CN117489388A - Anchor cable withdrawable system and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of coal mine roadway support, and provides an anchor cable retractable anchor system which comprises a plunger, a base, a lengthened spring bolt, a lockset, a protective shell and a tray, wherein: the protective shell is provided with a drawing bolt; the plunger is arranged on surrounding rock, an anchor rope is arranged in an anchor rope hole formed in the surrounding rock, and the anchor rope penetrates through the plunger; an oil cavity is arranged between the base and the plunger; the tray is arranged on the base, and the lockset is arranged on the tray; the one end that the anchor rope kept away from the anchor rope hole is installed in extension spring bolt, just extension spring bolt and drawing bolted connection, be provided with the backing ring between extension spring bolt and the tool to lock, just extension spring bolt's round platform form tip is pegged graft in the tool to lock. The device does not need to additionally use anchor pulling equipment, effectively reduces the labor intensity of coal mine workers, and meanwhile, has the advantages of strong applicability, high working efficiency, strong controllability and good safety.

Description

Anchor cable withdrawable system and application method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine roadway support, and particularly relates to an anchor cable retreating system and a use method thereof.

Background

In the coal mine roadway support, especially in deep mines and roadway supports with complex geological conditions, effective support cannot be formed only by virtue of anchor rods, the anchor cable is important support equipment except the anchor rods, and the anchor cable is mainly made of high-strength low-relaxation steel strands and can provide strong prestress and anchoring force, so that the control of surrounding rock deformation can be better realized. In the support of the stoping roadway, after the working face is pushed through, in order to prevent the triangular area behind the working face from hanging for a long time and form a large-area suspension without falling, anchor cables in the stoping roadway are required to be timely retracted, so that timely collapse of the top plate is realized.

The existing anchor withdrawing mode is mainly to withdraw anchors by using hydraulic drawing or directly cutting off anchor ropes, the anchor withdrawing equipment is large in weight and needs to be moved frequently along with use, inconvenience is brought to a narrow environment of a stoping roadway, no protective measures are provided, the anchor ropes or lock bolts are easy to pop up to hurt people, and potential safety hazards are large. In some roadways, the steel strand part of the anchor cable is usually bent or forked due to the influence of mining or transportation scratch, so that the anchor cable is not easy to fix when the anchor cable is withdrawn by using the traditional drawing, and the applicability is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an anchor cable withdrawable system and a use method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.

The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that an anchor cable can be withdrawn, and the anchor cable withdrawing system comprises a plunger, a base, a lengthened lock tongue, a lockset, a protective shell and a tray, wherein:

the protective shell is arranged on surrounding rock, the plunger, the base, the lengthened lock tongue, the lockset and the tray are all arranged in the protective shell, a drawing bolt is further arranged on one side, far away from the surrounding rock, of the protective shell, the drawing bolt is arranged in a bolt hole on the protective shell, and a fixing nut for fixing the drawing bolt is further arranged on the protective shell;

the plunger is arranged on surrounding rock, an anchor rope is arranged in an anchor rope hole formed in the surrounding rock, and the anchor rope penetrates through the plunger;

the plunger is arranged on the base in a sliding manner at one side far away from surrounding rock, the base can axially slide along the anchor cable, an oil cavity is arranged between the base and the plunger, a first control component for controlling the oil quantity in the oil cavity is further arranged on the base, an inner lifting limiting ring for limiting the plunger is arranged in the base, an outer lifting limiting ring for limiting the plunger is arranged outside the base, and the inner lifting limiting ring limits the stroke of the plunger in a mode of being matched with the outer lifting limiting ring;

the tray is arranged on one side of the base far away from the plunger, and the lockset is arranged on the tray;

the extension spring bolt sets up in the one side that the tray was kept away from to the tool to lock, the one end that the anchor rope kept away from the anchor rope hole is installed in the extension spring bolt, just be provided with the connecting hole that is used for installing the draw bolt on the terminal surface that the tool to lock was kept away from to the extension spring bolt, be provided with the backing ring between extension spring bolt and the tool to lock, just be provided with the oil transportation pore on the lateral wall of backing ring, be provided with the second control assembly who is arranged in controlling the oil mass in the backing ring in the oil transportation pore, the one end that the extension spring bolt is close to the tool to lock is round platform form, just the round platform form tip of extension spring bolt is pegged graft in the tool to lock.

According to the technical scheme, the oil cavity is an annular cavity, and the inner side and the outer side of the oil cavity are sealed by using the sealing gaskets, so that the tightness of the oil cavity is ensured, and the situation of oil leakage of the oil cavity in the process of movement of the base is prevented.

Further technical scheme, first control assembly is including setting up the defeated oil port on the base, install first top club and first sealing ball in the defeated oil port, first sealing ball passes through first spacing spring and defeated oil port internal connection, just still be provided with in the defeated oil port and be used for carrying out spacing block to first sealing ball, still install first oil pipe in the defeated oil port, just first top club is connected with the one end that first oil pipe is located defeated oil port inside.

Further technical scheme, second control assembly includes second top ball pole and the second sealing ball in the oil transportation pore canal, second sealing ball passes through second spacing spring and oil transportation pore canal internal connection, just still be provided with in the oil transportation pore canal and be used for carrying out spacing block to the second sealing ball, still install the second oil delivery pipe in the oil transportation pore canal, just be provided with the second top ball pole on the one end that the second oil delivery pipe is arranged in the oil transportation pore canal.

Another object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for using an anchor cable retractable system, based on the anchor cable retractable system, comprising the following steps:

step 1, installation:

step 1.1, preparing an anchor cable, each component of a retractable anchor system and related accessories or instruments before supporting;

step 1.2, drilling anchor cable holes at the supporting positions according to the design requirements of the supporting, and installing anchor cables to the designated positions;

step 1.3, sequentially installing a plunger, a base, a tray, a lockset and a lengthened lock tongue to the anchor cable;

step 1.4, stretching the anchor cable, and preliminarily applying a pretightening force;

step 1.5, releasing hydraulic oil in the cushion ring to shorten the cushion ring, and finishing installation;

step 2, anchor removal:

and 2.1, erecting a protective shell, and hanging the protective shell on the metal net by using hooks to prevent the protective shell from falling off.

Step 2.2, connecting the connecting hole on the lengthened spring bolt by using a drawing bolt, so that the lengthened spring bolt is connected with the protective shell;

step 2.3, discharging hydraulic oil in the oil cavity through the oil delivery port to enable the base to shrink;

step 2.4, automatically separating the lengthened spring bolt from the lockset;

and 2.5, removing the protective shell, lengthening the lock tongue, the tray, the base and the plunger, and removing the anchor.

The anchor cable withdrawable system and the application method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following beneficial effects:

(1) When the system is used for anchor withdrawal, no additional anchor pulling equipment is needed, so that the labor intensity of coal mine workers is effectively reduced;

(2) The system is non-traditional in drawing and anchor removing, and can remove anchors without considering bending or bifurcation of the steel strand with external leakage, so that the applicability is greatly improved;

(3) The system is nondestructive anchor withdrawal, and has small disturbance to the roadway and surrounding rock;

(4) The system can be recycled, so that the supporting cost is effectively reduced;

(5) The system is a non-cutting type anchor removing device, the anchor removing speed is high, the time is short, and the normal production of a working face is not influenced;

(6) The system can be used in a narrow space and is not limited by space conditions;

(7) When the system is used for anchor withdrawal, the lock and the anchor cable leakage part are both inside the protective shell in the anchor withdrawal process, so that the lengthened lock tongue or the anchor cable can be effectively prevented from being popped up to hurt people, the safety of coal mine workers is greatly protected, and the safety production of coal mine is facilitated;

(8) The system is divided into two sections when pressure relief, and the sealing ball is jacked up to relieve the pressure only after the oil delivery pipe is screwed up, so that the controllability is high and the system is safer;

(9) The system changes the traditional underground anchor removing method of the coal mine, and provides a safer, more efficient and simpler anchor removing mode for underground anchor removing operation of the coal mine.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor cable retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor cable retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor cable retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention after installation.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor cable retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention during anchor retraction.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor cable retractable system after anchor retraction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a plunger and a base in an anchor cable retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a side view of the mating of the plunger and the base in an anchor line retractable anchor system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a top view showing the cooperation of a plunger and a base in an anchor line retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the cooperation of a plunger and a base in an anchor line retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an exploded side view of the mating of the plunger and the base in an anchor line retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 shows an elongated bolt, grommet and retaining system for a retractable anchor system according to an embodiment of the present invention

Three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the mutual cooperation of tool to lock.

Fig. 12 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an elongated bolt in an anchor cable retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a protective casing in an anchor cable retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings: a plunger 1; a base 2; an oil chamber 3; an inner elevation limit ring 4; an outer ascent limiting ring 5; a gasket 6; an oil delivery port 7; a first oil delivery pipe 7a; a first cue 7b; a first sealing ball 7c; a first limit spring 7d; lengthening the lock tongue 8; a backing ring 9; a second oil delivery pipe 9a; a second cue 9b; a second sealing ball 9c; a second limit spring 9d; a lock 10; a connection hole 11; a protective housing 12; drawing the bolt 12a; a fixing nut 12b; a bolt hole 12c; oil delivery pipe hole 12d; a surrounding rock 13; anchor cable hole 13a; a cable 13b; a tray 14.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-13, an anchor line retractable system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plunger 1, a base 2, an elongated locking bolt 8, a lock 10, a protective housing 12, and a tray 14, wherein:

the protective shell 12 is arranged on the surrounding rock 13, the plunger 1, the base 2, the lengthened lock tongue 8, the lockset 10 and the tray 14 are all arranged in the protective shell 12, a drawing bolt 12a is further arranged on one side of the protective shell 12 far away from the surrounding rock 13, the drawing bolt 12a is arranged in a bolt hole 12c on the protective shell 12, and a fixing nut 12b for fixing the drawing bolt 12a is further arranged on the protective shell 12;

the plunger 1 is arranged on the surrounding rock 13, an anchor rope 13b is arranged in an anchor rope hole 13a formed in the surrounding rock 13, and the anchor rope 13b penetrates through the plunger 1;

the plunger 1 is slidably mounted on the base 2 at one side far away from the surrounding rock 13, the base 2 can axially slide along the anchor cable 13b, an oil cavity 3 is arranged between the base 2 and the plunger 1, a first control component for controlling the oil quantity in the oil cavity 3 is further arranged on the base 2, an inner lifting limiting ring 4 for limiting the plunger 1 is arranged in the base 2, an outer lifting limiting ring 5 for limiting the plunger 1 is arranged outside the base 2, and the inner lifting limiting ring 4 limits the stroke of the plunger 1 in a mode of being matched with the outer lifting limiting ring 5;

the tray 14 is arranged on one side of the base 2 far away from the plunger 1, and the lockset 10 is arranged on the tray 14;

the lengthened bolt 8 is arranged on one side of the lockset 10 far away from the tray 14, one end of the anchor cable 13b far away from the anchor cable hole 13a is arranged in the lengthened bolt 8, a connecting hole 11 for installing a drawing bolt 12a is formed in the end face of the lengthened bolt 8 far away from the lockset 10, a backing ring 9 is arranged between the lengthened bolt 8 and the lockset 10, an oil transportation pore canal is formed in the side wall of the backing ring 9, a second control assembly for controlling the oil quantity in the backing ring 9 is arranged in the oil transportation pore canal, one end of the lengthened bolt 8 close to the lockset 10 is in a round table shape, and the round table-shaped end part of the lengthened bolt 8 is spliced in the lockset 10.

In the embodiment of the invention, the backing ring 9 is an annular contractible member, when the prestress is applied, the backing ring 9 is injected with hydraulic oil through an oil delivery pore canal, so that the backing ring 9 is stretched, at the moment, the force applied by pulling the anchor cable when the pretightening force is applied is transmitted through the lengthening bolt 8, the backing ring 9 and the lockset 10, and the backing ring 9 is used for preventing the lengthening bolt 8 from being deformed due to overlarge stress; after the installation is completed, the second control component is used for releasing hydraulic oil in the backing ring 9, the backing ring 9 is shortened, and a reserved space is reserved for the stress of the later-stage lengthened spring bolt 8 to continuously shrink inwards. When the lock 10 is installed, the tray 14 is propped against the base 2, and the plunger 1 is propped against the surrounding rock 13. When the pretightening force is applied, the lengthened spring bolt 8 is protected through the backing ring 9, and after the pretightening force is applied, the backing ring 9 is shortened, so that the lengthened spring bolt 8, the anchor cable 13b and the lockset 10 are mutually locked. At this time, the force on the anchor line 13b is transmitted to the surrounding rock surface through the tray 14-base 2-hydraulic oil-plunger 1. When the anchor is withdrawn, hydraulic oil is discharged through the oil delivery port 7, the plunger 1 is contracted, the lockset 10 moves towards the surrounding rock 13 along with the anchor cable 13b, at the moment, the lengthened spring bolt 8 is connected with the drawing bolt 12a on the protective shell 12 through the connecting hole 11 on the lengthened spring bolt 8, and the movement of the lengthened spring bolt 8 is limited, so that the lengthened spring bolt 8 is separated from the lockset 10, and the automatic anchor withdrawal without external force is realized.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil chamber 3 is an annular chamber, and both inner and outer sides of the oil chamber 3 are sealed by using a gasket 6, so as to ensure tightness of the oil chamber 3 and prevent oil leakage of the oil chamber 3 during movement of the base 2.

As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first control assembly includes an oil delivery port 7 formed on the base 2, a first top ball rod 7b and a first sealing ball 7c are installed in the oil delivery port 7, the first sealing ball 7c is connected with the inside of the oil delivery port 7 through a first limiting spring 7d, a clamping table for limiting the first sealing ball 7c is further provided in the oil delivery port 7, a first oil delivery pipe 7a is also installed in the oil delivery port 7, and the first top ball rod 7b is connected with one end of the first oil delivery pipe 7a located inside the oil delivery port 7.

In the embodiment of the invention, in a free state, the first sealing ball 7c is propped against the clamping table, so that the oil delivery port 7 can be separated, and the oil in the oil cavity 3 is prevented from overflowing. When the oil is filled into the oil cavity 3 or the oil in the oil cavity 3 is pumped out, the first sealing ball 7c can be jacked up by the first jackrod 7b at the end part of the first oil conveying pipe 7a, so that the oil can be exchanged through the oil conveying port 7.

As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second control assembly includes a second top ball rod 9b and a second sealing ball 9c in the oil delivery duct, the second sealing ball 9c is connected with the inside of the oil delivery duct through a second limiting spring 9d, a clamping table for limiting the second sealing ball 9c is further disposed in the oil delivery duct, a second oil delivery pipe 9a is further installed in the oil delivery duct, and a second top ball rod 9b is disposed at one end of the second oil delivery pipe 9a in the oil delivery duct.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the oil delivery pipe hole 12d matched with the first oil delivery pipe 7a is also reserved on the protective housing 12. In a free state, the second sealing ball 9c is propped against the clamping table to separate the oil transportation pore canal and prevent the oil in the backing ring 9 from overflowing. When the gasket 9 is filled with oil or the oil in the gasket 9 is pumped out, the second sealing ball 9c can be jacked up by the second jacking rod 9b at the end part of the second oil conveying pipe 9a, so that the oil can be exchanged through the oil conveying pore canal.

The application method of the anchor cable retractable system provided by the embodiment of the invention is based on the anchor cable retractable system and comprises the following steps:

step 1, installation:

step 1.1, preparing an anchor cable 13b, each component of the retractable anchor system and related accessories or instruments before supporting;

step 1.2, punching anchor cable holes 13a at the supporting positions according to the design requirements of the supporting, and installing anchor cables 13b to the designated positions;

step 1.3, sequentially installing a plunger 1, a base 2, a tray 14, a lockset 10 and an extension spring bolt 8 to an anchor cable;

step 1.4, stretching the anchor cable 13b, and preliminarily applying a pretightening force;

step 1.5, releasing hydraulic oil in the backing ring 9 to shorten the backing ring 9, and finishing the installation;

step 2, anchor removal:

step 2.1, erecting a protective shell 12, and hanging the protective shell on a metal net by using hooks to prevent the protective shell from falling off.

Step 2.2, connecting the connecting hole 11 on the lengthened bolt 8 by using a drawing bolt 12a, so that the lengthened bolt 8 is connected with the protective casing 12;

step 2.3, discharging hydraulic oil in the oil cavity 3 through the oil delivery port 7 to enable the base 2 to shrink;

step 2.4, automatically separating the lengthened spring bolt 8 from the lockset 10;

and 2.5, removing the protective shell 12, lengthening the lock tongue 8, the tray 12, the base 2 and the plunger 1, and removing the anchor.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an anchor rope can move back anchor system which characterized in that, includes plunger, base, extension spring bolt, tool to lock, protective housing and tray, wherein:

the protective shell is arranged on surrounding rock, the plunger, the base, the lengthened lock tongue, the lockset and the tray are all arranged in the protective shell, a drawing bolt is further arranged on one side, far away from the surrounding rock, of the protective shell, the drawing bolt is arranged in a bolt hole on the protective shell, and a fixing nut for fixing the drawing bolt is further arranged on the protective shell;

the plunger is arranged on surrounding rock, an anchor rope is arranged in an anchor rope hole formed in the surrounding rock, and the anchor rope penetrates through the plunger;

the plunger is arranged on the base at one side far away from surrounding rock, the base can axially slide along the anchor cable, an oil cavity is arranged between the base and the plunger, a first control component for controlling the oil quantity in the oil cavity is further arranged on the base, an inner lifting limiting ring for limiting the plunger is arranged in the base, an outer lifting limiting ring for limiting the plunger is arranged outside the base, and the inner lifting limiting ring limits the stroke of the plunger in a mode of being matched with the outer lifting limiting ring;

the tray is arranged on one side of the base far away from the plunger, and the lockset is arranged on the tray;

the extension spring bolt sets up in the one side that the tray was kept away from to the tool to lock, the one end that the anchor rope kept away from the anchor rope hole is installed in the extension spring bolt, just be provided with the connecting hole that is used for installing the draw bolt on the terminal surface that the tool to lock was kept away from to the extension spring bolt, be provided with the backing ring between extension spring bolt and the tool to lock, just be provided with the oil transportation pore on the lateral wall of backing ring, be provided with the second control assembly who is arranged in controlling the oil mass in the backing ring in the oil transportation pore, the one end that the extension spring bolt is close to the tool to lock is round platform form, just the round platform form tip of extension spring bolt is pegged graft in the tool to lock.

2. The anchor cable retractable system according to claim 1, wherein the oil cavity is an annular cavity, and both inner and outer sides of the oil cavity are sealed by using sealing gaskets, so as to ensure tightness of the oil cavity and prevent oil leakage of the oil cavity in the process of moving the base.

3. The anchor cable withdrawal system of claim 1, wherein the first control assembly comprises an oil delivery port formed in the base, a first top ball rod and a first sealing ball are installed in the oil delivery port, the first sealing ball is connected with the oil delivery port through a first limiting spring, a clamping table for limiting the first sealing ball is further arranged in the oil delivery port, a first oil delivery pipe is further installed in the oil delivery port, and the first top ball rod is connected with one end of the first oil delivery pipe located in the oil delivery port.

4. The anchor line retractable system according to claim 3, wherein the second control assembly comprises a second top ball rod and a second sealing ball in the oil delivery duct, the second sealing ball is connected with the inside of the oil delivery duct through a second limiting spring, a clamping table for limiting the second sealing ball is further arranged in the oil delivery duct, a second oil delivery pipe is further arranged in the oil delivery duct, and a second top ball rod is arranged at one end of the second oil delivery pipe, which is located in the oil delivery duct.

5. The retractable anchor system of claim 4, wherein the protective housing is further reserved with oil delivery tubing holes that match the first oil delivery tubing.

6. A method of using a retractable anchor system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:

step 1, installation:

step 1.1, preparing an anchor cable, each component of a retractable anchor system and related accessories or instruments before supporting;

step 1.2, drilling anchor cable holes at the supporting positions according to the design requirements of the supporting, and installing anchor cables to the designated positions;

step 1.3, sequentially installing a plunger, a base, a tray, a lockset and a lengthened lock tongue to the anchor cable;

step 1.4, stretching the anchor cable, and preliminarily applying a pretightening force;

step 1.5, releasing hydraulic oil in the cushion ring to shorten the cushion ring, and finishing installation;

step 2, anchor removal:

step 2.1, erecting a protective shell, wherein hooks are hung on a metal net to prevent falling;

step 2.2, connecting the connecting hole on the lengthened spring bolt by using a drawing bolt, so that the lengthened spring bolt is connected with the protective shell;

step 2.3, discharging hydraulic oil in the oil cavity through the oil delivery port to enable the base to shrink;

step 2.4, automatically separating the lengthened spring bolt from the lockset;

and 2.5, removing the protective shell, lengthening the lock tongue, the tray, the base and the plunger, and removing the anchor.