CN117507550A - Fiber metal laminated plate capable of improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Fiber metal laminated plate capable of improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117507550A
CN117507550A CN202311561081.8A CN202311561081A CN117507550A CN 117507550 A CN117507550 A CN 117507550A CN 202311561081 A CN202311561081 A CN 202311561081A CN 117507550 A CN117507550 A CN 117507550A
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titanium alloy
fiber metal
shear strength
weather resistance
fiber
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彭华新
龚晨星
叶竟
高岩
王欢
孙成
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/162—Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B32B2037/243—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/42—Alternating layers, e.g. ABAB(C), AABBAABB(C)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/712—Weather resistant

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fiber metal laminated board capable of improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of composite material preparation. According to the invention, by improving the surface treatment method of the titanium alloy plate, a network flocculent nano structure is constructed, and the interfacial binding force of the titanium alloy and the resin-based fiber composite material is effectively enhanced. From the short beam shear test, the fiber metal laminated board manufactured by the method has 23.6 percent higher interlayer shear strength compared with a sample with an untreated titanium alloy surface. The samples produced by the method show better weather resistance after being subjected to damp heat treatment, and the interlayer shear strength after the treatment is 42% higher than that of the samples without the treatment. The method can be widely applied to the manufacture of Ti/CFRP fiber metal laminated plates and the cementing of titanium alloy and resin-based fiber composite materials, and has stronger practical value.

Description

Fiber metal laminated plate capable of improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to a fiber metal laminated plate for improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fiber metal laminated board is prepared by alternately laying metal and fiber reinforced composite materials and then performing hot pressing and curing. Compared with the traditional single material, such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and resin fiber reinforced composite material, the fiber metal laminated plate has the advantages of the two materials, has the characteristics of high strength, high modulus and light weight, has corrosion resistance, high toughness and excellent shock resistance, and is widely applied in the aerospace field. Fiber metal laminates were first proposed by Delft university and currently developed for four generations. Compared with the first generation aramid fiber reinforced aluminum alloy laminate, the second generation glass fiber reinforced aluminum alloy laminate and the third generation carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy laminate, the fourth generation fiber metal laminate solves the problem of electrochemical corrosion between aluminum alloy and carbon fiber, and meanwhile, the strength of the titanium alloy is superior to that of the aluminum alloy, so that the mechanical properties of the titanium alloy/carbon fiber laminate are greatly improved, and the titanium alloy/carbon fiber laminate has a very good application prospect.
Although the fiber metal laminate has obvious advantages compared with the traditional single material, the fiber metal laminate has more alternate layering interfaces, comprises resin-fiber interfaces, interlayer interfaces of all layers in CFRP and metal-resin interfaces between CFRP and titanium plates, and is easy to generate layering phenomenon in the application process. Wherein the bonding strength of the metal-resin interface is generally the weakest, and the improvement of the bonding strength of the metal and the resin is also the most important step in the process of manufacturing the laminated board. The bonding strength between the metal and the resin is mainly determined by factors such as the surface morphology of the metal, the wettability of the metal and the resin, the bonding capability of the metal and the resin, and the like. The surface treatment methods of the titanium plate can be classified into three types according to different processes, wherein the first type is a surface mechanical treatment method such as mechanical polishing, shot blasting and sand blasting; the second category is chemical treatment methods such as chemical passivation, anodic oxidation, surface chemical etching; the third category is a method of adding a coupling interface layer between the metal and the resin. Most of the current researches start from improving the roughness of the metal surface, but the improvement of the interface bonding force is still insufficient, and the improvement is still needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a fiber metal laminated plate for improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance and a preparation method thereof. The invention starts from improving the microstructure of the titanium alloy surface, constructs a network flocculent nano structure, and effectively improves the interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance of the fiber metal laminated board.
The specific technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a fiber metal laminate with improved interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance, which comprises the following steps:
performing anodic oxidation treatment on the pretreated titanium alloy by using electrolyte, cleaning and drying; carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the titanium alloy subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, and then spraying a layer of resin film on the surface of the titanium alloy; laying and pre-compacting titanium alloy and carbon fiber prepreg according to the laying sequence of [ M/P/M/P/M/…/P/M ], and forming after hot-pressing and curing to obtain a fiber metal laminated plate; wherein M represents a titanium alloy, and P represents a single-layer or multi-layer carbon fiber prepreg.
Preferably, the electrolyte is a mixed solution of ammonium fluoride, deionized water and ethylene glycol in a mass ratio of 1:5:94.
Preferably, the pretreatment mode of the titanium alloy is as follows:
firstly mechanically polishing the titanium alloy, removing oil stains on the surface, cleaning and drying; and then the surface of the titanium alloy is pickled to remove the surface oxide film, and the titanium alloy is cleaned and dried.
Furthermore, the pickling solution used in the pickling process is mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3, and the pickling time is 40s.
Preferably, in the anodizing treatment, the voltage is 30V and the treatment time is 5min.
Preferably, in the stress relief annealing treatment process, the temperature is kept for 15min after the temperature is heated to 500 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃ per minute from the room temperature, and finally the temperature is cooled along with the furnace.
Preferably, the resin film is formed by spraying a solution of a structural adhesive film on the surface of the titanium alloy.
Further, the spraying density is 40g/m 2 The spraying pressure was 1.6bar.
Preferably, in the hot pressing process, the temperature is kept for 60 minutes after the temperature is heated to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃ per minute from the room temperature, the temperature is kept for 120 minutes after the temperature is continuously heated to 120 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃ per minute, the temperature is finally reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃ per minute, and the whole-process pressure is kept at 6.6bar.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fiber metal laminate with improved interlaminar shear strength and weatherability obtained by any one of the preparation methods of the first aspect.
By means of the scheme, the invention has at least the following advantages: on one hand, the titanium alloy surface treated by the method is provided with a network flocculent nano structure, so that the interface binding force of the fiber metal laminated plate can be uniformly and effectively improved, the interlayer shearing strength can be enhanced, and the weather resistance of the fiber metal laminated plate can be improved; on the other hand, the steps of the method are not only applicable to the plate, but also applicable to simple special-shaped pieces, and the application range is wider.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to be implemented according to the content of the specification, a method for manufacturing a fiber metal laminate, which is provided by the present invention and is capable of improving interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance, will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the surface of a titanium alloy after treatment in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an AFM image of the surface of a titanium alloy after treatment in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows the interlaminar shear strength of fiber metal laminates prepared by different surface treatments in examples and comparative examples of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the variation of the moisture absorption rate of the fiber metal laminate according to the examples and comparative examples;
fig. 5 shows interlaminar shear strength of fiber metal laminates after wet heat treatment in examples and comparative examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated and described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the invention can be combined correspondingly on the premise of no mutual conflict.
The invention provides a preparation method of a fiber metal laminated board for improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, the pretreated titanium alloy is anodized by utilizing electrolyte with a certain proportion, and the pretreated titanium alloy is put into an oven for drying after being cleaned by clean water. And (3) carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the titanium alloy subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, and then spraying a layer of resin film on the surface of the titanium alloy. And (3) laying and pre-compacting the titanium alloy and the carbon fiber prepreg according to the laying sequence of [ M/P/M/P/M/…/P/M ], and forming after hot pressing and curing to obtain the fiber metal laminated plate, wherein M represents the titanium alloy, and P represents a single-layer or multi-layer carbon fiber prepreg.
In actual use, the electrolyte can be a mixed solution of ammonium fluoride, deionized water and ethylene glycol in a mass ratio of 1:5:94.
In practical use, the pretreatment mode of the titanium alloy is specifically as follows:
firstly, mechanically polishing the titanium alloy, removing oil stains on the surface, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into a baking oven for baking. And then pickling the surface of the titanium alloy to remove the surface oxide film, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into an oven for drying. Specifically, the pickling solution used in the pickling process is mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3, and the pickling time is controlled to be about 40s.
In practical use, the voltage should be kept at about 30V during the anodic oxidation treatment, and the time of the anodic oxidation process should be controlled at about 5min.
In actual use, the annealing treatment process is carried out by heating to 500 ℃ from room temperature at a speed of 5 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 15min, and finally cooling along with the furnace.
In actual use, the resin film is formed by uniformly spraying the solution of the structural adhesive film on the surface of the titanium alloy under high pressure. Specifically, the spraying density is controlled to be 40g/m 2 The spray pressure was controlled at about 1.6bar.
In actual use, the hot press curing equipment is an autoclave, the hot press process is started from room temperature, heated to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then heat-preserved for 60min, then heated to 120 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then heat-preserved for 120min, finally cooled to room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, and the whole-course pressure is kept at about 6.6bar.
The preparation method and effect of the material of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Examples
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fiber metal laminated plate for improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance, which comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly mechanically polishing the TA2 titanium alloy, removing oil stains on the surface, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into a baking oven for baking. In this step, the clean water is deionized water, and the washing operation before drying in the following steps is also deionized water.
S2: and (3) pickling the surface of the titanium alloy treated in the step (S1), removing the surface oxide film, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into a baking oven for baking. In the step, the pickling solution is mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3, the mixture is properly stirred during pickling, the front side is pickled for 20s, and then the acid is turned overWashing for 20s, and controlling the total time to be about 40s. In addition, during the pickling process, a large amount of orange-red gas, namely NO, is released 2 The operator takes care of making the protection.
S3: and (2) performing anodic oxidation treatment on the titanium alloy treated in the step (S2) by using electrolyte with a certain proportion, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into an oven for drying. In the step, the electrolyte is a mixed solution of ammonium fluoride, deionized water and glycol in a mass ratio of 1:5:94. Graphite or titanium alloy which is not required to be treated is used as a cathode, the titanium alloy which is required to be treated is used as an anode, the anodic oxidation process is carried out at room temperature, the voltage is kept at about 30V, and the time is controlled at about 5min.
S4: and (3) carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the titanium alloy treated in the step (S3). In the step, the annealing treatment process is started from room temperature, heated to 500 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, then kept for 15min, and finally cooled along with the furnace. The titanium alloy after the treatment is finished is required to be subjected to subsequent spraying and curing operations within 24 hours so as to avoid failure of the surface treatment of the titanium alloy.
S5: and (3) spraying a layer of resin film on the surface of the titanium alloy treated in the step (S4). In the step, the resin film is formed by uniformly spraying a solution of a structural adhesive film on the surface of the titanium alloy under high pressure, wherein the solvent is dichloromethane, and the structural adhesive film is J272 adhesive film. The spraying density is controlled at 40g/m 2 The spray pressure was controlled at about 1.6bar. And after spraying and drying, the titanium alloy is paved and solidified immediately or is reasonably preserved, so that dust and impurities are prevented from falling on the surface of the titanium alloy.
S6: and (3) paving the titanium alloy treated in the step (S5) and the carbon fiber prepreg according to the layering sequence of [ Ti/0/90/Ti/0/90/Ti/90/0/Ti/90/0/Ti ] and pre-compacting, and forming after hot-pressing and curing to obtain the fiber metal laminated plate. Wherein Ti represents TA2 titanium alloy, 0 represents a single-layer carbon fiber prepreg of fibers in the 0 ° direction, and 90 represents a single-layer carbon fiber prepreg of fibers in the 90 ° direction. In the step, the equipment for hot press solidification is an autoclave. The hot pressing process is started from room temperature, heated to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then is kept for 60min, then is continuously heated to 120 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then is kept for 120min, finally is cooled to room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, and the whole pressure is kept at about 6.6bar.
S7: and (3) testing a short beam shearing sample processed by the prepared fiber metal laminated plate, wherein the interlayer shearing strength is 55.6MPa. In the step, the thickness of the fiber metal laminated board is 2.8mm, the length and width are determined to be 22 multiplied by 12mm according to the standard GB/T35100-2018, and a short beam shearing sample is obtained after wire cutting processing. The sample length direction is the fiber metal laminate outermost layer CFRP along the 0 ° fiber direction.
S8: after the short beam shearing sample is subjected to damp heat treatment, short beam shearing test is carried out again, and the interlayer shearing strength is 43.2MPa. In the step, the wet heat treatment equipment is a water bath kettle, the conditions are 80 ℃, the humidity is 100%, and the final moisture absorption rate after the moisture removal amount changes twice continuously and is less than 0.02% is 0.42%. The sample test standard, size, processing mode and direction are the same as S7.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example differs from the example in that: omitting S3, the method steps are as follows:
s1: firstly mechanically polishing the TA2 titanium alloy, removing oil stains on the surface, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into a baking oven for baking. In this step, the clean water is deionized water, and the washing operation before drying in the following steps is also deionized water.
S2: and (3) pickling the surface of the titanium alloy treated in the step (S1), removing the surface oxide film, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into a baking oven for baking. In the step, the pickling solution is mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3, the mixed solution is properly stirred during pickling, the front surface is pickled for 20s, then the pickling solution is turned over and pickled for 20s, and the total time is controlled to be about 40s. In addition, during the pickling process, a large amount of orange-red gas, namely NO, is released 2 The operator takes care of making the protection.
S3: and (3) carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the titanium alloy treated in the step (S2). In the step, the annealing treatment process is started from room temperature, heated to 500 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, then kept for 15min, and finally cooled along with the furnace. The titanium alloy after the treatment is finished is required to be subjected to subsequent spraying and curing operations within 24 hours so as to avoid failure of the surface treatment of the titanium alloy.
S4: processed in step S3And spraying a layer of resin film on the surface of the titanium alloy. In the step, the resin film is formed by uniformly spraying a solution of a structural adhesive film on the surface of the titanium alloy under high pressure, wherein the solvent is dichloromethane, and the structural adhesive film is J272 adhesive film. The spraying density is controlled at 40g/m 2 The spray pressure was controlled at about 1.6bar. And after spraying and drying, the titanium alloy is paved and solidified immediately or is reasonably preserved, so that dust and impurities are prevented from falling on the surface of the titanium alloy.
S5: and (3) laying and pre-compacting the titanium alloy treated in the step (S4) and the carbon fiber prepreg according to the layering sequence of [ Ti/0/90/Ti/0/90/Ti/90/0/Ti/90/0/Ti ], and forming after hot pressing and curing to obtain the fiber metal laminated plate, wherein Ti represents the TA2 titanium alloy, 0 represents the single-layer carbon fiber prepreg with the fiber along the 0-degree direction, and 90 represents the single-layer carbon fiber prepreg with the fiber along the 90-degree direction. In the step, the equipment for hot press solidification is an autoclave. The hot pressing process is started from room temperature, heated to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then is kept for 60min, then is continuously heated to 120 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then is kept for 120min, finally is cooled to room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, and the whole pressure is kept at about 6.6bar.
S6: and (3) testing a short beam shearing sample processed by the prepared fiber metal laminated plate, wherein the interlayer shearing strength is 45MPa. In the step, the thickness of the fiber metal laminated board is 2.8mm, the length and width are determined to be 22 multiplied by 12mm according to the standard GB/T35100-2018, and a short beam shearing sample is obtained after wire cutting processing. The sample length direction is the fiber metal laminate outermost layer CFRP along the 0 ° fiber direction.
S7: and after the short beam shearing sample is subjected to damp heat treatment, short beam shearing test is carried out again, and the interlayer shearing strength is 30.4MPa. In the step, the wet heat treatment equipment is a water bath kettle, the conditions are 80 ℃, the humidity is 100%, and the final moisture absorption rate after the moisture removal amount changes twice continuously and is less than 0.02% is 0.34%. The sample test standard, size, processing mode and direction are the same as S6.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example differs from the example in that: the step S3 of anodic oxidation is changed into a sand blasting method, and S2 is omitted, and the steps of the method are as follows:
s1: firstly mechanically polishing the TA2 titanium alloy, removing oil stains on the surface, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into a baking oven for baking. In this step, the clean water is deionized water.
S2: and (3) carrying out sand blasting treatment on the titanium alloy treated in the step (S1). In the step, a pressure-feed type sand blasting machine is adopted for sand blasting, fine aluminum rock soil sand with the granularity of 150 meshes is used for uniformly blowing the surface of the titanium alloy plate under the pressure of a spray gun of 0.6MPa, and the duration is 30 seconds until the surface is in a matte state. And after the treatment is finished, taking out the sample for standby.
S3: and (3) carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the titanium alloy treated in the step (S2). In the step, the annealing treatment process is started from room temperature, heated to 500 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, then kept for 15min, and finally cooled along with the furnace. The titanium alloy after the treatment is finished is required to be subjected to subsequent spraying and curing operations within 24 hours so as to avoid failure of the surface treatment of the titanium alloy.
S4: and (3) spraying a layer of resin film on the surface of the titanium alloy treated in the step (S3). In the step, the resin film is formed by uniformly spraying a solution of a structural adhesive film on the surface of the titanium alloy under high pressure, wherein the solvent is dichloromethane, and the structural adhesive film is J272 adhesive film. The spraying density is controlled at 40g/m 2 The spray pressure was controlled at about 1.6bar. And after spraying and drying, the titanium alloy is paved and solidified immediately or is reasonably preserved, so that dust and impurities are prevented from falling on the surface of the titanium alloy.
S5: and (3) laying and pre-compacting the titanium alloy treated in the step (S4) and the carbon fiber prepreg according to the layering sequence of [ Ti/0/90/Ti/0/90/Ti/90/0/Ti/90/0/Ti ], and forming after hot pressing and curing to obtain the fiber metal laminated plate, wherein Ti represents the TA2 titanium alloy, 0 represents the single-layer carbon fiber prepreg with the fiber along the 0-degree direction, and 90 represents the single-layer carbon fiber prepreg with the fiber along the 90-degree direction. In the step, the equipment for hot press solidification is an autoclave. The hot pressing process is started from room temperature, heated to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then is kept for 60min, then is continuously heated to 120 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then is kept for 120min, finally is cooled to room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, and the whole pressure is kept at about 6.6bar.
S6: and (3) testing a short beam shearing sample processed by the prepared fiber metal laminated plate, wherein the interlayer shearing strength is 48.5MPa. In the step, the thickness of the fiber metal laminated board is 2.8mm, the length and width are determined to be 22 multiplied by 12mm according to the standard GB/T35100-2018, and a short beam shearing sample is obtained after wire cutting processing. The sample length direction is the fiber metal laminate outermost layer CFRP along the 0 ° fiber direction.
S7: after the short beam shearing sample is subjected to damp heat treatment, short beam shearing test is carried out again, and the interlayer shearing strength is 37.7MPa. In the step, the wet heat treatment equipment is a water bath kettle, the conditions are 80 ℃, the humidity is 100%, and the final moisture absorption rate after the moisture removal amount changes twice continuously and is less than 0.02% is 0.26%. The sample test standard, size, processing mode and direction are the same as S6.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example differs from the example in that: the step S3 anodic oxidation method is changed into a traditional NaTESi anodic oxidation method, and the steps of the method are as follows:
s1: firstly mechanically polishing the TA2 titanium alloy, removing oil stains on the surface, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into a baking oven for baking. In this step, the clean water is deionized water, and the washing operation before drying in the following steps is also deionized water.
S2: and (3) pickling the surface of the titanium alloy treated in the step (S1), removing the surface oxide film, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into a baking oven for baking. In the step, the pickling solution is mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3, the mixed solution is properly stirred during pickling, the front surface is pickled for 20s, then the pickling solution is turned over and pickled for 20s, and the total time is controlled to be about 40s. In addition, during the pickling process, a large amount of orange-red gas, namely NO, is released 2 The operator takes care of making the protection.
S3: and (2) performing anodic oxidation treatment on the titanium alloy treated in the step (S2) by using electrolyte with a certain proportion, cleaning with clear water, and then putting into an oven for drying. In this step, the electrolyte is a conventional NaTESi electrolyte (i.e., naOH 7.5M/L, na) 2 SiO 3 ·9H 2 O 0.05M/L、Na 2 C 4 H 4 O 6 ·2H 2 O0.33M/L, EDTA0.07M/L). Graphite or titanium alloy which is not required to be treated is used as a cathode, the titanium alloy which is required to be treated is used as an anode, the anodic oxidation process is carried out at room temperature, and the voltage is kept atAbout 10V, the time should be controlled to about 20 min.
S4: and (3) carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the titanium alloy treated in the step (S3). In the step, the annealing treatment process is started from room temperature, heated to 500 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, then kept for 15min, and finally cooled along with the furnace. The titanium alloy after the treatment is finished is required to be subjected to subsequent spraying and curing operations within 24 hours so as to avoid failure of the surface treatment of the titanium alloy.
S5: and (3) spraying a layer of resin film on the surface of the titanium alloy treated in the step (S4). In the step, the resin film is formed by uniformly spraying a solution of a structural adhesive film on the surface of the titanium alloy under high pressure, wherein the solvent is dichloromethane, and the structural adhesive film is J272 adhesive film. The spraying density is controlled at 40g/m 2 The spray pressure was controlled at about 1.6bar. And after spraying and drying, the titanium alloy is paved and solidified immediately or is reasonably preserved, so that dust and impurities are prevented from falling on the surface of the titanium alloy.
S6: and (3) laying and pre-compacting the titanium alloy and the carbon fiber prepreg treated in the step (S5) according to the layering sequence of [ Ti/0/90/Ti/0/90/Ti/90/0/Ti/90/0/Ti ], and forming after hot pressing and curing to obtain the fiber metal laminated plate, wherein Ti represents the TA2 titanium alloy, 0 represents the single-layer carbon fiber prepreg with the fiber along the 0-degree direction, and 90 represents the single-layer carbon fiber prepreg with the fiber along the 90-degree direction. In the step, the equipment for hot press solidification is an autoclave. The hot pressing process is started from room temperature, heated to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then is kept for 60min, then is continuously heated to 120 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, then is kept for 120min, finally is cooled to room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, and the whole pressure is kept at about 6.6bar.
S7: and (3) testing a short beam shearing sample processed by the prepared fiber metal laminated plate, wherein the interlayer shearing strength is 53.8MPa. In the step, the thickness of the fiber metal laminated board is 2.8mm, the length and width are determined to be 22 multiplied by 12mm according to the standard GB/T35100-2018, and a short beam shearing sample is obtained after wire cutting processing. The sample length direction is the fiber metal laminate outermost layer CFRP along the 0 ° fiber direction.
S8: and after the short beam shearing sample is subjected to damp heat treatment, short beam shearing test is carried out again, and the interlayer shearing strength is 42.5MPa. In the step, the wet heat treatment equipment is a water bath kettle, the conditions are 80 ℃, the humidity is 100%, and the final moisture absorption rate after the moisture removal amount changes twice continuously and is less than 0.02% is 0.26%. The sample test standard, size, processing mode and direction are the same as S7.
The following takes the surface treatment preparation process as an example to demonstrate the specific technical effects of the present invention. In the embodiment, anodic oxidation improvement operation is carried out on the surface of the titanium alloy, and an SEM image of the surface appearance of the treated titanium alloy is shown in figure 1, so that the construction of the network flocculent nano structure can be seen; the AFM image of the surface of the treated titanium alloy is shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen that the surface of the titanium alloy forms a plurality of synapses, which effectively enhance the mechanical adhesion between the titanium alloy and the resin, and the adhesion strength between the metal and the resin is enhanced, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding force. From the short beam shear test, the interlayer shear strength of the fiber metal laminated plate prepared by the improved anodic oxidation method of the invention is improved by 23.6% compared with the laminated plate without any treatment (namely comparative example 1) of the titanium alloy, and is also improved by 14.8% and 3.4% compared with the mechanically treated sand blasting method (namely comparative example 2) and the traditional NaTESi anodic oxidation method (namely comparative example 3), and the results are shown in figure 3.
The change in moisture absorption rate of the fiber metal laminate in examples and comparative examples is shown in fig. 4, and after the wet heat treatment, although the samples manufactured in this example were highest in terms of moisture absorption rate, this was mainly because the network flocculent nano-structure provides more space for water. The presence of this structure still effectively bonded the titanium alloy and resin interface and thus exhibited better weatherability, with 42% higher interlaminar shear strength after treatment than the untreated sample, as shown in fig. 5.
In summary, the invention provides a preparation method of a fiber metal laminated plate for improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance, and the constructed network flocculent nano structure not only can uniformly and effectively improve the interfacial binding force of the fiber metal laminated plate, enhance the interlayer shear strength, but also can improve the weather resistance of the fiber metal laminated plate.
The above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a fiber metal laminated plate for improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing anodic oxidation treatment on the pretreated titanium alloy by using electrolyte, cleaning and drying; carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the titanium alloy subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, and then spraying a layer of resin film on the surface of the titanium alloy; laying and pre-compacting titanium alloy and carbon fiber prepreg according to the laying sequence of [ M/P/M/P/M/…/P/M ], and forming after hot-pressing and curing to obtain a fiber metal laminated plate; wherein M represents a titanium alloy, and P represents a single-layer or multi-layer carbon fiber prepreg.
2. The method for preparing the fiber metal laminated board with improved interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is a mixed solution of ammonium fluoride, deionized water and ethylene glycol in a mass ratio of 1:5:94.
3. The method for producing a fiber metal laminate for improving interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment of the titanium alloy is as follows:
firstly mechanically polishing the titanium alloy, removing oil stains on the surface, cleaning and drying; and then the surface of the titanium alloy is pickled to remove the surface oxide film, and the titanium alloy is cleaned and dried.
4. The method for producing a fiber metal laminate sheet having improved interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance according to claim 3, wherein the pickling solution used in the pickling process is a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3, and the pickling time is 40s.
5. The method for producing a fiber metal laminate for improving interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance according to claim 1, wherein the voltage is 30V and the treatment time is 5min during the anodic oxidation treatment.
6. The method for producing a fiber metal laminate for improving interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance according to claim 1, wherein in the stress relief annealing treatment, the fiber metal laminate is heated to 500 ℃ from room temperature at a rate of 5 ℃/min, then is heat-preserved for 15min, and finally is cooled with a furnace.
7. The method for producing a fiber metal laminate sheet for improving interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance according to claim 1, wherein the resin film is formed by spraying a solution of a structural adhesive film on a titanium alloy surface.
8. The method for producing a fiber metal laminate for improving interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance according to claim 7, wherein said spray density is 40g/m 2 The spraying pressure was 1.6bar.
9. The method for manufacturing a fiber metal laminate for improving interlaminar shear strength and weatherability according to claim 1, wherein in the hot pressing process, the temperature is kept for 60min after heating to 80 ℃ at a speed of 0.5 ℃/min from room temperature, the temperature is kept for 120min after heating to 120 ℃ at a speed of 0.5 ℃/min, and finally the temperature is lowered to room temperature at a speed of 1.5 ℃/min, and the whole-course pressure is kept at 6.6bar.
10. A fiber metal laminate having improved interlaminar shear strength and weather resistance obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202311561081.8A 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 Fiber metal laminated plate capable of improving interlayer shear strength and weather resistance and preparation method thereof Pending CN117507550A (en)

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