CN117497904A - Immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid - Google Patents

Immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117497904A
CN117497904A CN202311504303.2A CN202311504303A CN117497904A CN 117497904 A CN117497904 A CN 117497904A CN 202311504303 A CN202311504303 A CN 202311504303A CN 117497904 A CN117497904 A CN 117497904A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
phase
change fluid
cavity
box body
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Pending
Application number
CN202311504303.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴东灵
丁文武
雷宪章
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Tianfu New Energy Research Institute
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Tianfu New Energy Research Institute
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Priority to CN202311504303.2A priority Critical patent/CN117497904A/en
Publication of CN117497904A publication Critical patent/CN117497904A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid, which is provided with a battery box body and a battery core arranged in the battery box body, wherein the battery core is connected with an external circuit through a circuit structure for charge and discharge; the battery box body is internally provided with a cavity for placing the battery core, and the cavity is filled with a phase-change fluid material wrapping the battery core; the battery box body is internally provided with a circulating system communicated with the cavity, and the circulating system drives the phase-change fluid material in the cavity to circularly flow between the cavity and the circulating system; the battery core is provided with a metal conductor exposed out of the cavity, the circuit structure is connected through the metal conductor, and the sealing structure in the cavity prevents the phase change fluid material from contacting with the metal conductor.

Description

Immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation, and particularly relates to an immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid.
Background
Under the target prospect of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, the existing energy structure is gradually transited from fossil energy to clean energy. Clean energy is often limited by time and space, and in order to overcome this problem, the industry of energy storage batteries, mainly lithium batteries, is rapidly developing. The lithium battery can generate heat in the charge and discharge process, and the heat dissipation is not timely, so that the temperature of the battery is increased, the performance and the service life of the battery are further affected, and even safety accidents are caused. In addition, the low temperature environment may cause the activity of the battery to decrease, thereby affecting the normal use of the battery. In order to ensure the normal operation and safety of the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery needs to be subjected to temperature control treatment such as high-temperature heat dissipation, low-temperature heat preservation and the like.
The existing heat dissipation technology for the battery module in the market mainly comprises air cooling, liquid cooling and combined cooling of the air cooling and the liquid cooling. In addition, there is a heat-dissipating cooling technology combined with a Phase Change Material (PCM), for example, chinese patent CN116435653a discloses a power battery module based on a PCM absorber plate, the PCM absorber plate is provided with a plurality of sleeve structures, a cylindrical battery is arranged on the PCM absorber plate through the sleeve structures, and the temperature of the battery is reduced through melting and absorbing heat of the phase change material; the heating strip is arranged at the bottom of the PCM heat absorbing plate, is provided with holes and sleeved around the sleeve, and is used for heating the battery pack at low temperature; the drainage fan is arranged at the head part or the tail part of the PCM heat absorption plate and is used for carrying out air cooling heat dissipation on the battery pack and the PCM heat absorption plate.
The air cooling has the advantages of low cost, simple system structure, convenient maintenance and the like, but the specific heat capacity and the heat conductivity coefficient of the air are low, and the use requirement of the battery cannot be met only by air cooling along with the improvement of the energy density of the battery. The liquid cooling has the advantages of high cooling speed and high cooling efficiency, but has higher requirements on the system tightness and the cooling liquid property, and is not easy to install and maintain. The battery cooling technology based on the phase-change material can reduce the temperature difference between the local hot spot of the battery and the battery, but because the phase-change material has poor heat conduction, the heat release of the phase-change material after absorbing heat can not influence the system operation in time, so that a heat exchange device is additionally added for the phase-change material, and the structure is more complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the immersed battery box based on the phase-change fluid, and the temperature of a battery core in the battery box is controlled through a circulating phase-change flow structure, so that a more uniform temperature control effect is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid, which is provided with a battery box body and a battery core arranged in the battery box body, wherein the battery core is connected with an external circuit through a circuit structure for charge and discharge;
the battery box body is internally provided with a cavity for placing the battery core, and the cavity is filled with a phase-change fluid material wrapping the battery core;
the battery box body is internally provided with a circulating system communicated with the cavity, and the circulating system drives the phase-change fluid material in the cavity to circularly flow between the cavity and the circulating system;
the battery core is provided with a metal conductor exposed out of the cavity, the circuit structure is connected through the metal conductor, and the sealing structure in the cavity prevents the phase change fluid material from contacting with the metal conductor.
With reference to the first aspect, the present invention provides a first implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the circulation system includes a phase-change fluid buffer box, a pumping liquid inlet pipe and a pumping liquid outlet pipe;
one end of the pumping liquid inlet pipe and one end of the pumping liquid outlet pipe are both communicated with the phase-change fluid buffer box, and the other end of the pumping liquid inlet pipe and one end of the pumping liquid outlet pipe are both communicated with the cavity;
the phase-change fluid buffer box is provided with a pushing pump, and phase-change fluid materials in the phase-change fluid buffer box are pushed into the cavity through a pumping liquid inlet pipe by the pushing pump.
With reference to the first implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a second implementation manner of the first aspect, where the battery case has a plurality of battery unit modules, and the battery unit modules have independent cases and are arranged in the battery case at intervals side by side;
the battery cells are a plurality of independent battery bodies and are equally arranged in each battery unit module, and each battery unit module is internally provided with a cavity filled with phase change fluid materials;
the pumping liquid inlet pipe is provided with a plurality of branch liquid inlet pipes, and each battery unit module is communicated through the branch liquid inlet pipes;
the pumping liquid outlet pipe is provided with a plurality of branch liquid inlet pipes which are communicated with each battery unit module.
With reference to the second implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a third implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the battery unit module is divided into a plurality of cavities by a flow guide plate, and each cavity is internally provided with an independent battery body;
a deflector arranged between two adjacent cavities is provided with a deflector hole, and a plurality of cavities are sequentially communicated through the deflector hole;
the branch liquid inlet pipe and the branch liquid outlet pipe are respectively connected to two ends of the cavities, and phase-change fluid materials flowing in from the branch liquid inlet pipe flow through all the cavities of the single battery unit module sequentially through the diversion holes and then flow out from the branch liquid outlet pipe.
With reference to the third implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the flow guiding holes on two adjacent flow guiding plates have a distance in the gravity direction.
With reference to the several embodiments of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fifth embodiment of the first aspect, where the battery unit modules are in an elongated structure, and cavities in a single battery unit module are arranged side by side and equidistant along the length direction of the battery unit module;
the battery box body is internally provided with a plurality of battery unit modules which are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction, and an air duct formed in the battery box body by the fan modules extends along the length direction of the battery unit modules.
With reference to the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, where the phase-change fluid buffer box has a strip structure, and is disposed in a gap with any battery cell module on the outside, and wind blown by the fan module passes through a surface of the phase-change fluid buffer box.
With reference to the sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a seventh implementation manner of the first aspect, where the surface of the phase-change fluid buffer box has fins.
With reference to the sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides an eighth implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein an electric heating module is disposed in the phase change fluid buffer box or on the battery cell module.
With reference to the several embodiments of the first aspect, the present invention provides a ninth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the battery case body has a housing, and the housing has a hollowed-out board thereon.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the invention, the battery core can be completely coated by the circulating immersion type heat dissipation structure based on the phase-change fluid material, the temperature of the battery core can be ensured to be basically the same as the temperature of the coated phase-change fluid material through the material characteristics of the battery core, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher, so that the temperature of the battery core is controlled to be always at the optimal working temperature through other external structures, and the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery is improved;
(2) The invention also carries out replacement of the phase-change fluid material in the cavity where the battery core is positioned by arranging the phase-change fluid buffer box structure and the two pipelines, so that the temperature of the phase-change fluid material wrapping the battery core can be controlled, and meanwhile, when the battery core generates rapid heat, the high-efficiency heat transfer effect is realized by continuously flowing the phase-change fluid material, and the situation that the temperature in the whole cavity is uncontrollable due to the fact that the temperature in the whole cavity is increased after the phase-change fluid material in the same cavity is rapidly conducted is avoided;
(3) According to the invention, the battery cell modules and the independent cavity structures in the battery cell modules are arranged, so that on the premise of ensuring that each battery cell has a good wrapping effect, the condition that other battery cells arranged in the same battery cell module are influenced due to the fact that a single battery cell fails can be avoided, and a better circulating effect of the phase-change fluid material is realized by cooperation of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an external structure of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal perspective of a battery cell module in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic top sectional structure of a battery cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of a battery cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-battery box body, a 2-phase-change fluid buffer box, a 21-pumping liquid inlet pipe, a 22-pumping liquid outlet pipe, a 210-branch liquid inlet pipe, a 220-branch liquid outlet pipe, a 211-electric control valve, a 221-one-way valve, a 3-battery unit module, a 31-battery core, a 32-deflector, a 320-deflector hole, a 33-phase-change fluid immersion area and a 4-auxiliary heating module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, if the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship that a product of the application conventionally puts in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description of the present application, if any, are used for distinguishing between the descriptions and not necessarily for indicating or implying a relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like in the description of the present application, if any, do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
Example 1:
the embodiment discloses an immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid, which is provided with a battery box body 1 and a battery core 31 arranged in the battery box body 1, wherein the battery core 31 is connected with an external circuit for charge and discharge through a circuit structure.
The battery box 1 is an external shell structure for placing the battery core 31, has a plurality of embodiments, and mainly has the functions of fixing and limiting the battery core 31, having a certain volume inside, selecting corresponding materials and external structures according to requirements, and adjusting parameters such as wall thickness of the shell.
The battery cell 31 has several embodiments as a common battery structure, including a common 18650 independent cylindrical battery cell structure, or other battery structures, and has a structural feature of having a positive and a negative conductor, and is connected to an external circuit for charging and discharging. At least one independent battery cell 31 is arranged in the battery box 1, and a circuit for controlling the charge and discharge, including a cable-connected circuit or a printed PCB circuit, is arranged in the battery box 1 for realizing the charge and discharge management of a plurality of battery cells 31.
As a feature different from the prior art, the battery case 1 has a cavity therein for placing the battery cell 31, and the cavity is filled with a phase change fluid material wrapping the battery cell 31; the battery box body 1 is internally provided with a circulating system communicated with the cavity, and the circulating system drives the phase-change fluid material in the cavity to circularly flow between the cavity and the circulating system; the battery cell 31 has a metal conductor exposed outside the cavity, namely, the above-described conductor, but is not limited to a metal material, and the metal conductor is the object of the description in this embodiment. The circuit structure is connected through the metal conductor, and the sealing structure in the cavity prevents the phase change fluid material from contacting the metal conductor.
Preferably, the phase change fluid material is an inorganic material that can be pushed by a pump, is liquid at normal temperature, and is a liquid formed by dispersing an emulsifier in a base liquid.
Specifically, the phase change material is one or more of aliphatic hydrocarbon (n-hexadecane, n-octadecane, paraffin, etc.), fatty acid and esters thereof (stearic acid, palmitic acid, etc.), crystalline hydrated salt (Na2SO4.10H O, mn (NO 3) 2.6H2O, etc.), and polymer (polyethylene glycol, etc.), and the base liquid is deionized water or cooling oil with good insulation, etc.
The phase-change fluid material is characterized by higher heat conduction efficiency, can be in contact with the outer surface of the battery core 31 for rapid heat exchange, and can uniformly conduct heat out and raise temperature through the phase-change fluid material no matter where the main heating position of the battery core 31 is, because the battery core 31 is wrapped in a large area in the circumferential direction.
Further, describing the circulation system, the circulation system in this embodiment has a phase-change fluid buffer box 2, that is, a container with a certain volume, and the phase-change fluid buffer box 2 is communicated with the cavity through two lines, that is, a pumping liquid inlet pipe 21 and a pumping liquid outlet pipe 22. The two tube structures have the same structural characteristics, and are distinguished only by the flow direction of the phase change fluid material relative to the cavity.
The circulation system is internally provided with a power mechanism, and the phase-change fluid material in the phase-change fluid buffer box 2 is continuously fed into the cavity by the power mechanism, and meanwhile, the phase-change fluid material in the cavity is also fed back into the phase-change fluid buffer box 2. Due to the circulation line structure, it is preferable that a push pump is provided in the phase-change fluid buffer box 2, and at least one push pump is provided near the pumping liquid inlet pipe 21 or the pumping liquid outlet pipe 22, so as to provide power for the phase-change fluid material to perform directional circulation.
Preferably, a push pump structure may be disposed on each of the pumping inlet pipe 21 and the pumping outlet pipe 22, and the push pump structure is controlled by the control module, and in this manner, other detection sensors such as a temperature sensor that can be cooperatively disposed may also obtain temperatures in the corresponding cavity or in the external environment, so that more effects can be achieved through speed difference adjustment of the two push pumps, which is not limited in this embodiment.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, parameters such as the size of the whole battery case 1 are not limited, but the push pump is used as a power mechanism of an internal circulation system, and may be similar to a water cooling system in an existing desktop computer, and the liquid circulation in an internal sealing state is formed by adopting an existing push pump structure and principles. Meanwhile, other pushing pump structures and position designs can be adopted, so long as the phase-change fluid buffer box 2, two pipelines and the phase-change fluid materials in the cavity can be directionally moved.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to 5, a plurality of battery cell modules 3 as independent modules are arranged in the battery case 1, and the battery cell modules 3 have independent housings and are arranged in the battery case 1 at intervals side by side; the battery cells 31 are a plurality of independent battery bodies and are equally arranged in each battery unit module 3, and the battery unit modules 3 are internally provided with cavities filled with phase change fluid materials; the pumping liquid inlet pipe 21 is provided with a plurality of branch liquid inlet pipes 210, and each battery unit module 3 is communicated through the branch liquid inlet pipe 210; the pumping outlet pipe 22 is provided with a plurality of branch inlet pipes 210, and each battery unit module 3 is communicated with the branch outlet pipe 220.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the inside of the battery cell module 3 is divided into a plurality of chambers by a baffle 32, and each chamber is provided with an independent battery body; a deflector 32 between two adjacent cavities is provided with a deflector hole 320, and a plurality of cavities are sequentially communicated through the deflector hole 320; the branch liquid inlet pipe 210 and the branch liquid outlet pipe 220 are respectively connected to both ends of the plurality of chambers, and the phase change fluid material flowing in from the branch liquid inlet pipe 210 flows through all chambers of the single battery cell module 3 sequentially through the guide holes 320 and then flows out from the branch liquid outlet pipe 220.
Wherein, the diversion holes 320 on two adjacent diversion plates 32 have a spacing in the gravity direction. Referring to fig. 5, arrows in the drawing indicate the flow direction of the phase change fluid material in the battery cell module 3, and it can be seen that the flow guide holes 320 are disposed to intersect up and down on the adjacent two separators. The arrangement mode can slow down the flow rate of the phase-change fluid material in each cavity, thereby ensuring that the phase-change fluid material can push and replace each cavity, increasing the contact time and improving the heat exchange efficiency, and being applicable to the temperature control of the equipment with slower and continuous heating of the battery core 31.
In this embodiment, the flow rate of the push pump is controlled by the control module, the temperature sensor is arranged in the corresponding cavity and the external environment, and the optimal temperature range of the battery core 31 is set, if the temperature is higher, the flow rate of the push pump can be increased, and the heat exchange amount is increased to control the temperature change. If the temperature change is not large, the push pump can be reduced, even the push pump is closed, and the temperature is kept in an optimal interval.
If the temperature is continuously reduced below the optimal temperature interval, the temperature can be increased by heating the phase-change fluid material through the heating module.
As an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, an electric heating module is provided to the battery cell module 3. The electric heating module is a patch type metal heating device, one is arranged on each battery unit module 3, and the battery unit module is started according to temperature through a control module. In some embodiments, the electric heating module may also be directly disposed in the phase-change fluid buffer box 2, and the temperature in the battery cell module 3 is circularly raised by pushing the pump, so as to keep the battery cell 31 in an optimal temperature interval.
As an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the battery cell modules 3 are of an elongated structure, and the cavities within the individual battery cell modules 3 are arranged side by side at equal intervals along the length direction of the battery cell module 3; the battery cell modules 3 are fixed in the battery box 1 in an equidistant arrangement along the width direction, a fan module is arranged in the battery box 1, and an air channel formed in the battery box 1 by the fan module extends along the length direction of the battery cell modules 3.
The phase-change fluid buffer box 2 is of a strip-shaped structure and is arranged with any battery unit module 3 on the outer side in a clearance mode, and wind blown out by the fan module passes through the surface of the phase-change fluid buffer box 2. The surface of the phase change fluid buffer box 2 is provided with fins.
Referring to fig. 1, the position where the fan module is disposed is not shown, but a case is provided outside the battery case 1, and a hollowed-out plate is provided on the case. The fan module is arranged at the position at the other side of the hollowed-out plate, and a directional air channel is formed in the battery box body 1 by blowing air into or out of the battery box body 1, and air can pass through the gap of each battery unit module 3, so that a better heat conduction effect is realized by the cooperative circulation system.
As an embodiment, in order to cope with some battery core 31 structures which may have rapid heat generation, the battery unit modules 3 are optimized in structure, and pipelines, namely an upper water distribution pipe and a lower water distribution pipe, are additionally arranged on the end surfaces of the upper long side and the lower long side of each battery unit module 3. The upper water distribution pipe has a branch pipe communicating with each phase-change fluid immersion zone 33 as a chamber from the top, and the lower water distribution pipe also has a branch pipe communicating with each phase-change fluid immersion zone 33 from the bottom. One end of the upper water distribution pipe is also communicated with a branch liquid inlet pipe 210, one end of the lower water distribution pipe is communicated with a branch liquid outlet pipe 220, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the communicated position of the two pipes and is controlled by a control module.
When the heat generated by the battery cells 31 is small and the temperature change is small, the two electromagnetic valves are closed, and the phase-change fluid material only enters from the branch liquid inlet pipe 210 and flows through each phase-change fluid immersed zone 33 in turn to flow out from the branch liquid outlet pipe 220. If the heat generated in the continuous charging and discharging process of the battery core 31 is relatively large, two electromagnetic valves can be opened, and the circulation route of the upper water distribution pipe and the lower water distribution pipe is switched, so that the phase-change fluid material does not need to pass through each phase-change fluid immersed area 33 in sequence, but flows into each phase-change immersed area at the same time to push out the phase-change fluid material with the temperature rising inside, and better heat conduction efficiency is achieved.
It should be noted that, in the flow circulation manner shown in fig. 5, since the heat productivity of each battery cell 31 is the same, even if the flow rate of the phase change fluid material is accelerated, after the phase change fluid material in the front phase change fluid immersion region 33 has been flowed into the phase change fluid immersion region 33 in the tail, the heat conduction efficiency is lower, and the heat cannot be effectively taken out, so that the heat of the battery cell 31 in the phase change fluid immersion region 33 in the tail cannot be effectively transferred and the temperature rise is faster. By switching the electromagnetic valve, the phase-change fluid material in each phase-change fluid immersion area 33 can be injected and pushed, so that the stability of the local battery core 31 is prevented from being influenced by higher temperature rise. Even though there is a diversion of the inner diversion aperture 320, the amount of transfer between phase change fluid material in adjacent phase change fluid immersion areas 33 is negligible due to the simultaneous ingress of the same amount of phase change fluid material.
It should be noted that, as the phase change fluid buffer box 2 storing a certain amount of phase change fluid material, the housing and the external environment are usually directly subjected to heat exchange, if the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, the heat dissipation can be performed by blowing air through the fan module, and the contact area is increased by the fins provided on the surface of the heat dissipation module.
As another embodiment, an electric control valve 211 is disposed on the branch liquid inlet pipe 210, and is used for controlling the liquid inlet of the phase-change fluid of each battery module unit separately, and meanwhile, the flow rate of the phase-change fluid is regulated and controlled by the push pump, so that the heat absorption capacity is matched with the heat productivity of the battery core 31, and the normal working temperature of the battery core 31 is ensured.
Phase change fluid sequentially passes through the pumping inlet pipe 21 and the branch inlet pipe 210 from the inside of the phase change fluid buffer box 2 to enter the phase change material immersed area in the battery cell module 3. A plurality of cells 31 are positioned in the phase change fluid immersion area 33 and are in direct contact with the phase change fluid, in this case the cells 31 are cylinders, in other embodiments of the invention the cells 31 may be prismatic or other shapes. After the phase-change fluid and the battery core 31 exchange heat, the phase-change fluid returns to the phase-change fluid buffer box 2 through the branch liquid outlet pipe 220 and the pumping liquid outlet pipe 22 in sequence. In this case, the pumping inlet pipe 21 and the pumping outlet pipe 22 are disposed at different sides of the battery cell module 3, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the pumping inlet pipe 21 and the pumping outlet pipe 22 may be disposed at the same side of the battery cell module 3 for ensuring the optimal heat exchange effect due to the different number and arrangement of the battery cells 31. To prevent phase change fluid from flowing back from the pump outlet pipe 22 into the phase change material immersion zone, a one-way valve 221 is provided on the branch outlet pipe 220.
The auxiliary heating module 4 is arranged on the outer surface of each battery unit module 3, the auxiliary heating module 4 directly heats the metal structure of the outer surface of the battery unit module 3 under the condition of low temperature, the phase change fluid can absorb heat through the heated metal structure, and then the heat is released to the battery core 31 by utilizing the characteristic of approximately constant temperature of the phase change material, so that the problem of nonuniform temperature caused by directly heating the battery core 31 is avoided.
When the heat productivity of the battery is large and the temperature of the battery is increased, the phase-change fluid is mainly used for radiating the heat of the battery core 31, and meanwhile, a fan is used for cooling; when the heat productivity of the battery is reduced, only the phase-change fluid or the fan is used for cooling and radiating; when the battery is low in heat productivity and the battery temperature is reduced, the auxiliary heating module 4 is started, and the phase-change fluid is used for heating the battery core 31. Meanwhile, the phase-change fluid absorbs heat and is stored in the phase-change fluid buffer box 2, when the temperature drop is not obvious or the low-temperature time is short, the latent heat of the phase-change material after absorbing heat can be utilized to heat and preserve heat of the battery core 31, and the auxiliary heating module 4 does not need to be started, so that the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the diversion holes 320 are rectangular holes distributed at intervals from top to bottom, and may be processed into circular holes in other embodiments of the present invention; in addition, the flow guiding holes 320 in this embodiment are perpendicular to the flow guiding plate 32, and the cross-sectional size of the holes is not changed, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the flow guiding holes 320 may be at a certain inclination angle with respect to the flow guiding plate 32, and may be processed into nozzle-shaped holes with a large inlet end cross-section and a small outlet end cross-section.
The invention is not limited to the alternative embodiments described above, but any person may derive other various forms of products in the light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims and the description may be used to interpret the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The immersed battery box based on the phase-change fluid comprises a battery box body (1) and a battery core (31) arranged in the battery box body (1), wherein the battery core (31) is connected with an external circuit through a circuit structure to charge and discharge; the method is characterized in that:
the battery box body (1) is internally provided with a cavity for placing the battery core (31), and the cavity is filled with a phase-change fluid material wrapping the battery core (31);
the battery box body (1) is internally provided with a circulating system communicated with the cavity, and the circulating system drives the phase-change fluid material in the cavity to circularly flow between the cavity and the circulating system;
the battery core (31) is provided with a metal conductor exposed out of the cavity, the circuit structure is connected through the metal conductor, and the sealing structure in the cavity prevents the phase change fluid material from contacting with the metal conductor.
2. The phase change fluid-based submerged battery box of claim 1, wherein: the circulating system comprises a phase-change fluid buffer box (2), a pumping liquid inlet pipe (21) and a pumping liquid outlet pipe (22);
one end of the pumping liquid inlet pipe (21) and one end of the pumping liquid outlet pipe (22) are both communicated with the phase-change fluid buffer box (2), and the other ends are both communicated with the cavity;
the phase-change fluid buffer box (2) is provided with a pushing pump, and phase-change fluid materials in the phase-change fluid buffer box (2) are pushed into the cavity through a pumping liquid inlet pipe (21) by the pushing pump.
3. The phase change fluid-based submerged battery box of claim 2, wherein: the battery box body (1) is internally provided with a plurality of battery unit modules (3), and the battery unit modules (3) are provided with independent shells and are arranged in the battery box body (1) at intervals side by side;
the battery cells (31) are a plurality of independent battery bodies and are equally arranged in each battery unit module (3), and cavities filled with phase change fluid materials are formed in the battery unit modules (3);
the pumping liquid inlet pipe (21) is provided with a plurality of branch liquid inlet pipes (210), and each battery unit module (3) is communicated through the branch liquid inlet pipe (210);
the pumping liquid outlet pipe (22) is provided with a plurality of branch liquid inlet pipes (210), and each battery unit module (3) is communicated through a branch liquid outlet pipe (220).
4. A phase change fluid based submerged battery tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: the battery unit module (3) is divided into a plurality of cavities by a guide plate (32), and an independent battery body is arranged in each cavity;
a deflector (32) between two adjacent cavities is provided with a deflector hole (320), and a plurality of cavities are sequentially communicated through the deflector hole (320);
the branch liquid inlet pipe (210) and the branch liquid outlet pipe (220) are respectively connected to two ends of the cavities, and phase-change fluid material flowing in from the branch liquid inlet pipe (210) flows through all the cavities of the single battery unit module (3) sequentially through the diversion holes (320) and then flows out from the branch liquid outlet pipe (220).
5. The phase change fluid based submerged battery chamber of claim 4, wherein: the diversion holes (320) on two adjacent diversion plates (32) have a distance in the gravity direction.
6. A phase change fluid based submerged battery compartment according to any of claims 3-5, characterized in that: the battery unit modules (3) are of strip-shaped structures, and cavities in the single battery unit modules (3) are arranged side by side at equal intervals along the length direction of the battery unit modules (3);
a plurality of battery unit modules (3) are fixed in the battery box body (1) in an equidistant arrangement along the width direction, a fan module is arranged in the battery box body (1), and an air channel formed in the battery box body (1) by the fan module extends along the length direction of the battery unit modules (3).
7. The phase change fluid based submerged battery chamber of claim 6, wherein: the phase-change fluid buffer box (2) is of a strip-shaped structure, is arranged in a gap with any battery unit module (3) on the outer side, and wind blown out by the fan module passes through the surface of the phase-change fluid buffer box (2).
8. The phase change fluid based submerged battery chamber of claim 7, wherein: the surface of the phase-change fluid buffer box (2) is provided with fins.
9. The phase change fluid based submerged battery chamber of claim 7, wherein: an electric heating module is arranged in the phase-change fluid buffer box (2) or on the battery unit module (3).
10. A phase change fluid based submerged battery compartment according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the battery box body (1) is provided with a shell outside, and the shell is provided with a hollowed-out plate.
CN202311504303.2A 2023-11-13 2023-11-13 Immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid Pending CN117497904A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311504303.2A CN117497904A (en) 2023-11-13 2023-11-13 Immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311504303.2A CN117497904A (en) 2023-11-13 2023-11-13 Immersed battery box based on phase-change fluid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117497904A true CN117497904A (en) 2024-02-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117497904A (en)

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