CN117500767A - 包含螺纹成型螺钉和固化的含铝酸盐无机化合物的紧固装置 - Google Patents
包含螺纹成型螺钉和固化的含铝酸盐无机化合物的紧固装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117500767A CN117500767A CN202280039994.0A CN202280039994A CN117500767A CN 117500767 A CN117500767 A CN 117500767A CN 202280039994 A CN202280039994 A CN 202280039994A CN 117500767 A CN117500767 A CN 117500767A
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- Prior art keywords
- component
- fastening device
- acid
- aluminate
- screw
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- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 alkali metal salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011411 calcium sulfoaluminate cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940100555 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical class [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002310 Welan gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NSC2=C1 DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- RKGLUDFWIKNKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;sulfate;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RKGLUDFWIKNKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC=CC1=O BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JPMIIZHYYWMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octhilinone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1SC=CC1=O JPMIIZHYYWMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical class [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- PBJZAYSKNIIHMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;oxirane Chemical class C1CO1.CCOC(N)=O PBJZAYSKNIIHMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGIYRDNGCNKGJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazolinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CSN1 MGIYRDNGCNKGJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKPJKVVZOOEMPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;formate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C=O XKPJKVVZOOEMPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102220050130 rs187015338 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种紧固装置，所述紧固装置包含螺钉，所述螺钉具有杆和至少一个螺纹螺旋，所述螺纹螺旋布置在所述杆上，并且所述紧固装置包含固化化合物，所述螺钉布置在基材中的孔中，并且所述杆和所述孔壁之间设有间隙，该间隙填充有固化的含铝酸盐无机化合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种紧固装置，所述紧固装置包含螺纹成型螺钉和固化的含铝酸盐无机化合物，所述螺纹成型螺钉布置在基材中的孔中，特别是在矿物建筑材料诸如混凝土中的孔中，并且所述螺钉的杆和所述孔壁之间设有间隙，该间隙填充有固化的含铝酸盐无机化合物。
背景技术
从EP 0 623 759 B1已知一种用于拧入硬质基材中的螺纹成型螺钉。从EP 1 536149 A2已知一种具有自切螺纹的内螺纹套筒。US 4,350,464 A公开了一种可以凭借敲击来凝固的锚杆，所述锚杆在作为主体的杆上具有自攻螺纹。
已知解决方案的缺点在于，由于基材的特性以及用于形成孔的工具的类型和条件，螺钉主体组分的外表面与孔壁之间的环形间隙的大小在紧固点间可能变化很大。此外，高负载会作用在由螺纹在基材中形成的咬边上，这会导致所形成的紧固点部分失效，或者在最极端的情况下会导致紧固点完全失效。为了避免这种情况并实现高的承载能力，这种螺纹成型螺钉，特别是混凝土螺钉，具有相对长的螺纹在基材中的夹持长度；然而，这需要大量努力来使对应螺钉凝固。
此外，在安装过程中未与化学粘结剂粘结的常规混凝土螺钉由于沿着螺钉/混凝土边界表面的裂缝和空穴而导致不良粘结。这种不良粘结导致低负载值并允许腐蚀性化学品诸如氯化物的渗透。
从DE 198 20 671 A1、DE 103 11 471 A1或DE 10 2006 000 414 A1已知一种螺纹成型螺钉，该螺纹成型螺钉凝固在预先填充有可固化化合物的钻孔中。在可固化化合物固化之后，该螺钉的螺纹锚固在基材和化合物中。
已知的可固化化合物，诸如从DE 10002605 A1已知的基于环氧树脂的双组分砂浆或从DE 3514031 A1已知的基于可自由基固化化合物的双组分砂浆，具有高填料含量，这在固化化合物具有足够的内部强度时确保高粘度和低收缩行为。
根据DE 198 20 671 A1的解决方案的另一个缺点在于，螺钉的主体的外表面与钻孔壁之间的环形间隙必须足够大，以便除了低粘度化合物外，还可以使用含有填料的可固化化合物。为了完全填充该环形间隙，因此需要大量的可固化化合物。
已知用于其他紧固元件诸如锚杆等的筒式系统，诸如从EP 0 431 302 A2、EP 0432 087 A1、EP 0 312 776 A1或EP 0 638 705 A1已知的那些筒式系统，由于非常小的环形间隙，不适合与螺纹成型螺钉一起使用，因为这些筒式系统要么包含太粗粒度的填料，要么无法使用传统的螺纹成型螺钉将筒压碎，或者筒本身产生的颗粒即使在粉碎时也过大。由于在此应用中在螺钉被固定之前只能旋转几圈螺钉，因此必须确保可固化化合物快速混合以使其可靠固化，这在以前用已知化合物是不可能的。
常规的有机粘结剂体系，诸如树脂，可以加强螺钉和混凝土之间的粘结，但是这种效果在升高的温度下丧失。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种紧固装置，该紧固装置特别容易且安全地形成，并且利用该紧固装置能够有效且可靠地紧固螺纹成型螺钉，特别是加强粘结，从而导致负载值的增加，该负载值也在高使用温度下以及在火灾情况下保持。
根据本发明，该目的通过具有权利要求1的特征结构的紧固装置来实现。优选的实施方案在从属权利要求中给出。
根据本发明的紧固装置的特征在于，所述固化化合物可以通过使多组分水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系固化来获得，所述多组分水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系在一种组分中含有在水相中的至少一种含铝酸盐水泥成分以及选自由磷酸、偏磷酸、亚磷酸、次膦酸和硼酸组成的组的至少一种阻滞剂，并且在另一种组分中含有用于所述含铝酸盐水泥成分的引发剂。
在根据本发明的紧固装置中使用的多组分水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系在一种组分(也称为含铝组分)中含有在水相中的至少一种含铝酸盐水泥成分以及选自由磷酸、偏磷酸、亚磷酸、次膦酸和硼酸组成的组的至少一种阻滞剂，并且在另一种组分(也称为引发剂组分)中含有用于所述含铝酸盐水泥的引发剂。
含铝酸盐组分和引发剂组分被包装以便在空间上彼此分离，直到使用水泥质无机体系，使得仅当这两种组分彼此接触时才发生反应。
这两种组分通常被包装在薄膜袋中，并且可作为并列系统或作为袋包袋系统使用。然而，一般而言，任何包装和包装形式都是可能的，其中两种组分彼此分开包装，并且其可以通过使螺纹成型螺钉凝固而容易地打开并通过螺钉磨碎。
含铝酸盐组分含有含铝酸盐水泥成分，所述含铝酸盐水泥成分基于在水相中的铝酸钙水泥(CAC)或者在水相中的硫铝酸钙水泥(CAS)。可以用于本发明中的含铝酸盐水泥成分的特征在于，特别是含有铝酸钙的水泥成分的特征在于，快速凝固和固化、当与硫酸钙混合时快速干燥和收缩补偿、以及优异的耐腐蚀性和耐收缩性。适合用于本发明中的此类铝酸钙水泥是例如White(Imerys,France)。
当含铝酸盐组分包含含铝水泥(CAC)和硫酸钙(CaSO4)的混合物时，在水合过程中发生快速的钙矾石形成。在混凝土化学中，通过使铝酸钙与硫酸钙反应来形成铝酸三硫酸六钙水合物，从而导致快速凝固和固化，以及收缩补偿或甚至膨胀。收缩补偿可以通过适度增加硫酸盐含量来实现。
含铝酸盐组分包含基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计至少约40重量％，优选地至少约50重量％，更优选地至少约60重量％，最优选地至少约70重量％，约40重量％至约95重量％，优选地约50重量％至约90重量％，更优选地约65重量％至约85重量％，最优选地约70重量％至约80重量％的含铝水泥。
另选地，含铝酸盐组分可以包含基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计至少约20重量％，优选地至少约30重量％，更优选地至少约40重量％，最优选地至少约50重量％，约20重量％至约80重量％，优选地约30重量％至约70重量％，更优选地约35重量％至约60重量％，最优选地约40重量％至约55重量％的含铝水泥，以及基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计至少约5重量％，优选地至少约10重量％，更优选地至少约15重量％，最优选地至少约20重量％，约1重量％至约50重量％，优选地约5重量％至约40重量％，更优选地约10重量％至约30重量％，最优选地约15重量％至约25重量％的硫酸钙，优选地硫酸钙半水合物。
含铝酸盐组分中所含有的阻滞剂选自由以下组成的组：磷酸、偏磷酸、亚磷酸、次膦酸和硼酸，优选地为磷酸或偏磷酸，最优选地为磷酸，特别是85％磷酸水溶液。含铝酸盐组分包含基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计至少约0.1重量％，优选地至少约0.3重量％，更优选地至少约0.4重量％，最优选地至少约0.5重量％，约0.1重量％至约20重量％，优选地约0.1重量％至约15重量％，更优选地约0.1重量％至约10重量％，最优选地约0.3重量％至约10重量％的阻滞剂。在优选的实施方案中，含铝酸盐组分包含基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计约0.3重量％至约10重量％的85重量％磷酸水溶液。
含铝酸盐组分可以含有增塑剂。合适的增塑剂是本领域技术人员已知的并且可以例如选自具有低分子量(LMW)的聚丙烯酸聚合物、来自聚膦酸酯聚氧乙烯和聚碳酸酯聚氧乙烯家族的超增塑剂、以及来自聚羧酸醚基的乙基丙烯酸超增塑剂、以及它们的混合物，例如EthacrylTMG(Coatex,Arkema Group,France)、AcumerTM1051(Rohm and Haas,UK)或-20HE(Sika,Germany)。合适的增塑剂是可商购获得的产品。含铝酸盐组分可以包含基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计至少约0.2重量％，优选地至少约0.3重量％，更优选地至少约0.4重量％，最优选地约0.5重量％，约0.2重量％至约20重量％，优选地约0.3重量％至约15重量％，更优选地约0.4重量％至约10重量％，最优选地约0.5重量％至约5重量％的增塑剂。
在有利的实施方案中，含铝酸盐组分可以进一步包含单独或组合的以下特征。
含铝酸盐组分可以另外包含增稠剂。可以使用的增稠剂是本领域技术人员已知的并且可以选自由以下组成的组：有机产品，诸如黄原胶、威兰胶(welan gum)或gum(CPKelko,USA)、衍生自淀粉的醚、衍生自瓜尔豆的醚、聚丙烯酰胺、角叉菜胶、琼、和矿物产品，诸如粘土，以及有机产品和矿物产品的混合物。合适的增稠剂是可商购获得的产品。含铝酸盐组分可以包含基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计至少约0.01重量％，优选地至少约0.1重量％，更优选地至少约0.2重量％，最优选地至少约0.3重量％，约0.01重量％至约10重量％，优选地约0.1重量％至约5重量％，更优选地约0.2重量％至约1重量％，最优选地约0.3重量％至约0.7重量％的增稠剂。
含铝酸盐组分还可以包含抗细菌剂或杀生物剂。抗细菌剂或杀生物剂可以选自由异噻唑啉酮家族的化合物组成的组，诸如甲基异噻唑啉酮(MIT)、辛基异噻唑啉酮(OIT)和苯并异噻唑啉酮(BIT)以及它们的混合物。合适的抗细菌剂或杀生物剂是可商购获得的产品。作为示例给出了Ecocid K35R(Progiven,France)和Nuospet OB 03(Ashland,theNetherlands)。含铝酸盐组分可以包含基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计至少约0.001重量％，优选地至少约0.005重量％，更优选地至少约0.01重量％，最优选地至少约0.015重量％，约0.001重量％至约1.5重量％，优选地约0.005重量％至约0.1重量％，更优选地约0.01重量％至约0.075重量％，最优选地约0.015重量％至约0.03重量％的抗细菌剂或杀生物剂。
含铝酸盐组分还可以包含至少一种填料，特别是有机或矿物填料。填料可以选自由以下组成的组：石英粉，优选地平均晶粒度(d50％)为约16μm的石英粉、石英砂、粘土、飞灰、石英尘、碳酸盐化合物、颜料、氧化钛、轻质填料以及它们的混合物。合适的矿物填料是可商购获得的产品。作为示例给出了石英粉Millisil W12或W6(Quarzwerke GmbH,Germany)。含铝酸盐组分可以包含基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计至少约1重量％，优选地至少约2重量％，更优选地至少约5重量％，最优选地至少约8重量％，约1重量％至约50重量％，优选地约2重量％至约40重量％，更优选地约5重量％至约30重量％，最优选地约8重量％至约20重量％的至少一种填料。
基于含铝酸盐组分的总重量计，含铝酸盐组分中所含有的水含量为至少约1重量％，优选地至少约5重量％，更优选地至少约10重量％，最优选地至少约20重量％，约1重量％至约50重量％，优选地约5重量％至约40重量％，更优选地约10重量％至约30重量％，最优选地约15重量％至约25重量％。
增塑剂、增稠剂以及抗细菌剂或杀生物剂的存在不会改变水泥质组分的总体无机性质。
含铝酸盐组分存在于水相中，优选地以浆料或糊料的形式存在。
本发明的引发剂组分包含用于含铝酸盐水泥成分的引发剂。
引发剂组分中存在的引发剂由活化剂组分和促进剂组分组成，该引发剂组分包含碱金属盐和/或碱土金属盐的混合物。
特别地，活化剂组分包含选自由以下组成的组的至少一种碱金属盐和/或碱土金属盐：氢氧化物、氯化物、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、磷酸一氢盐、磷酸二氢盐、硝酸盐、碳酸盐、以及它们的混合物；优选地，活化剂组分为碱金属盐和/或碱土金属盐，更优选地，其为钙金属盐诸如氢氧化钙、硫酸钙、碳酸钙或磷酸钙，钠金属盐诸如氢氧化钠、硫酸钠、碳酸钠或磷酸钠，钾金属盐诸如氢氧化钾、硫酸钾、碳酸钾或磷酸钾，或锂金属盐诸如氢氢氧化锂、硫酸锂、碳酸锂或磷酸锂，最优选地，其为氢氧化钠。
引发剂组分包含基于引发剂组分的总重量计至少约0.01重量％，优选地至少约0.02重量％，更优选地至少约0.05重量％，最优选地至少约1重量％，约0.01重量％至约40重量％，优选地约0.02重量％至约35重量％，更优选地约0.05重量％至约30重量％，最优选地约1重量％至约25重量％的活化剂。
基于引发剂组分的总重量计，引发剂组分中所含有的水含量为至少约1重量％，优选地至少约5重量％，更优选地至少约10重量％，最优选地至少约20重量％，约1重量％至约60重量％，优选地约5重量％至约50重量％，更优选地约10重量％至约40重量％，最优选地约15重量％至约30重量％。
促进剂组分包含选自由以下组成的组的至少一种碱金属盐和/或碱土金属盐：氢氧化物、氯化物、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、磷酸一氢盐、磷酸二氢盐、硝酸盐、氮化物、碳酸盐、以及它们的混合物；优选地，促进剂组分为碱金属盐和/或碱土金属盐，还优选地，其为水溶性碱金属盐和/或碱土金属盐，更优选地，其为钙金属盐诸如氢氧化钙、硫酸钙、碳酸钙、氯化钙、甲酸钙或磷酸钙，钠金属盐诸如氢氧化钠、硫酸钠、碳酸钠、氯化钠、甲酸钠或磷酸钠，或锂金属盐诸如氢氧化锂、硫酸锂、硫酸锂一水合物、碳酸锂、氯化锂、甲酸锂或磷酸锂，最优选地，其为硫酸锂或硫酸锂一水合物。
引发剂组分包含基于引发剂组分的总重量计至少约0.01重量％，优选地至少约0.05重量％，更优选地至少约0.1重量％，最优选地至少约1.0重量％，约0.01重量％至约25重量％，优选地约0.05重量％至约20重量％，更优选地约0.1重量％至约15重量％，最优选地约1.0重量％至约10重量％的促进剂。
在特别优选的实施方案中，活化剂组分包含碱金属氢氧化物并且促进剂组分包含锂盐。在甚至更优选的实施方案中，活化剂组分是氢氧化钠并且促进剂组分是硫酸锂。
引发剂组分还可以含有至少一种缓凝剂。为了确保足够的工作时间，除了引发剂组分外，可以以特定浓度使用防止砂浆组合物过早固化的至少一种缓凝剂。
根据本发明的引发剂组分中所含有的至少一种缓凝剂选自由以下组成的组：柠檬酸、酒石酸、乳酸、水杨酸、葡糖酸以及它们的混合物；其优选地为柠檬酸和酒石酸的混合物。引发剂组分包含基于引发剂组分的总重量计至少约0.1重量％，优选地至少约0.2重量％，更优选地至少约0.5重量％，最优选地至少约1.0重量％，约0.1重量％至约25重量％，优选地约0.2重量％至约15重量％，更优选地约0.5重量％至约15重量％，最优选地约1.0重量％至约10重量％的缓凝剂。在特别优选的引发剂组分实施方案中，柠檬酸/酒石酸之比为1.6/1。
引发剂组分还可以含有至少一种矿物填料。至少一种矿物填料可以选自例如石灰石填料或石英填料、石英砂、砂、刚玉碎石、砾石、卵石以及它们的混合物；石灰石填料诸如各种碳酸钙是优选的。如果填料存在于引发剂组分中，则碳酸钙或碳酸钙混合物是最优选的。引发剂组分可以包含基于引发剂组分的总重量计至少约20重量％，优选地至少约25重量％，更优选地至少约30重量％，还更优选地至少约35重量％，最优选地至少约40重量％，约20重量％至约95重量％，优选地约25重量％至约90重量％，更优选地约30重量％至约85重量％，还更优选地约35重量％至约80重量％，最优选地约40重量％至约75重量％的至少一种矿物填料。选择至少一种矿物填料以具有与含铝水泥的粒度互补的粒度。
在有利的实施方案中，引发剂组分还可以包含单独或组合的以下特征。
引发剂组分可以另外包含增稠剂。增稠剂可以选自由以下组成的组：膨润土、二氧化硅、石英、基于丙烯酸酯的增稠剂，诸如碱溶性或碱溶胀性乳液、石英尘、粘土和钛酸盐螯合剂。给出的示例是聚乙烯醇(PVA)；疏水改性的碱溶性乳液(HASE)；本领域中已知为HEUR的疏水改性的环氧乙烷氨基甲酸酯聚合物；以及纤维素增稠剂，诸如羟甲基纤维素(HMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、疏水改性的羟乙基纤维素(HMHEC)、羧甲基纤维素钠(SCMC)、羧甲基-2-羟乙基纤维素钠、2-羟丙基甲基纤维素、2-羟乙基甲基纤维素、2-羟丁基甲基纤维素、2-羟乙基乙基纤维素、2-羟丙基纤维素；绿坡缕石粘土以及它们的混合物。合适的增稠剂是可商购获得的产品，诸如Optigel WX(BYK-Chemie GmbH,Germany)、Rheolate 1(ElementisGmbH,Germany)和Acrysol ASE-60(The Dow Chemical Company)。
引发剂组分可以包含基于引发剂组分的总重量计至少约0.01重量％，优选地至少约0.05重量％，更优选地至少约0.1重量％，最优选地至少约0.3重量％，约0.01重量％至约15重量％，优选地约0.05重量％至约10重量％，更优选地约0.1重量％至约5重量％，最优选地约0.3重量％至约1重量％的增稠剂。
缓凝剂和增稠剂的存在不会改变水泥质引发剂组分的总体无机性质。也可以任选地存在分散剂(增塑剂)。此类分散剂是本领域技术人员已知的。
包含引发剂的引发剂组分存在于水相中，优选地以浆料或糊料的形式存在。
优选的是，引发剂组分的pH高于10，更优选地高于11，并且最优选地高于12，特别是在10和14之间，优选地在11和13之间的范围内。特别优选的是，选择两种组分(即组分A和引发剂组分)中水的比例，使得通过混合组分A和B获得的产物中的水与含铝水泥之比(W/CAC)或者水与硫铝酸钙水泥之比(W/CAS)小于1.5，优选地在0.3和1.2之间，最优选地在0.4和1.0之间。
含铝酸盐组分可以如下制备：将含磷的阻滞剂与水混合，使得所得混合物的pH为约2。任选地加入增塑剂并使混合物均质化。将含铝水泥、任选地硫酸钙和任选地矿物填料预混合并逐渐加入到混合物中，同时提高搅拌速度，使得所得混合物的pH为约4。最后，如果需要，将增稠剂和抗微生物剂/杀生物剂加入并混合直至混合物完全均质化。
引发剂组分可以如下制备：将促进剂溶解在活化剂的水溶液中，任选地接着后续加入缓凝剂和分散剂并使混合物均质化。然后可以逐渐加入一种或多种填料，同时提高搅拌速度直至混合物均质化。最后，可以最后加入增稠剂直至混合物完全均质化。
含铝酸盐组分和引发剂组分处于水相中，优选地以浆料或糊料的形式，更优选地以水悬浮液的形式。特别地，含铝酸盐组分和引发剂组分根据它们的相应组成而具有浆糊至流体的外观。在优选的实施方案中，含铝酸盐组分和引发剂组分为水悬浮液的形式，从而防止在混合两种组分时凝固。
含铝酸盐组分和引发剂组分之间的重量比优选地在10/1和1/1之间，并且优选地为3/1。混合物的组成优选地包括75重量％的含铝酸盐组分和25重量％的引发剂组分。在另选的实施方案中，混合物的组成包括88重量％的含铝酸盐组分和12重量％的引发剂组分。
在混合两种组分后，水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系具有至少5分钟，优选地至少10分钟，更优选地至少15分钟，最优选地至少20分钟，特别是在约5至25分钟范围内，优选地在约10至20分钟范围内的初始凝固时间。
在根据本发明的紧固装置中使用的螺钉可以是例如螺纹成型螺钉，诸如混凝土螺钉等。
术语“螺纹成型螺钉”应被理解为包括“螺纹攻丝螺钉”以及“螺纹切削螺钉”两者，所述螺纹攻丝螺钉在没有切削的情况下攻丝其配合螺纹，周围的材料被固化并且还形成螺母螺纹，所述螺纹切削螺钉切削其配合螺纹并且其主要被拧入预钻孔，特别是盲孔中。
螺纹成型螺钉特别可以理解为具有杆和螺纹的螺钉，所述螺纹具有螺纹外径和螺纹螺距。特别地，螺纹外径与螺纹螺距之比在1.0至2.0，优选地在1.2至1.6，并且更优选地在1.2至1.45的范围内。通常，螺旋和轴由一种材料制成并且是一体的。另选地，螺旋和轴也可以由不同的材料组成。
根据本发明的紧固装置与孔中的螺纹成型螺钉一起使用。
孔可以是天然或非天然来源的凹槽，即裂缝、裂隙、钻孔等。这些通常是盲孔或钻孔，特别是在各种基材中的钻孔，特别是诸如基于混凝土、加气混凝土、砖砌、石灰石、砂岩、天然石、玻璃等的那些矿物建筑材料或基材，以及诸如由钢制成的那些金属基材。基材优选地为混凝土。
当将螺纹成型螺钉置于基材中的预制孔中时，螺纹的螺旋接合在基材中的配合螺纹中，该配合螺纹在拧入螺钉时在基材中形成螺钉。特别地，螺旋不完全地接合在基材中的配合螺纹中，使得在螺钉杆和孔壁之间保留足够大的间隙，该间隙可以填充有可固化化合物。
根据本发明的紧固装置是通过在基材中形成孔，引入多组分水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系，并且使螺纹成型螺钉凝固来形成的。
例如，紧固装置可以是通过在混凝土组分中钻出盲孔，以双室体系，特别是双室袋体系的形式引入多组分水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系，并且使螺纹成型螺钉以旋转方式凝固来形成的。通过在凝固过程中转动螺钉，双室体系被破坏，即被打开，并且水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系的各组分被混合。将混合物压入盲孔壁和螺钉之间的间隙中并在那里固化以形成固化化合物。双室体系的包装被磨碎或至少被压碎。即使包装不被磨碎而是仅被压碎，这也不会影响紧固装置的性能。
特别地，紧固装置将用于紧固目的，包括在高于室温的温度下或在升高的温度(例如高于80℃)下增加负载能力，和/或在固化时增加粘结强度。升高的耐温性导致用于紧固目的的更好性能，甚至在更高的温度下，诸如在暴露于强烈阳光的立面紧固件的钻孔区域中存在的温度或另外升高的温度。
以下实施例示出了本发明，但不因此限制本发明。
实施例：
1.含铝酸盐组分和引发剂组分的制备
含铝酸盐组分以及引发剂组分最初是通过分别混合表1和2中所指定的成分而制备的。给出的比例以重量％表示。
表1：含铝酸盐组分A1的组成：
| 含铝酸盐组分的成分 | 组分A1 |
| 水 | 17.17 |
| Ternal White | 80.30 |
| 85％H3PO4 | 0.91 |
| 葡糖酸钠 | 0.20 |
| 黄原胶 | 0.50 |
| Ethacryl G | 0.90 |
| Nuosept | 0.02 |
表2：引发剂组分B1和B2的组成：
| 引发剂组分的成分 | 引发剂组分B1 | 引发剂组分B2 |
| 水 | 16.50 | 40.26 |
| NaOH(s) | 4.00 | 9.76 |
| Li2SO4 | 0.43 | 1.05 |
| 柠檬酸 | 3.50 | 8.54 |
| 酒石酸 | 2.20 | 5.37 |
| Ecodis P50 | 0.65 | 1.59 |
| 石英F32 | 32.27 | 0.00 |
| 刚玉70 | 17.53 | 0.00 |
| Omyacarb 130 | 9.22 | 0.00 |
| Omyabrite 1300 X-OM | 13.30 | 32.45 |
| Optigel WX | 0.40 | 0.98 |
2.混合比
表3：水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系的各种组分的混合比
3.机械性能的测定
在制备后，将两种组分以组分A:B的规定比混合并填充到硬塑料筒中。将硬塑料筒置于分配器中，并将待固化的化合物注入混凝土板的孔中。孔具有150mm的深度以及14mm的直径。在注入砂浆之前，凭借压缩空气清洁和刷洗来清洁孔。然后将具有锥形螺旋的混凝土螺钉插入每个孔中。在24小时固化之后测量拔出强度，以便测量砂浆改善钢元件在混凝土中的锚固的能力。作为参考，使用类似的清洁程序，但没有预先注入任何砂浆，将相同的混凝土螺钉安装在类似尺寸的孔中。表4中列出了拔出测试的结果。
表4：具有和不具有水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系的混凝土螺钉的拔出值(以kN计)
| 拔出测试 | 螺钉 | 螺钉和砂浆1 | 螺钉和砂浆2 |
| 拔出值(以kN计) | 55.15 | 76.92 | 92.38 |
通过将水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系与混凝土螺钉一起使用(在实施例中为螺旋锚(混凝土螺钉)HUS3,Hilti,Germany)，该粘结被加强，从而导致负载值的增加，由于砂浆的主要无机成分，该负载值也可以在高的使用温度下和在火灾情况下保持。
这些结果还表明，如果必要的话，通过加入添加剂诸如氢氧化钠可以容易地储存和活化的水泥质含铝酸盐无机体系可以显著地改善混凝土中的混凝土螺钉的负载值。此外，使用具有低填充水平的引发剂组分和仅细填料导致混凝土螺钉的更容易凝固并且以非常小的分散增加负载值。
Claims (15)
1.一种紧固装置，
-包含螺钉，所述螺钉具有杆和至少一个螺纹螺旋，所述螺纹螺旋布置在所述杆上，并且
-包含含铝酸盐无机固化化合物，
所述螺钉布置在基材中的孔中，并且所述杆和所述孔壁之间设有间隙，所述间隙填充有所述固化化合物，
其特征在于，
所述含铝酸盐无机固化化合物可以通过使多组分水泥质体系固化来获得，所述多组分水泥质体系在一种组分中含有在水相中的至少一种含铝酸盐水泥成分以及选自由磷酸、偏磷酸、亚磷酸、次膦酸和硼酸组成的组的至少一种阻滞剂，并且在另一种组分中含有用于所述含铝酸盐水泥成分的引发剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述引发剂包含碱金属盐和/或碱土金属盐的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述引发剂由活化剂组分和促进剂组分组成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的紧固装置，其中所述活化剂组分包含碱金属氢氧化物并且所述促进剂组分包含锂盐。
5.根据权利要求4所述的紧固装置，其中所述活化剂组分是氢氧化钠并且所述促进剂组分是硫酸锂。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述另一种组分含有缓凝剂，所述缓凝剂选自由以下组成的组：柠檬酸、酒石酸、乳酸、水杨酸和葡糖酸以及它们的混合物，优选地为柠檬酸、酒石酸或它们的混合物。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述另一种组分含有至少一种矿物填料，所述至少一种矿物填料选自由以下组成的组：石灰石填料、砂、刚玉、白云石、耐碱玻璃、碎石、砾石、卵石以及它们的混合物。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述含铝酸盐水泥成分基于在水相中的铝酸钙水泥(CA)或者基于在水相中的硫铝酸钙水泥(CAS)。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述另一种组分的pH超过10。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述含铝酸盐组分还包含增塑剂。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述含铝酸盐组分和所述另一种组分为水悬浮液的形式。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述基材是矿物建筑材料，特别是混凝土。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述螺纹螺旋接合在所述基材中的配合螺纹中。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述螺纹螺旋具有螺纹外径和螺纹螺距，所述螺纹外径与所述螺纹螺距之比在1.0至2.0，优选地在1.2至1.6的范围内。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的紧固装置，其特征在于，所述螺钉是混凝土螺钉。
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| EP21184423.8A EP4116275A1 (de) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Befestigungsanordnung mit einer gewindeformenden schraube und einer ausgehärteten aluminathaltigen anorganischen masse |
| PCT/EP2022/067027 WO2023280570A1 (de) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-06-22 | Befestigungsanordnung mit einer gewindeformenden schraube und einer ausgehärteten aluminathaltigen anorganischen masse |
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| US4350464A (en) | 1980-09-15 | 1982-09-21 | Brothers Richard L | Anchor bolt for concrete |
| DE3514031A1 (de) | 1985-04-18 | 1986-10-23 | Hilti Ag, Schaan | Haftmittel auf acrylatharzbasis und deren verwendung zu verankerungen |
| DE3735592A1 (de) | 1987-10-21 | 1989-05-11 | Hilti Ag | Verfahren zur befestigung von ankerstangen |
| DE3940138A1 (de) | 1989-12-05 | 1991-06-06 | Hilti Ag | Verwendung haertbarer cycloaliphaten-derivate in duebelmassen |
| DE3940309A1 (de) | 1989-12-06 | 1991-06-13 | Hilti Ag | Moertelmasse |
| EP0638705B1 (en) | 1993-03-01 | 2001-06-20 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Anchor bolt fixing capsule |
| ATE119248T1 (de) | 1993-05-04 | 1995-03-15 | Hettich Ludwig Schraubenfab | Gewindeformende schraube. |
| DE19820671A1 (de) | 1998-05-08 | 1999-11-11 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Selbstschneidende Schraube zum Einsatz in Vollbaustoffen |
| DE10002605C2 (de) | 2000-01-21 | 2002-06-20 | Hilti Ag | Härtbare Zwei-Komponenten-Mörtelmasse und deren Verwendung |
| DE10311471A1 (de) | 2003-03-15 | 2004-09-23 | Fischerwerke Artur Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gewindeformende Schraube für Untergründe aus harten Vollbaustoffen |
| EP1536149A3 (de) | 2003-11-28 | 2008-07-23 | Pama Reiter Stefan | Befestigungselement |
| JP4508156B2 (ja) | 2005-08-24 | 2010-07-21 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料供給装置 |
| ES2743556T3 (es) * | 2015-10-20 | 2020-02-19 | Hilti Ag | Sistema de mortero de dos componentes basado en cemento aluminoso y uso del mismo |
| EP3805180A1 (de) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-14 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Befestigungsanordnung mit einer gewindeformenden schraube und einer ausgehärteten masse |
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| KR20240032734A (ko) | 2024-03-12 |
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