous, high-precision and full-automatic data monitoring.
Example 4:
for the data analysis and BIM simulation in embodiment 2, as shown in FIG. 3, the BIM simulation system collects data such as stress, turning angle, traction force and the like through sensors arranged on the bridge, so as to comprehensively monitor the turning process of the bridge, evaluate the safety performance of the structure through analyzing the data, and send out early warning notification in time. The bridge swivel intelligent real-time visual monitoring system is a software part of the system and comprises a data acquisition module, a data service module, a communication service module, a monitoring control module and a comprehensive evaluation early warning module. The data acquisition module stores the acquired data as a binary file, and sends out alarm information to the overrun data according to different sensor types and different positions. And if the monitoring control module is required to display the real-time data, the data acquisition module sends the real-time data to the monitoring control module. And the monitoring control module comprehensively utilizes the data collected by stress automatic monitoring, stores the monitoring data to the database in real time, and finally reads the data from the database for outputting when the report is analyzed. And the comprehensive evaluation early warning module directly reads data from the data server to perform early warning analysis, safety performance evaluation and other operations, and finally, a result generation report is obtained.
Preferably, the security grading color pre-warning includes the following color pre-warning:
green early warning: displaying a green monitoring point to indicate that the monitoring point is in a stable and safe state, performing daily patrol management at the moment, and checking the data transmission condition and the deformation condition of BIM real-time simulation;
yellow early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed and the flat rotation angular speed are 0.008-0.012 rad/min, and the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is greater than 1.2-1.4 m/min, and the continuous jack travel difference is 0.8-0.9 mm, the monitoring system sends an orange early warning instruction to the operation table, inspects field equipment, records early warning information, and records the position, early warning type, early warning value and normal value of early warning;
orange early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed are 0.012-0.015 rad/min, the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is 1.4-1.5 m/min, the continuous jack travel difference is 0.9-1.0 mm, the monitoring system sends a yellow early warning instruction to the operation table, the field device is checked, and meanwhile early warning information is recorded, and the position, early warning type, early warning value and normal value of early warning are recorded;
red early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed are greater than 0.015 rad/min, the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is greater than 1.5 m/min, the continuous jack travel difference is greater than 1 mm, the monitoring system sends a yellow early warning instruction to the operation table to check the field device, meanwhile, the early warning information is recorded, the position, the early warning type, the early warning value and the normal value of the early warning are recorded, the field device carries the device to arrive at the field within 30 minutes after receiving the notification of the field device, and the bridge emergency repair work is immediately organized.
According to real-time quantitative monitoring data, the swivel construction process is dynamically monitored, the workload of site constructors is reduced, the current situation that experience is too dependent in the past is solved, monitoring and early warning can be effectively carried out in time, and construction risks are reduced.
Example 5:
the embodiment of the invention provides a bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning method based on GNSS and BIM, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 4:
s1, extracting bridge swivel construction control parameters and bridge structural characteristics according to a construction design drawing, and determining the flatness of a lower turntable, the early warning value of the spatial position change speed of an upper turntable and an end part of a bridge and the final position of the bridge;
s2, constructing a bridge swivel construction cluster library according to bridge dimensions, connection relations, construction sequences and sensors, constructing a bridge swivel construction foundation model based on a Revit platform, and reserving data interfaces of the sensors and a GNSS receiver;
s3, acquiring real-time data of stress and strain of a bridge site stress point, a rotating angular speed, rotating traction force, rotating angle, beam end deflection, bridge body inclination angle and other parameters of a bridge rotating structure through a bridge sensor, acquiring initial measuring point coordinates of the bridge end and real-time measuring point coordinates of the bridge end in a set monitoring time interval through a GNSS receiver, and converting the initial measuring point coordinates and the real-time measuring point coordinates into a bridge space position change angular speed, a line speed and an inclination angle;
s4, acquiring data based on a GNSS receiver and a bridge sensor, initializing data, checking data and analyzing errors of the bridge swivel angular speed, the swivel angle, the beam end deflection and the bridge body inclination angle, and transmitting the data to a PC terminal through a wireless data acquisition and transmission system;
s5, compiling a data processing system based on a Visual C++ development platform, transmitting effective data to a Revit platform and a field operation platform, and guiding a construction control platform to dynamically adjust related parameters according to parameters such as a BIM bridge swivel construction simulation process, swivel traction force, a bridge body inclination angle and the like;
s6, according to the GNSS receiver and bridge sensor data, displaying the bridge swivel construction process and the bridge end real-time spatial position change in a real-time visual manner through a BIM bridge swivel construction model, and dividing the dangerous level into four levels of red, orange and green according to the preset bridge swivel angular speed, swivel angle, beam end deflection, bridge body inclination angle, wind speed and other data early warning thresholds;
and S7, stopping the swivel when the bridge swivel reaches the final position of the bridge. The PC end adjusts the monitoring frequency, continuously monitors key parameters of the bridge, and provides data for bridge operation and maintenance.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the bridge swivel approaches to the final position of the bridge, the control of the equipment on the swivel is closed, and the single-point rotation control of the bridge swivel is started until the final position of the bridge is reached, so that the over-rotation can be effectively prevented.
The invention provides a bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning method based on GNSS and BIM, which can be used for carrying out key parameters of a swivel structure in the bridge swivel construction process: the rotating angular speed, the rotating angle, the beam end deflection, the bridge body inclination angle, the wind speed and the like are monitored in real time, the GNSS three-dimensional coordinate change condition of the bridge structure is mastered, the monitoring data and the BIM can be fused rapidly, a BIM simulation animation and a monitoring and early warning system are built, safety early warning is provided for construction, and meanwhile, the BIM simulation platform can be adopted to invert key parameters.
The bridge swivel construction simulation and monitoring method adopts GNSS and BIM to monitor and simulate the bridge swivel construction in real time, has the characteristics of timeliness, rapidness, high monitoring precision and the like, can realize efficient, automatic and real-time visual bridge swivel construction simulation and monitoring, provides technical guidance for construction, and reduces human calculation errors. The attitude and the rotating speed in the bridge swivel construction process can be monitored in real time, the GNSS three-dimensional coordinate change condition of the bridge span structure can be mastered in real time, and corresponding measures can be taken in time when the bridge span structure is abnormal, so that the construction quality and the construction safety are ensured. Meanwhile, the bridge swivel construction is monitored based on the GNSS, and the bridge swivel construction monitoring system has the characteristics of all weather, automation, no need of looking through between monitoring points and the like, and can realize continuous, high-precision, full-automatic and visual bridge swivel construction monitoring.
Example 6:
aiming at the bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning method based on GNSS and BIM in the embodiment 5, the step S4 comprises the following sub-steps:
s41, acquiring initial measuring point coordinates and real-time measuring point coordinates of four positions of a bridge base station, a beam end and a beam column based on a GNSS receiver, converting the initial measuring point coordinates and the real-time measuring point coordinates into a bridge inclination angle, a beam end elevation, a rotation angle and a bridge body inclination angle, and transmitting the bridge inclination angle, the beam end elevation, the rotation angle and the bridge body inclination angle to a PC end;
s42, acquiring data based on the bridge sensor, adopting GPRS to transmit the data to the PC end based on the mobile signal tower;
s43, mutually checking and initializing the GNSS receiver and the bridge sensor data, then monitoring in real time, and performing early warning and checking when the error between the GNSS receiver and the bridge sensor is larger than +/-3 mm;
s44, transmitting the effective data to a Revit platform and a console, acquiring real-time monitoring data of bridge swivel construction, updating a BIM model and guiding construction.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the monitoring data of the sensor and the GNSS receiver are transmitted to the PC end in a wireless transmission mode, the effective data are processed through the Visual C++ development platform, the Revit platform is adopted for modeling, meanwhile, error judgment is carried out on the monitoring data, the accuracy of data acquisition is improved, and guidance is provided for standard construction and swivel bridge construction under the working condition through the real-time 3D model.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims, including the equivalents of the technical features in the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this invention are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system based on GNSS and BIM is characterized in that: the system comprises a bridge sensor, a GNSS receiver, a wireless data acquisition system and a BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system;
the bridge sensor is used for collecting real-time data of stress and strain of a bridge site stress point, and parameters of a turning angular speed, turning traction, turning angle, beam end deflection and bridge body inclination angle of a bridge turning structure;
the GNSS receiver is used for acquiring initial measuring point coordinates of the bridge end part, the monitoring point and the datum point and real-time measuring point coordinates in a set monitoring time interval, and transmitting the coordinates to the wireless data acquisition system;
the wireless data acquisition system comprises a mobile signal tower, a reference station and monitoring equipment with a GPRS transmission function, wherein monitoring data are transmitted to a server, the data are converted into data formats required by an operation desk and a Revit through a C++ program, the data are distributed to a bridge swivel construction operation desk and a BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system, and real-time monitoring and early warning and intelligent control of bridge swivel construction operation are carried out according to simulation results and real-time data;
the BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system constructs a bridge swivel construction cluster library based on a Revit platform according to bridge dimensions, connection relations, construction sequences and monitoring data, constructs a standard model, performs swivel construction simulation according to different bridge dimensions and construction working conditions, displays safety grading color early warning according to bridge gestures, rotation speeds and moment distribution, and provides guidance for construction operation.
2. The bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system based on GNSS and BIM according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bridge sensor comprises an inclinometer, a strain gauge, a deflectometer, a single-point settlement meter, a static level meter, a wind speed sensor, a geological compass, a stay wire displacement meter and a GPS positioning meter, wherein the sensor is in communication connection with the mobile signal tower and the data acquisition equipment by adopting GPRS;
the bridge sensor can also provide service for bridge monitoring after the swivel construction is finished, and provides real-time monitoring data for bridge operation, detection, maintenance and scientific research.
3. The bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system based on GNSS and BIM according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the GNSS receiver is a GPS receiver, a GLONASS receiver, a GALILEO receiver or a Beidou receiver;
the GNSS receivers of the reference station are arranged outside a range 500 meters away from the bridge main body construction structure, and perform data exchange, data calibration and differential solution with the GNSS receivers arranged on the bridge main body structure, and construct a GNSS data calibration mode by comparing initial measuring point coordinates to acquire real-time space position information of the bridge;
the GNSS receiver is used for obtaining the ground coordinates and time information of the bridge, performing longitudinal data calculation and analyzing key parameters of angular speed, linear speed and inclination angle in the construction process of the bridge swivel;
the GNSS receiver monitoring data are synchronized and checked with the bridge sensor, and the values of the GNSS receiver monitoring data and the bridge sensor are in an allowable error range, so that the measurement is considered to be accurate, otherwise, the error check is needed.
4. The bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system based on GNSS and BIM according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the BIM bridge three-dimensional simulation system comprises a modeling module, a visualization module and a monitoring and early warning platform, wherein the modeling module builds a bridge swivel construction cluster library based on a Revit platform according to bridge size, connection relation, construction sequence and monitoring data, builds a bridge swivel construction standard model, and performs real-time visualization modeling by combining the monitoring data under the condition of changing the bridge size, height and tonnage.
5. The visualization module displays the initial model information, updates in real time according to the processed data, displays the dynamic attitude information of the bridge construction process, and builds a monitoring and early warning platform by combining with the swivel construction standard.
6. The bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system based on GNSS and BIM according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the monitoring and early warning platform generates early warning signals according to the turning angular speed, turning traction force, turning angle, beam end deflection and bridge body inclination angle of turning construction, sets the monitoring and early warning to be red, orange, yellow and green grades, transmits monitoring information to the control console in real time, and guides operators to adjust construction parameters.
7. The bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning system based on GNSS and BIM according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the security grading color early warning comprises the following color early warning steps:
green early warning: displaying a green monitoring point to indicate that the monitoring point is in a stable and safe state, performing daily patrol management at the moment, and checking the data transmission condition and the deformation condition of BIM real-time simulation;
yellow early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed and the flat rotation angular speed are 0.008-0.012 rad/min, and the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is greater than 1.2-1.4 m/min, and the continuous jack travel difference is 0.8-0.9 mm, the monitoring system sends an orange early warning instruction to the operation table, inspects field equipment, records early warning information, and records the position, early warning type, early warning value and normal value of early warning;
orange early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed are 0.012-0.015 rad/min, the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is 1.4-1.5 m/min, the continuous jack travel difference is 0.9-1.0 mm, the monitoring system sends a yellow early warning instruction to the operation table, the field device is checked, and meanwhile early warning information is recorded, and the position, early warning type, early warning value and normal value of early warning are recorded;
red early warning: when the rotation angular speed and the linear speed are greater than 0.015 rad/min, the linear speed of the cantilever end of the beam body is greater than 1.5 m/min, the continuous jack travel difference is greater than 1 mm, the monitoring system sends a yellow early warning instruction to the operation table to check the field device, meanwhile, the early warning information is recorded, the position, the early warning type, the early warning value and the normal value of the early warning are recorded, the field device carries the device to arrive at the field within 30 minutes after receiving the notification of the field device, and the bridge emergency repair work is immediately organized.
8. The bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning method based on GNSS and BIM according to any one of claims 1-6 comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting bridge swivel construction control parameters and bridge structural characteristics according to a construction design drawing, and determining the flatness of a lower turntable, the early warning value of the spatial position change speed of an upper turntable and an end part of a bridge and the final position of the bridge;
s2, constructing a bridge swivel construction cluster library according to bridge dimensions, connection relations, construction sequences and sensors, constructing a bridge swivel construction foundation model based on a Revit platform, and reserving data interfaces of the sensors and a GNSS receiver;
s3, acquiring stress-strain real-time data of a bridge site stress point, a turning angular speed, turning traction, turning angle, beam end deflection and bridge body inclination parameters of a bridge turning structure through a bridge sensor, acquiring initial measuring point coordinates of the bridge end and real-time measuring point coordinates of the bridge end in a set monitoring time interval through a GNSS receiver, and converting the initial measuring point coordinates and the real-time measuring point coordinates into a bridge space position change angular speed, a line speed and an inclination;
s4, acquiring data based on a GNSS receiver and a bridge sensor, initializing data, checking data and analyzing errors of the bridge swivel angular speed, the swivel angle, the beam end deflection and the bridge body inclination angle, and transmitting the data to a PC terminal through a wireless data acquisition and transmission system;
s5, compiling a data processing system based on a Visual C++ development platform, transmitting effective data to a Revit platform and a field operation platform, and guiding a construction control platform to dynamically adjust related parameters according to the BIM bridge swivel construction simulation process, swivel traction force and bridge body inclination angle parameters;
s6, according to the GNSS receiver and bridge sensor data, the bridge swivel construction process and the real-time spatial position change of the bridge end are visually displayed in real time through a BIM bridge swivel construction model, and according to preset bridge swivel angular speed, swivel angle, beam end deflection, bridge body inclination angle and wind speed data early warning threshold values, dangerous grades are divided into four grades of red, orange and green;
and S7, stopping turning when the bridge is turned to the final position of the bridge, and adjusting the monitoring frequency by the PC end to continuously monitor key parameters of the bridge so as to provide data for bridge operation and maintenance.
9. The bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning method based on GNSS and BIM according to claim 7 comprises the following steps: the method also comprises the following steps:
monitoring the inclination angle and the elevation change condition of the beam end of the T-shaped beam in the bridge rotation process in real time;
monitoring vibration characteristics of a bridge body in the bridge rotation process in real time;
monitoring the inclination angle, the strain condition and the supporting leg stress of the upper turntable in the bridge swivel process in real time;
and monitoring the swivel traction force and the application speed of the reaction frame in the bridge swivel process in real time.
10. The bridge swivel real-time monitoring and early warning method based on GNSS and BIM according to claim 7 comprises the following steps: step S4 comprises the following sub-steps:
s41, acquiring initial measuring point coordinates and real-time measuring point coordinates of four positions of a bridge base station, a beam end and a beam column based on a GNSS receiver, converting the initial measuring point coordinates and the real-time measuring point coordinates into a bridge inclination angle, a beam end elevation, a rotation angle and a bridge body inclination angle, and transmitting the bridge inclination angle, the beam end elevation, the rotation angle and the bridge body inclination angle to a PC end;
s42, acquiring data based on the bridge sensor, adopting GPRS to transmit the data to the PC end based on the mobile signal tower;
s43, mutually checking and initializing the GNSS receiver and the bridge sensor data, then monitoring in real time, and performing early warning and checking when the error between the GNSS receiver and the bridge sensor is larger than +/-3 mm;
s44, transmitting the effective data to a Revit platform and a console, acquiring real-time monitoring data of bridge swivel construction, updating a BIM model and guiding construction.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118194416A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-06-14 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Swivel bridge swivel measurement and control system and measurement and control method thereof |
| CN118360876A (en) * | 2024-06-17 | 2024-07-19 | 华东交通大学 | Bridge swivel construction monitoring control method and device based on color-sensitive change identification |
| CN118395556A (en) * | 2024-04-30 | 2024-07-26 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所 | Construction method and device of bridge swivel key part stress prediction model based on response surface method |
| CN118583346A (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-09-03 | 中铁七局集团西安铁路工程有限公司 | Large-span steel trestle stress real-time monitoring system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118395556A (en) * | 2024-04-30 | 2024-07-26 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所 | Construction method and device of bridge swivel key part stress prediction model based on response surface method |
| CN118194416A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-06-14 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Swivel bridge swivel measurement and control system and measurement and control method thereof |
| CN118360876A (en) * | 2024-06-17 | 2024-07-19 | 华东交通大学 | Bridge swivel construction monitoring control method and device based on color-sensitive change identification |
| CN118583346A (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-09-03 | 中铁七局集团西安铁路工程有限公司 | Large-span steel trestle stress real-time monitoring system |
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