CN117497859B - Lithium ion battery and electrolyte thereof - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery and electrolyte thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117497859B CN117497859B CN202311811499.XA CN202311811499A CN117497859B CN 117497859 B CN117497859 B CN 117497859B CN 202311811499 A CN202311811499 A CN 202311811499A CN 117497859 B CN117497859 B CN 117497859B
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- Prior art keywords
- additive
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- electrolyte
- solvent
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 cyclic phosphite compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KBVUALKOHTZCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O KBVUALKOHTZCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XGRSAFKZAGGXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-3-cyclohexylpropanoate Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(N)C1CCCCC1 XGRSAFKZAGGXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- DVATZODUVBMYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium;iron(2+);manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Mn+2].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O DVATZODUVBMYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004711 sodium monofluorophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910011328 LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- BWUZCLFBFFQLLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(C)OC(O)=O BWUZCLFBFFQLLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCOC1 VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFJLHSIZFYNAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(F)F PFJLHSIZFYNAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- VCYZVXRKYPKDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-fluoroacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CF VCYZVXRKYPKDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMVNZNXAVJHNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)F VMVNZNXAVJHNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMKJCPUVEMZGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JMKJCPUVEMZGEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSYBYIDPNZPQLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl trifluoromethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(F)(F)F YSYBYIDPNZPQLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CDXJNCAVPFGVNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F CDXJNCAVPFGVNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BFDWBSRJQZPEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium fluorophosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(F)=O BFDWBSRJQZPEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a lithium ion battery and an electrolyte thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The additive A and the additive B are combined, so that side reactions on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be effectively inhibited, gas production is inhibited, the high-temperature cycle and storage performance of the lithium ion battery are improved, the interface film formed by the positive electrode and the negative electrode has lower impedance, and the quick charge performance of the lithium ion battery can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and relates to a lithium ion battery and electrolyte thereof.
Background
The lithium ion battery is widely applied to the fields of mobile electronic equipment, electric automobiles, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like due to the characteristics of high energy density, long service life, no memory effect and the like. With the continuous development of products powered by lithium ion batteries and the higher demands of lithium ion batteries for energy density, life and fast charge performance, etc. have been put forward.
In order to provide the energy density of lithium batteries, one tends to use high voltage and high gram capacity positive electrode materials, such as nickel cobalt aluminum ternary materials. However, the positive electrode material is easy to change phase under high temperature and high voltage to cause material decomposition, and metal ions are dissolved out and migrate to electrolyte and a negative electrode to generate side reaction after the material is decomposed, so that the internal resistance of the lithium ion battery is deteriorated, and the consumption of active lithium ions is caused; on the other hand, the anode material has stronger oxidizing property under high temperature and high voltage, and can release oxygen, so that the electrolyte is oxidized to produce gas; eventually leading to deterioration of the fast charge performance, high temperature cycle and high temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery.
Therefore, in the art, research on how to improve the performance of lithium batteries remains an important point.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a lithium ion battery and electrolyte thereof. The electrolyte provided by the invention can obviously improve the quick charge performance, high-temperature circulation and high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In one aspect, the invention provides a lithium ion battery electrolyte, which comprises an electrolyte, a solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises an additive A and an additive B, the additive A is a cyclic phosphite compound containing an alkyl silicon group, the additive B is a cyclic compound containing both a sulfonate group and a carboxylate group, the additive A is selected from compounds shown in a formula I, and the additive B is selected from compounds shown in a formula II:
Wherein A is selected from alkyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8) or alkenyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8), R 1、R2 and R 3 are independently selected from alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms (e.g., 1, 2, or 3), and R 4 and R 5 are independently selected from hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms (e.g., 1, 2, or 3).
In the invention, the combination of the additive A and the additive B can effectively inhibit side reaction on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, inhibit gas production, improve the high-temperature cycle and storage performance of the lithium ion battery, and in addition, the interface film formed on the positive electrode and the negative electrode has lower impedance, thereby improving the quick charge performance of the lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the additive A is at least one of the following compounds 1-6:
。
Preferably, the mass percentage content of the additive A in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 0.3% -4%, for example 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5% or 4%.
Preferably, the additive B is at least one of the following compounds 7-8:
。
preferably, the mass percentage content of the additive B in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 0.2% -2%, for example 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.8% or 2%.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery electrolyte further comprises an additive C, wherein the additive C is a sodium salt type additive.
In the invention, the interface film formed by the additive C on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode is a sodium salt type interface film, and has higher solubility in electrolyte, so that the interface film forms a loose structure, is more beneficial to the transmission of lithium ions, and can further improve the quick charge performance of the lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the sodium salt type additive is at least one of sodium monofluorophosphate, sodium difluorophosphate, sodium difluorooxalato borate or sodium dioxaato borate.
Preferably, the mass percentage content of the additive C in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 0.1% -1%, for example 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.8% or 1%.
Preferably, the solvent is any one or a combination of at least two of carbonate solvent, fluorocarbonate solvent, carboxylate solvent, fluorocarboxylate solvent, ether solvent and fluoroether solvent.
Preferably, the carbonate solvent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate or methyl propyl carbonate.
Preferably, the fluorocarbonate solvent includes any one or a combination of at least two of fluoroethylene carbonate, bis-fluoroethylene carbonate, methyltrifluoromethyl carbonate, methyltrifluoroethyl carbonate and bis (2, 2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate.
Preferably, the carboxylate solvent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of methyl formate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate or ethyl butyrate.
Preferably, the fluorocarboxylate solvent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of ethyl fluoroacetate, methyl trifluoroacetate, ethyl trifluoroacetate, propyl trifluoroacetate, 2-trifluoroethyl difluoroacetate, methyl pentafluoropropionate or 2, 2-difluoroethyl acetate.
Preferably, the ether solvent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of tetrahydrofuran, 1, 3-dioxane, diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether or tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of, the fluoroether solvent comprises bis (2, 2-trifluoroethyl) ether 1, 2-tetrafluoroethyl-2, 2-trifluoroethyl ether or 1, 2-tetrafluoroethyl-any one or a combination of at least two of 2, 3-tetrafluoropropyl ether.
Preferably, the electrolyte is selected from at least one of LiPF 6, liFSI, liTFSI or LiBF 4.
Preferably, the content of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 8% -18%, for example, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%.
In another aspect, the invention provides a lithium ion battery, which comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, electrolyte and a diaphragm, wherein the electrolyte is the lithium ion battery electrolyte.
Preferably, the positive electrode sheet comprises a positive electrode material, and the positive electrode material is at least one selected from nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, nickel cobalt aluminum ternary material, nickel cobalt manganese aluminum quaternary material, nickel manganese aluminum ternary material, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium iron manganese phosphate and lithium iron phosphate.
Preferably, the negative electrode tab comprises a negative electrode material including at least one of a carbon material and a silicon material.
Preferably, the carbon material is at least one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, hard carbon, or soft carbon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
In the present invention, the additive A is a cyclic phosphite compound containing an alkyl silicon group; the additive A can generate ring-opening reaction to form a stable low-impedance interface film on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode preferentially; the P element on the phosphite structure on the additive A contains a lone pair of electrons, can be combined with the metal element in the positive electrode material, and has the function of stabilizing the positive electrode material; the alkyl silicon group on the additive A can also remove substances such as water, HF, residual alkali and the like in the positive electrode material, and inhibit the corrosion of the substances to the positive electrode material and the decomposition of electrolyte. In the present invention, the additive B is a cyclic compound containing both a sulfonate group and a carboxylate group; the additive B can form a stable and compact interface film on the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes, and can effectively inhibit side reactions on the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes; the additive B is of a sulfonate structure, can be combined with oxygen release in the anode, and can inhibit oxidation of the oxygen release on the electrolyte; additive B contains both sulfonate and carboxylate groups, and the interfacial film formed by the same does not significantly increase the impedance of the lithium ion battery. According to the invention, the additive A and the additive B are added into the electrolyte to realize synergistic effect, so that side reactions on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be effectively inhibited, gas production is inhibited, high-temperature circulation and storage performance of the lithium ion battery are improved, and in addition, the interface film formed on the positive electrode and the negative electrode has lower impedance, and quick charge performance of the lithium ion battery can be improved.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.
In the embodiment of the invention, the materials used for preparing the electrolyte are as follows:
Organic solvent: ethylene Carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC);
an electrolyte: liPF 6;
Additive A: compound 1, compound 3 shown below;
additive B: compound 7 and compound 8 shown below;
additive C: sodium fluorophosphate and sodium difluorophosphate.
According to the preparation method, the electrolyte is prepared sequentially according to the following preparation methods of the embodiments 1-15:
Firstly, slowly adding lithium salt into a mixed solution of EC, DMC and EMC in a glove box, cooling the temperature in a container to room temperature, then adding an additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain the electrolyte. The mass ratio of EC, DMC and EMC in the electrolyte is EC: DMC: emc=1:1:1, electrolyte salt content in the electrolyte was 13%. The types and contents of the additives are shown in Table 1, wherein the contents of the additives are weight percentages based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
Table 1: composition of each additive of the electrolytes in examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Comparative examples 1 to 3 an electrolyte was prepared according to the following preparation method:
Firstly, slowly adding lithium salt into a mixed solution of EC, DMC and EMC in a glove box, and adding an additive after the temperature in a container is reduced to room temperature, wherein the specific composition and content of the additive are shown in Table 1, and the content of the additive is calculated as weight percentage based on the total weight of the electrolyte. After being uniformly mixed, the electrolyte is prepared; the mass ratio of EC, DMC and EMC in the electrolyte is EC: DMC: emc=1:1:1, the electrolyte salt content in the electrolyte was 13%.
Preparation of a lithium ion battery:
The electrolytes obtained in examples and comparative examples were respectively applied to lithium ion batteries prepared by the following steps:
(1) Preparation of positive plate
Mixing anode material nickel cobalt lithium manganate NCM622 (LiNi 0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2), binder (polyvinylidene fluoride) and conductive agent (conductive carbon black) according to the mass ratio of 96:2:2, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and stirring to prepare anode slurry;
And uniformly coating the anode slurry on an aluminum foil, airing the coated aluminum foil at room temperature, transferring to a 120 ℃ oven for drying for 1h, then drying at 85 ℃ for cold pressing, trimming, cutting pieces and slitting, drying at 100 ℃ for 4h under vacuum condition, and welding tab to prepare the anode sheet of the lithium ion secondary battery meeting the requirements.
(2) Preparation of negative plate
Dissolving Artificial Graphite (AG), a thickener sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solution (the proportion of a negative electrode formula is calculated according to the solid mass of CMC), a binder styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion (SBR) and a conductive agent (carbon black) in deionized water according to the mass ratio of 95:1:1.5:2.5, and uniformly mixing to prepare a negative electrode slurry;
And uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on a current collector copper foil, drying at 85 ℃ for cold pressing, trimming, cutting and splitting, drying at 110 ℃ for 4 hours under vacuum, and welding the tab to prepare the negative electrode sheet of the lithium ion secondary battery meeting the requirements.
(3) Preparation of lithium ion batteries
And winding the positive plate, the negative plate and the isolating film (PE film and 3 mu m ceramic coating) into a bare cell, then filling the bare cell into an aluminum plastic film, baking at 90 ℃ to remove water, filling corresponding electrolyte, sealing, and obtaining the lithium ion battery after the working procedures of standing, hot and cold pressing, formation, exhaust, capacity division and the like.
The lithium ion battery obtained by the method is subjected to lithium ion battery performance test, which comprises the following performance tests:
25 ℃ quick charge cycle test for lithium ion battery
Firstly, standing a lithium ion battery at 25 ℃ for 30 minutes, discharging to 2.8V at a constant current of 1 ℃ and then standing for 10 minutes; then charging to 4.25V with 2C constant current, further charging to 0.05C with 4.25V constant voltage, standing for 10min, discharging to 2.8V with 1C constant current, which is a charge-discharge cycle process, obtaining discharge capacity of C 1 of lithium ion battery, then performing 1000 charge-discharge cycles, and recording 1000 th cycle discharge capacity as C 1000.
Capacity retention (%) =c after 1000 cycles of the lithium ion battery 1000/C1
45 ℃ Cycle test of lithium ion battery
Firstly, standing a lithium ion battery at 45 ℃ for 30 minutes, discharging to 2.8V at a constant current of 1 ℃ and then standing for 10 minutes; then charging to 4.25V with 1C constant current, further charging to 0.05C with 4.25V constant voltage, standing for 10min, discharging to 2.8V with 1C constant current, which is a charge-discharge cycle process, obtaining discharge capacity of C 1 of lithium ion battery, then performing 800 charge-discharge cycles, and recording 800 th cycle discharge capacity as C 800.
Capacity retention (%) =c after 800 cycles of the lithium ion battery 800/C1
60 ℃ Storage test for lithium ion battery
Firstly, standing a lithium ion battery at 25 ℃ for 30 minutes; charging to 4.25V at a constant current of 0.5C, further charging to a current of 0.5C at a constant voltage of 4.25V; then discharging 2.8V to the lithium ion battery with a constant current of 0.5C, wherein the discharge capacity is marked as C 0s; charging to 4.25V with constant current of 0.5C, and further charging to 0.5C with constant voltage of 4.25V; finally, the volume of the cell, here the volume V 0 before storage, was measured by the drainage method. And then placing the lithium ion battery at 60 ℃ for storage for 60 days, placing the lithium ion secondary battery at 25 ℃ after storage, and testing the volume of the battery by adopting a drainage method, wherein the volume is V 60 after storage. Then discharging 2.8V to the lithium ion battery with a constant current of 0.5C; charging the lithium ion secondary battery to 4.25V with a constant current of 0.5C, and further charging the lithium ion secondary battery to 0.5C with a constant voltage of 4.25V; then, the lithium ion secondary battery was discharged to 2.8V at a constant current of 0.5C, and the discharge capacity at this time was recorded as C 60s.
Storage capacity recovery rate (%) =c 60S/C0S after 60 days of lithium ion storage;
the volume expansion rate (%) = (V 60-V0)/V0) of the lithium ion battery after 60 days of storage.
The performance test data of the lithium ion batteries of the inventive examples and comparative examples are shown in table 2.
Table 2: test results of lithium ion battery
As can be seen from comparative examples 1-3 and example 3 in Table 2, compared with the blank electrolyte without any additive, the electrolyte with only additive A and the electrolyte with only additive B, the electrolyte with lithium ion battery is added with both additive A and additive B, the discharge capacity retention rate at 25 ℃ and 45 ℃ and the storage capacity recovery rate and the volume expansion rate at 60 ℃ are improved obviously, and the electrolyte is mainly added with both additive A and additive B, which combines the low film forming resistance of additive A, the scavenging effect on water and HF, and the film forming stability of additive B and the scavenging effect on oxygen release, so that the comprehensive performance is improved obviously.
As can be seen from examples 1 to 5 in table 2, the overall performance of the lithium ion battery is improved as the additive a increases, but when the content of the additive a is too high, the cycle and storage performance are deteriorated to some extent because the additive a is poor in chemical stability due to the presence of the alkyl silicon group, and when the content of the additive a is too high, part of the additive a is chemically decomposed, and the resulting decomposition products may deteriorate the performance of the lithium ion battery, and in addition, the interface film formed with too high content is too thick, which may hinder the transmission of lithium ions.
As can be seen from examples 3 and 6-9 in table 2, the overall performance of the lithium ion battery is improved with the increase of the additive B; however, when the additive B is excessive, various performances of the lithium ion battery are deteriorated to different degrees, because when the content of the additive B is too high, the formed interface film is too thick, which can obstruct the transmission of lithium ions and can affect the capacity exertion in the cycle and storage process of the lithium ion battery.
From the results of examples 3 and 10-12 in Table 2, it can be seen that the addition of additive C based on additive A and additive B improves various properties of lithium ion battery to a certain extent, especially improves the quick charge property obviously, because the solubility of the interfacial film formed by additive C in the electrolyte, the formed interfacial film is more loose, which is more beneficial to the transmission of lithium ions; however, when the additive C is excessively contained, the cycle and storage performance of the lithium ion battery are also deteriorated to some extent, because when the additive C is excessively contained, the content of sodium ions in the electrolyte and the interface film is excessively high, which has a competitive relationship with the migration of active lithium ions, and the original lithium ion sites in the positive and negative electrode materials may be intercalated, resulting in the blocking of the transfer and intercalation of lithium ions, thereby deteriorating the performance of the lithium ion battery.
From examples 13-15 in table 2, it can be seen that different types and content combinations of the additive a, the additive B and the additive C have different effects on improving various performances of the lithium ion battery, and research and development personnel can reasonably match and use according to performance requirements of products.
The applicant states that the present invention is described with reference to the above examples as a lithium ion battery and an electrolyte thereof, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, i.e., it is not meant that the present invention must be practiced by relying on the above examples. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
Claims (6)
1. The lithium ion battery electrolyte is characterized by comprising an electrolyte, a solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises an additive A and an additive B, the additive A is a cyclic phosphite compound containing an alkyl silicon group, the additive B is a cyclic compound containing a sulfonate group and a carboxylate group at the same time, and the additive A is at least one of the following compounds 1-6:
；
；
the additive B is at least one of the following compounds 7 and 8:
；
The mass percentage content of the additive A in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 1% -4%, and the mass percentage content of the additive B in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 0.4% -2%.
2. The lithium ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1, further comprising an additive C, wherein the additive C is a sodium salt type additive;
the sodium salt type additive is at least one of sodium monofluorophosphate, sodium difluorophosphate, sodium difluorooxalato borate or sodium dioxaato borate;
The mass percentage content of the additive C in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 0.1% -1%.
3. The lithium ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is any one or a combination of at least two of a carbonate solvent, a fluorocarbonate solvent, a carboxylate solvent, a fluorocarboxylate solvent, an ether solvent, and a fluoroether solvent.
4. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is selected from at least one of LiPF 6, liFSI, liTFSI, or LiBF 4;
the content of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 8% -18%.
5. A lithium ion battery, characterized in that the lithium ion battery comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, an electrolyte and a diaphragm, wherein the electrolyte is the lithium ion battery electrolyte as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The lithium ion battery of claim 5, wherein the positive electrode sheet comprises a positive electrode material selected from at least one of a nickel cobalt manganese ternary material, a nickel cobalt aluminum ternary material, a nickel cobalt manganese aluminum quaternary material, a nickel manganese aluminum ternary material, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium iron phosphate;
the negative electrode tab comprises a negative electrode material including at least one of a carbon material and a silicon material.
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| WO2022139533A1 (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-06-30 | 솔브레인 주식회사 | Electrolyte and secondary battery comprising same |
| CN116344937A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-06-27 | 江苏天鹏电源有限公司 | Lithium ion battery and electrolyte thereof |
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| CN101202364A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-18 | 索尼株式会社 | Electrolyte and battery |
| CN110563764A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-13 | 恒大新能源科技集团有限公司 | electrolyte flame-retardant additive and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2021261976A1 (en) * | 2020-06-26 | 2021-12-30 | 솔브레인 주식회사 | Electrolyte additive, battery electrolyte comprising same, and secondary battery comprising same |
| WO2022139534A1 (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-06-30 | 솔브레인 주식회사 | Electrolyte and secondary battery comprising same |
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