CN117498025B - High-low frequency antenna pair of mutual decoupling - Google Patents
High-low frequency antenna pair of mutual decoupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN117498025B CN117498025B CN202311721239.3A CN202311721239A CN117498025B CN 117498025 B CN117498025 B CN 117498025B CN 202311721239 A CN202311721239 A CN 202311721239A CN 117498025 B CN117498025 B CN 117498025B
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-low frequency antenna pair with decoupling, which belongs to the field of antennas and comprises the following components: at least one pair of high frequency antennas, low frequency parasitic decoupling antennas, and a large floor, wherein the high frequency antennas, the low frequency parasitic decoupling antennas stand vertically on the large floor; and controlling amplitude phase relation among the high-frequency antennas based on the low-frequency parasitic decoupling antennas, and realizing mutual decoupling of the high-frequency antennas based on the amplitude phase relation. The invention improves the isolation between antennas in a limited space without introducing an additional decoupling structure, is suitable for decoupling a multi-antenna system in a compact environment, has expansibility, and can be popularized and applied to more and other frequency bands.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a high-low frequency antenna pair with mutual decoupling.
Background
With the progress and development of wireless communication technology, wireless communication is integrated into daily work, study and life of people like air, and is not perceived well but is ubiquitous and indispensable, and the communication requirement for huge data amount is still needed to be solved. According to shannon's formula, in the conventional single-transmission single-reception system, under the condition of limited spectrum resources, the channel capacity cannot be simply increased by increasing the bandwidth without limitation.
The MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) Multiple antenna system is different from the traditional single-transmission single-reception system, and adopts Multiple pairs of receiving and transmitting antennas to simultaneously receive and transmit signals, so that the channel capacity is greatly improved by fully utilizing the limited electromagnetic space, the wireless communication quality is effectively improved, the capacity and the spectrum utilization rate of the communication system are improved, and the multipath space multiplexing gain and diversity gain formed by Multiple receiving and transmitting antennas can be utilized to inhibit the channel fading, thereby improving the stability and the reliability of the MIMO antenna system.
And the number of antennas required is increasing, whether at the base station or terminal side of the communication system. In the 5G age, the number of base station antenna elements has proliferated to 128 to 192. Meanwhile, there have been proposed a maximum of ten thousand antenna elements in the millimeter wave band. Meanwhile, at the terminal side, the number of antennas in the recently released flagship 5G mobile phone breaks through twenty, wherein the number of 5G antennas occupies fourteen. This is to ensure that the antenna headroom remains unchanged, and the isolation between the units can be satisfactory with an ever increasing number of antennas.
In the prior art, the following defects exist: under the condition of narrower and narrower antenna clearance, terminal equipment needs to support more communication frequency bands and MIMO multi-antenna systems, serious coupling can be generated between adjacent antennas working in the same frequency band, and the communication quality of the whole radio frequency system is affected; in a terminal with a small headroom, there is insufficient space to introduce additional decoupling structures to improve isolation between adjacent antennas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-low frequency antenna pair with decoupling, which can improve the isolation between multi-band MIMO multi-antenna systems by utilizing the self structure of the antenna, saves only little remaining antenna clearance and solves the technical problems in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pair of high and low frequency antennas decoupled from each other, including:
At least one pair of high frequency antennas, low frequency parasitic decoupling antennas, and a large floor, wherein the high frequency antennas, the low frequency parasitic decoupling antennas stand vertically on the large floor;
And controlling amplitude phase relation among the high-frequency antennas based on the low-frequency parasitic decoupling antennas, and realizing mutual decoupling of the high-frequency antennas based on the amplitude phase relation.
Preferably, the low frequency parasitic decoupling antenna is located on the central axis of symmetry of the high frequency antenna and is offset along the central axis of symmetry.
Preferably, the low frequency parasitic decoupling antenna comprises: hollow metal round platform and inside contour metal column.
Preferably, the thickness of the bottom surface of the shell of the hollow metal round table is designed by the S scattering parameter of the low-frequency parasitic decoupling antenna.
Preferably, the broadening of the matching frequency band of the antenna is realized by optimizing the coupling strength between the inner radius of the hollow metal round table and the inner contour metal column and the thickness of the bottom surface of the shell of the hollow metal round table.
Preferably, a single-ended opening gap is etched on the shell of the hollow metal round table.
Preferably, the single-end opening slits are distributed at symmetrical positions on the shell of the hollow metal round table.
Preferably, the inner contour metal post is connected with the feed ports of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency parasitic decoupling antenna.
Preferably, the total length of the high frequency antenna and the low frequency parasitic decoupling antenna is one quarter wavelength of the working center frequency.
Preferably, the radius of the large floor is much larger than a quarter wavelength of the lowest operating frequency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
the invention provides a high-low frequency antenna pair with decoupling, which is characterized in that two antennas to be decoupled working in a higher frequency band and a parasitic antenna working in a lower frequency are arranged on a floor which is similar to an infinite floor, the low frequency antenna can realize low frequency resonance, the isolation between the two high frequency antennas can be improved from 10dB to 20dB, the matching bandwidth of the antennas can be effectively expanded, and the radiation performance of the coupled antennas can be improved. The isolation between antennas is improved in a limited space, an additional decoupling structure is not required to be introduced, and the decoupling structure is suitable for decoupling a multi-antenna system in a compact environment, has expansibility and can be popularized and applied to more and other frequency bands.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pair of mutually decoupled high-frequency and low-frequency antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of labeling dimension parameters of a high-frequency and low-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of labeling the size parameters of the corresponding high-frequency and low-frequency antenna under the loose Megtron4_r5725g board according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of S parameters before and after decoupling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing calculated phase versus frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a simulated vector current distribution diagram of 3.5GHz before and after decoupling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the overall efficiency of the simulation before and after decoupling as a function of frequency for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the correlation coefficient of the simulation envelope before and after decoupling and the change of the frequency according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of E-plane and H-plane of simulated radiation patterns of low frequency antennas before and after decoupling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of E-plane and H-plane of simulated radiation patterns of a high-frequency antenna before and after decoupling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a combination example of a complex plurality of antenna pairs according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a diagram of the open slot profile on a decoupled parasitic antenna housing of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of low-frequency band and medium-frequency band of a complex multi-antenna pair according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 shows the reflection coefficients of the high frequency band of a complex plurality of antenna pairs according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 shows transmission coefficients of high frequency bands of a complex plurality of antenna pairs according to an embodiment of the present invention;
The antenna comprises a 1-low frequency decoupling antenna, a 2-first high frequency antenna, a 3-second high frequency antenna, a 4-large floor, 5-coupling, 6-original coupling, 7-low frequency decoupling parasitic antenna metal shell, 8-low frequency antenna intermediate feeder, 9-high frequency antenna metal shell, 10-high frequency antenna intermediate feeder, 11-intermediate frequency antenna metal shell and 12-intermediate frequency antenna intermediate feeder.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
Example 1
In the multi-antenna system, the coupling between other high-frequency antennas is restrained by utilizing the originally existing low-frequency antennas, and an additional decoupling structure is not needed, so that a large amount of antenna headroom is saved, and the radiation performance of the original antennas is enhanced.
In this embodiment, a high-frequency and low-frequency antenna pair decoupled from each other is provided, including:
at least one pair of antennas to be decoupled coupled at high frequency, for example a simple cylindrical antenna, of length about one quarter wavelength;
A low frequency parasitic decoupling antenna divided into two main parts: a hollow through metal round table shell with a certain thickness and a metal cylinder filled in the shell are used as feeder lines;
An equivalent infinite floor, independent of the antenna, having a radius greater than a maximum quarter wavelength;
Wherein the antenna to be decoupled and the low-frequency parasitic decoupling antenna are vertically erected on the floor, and the feed points are positioned below the cylindrical radiator.
The scattering parameters between the two high-frequency coupling antennas after the low-frequency decoupling antennas are inserted are analyzed, the structure of the outer radius of the lower bottom surface of the low-frequency antenna and the relative positions between the low-frequency antenna and the two high-frequency antennas are adjusted, the deduced amplitude phase relation formula is met, and the aim of improving the isolation between the two high-frequency antennas is fulfilled. Wherein in the formulaAnd (3) withRefers to the additional coupling that is introduced,Refers to the reflection coefficient of the parasitic antenna introduced,Refers to the calculated decoupled on-channel coupling.
In order to optimize the matching of the parasitic antenna at low frequency, a structure of a hollow round table shell and a metal column feed is adopted, and the hollow round table shell can provide an additional energy coupling path, and the broadening of the matching frequency band of the antenna is realized by optimizing the coupling strength between the inner radius of the round table shell and the internal metal column and the thickness of the metal shell.
The single-opening slots with a certain number of quarter wavelengths corresponding to the frequency bands can be etched at the symmetrical positions of the circular truncated cone shell, further improvement of isolation between antennas is achieved, and an additional parasitic structure is introduced, so that the matching bandwidth of the antennas is expanded.
As shown in fig. 1, by adjusting the self structure of the low-frequency decoupling antenna 1 between the two high-frequency antennas 2,3 and the relative position with respect to the high-frequency antennas on the approximately infinite floor 4, the low-frequency antenna 1 not only has a resonance point at low frequency, but also can utilize the coupling 5 existing between itself and the different-frequency antennas in the high-frequency band and the original coupling 6 of the high-frequency band, and the isolation between the high-frequency antennas can be improved by at least 10 dB.
Fig. 2 shows, as a simple example thereof, 7 a metal case of a low-frequency decoupling parasitic antenna, 8 an intermediate feeder of a low-frequency antenna, 9a metal case of a high-frequency antenna, and 10 an intermediate feeder of a high-frequency antenna.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3, the center-to-center distance between two high-frequency antennas is D1, and the low-frequency parasitic antenna is offset by a distance D2 at the center line of the two high-frequency coupled antennas. The antenna system is designed to follow the basic structure of the antenna shown in fig. 3 in high and low frequency, the length of the antenna is L, the lower radius of the center feed round table of the antenna is R1, the upper radius is R4, the distance from the bottom of the feed round table to the inner diameter of the round table shell is R2, the distance from the bottom of the feed round table to the outer diameter is R3, the distance from the top of the feed round table to the outer diameter of the round table shell is R5, and the inner diameter is tightly attached to the feed round table.
As shown in fig. 4, the dielectric of the entire antenna floor is loose Megtron4_r5725G and the dielectric constant is 4.1. The length of the low-frequency antenna is L1, the lower radius of the central feeding circular truncated cone of the antenna is R11, the upper radius is R41, the distance from the bottom of the feeding circular truncated cone to the inner diameter of the circular truncated cone shell is R21, the distance from the bottom of the feeding circular truncated cone to the outer diameter of the circular truncated cone shell is R31, and the distance from the top of the feeding circular truncated cone to the outer diameter of the circular truncated cone shell is R51. The length of the high-frequency antenna is L2, the lower radius of the central feeding circular truncated cone of the antenna is R12, the upper radius is R42, the distance from the bottom of the feeding circular truncated cone to the inner diameter of the circular truncated cone shell is R22, the distance from the bottom of the feeding circular truncated cone to the outer diameter of the circular truncated cone shell is R32, and the distance from the top of the feeding circular truncated cone to the outer diameter of the circular truncated cone shell is R52. The specific corresponding parameters are as follows:
D1＝20,F1＝7,L1＝32,R11＝1.8,R41＝1.8,R21＝0.7,R31＝1.2,R51＝2,L2＝23.5,R12＝1.2,R42＝1.2,R22＝0.8,R32＝1.8,R52＝1.4( Units: millimeter).
Fig. 5 is an S-scattering parameter of the antenna system shown in fig. 2, the low frequency covers the 2.4G band, and a considerable increase in isolation of the high frequency antenna, about 10dB at 3.5GHz, can be seen.
Fig. 6 is a phase analysis of the multiple antennas of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 at a high frequency band, using phase parameter fitting of the low frequency antennas to couple phases between the high frequency antennas, the closer the fitting, the better the decoupling effect.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the distribution of vector currents of the multi-antenna system of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 at high frequency 3.5GHz, and it can be found that in the case of exciting only the antenna 1, the rest of the antennas are connected to a matching load, and by comparing the left and right pictures before and after decoupling, the current coupled to the antenna 2 can be found to be small.
Fig. 8 is the overall efficiency calculated for the embodiment shown in fig. 2. It can be found that the overall efficiency is substantially greater than 80%.
Fig. 9 shows the Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) before and after decoupling calculated by the embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is smaller than 0.01 in the corresponding frequency band, and meets the general engineering requirements.
Fig. 10 is a radiation pattern of the E-plane and the H-plane before and after decoupling of the low frequency antenna in the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 11 is a radiation pattern of the E-plane and the H-plane before and after decoupling of the high frequency antenna in the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 12 is another more complex form of embodiment of the invention. A total of 7 antennas operate in three different frequency bands, respectively. 1 is a low frequency antenna operating in the 2.4G frequency band, 2 is two intermediate frequency antennas operating in the N78 frequency band, and 3 is four high frequency antennas covering the N79 frequency band.
Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the distribution of the open slots on the decoupling parasitic antenna housing, symmetrically distributed on the symmetry axis of the two antennas to be decoupled, the length is about a quarter wavelength of the corresponding decoupling frequency band, the number of the open slots is increased to increase the decoupling effect, and the matching bandwidth of the coupled antennas is optimized by changing the included angle between the different slots, and the specific corresponding parameters are as follows:
l1=16.4, l2=15.9, l2=10.1, c1=1.8, c2=2.16 (unit: millimeter (mm)
Fig. 14 is S-scattering parameters of the antenna system shown in fig. 12 at low and intermediate frequencies, the low frequency covering the 2.4G band and increasing isolation of the intermediate frequency antenna at the N78 band.
Fig. 15 is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the antenna system of fig. 12 before and after high frequency decoupling, the high frequency covering the N79 frequency band, widening the matching bandwidth of the high frequency antenna by using an intermediate frequency antenna and a single-ended open slot.
Fig. 16 is a graph of the transmission coefficients of the antenna system of fig. 12 before and after high frequency decoupling, the high frequency covering the N79 frequency band, the isolation between the two couplings being improved by using an intermediate frequency antenna and a single ended open slot.
In this embodiment, the high-low frequency decoupling antenna pair can be well applied to a multi-antenna MIMO communication system.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A pair of high and low frequency antennas decoupled from each other, comprising:
At least one pair of high frequency antennas, low frequency parasitic decoupling antennas, and a large floor, wherein the high frequency antennas, the low frequency parasitic decoupling antennas stand vertically on the large floor;
controlling amplitude phase relation between the high-frequency antennas based on the low-frequency parasitic decoupling antennas, and realizing mutual decoupling of the high-frequency antennas based on the amplitude phase relation;
The low frequency parasitic decoupling antenna comprises: a hollow metal round table and an inner equal-height metal column;
the thickness of the bottom surface of the shell of the hollow metal round table is designed by the S scattering parameter of the low-frequency parasitic decoupling antenna;
the broadening of the matching frequency band of the antenna is realized by optimizing the coupling strength between the inner radius of the hollow metal round table and the inner contour metal column and the thickness of the bottom surface of the shell of the hollow metal round table.
2. A pair of mutually decoupled high and low frequency antennas according to claim 1 characterized in that,
The low frequency parasitic decoupling antenna is located on the central axis of symmetry of the high frequency antenna and is offset along the central axis of symmetry.
3. The pair of mutually decoupled high and low frequency antennas of claim 1, wherein a single-ended open slot is etched in the outer shell of the hollow metal cone.
4. A pair of mutually decoupled high and low frequency antennas according to claim 3, characterized in that the single-ended open slots are distributed in symmetrical positions on the outer shell of the hollow metal cone.
5. The pair of mutually decoupled high and low frequency antennas of claim 1, wherein the inner contour is connected to feed ports of the high frequency antenna, the low frequency parasitic decoupling antenna.
6. The pair of mutually decoupled high and low frequency antennas of claim 1, wherein the total length of the high frequency antenna and the low frequency parasitic decoupling antenna is one quarter wavelength of the center frequency of the operating bandwidth of the low frequency antenna.
7. The pair of mutually decoupled high and low frequency antennas of claim 1, wherein the radius of the large floor is substantially greater than one quarter wavelength of the center frequency of the operating bandwidth of the low frequency antenna.
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| CN202311721239.3A CN117498025B (en) | 2023-12-14 | 2023-12-14 | High-low frequency antenna pair of mutual decoupling |
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| KR20150081179A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-07-13 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Multi-channel mimo antenna apparatus using monopole or dipole antenna |
| US10498030B2 (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2019-12-03 | Intel IP Corporation | Frequency reconfigurable antenna decoupling for wireless communication |
| CN207353451U (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-11 | 昆山立讯射频科技有限公司 | Multiband aerial |
| CN110911839B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-11-03 | 北京邮电大学 | 5G dual-band high-isolation dual-port common-ground monopole antenna |
| CN113078465B (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2023-03-31 | 电子科技大学 | Dual-port ultra-wideband MIMO antenna capable of realizing wideband decoupling |
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