CN117515043A - Bearing lubrication structure, high-speed motorized spindle and bearing lubrication method - Google Patents
Bearing lubrication structure, high-speed motorized spindle and bearing lubrication method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117515043A CN117515043A CN202311381408.3A CN202311381408A CN117515043A CN 117515043 A CN117515043 A CN 117515043A CN 202311381408 A CN202311381408 A CN 202311381408A CN 117515043 A CN117515043 A CN 117515043A
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- bearing
- ring
- ring body
- outer ring
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- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 273
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/121—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine with lubricating effect for reducing friction
- B23Q11/123—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine with lubricating effect for reducing friction for lubricating spindle bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/16—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
- F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
- F16C33/6659—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
- F16C37/007—Cooling of bearings of rolling bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
- F16N7/30—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the oil being fed or carried along by another fluid
- F16N7/32—Mist lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2322/00—Apparatus used in shaping articles
- F16C2322/39—General buildup of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bearing lubrication structure, a high-speed electric spindle and a bearing lubrication method, which belong to the field of machining equipment, and comprise a ring body, wherein an oiling channel and an oil discharging channel are arranged on the ring body, the oiling channel and the oil discharging channel penetrate through the side wall of the ring body, the bearing lubrication structure further comprises an oil spraying port and an oil guiding lip, the oil spraying port is communicated with the oiling channel, one end of the oil spraying port is obliquely arranged towards the inside of the ring body, the included angle between the axis of the oil spraying port and the axis of the ring body is an acute angle, the other end of the oil spraying port is arranged towards the outside of the ring body, and the oil guiding lip extends from the end of the ring body towards the inner side of the ring body so that the oil guiding lip covers the outer side of the oil spraying port, lubricates a bearing in a spraying mode, has high lubrication uniformity, can cool the bearing, improves the performance and service life of the bearing under high-speed, and meets the requirement of high-speed machining of the electric spindle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machining equipment, in particular to a bearing lubrication structure, a high-speed motorized spindle and a bearing lubrication method.
Background
The metal processing is generally carried out through machining equipment such as turning, milling, drilling, and the like, an electric spindle is installed on the machining equipment to be used as power for cutting, grease lubrication is needed to be carried out on a bearing inside the electric spindle in order to ensure the reliability of power output of the electric spindle in high-speed operation, so that friction force is reduced, heat dissipation is carried out, grease inside the bearing is lubricated, grease inside the bearing can gradually heat, melt, burn and finally the bearing is damaged due to overlarge friction and overheat under the state of long-time high-speed rotation. The lubrication capacity of the bearing needs to be improved to meet the requirements of high rotational speed processing.
The existing bearing lubrication mode is commonly provided with two types of oil mist lubrication and oil gas lubrication, and mainly adopts the oil gas lubrication. The oil-gas lubrication is to utilize compressed air to deliver small drop-shaped and precisely metered lubricating oil into an oil nozzle through an oil delivery pipe, then to inject the lubricating oil into a bearing through the oil nozzle, and after the lubricating oil is injected into the bearing, an oil film is formed on the surface of the ball, so that the bearing can be lubricated and cooled in an ultra-high speed state, and meanwhile, the compressed air can be cooled after entering the bearing, so that the bearing keeps a lower temperature when working at a high rotating speed. Because of the main shaft structure of the oil nozzle, the lubricating oil is dispersed when being injected into the bearing, so that the lubricating performance is poor; and the bearings are lubricated differently under different mounting modes of the motorized spindle. Therefore, there is a need for an electric spindle and bearing lubrication structure that can ensure the lubrication effect of the lubricating oil and is suitable for different mounting modes.
The patent of current publication No. CN219211636U discloses a sealing and lubricating structure of a spindle and an electric spindle using the structure, comprising: the front-end oil gas lubrication loop is communicated with the oil gas inlet and the oil gas outlet; the rear-end oil gas lubrication loop is communicated with the oil gas inlet and the oil gas outlet; the front-end airtight loop is communicated with the air passage inlet; the rear end airtight loop is communicated with the air passage inlet; the front-end airtight component is arranged at the tail end of the front-end airtight circuit; and the rear end airtight component is arranged at the tail end of the rear end airtight circuit. And an electric spindle, adopted above-mentioned airtight and oil gas lubrication to unite the action structure, easy focusing after the oil gas enters into the bearing in this spindle's lubrication structure, and the oil gas can't spray into the bearing surface uniformly, it is limited to lubricate the effect, and it can change under vertical or horizontal installation condition in addition, can't adapt to the work of high-speed electric spindle and use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bearing lubrication structure, which solves the problems of poor lubrication effect caused by uneven spraying and low utilization rate of lubricating oil during bearing lubrication.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a bearing lubricating structure, includes the ring body be equipped with oiling passageway and oil extraction passageway on the ring body, oiling passageway with the oil extraction passageway runs through the lateral wall of ring body, still include oil spout mouth and lead oily lip, the oil spout mouth with oiling passageway intercommunication, the oil spout mouth orientation the inside slope of ring body sets up, the axis of oil spout mouth with the contained angle of ring body axis is the acute angle, just the other end of oil spout mouth is directional the outside setting of ring body, lead oily lip by the end face of ring body extend to the inboard of ring body, so that lead oily lip to cover the outside side of oil spout mouth, lubricate the bearing through the mode of spraying, lubricated degree of uniformity is high and lubricating oil utilization is high, and can cool off the bearing, has improved the performance and the life of bearing under high-speed.
Further, the lubricating oil collecting device further comprises an oil collecting part, wherein the oil collecting part is arranged on the end face of the ring body, the oil collecting part is a groove formed inwards by the end face of the ring body, the oil discharging channel penetrates through an inner side wall of the oil collecting part to be communicated with the oil collecting part, the inner side wall of one side of the oil collecting part is inclined to guide lubricating oil into the groove, used lubricating oil can be collected, the lubricating oil is prevented from being polluted, and the lubricating effect of the lubricating oil is improved.
Preferably, the lubricating device further comprises an oil storage tank, wherein the oil storage tank is arranged in the ring body, and the oil storage tank is respectively connected with the oil injection port and the oil injection channel and is used for buffering lubricating oil and continuously lubricating the bearing, so that the continuity of lubrication is improved.
Preferably, the oil injection device further comprises a sealing groove, wherein the sealing groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the ring body and is positioned on two sides of the oil injection channel, so that leakage is prevented during oil injection, and mutual pollution among lubricating oils in different positions is caused.
The invention also aims to provide a high-speed motorized spindle, which solves the problem that lubricating oil is easy to accumulate under the condition that the motorized spindle rotates at a high speed, so that the lubricating effect is reduced.
The high-speed motorized spindle comprises a bearing lubricating structure, paired bearings, bearing seats and a motor casing, wherein the bearing seats are arranged in the motor casing, the bearing lubricating structure is arranged in the motor casing, the paired bearings are arranged at intervals, the paired bearings are in interference fit with the bearing seats, each bearing can be lubricated independently, and the lubricating effect is good.
Further, the bearing assembly further comprises a first spacer ring, the first spacer ring is arranged between the bearings in pairs, the first spacer ring comprises a first inner ring, a first outer ring, an oil drain hole and a first oil guide part, the first outer ring is coaxially matched with the first inner ring, an oil passing channel is reserved between the first outer ring and the first inner ring, the oil drain hole is arranged to penetrate through the side wall of the first outer ring, the first oil guide part is arranged on the outer side wall of the first inner ring, the first oil guide part points to the oil drain hole, and the first spacer ring is a uniform rotator and suitable for horizontal installation and use of an electric spindle.
Further, the electric spindle vertical installation structure further comprises a second spacer ring, the second spacer ring is arranged between the bearings in pairs, the second spacer ring comprises a second inner ring, a second outer ring, oil drain grooves, a second oil guide part and a bridging part, one end of the bridging part is connected with the inner wall of the second outer ring, the other end of the bridging part is connected with the outer wall of the second inner ring, the bridging part divides the second outer ring into an upper part and a lower part, so that oil accumulation grooves are formed between the second inner ring and the second outer ring, the oil drain grooves penetrate through the side wall of the second outer ring along the radial direction of the second outer ring, the oil drain grooves are formed in the second outer ring on the upper side and the lower side of the bridging part, the second spacer ring can effectively block the upper part and the lower part of lubrication to be fused, and the used lubrication oil is discharged outwards in time, so that the electric spindle vertical installation structure is suitable for vertical installation of the electric spindle.
Preferably, the second spacer ring further comprises a second oil guiding part and a limiting part, the second oil guiding part is arranged on the lower side wall of the inner side of the oil accumulation groove, the limiting part is arranged on the outer wall of the second inner ring, the limiting part extends into the upper side of the oil accumulation groove, and the limiting part is contacted with one side wall of the bridging part, so that lubrication can be guided to be discharged outwards.
Preferably, the bearing comprises an outer ring, paired sealing parts and oil inlet holes, the paired sealing parts are arranged on the outer ring, the oil inlet holes penetrate through the outer ring, the oil inlet holes are arranged between the paired sealing parts, the bearing is independently supplied with lubricating oil, lubrication of other parts is prevented from entering the bearing, and the lubricating effect of the bearing is improved.
The invention further aims to provide a bearing lubrication method, which solves the problem of poor bearing lubrication effect under the high rotating speed of the electric spindle.
A method of lubricating a bearing comprising the steps of:
s1, oil feeding: lubricating oil is injected into the oil injection port from the outside through the oil injection channel;
s2, lubrication: an oil guide lip is arranged on the outer side of the oil injection port, the oil injection port directly injects lubricating oil into the bearing, part of the lubricating oil is impacted on the oil guide lip and is reflected on the bearing through the oil guide lip, and the bearing rotates at a high speed to drive the lubricating oil to form an oil film;
s3, oil discharge: the lubricating oil flows to the edge under the centrifugal force effect of the bearing, is discharged to the outside from the oil discharge channel, has uniform lubricating effect on the bearing, and can independently operate without interference between the lubricating oil, thereby improving the lubricating effect.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The oil injection channel and the oil discharge channel are arranged on the ring body of the bearing lubricating structure, the oil injection port is connected with the oil injection channel and faces the inside of the ring body, the oil injection port is inclined to the bearing, the bearing can be uniformly sprayed after being mixed with lubricating oil, the oil guide lip is arranged on the outer side of the oil outlet direction of the oil injection port, the lubrication emitted by the oil injection port can be reflected and guided to be lubricated and enter the bearing, so that the lubricating oil and mixed gas can be uniformly emitted to the bearing, the utilization rate of the lubricating oil is improved, and the service life of the bearing under high speed is ensured.
(2) The electric spindle is provided with a first spacer ring, the first spacer ring is positioned between two bearings, the first spacer ring is used for separating lubrication between the two bearings and preventing the lubrication effect of the bearings from being influenced after lubrication and mixing, the first spacer ring is provided with an oil drain hole and a first oil guide part, accumulated lubricating oil can be guided to the oil drain hole through the first oil guide part and is discharged outwards through the oil drain hole to complete circulation of the lubricating oil, the first oil guide part is positioned on the outer side wall of an inner ring, the upper part and the lower part are symmetrical and suitable for lubrication of the horizontal type installed electric spindle, the electric spindle is also provided with a second spacer ring, the second spacer ring is provided with an oil drain groove, a second oil guide part and a bridging part, the bridging part divides the second spacer ring into an upper oil accumulation groove and a lower oil accumulation groove, the inner wall of the upper oil accumulation groove is provided with the second oil guide part for guiding the lubricating oil to be discharged outwards through the oil drain groove, the lubricating areas between the bearings of the bridging parts are separated to form circulation respectively, and the lubrication effect of the bearings is improved.
(3) In the lubrication method of the bearing, the oil nozzle is used for continuously spraying mixed oil gas into the bearing, the lubrication and heat dissipation effects of the bearing are improved by adjusting the oil spraying direction, the bearing can stably work at high rotation speed, the oil guiding lip is used for reflecting the oil gas, the lubrication range and the lubrication uniformity degree can be enlarged, and the purposes of long-time stable lubrication and heat dissipation are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bearing lubrication structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a first spacer ring provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first spacer ring provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a second spacer ring provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second spacer ring provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a bearing provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a first cross-sectional view of an electric spindle according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a second cross-sectional view of the motorized spindle according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional structure diagram III of the motorized spindle provided by the invention;
fig. 10 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an electric spindle provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
1. an electric spindle; 11. a first oil inlet; 12. a second oil inlet; 13. a third oil inlet; 14. a fourth oil inlet; 15. an oil inlet pipe; 16. an oil outlet; 17. an oil sump; 2. a motor housing; 3. an upper cover plate; 4. a shaft block; 41. a bearing seat; 42. a first spacer ring; 421. a first inner ring; 422. a first outer ring; 423. an oil drain hole; 424. a first oil guide part; 43. a second spacer ring; 431. a second inner ring; 432. a limit part; 433. a second outer ring; 434. an oil drain tank; 435. a second oil guide part; 436. a bridge; 437. an oil accumulation groove; 44. a bearing; 441. a sealing part; 442. an oil inlet hole; 443. an outer ring; 5. a motor; 6. a seal ring; 7. a lower cover plate; 8. a shaft core; 9. a bearing lubrication structure; 91. an oil guiding lip; 92. an oil spraying port; 93. an oil storage tank; 94. an oiling channel; 95. a ring body; 96. an oil discharge channel; 97. an oil collecting part; 98. and (5) sealing the groove.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples in the application, which a person of ordinary skill in the art would obtain without inventive faculty, are within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a bearing lubrication structure, including ring body 95, be equipped with oiling passageway 94 and oil extraction passageway 96 on ring body 95, oiling passageway 94 and oil extraction passageway 96 run through the lateral wall of ring body 95, can inwards supply oil and outwards discharge oil, still be equipped with oil spout 92 and guide lip 91 on ring body 95, oil spout 92 and oiling passageway 94 intercommunication, oil spout 92's one end is towards the inside slope setting of ring body 95, the axis of oil spout 92 and the contained angle of the axis of ring body 95 are the acute angle, and oil spout 92's the other end points to the outside of ring body 95, can enlarge the scope of oil spout 92's injection lubricating oil, make the lubricating oil injection more even, guide lip 91 extends to the inboard of ring body 95 by the terminal surface of ring body 95, guide lubricating oil enters into the bearing, the utilization ratio of lubricating oil has been improved, simultaneously guide lip 91 covers the outside of oil spout 92, guide lip 91's orientation is the same with oil spout 92, the outside part striking guide lip 91 behind the oil mixture of oil spout 92, make full use of lubricating oil, prevent the position channeling simultaneously.
Preferably, the oil collecting device further comprises an oil collecting part 97, the oil collecting part 97 is arranged on the end face of the ring body 95, the oil collecting part 97 is separable from the ring body 95, the oil collecting part 97 is a groove formed by the end face of the ring body 95 inwards, an inner side wall of the oil collecting part 97 inclines to guide lubricating oil into the groove, an oil discharging channel 96 penetrates through the other inner side wall of the oil collecting part 97 to be communicated with the oil collecting part 97, the lubricating oil can be collected, the collected lubricating oil is discharged outwards through the oil discharging channel 96, the lubricating oil from the upper part and surplus lubricating oil can be discharged outwards, the circulating conveying of the lubricating oil is guaranteed, the oil collecting part 97 and an oil spraying part can be used separately, and the functions of oil collecting and oil spraying are respectively completed.
Preferably, the lubricating oil spraying device further comprises an oil storage tank 93, wherein the oil storage tank 93 is arranged in the ring body 95, the oil storage tank 93 is respectively connected with the oil spraying opening 92 and the oil spraying channel 94, the oil storage tank 93 can buffer lubrication from the oil spraying channel 94, over-spraying of lubricating oil is prevented, and the uniformity of lubricating oil spraying of the oil spraying opening 92 is improved.
Preferably, still include seal groove 98, seal groove 98 sets up on the lateral wall of ring body 95, and is in the both sides of oiling passageway 94, and seal groove 98 can prevent that lubricating oil from taking place to leak when entering oiling passageway 94, prevents that the lubricating oil in different positions from mixing, causes the lubricating performance to drop.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2-10, this embodiment further discloses a high-speed motorized spindle 1, including bearing lubrication structure 9, paired bearings 44, bearing seat 41 and motor casing 2, bearing lubrication structure 9 sets up in motor casing 2, bearing seat 41 sets up in motor casing 2, paired bearings 44 interval sets up, and paired bearings 44 and bearing seat 41 interference fit, the axle core 8 links to each other with the inner wall of bearing 44, be equipped with upper cover plate 3 and lower apron 7 respectively on the both ends of motor casing 2 and seal motor casing 2, prevent dust entering, be equipped with first oil inlet 11 on the end that motor casing 2 kept away from the work piece, the second oil inlet 12, oil-out 16 and be equipped with oil feed pipe 15 in the oil inlet, will lubricate through oil feed pipe 15 and get into on bearing 44, each oil inlet corresponds a bearing 44, prevent mutual pollution between the fluid, oil-out 16 is used for outwards discharging the lubricating oil between bearing 44, take away the heat that bearing 44 high-speed rotation produced simultaneously, axle block 4 is used for fixing bearing 44 on axle core 8.
In addition, a further set of bearings 44 is provided on the shaft core 8, the further set of bearings 44 is lubricated by oil supplied separately via the third oil 13 and the fourth oil inlet 14 on the motor housing 2, the motor 5 is mounted between the two sets of bearings 44, and the motor 5 is fitted with the shaft core 8.
Further, the bearing assembly further comprises a first spacer ring 42, the first spacer ring 42 is arranged between the paired bearings 44, the first spacer ring 42 comprises a first inner ring 421, a first outer ring 422, an oil drain hole 423 and a first oil guide part 424, the first outer ring 422 is coaxially matched with the first inner ring 421, an oil passing channel is reserved between the first outer ring 422 and the first inner ring 421, the oil drain hole 423 is arranged to penetrate through the side wall of the first outer ring 422, the first oil guide part 424 is arranged on the outer side wall of the first inner ring 421, the first oil guide part 424 points to the oil drain hole 423, the first oil guide part 424 is a bulge protruding out of the outer wall of the first inner ring 421, the front end of the bulge is sharpened, lubricating oil at the upper part and the lower part can be guided to flow to the oil drain hole 423, the first spacer ring 42 is a revolution body, and is suitable for being used for horizontal installation of a motor spindle 1, and when the spindle 8 rotates at high speed, redundant lubricating oil can be fully guided into the oil drain hole 423 and meanwhile lubricating oil flowing into the oil passing channel can be collected under the action of the centrifugal force, so as to isolate lubricating oil between different bearings.
The bearing 44 includes an outer ring 443, a pair of sealing portions 441 and an oil inlet 442, the pair of sealing portions 441 are disposed on the outer ring 443, the oil inlet 442 penetrates through the outer ring 443, the oil inlet 442 is disposed between the pair of sealing portions 441, a sealing ring 6 is disposed in the sealing portion 441, the oil inlet 442 on the bearing 44 is communicated with the oil inlet, oil gas is directly injected into the bearing 44, lubrication and heat dissipation effects are improved, the sealing portion 441 can prevent discharged lubricating oil from entering other bearings 44, and service life of the bearing is prolonged.
Preferably, the diameter of the oil inlet 442 is 0.5-1.2mm, and two oil inlets are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the ring 95 to prevent the bearing from being over lubricated.
Example III
The embodiment also discloses a high-speed motorized spindle 1, which is different from the second embodiment in that: the second spacer ring 43 is arranged between the pair of bearings 44, the second spacer ring 43 comprises a second inner ring 431, a second outer ring 433, an oil drain groove 434, a second oil guide part 435 and a bridging part 436, one end of the bridging part 436 is connected with the inner wall of the second outer ring 433, the other end is connected with the outer wall of the second inner ring 431, the second outer ring 433 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part and the lower part are prevented from being polluted by lubricating oil, an oil accumulation groove 437 is formed between the second inner ring 431 and the second outer ring 433, the oil drain groove 434 penetrates through the side wall of the second outer ring 433 along the radial direction of the second outer ring 433, the oil drain grooves 434 are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the second outer ring 433, the oil accumulation grooves 437 on the upper part and the lower part are respectively communicated with the oil drain grooves 434, and can be respectively discharged outwards, and the second spacer ring 43 is suitable for the vertical installation of the electric spindle 1.
Further, the second spacer 43 further includes a second oil guiding portion 435 and a limiting portion 432, the second oil guiding portion 435 is disposed on a side wall of the lower oil sump 437, the limiting portion 432 is disposed on an outer wall of the second inner ring 431, the limiting portion 432 extends into the upper oil sump 437, the limiting portion 432 contacts a side wall of the bridging portion 436 for positioning the second outer ring 433, and the second oil guiding portion 435 can guide the lubricating oil to the oil drain groove 434 and drain the lubricating oil outwards.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the oil drain hole 423 of the first spacer ring 42 and the oil drain groove 434 of the second spacer ring 43 are respectively communicated with the oil outlet 16, and the oil sump 17 is disposed therebetween for collecting the lubricating oil inside the electric spindle 1, preventing the lubricating oil from accumulating inside the electric spindle 1, resulting in overheating of the inside.
Example IV
Referring to fig. 7, the bearing lubrication structure 9 is installed at both upper and lower ends of the bearing 44 or between the two bearings 44, the oil guiding lip 97 of the bearing lubrication structure 9 is extended into the bearing 44 to directly spray the lubricating oil into the bearing 44, to prevent the lubricating oil from splashing to the outside, and only the oil collecting portion 97 may be omitted for the bearing lubrication structure 9 installed at both ends of the bearing 44.
The implementation discloses a bearing lubrication method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, oil feeding: lubricating oil is injected into the oil injection port 92 from the outside through the oil injection passage 94;
s2, lubrication: an oil guide lip 91 is arranged on the outer side of the oil injection port 92, the oil injection port 92 directly injects lubricating oil into the bearing 44, part of the lubricating oil is impacted on the oil guide lip 91 and is reflected to the bearing 44 through the oil guide lip 91, and the bearing 44 rotates at a high speed to drive the lubricating oil to form an oil film;
s3, oil discharge: the lubricating oil flows to the edge by the centrifugal force of the bearing 44, and is discharged to the outside from the oil discharge passage 96.
The detailed lubrication process of the motorized spindle is as follows:
the outside oil-gas mixture enters into bearing lubricating structures 9 in different positions from the oil inlet respectively, the oil-gas mixture enters into oil storage tanks 93 through oil filling channels 94, after the oil storage tanks 93 are filled, part of the oil-gas mixture is directly sprayed to bearings 44 through oil spraying ports 92, part of the oil-gas mixture is impacted to oil guiding lips 91 to spring to the bearings 44, the bearings 44 are uniformly covered and lubricated, the bearings 44 throw the used oil-gas mixture to the side edges in high-speed rotation, spacer rings are arranged between the bearings 44 and between bearing groups in different installation positions, the outer rings of the spacer rings are communicated with the outside oil outlets 16, used lubricating oil can be discharged outwards, and the lubricating oil in the motor casing 2 is collected by oil collecting grooves 17 and discharged outwards through the oil outlets 16.
Variations and modifications to the above would be obvious to persons skilled in the art to which the invention pertains from the foregoing description and teachings. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, but some modifications and changes of the invention should be also included in the scope of the claims of the invention. In addition, although specific terms are used in the present specification, these terms are for convenience of description only and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a bearing lubrication structure, includes ring body (95) be equipped with oiling passageway (94) and oil extraction passageway (96) on ring body (95), oiling passageway (94) with oil extraction passageway (96) run through the lateral wall of ring body (95), its characterized in that: still include oil spout (92) and lead oily lip (91), oil spout (92) with oiling passageway (94) intercommunication, the one end orientation of oil spout (92) the inside slope of ring body (95) sets up, the axis of oil spout (92) with the contained angle of ring body (95) axis is the acute angle, just the other end orientation of oil spout (92) the outside setting of ring body (95), lead oily lip (91) by the end orientation of ring body (95) the inboard of ring body (95) extends, so that lead oily lip (91) cover the outside side of oil spout (92).
2. The bearing lubrication structure according to claim 1, wherein:
the oil drain device is characterized by further comprising an oil collecting part (97), wherein the oil collecting part (97) is arranged on the end face of the ring body (95), the oil collecting part (97) is a groove formed inwards by the end face of the ring body (95), the oil drain channel (96) penetrates through the other inner side wall of the oil collecting part (97) to be communicated with the oil collecting part (97), and one side inner wall of the oil collecting part (97) is inclined to guide lubricating oil into the groove.
3. The bearing lubrication structure according to claim 1, wherein:
the oil storage device further comprises an oil storage tank (93), wherein the oil storage tank (93) is arranged in the ring body (95), and the oil storage tank (93) is respectively connected with the oil injection port (92) and the oil injection channel (94).
4. The bearing lubrication structure according to claim 1, wherein:
the oil injection device further comprises a sealing groove (98), wherein the sealing groove (98) is arranged on the outer side wall of the ring body (95) and is positioned on two sides of the oil injection channel (94).
5. High-speed electricity main shaft, its characterized in that: comprising the bearing lubrication structure of any one of claims 1-4, a pair of bearings (44), a bearing housing (41) and a motor casing (2), the bearing housing (41) being disposed within the motor casing (2), the bearing lubrication structure being disposed within the motor casing (2), the pair of bearings (44) being disposed in spaced relation, and the pair of bearings (44) being in interference fit with the bearing housing (41).
6. The high-speed motorized spindle of claim 5, wherein:
still include first spacer ring (42), first spacer ring (42) set up in the pair between bearing (44), first spacer ring (42) include first inner ring (421), first outer ring (422), oil drain hole (423) and first oil guide portion (424), first outer ring (422) with first inner ring (421) coaxial cooperation, first outer ring (422) with leave the oil passage between first inner ring (421), oil drain hole (423) set up to run through the lateral wall of first outer ring (422), first oil guide portion (424) set up on the lateral wall of first inner ring (421), just first oil guide portion (424) are directional oil drain hole (423).
7. The high-speed motorized spindle of claim 5, wherein:
the novel bearing structure is characterized by further comprising a second spacer ring (43), wherein the second spacer ring (43) is arranged between the paired bearings (44), the second spacer ring (43) comprises a second inner ring (431), a second outer ring (433), an oil drain groove (434), a second oil guide part (435) and a bridging part (436), one end of the bridging part (436) is connected with the inner wall of the second outer ring (433), the other end of the bridging part is connected with the outer wall of the second inner ring (431), the bridging part (436) divides the second outer ring (433) into an upper part and a lower part, so that an oil accumulation groove (437) is formed between the second inner ring (431) and the second outer ring (433), and the oil drain groove (434) penetrates through the side wall of the second outer ring (433) along the radial direction of the second outer ring (433), and the oil drain grooves (434) are formed in the second outer ring (433) on the upper side and the lower side of the bridging part (436).
8. The high-speed motorized spindle of claim 7, wherein:
the second spacer ring (43) further comprises a second oil guide part (435) and a limiting part (432), the second oil guide part (435) is arranged on the inner side wall of the oil accumulation groove (437) at the lower part of the bridging part (436), the limiting part (432) is arranged on the outer wall of the second inner ring (431), the limiting part (432) stretches into the oil accumulation groove (437) at the upper part of the bridging part (436), and the limiting part (432) is in contact with one side wall of the bridging part (436).
9. The high-speed motorized spindle of claim 5, wherein:
the bearing (44) comprises an outer ring (443), a pair of sealing parts (441) and oil inlet holes (442), wherein the sealing parts (441) are arranged on the outer ring (443), the oil inlet holes (442) penetrate through the outer ring (443), and the oil inlet holes (442) are arranged between the sealing parts (441).
10. A method of lubricating a bearing, comprising the steps of:
s1, oil feeding: lubricating oil is injected into the oil injection port (92) from the outside through the oil injection channel (94);
s2, lubrication: an oil guide lip (91) is arranged on the outer side of the oil injection port (92), the oil injection port (92) directly injects lubricating oil into the bearing (44), part of the lubricating oil is impacted on the oil guide lip (91) and is reflected on the bearing (44) through the oil guide lip (91), and the bearing (44) rotates at a high speed to drive the lubricating oil to form an oil film;
s3, oil discharge: the lubricating oil flows to the edge by the centrifugal force of the bearing (44), and is discharged to the outside from the oil discharge passage (96).
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| CN202311381408.3A CN117515043B (en) | 2023-10-23 | 2023-10-23 | Bearing lubrication structure, high-speed motorized spindle and bearing lubrication method |
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