CN117489299B - Gas storage well head throttling arrangement - Google Patents

Gas storage well head throttling arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117489299B
CN117489299B CN202311840472.3A CN202311840472A CN117489299B CN 117489299 B CN117489299 B CN 117489299B CN 202311840472 A CN202311840472 A CN 202311840472A CN 117489299 B CN117489299 B CN 117489299B
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China
Prior art keywords
elastic
gas storage
positioning block
gas
traction
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CN202311840472.3A
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CN117489299A (en
Inventor
曹欣
牛耀辉
苏野
刘旭
侯秉仁
于长富
宋鹤
李志强
齐晓飞
李翔
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Second Geological Team Of Hebei Coalfield Geology Bureau Hebei Dry Hot Rock Research Center
Hebei Gas Co ltd
Original Assignee
Second Geological Team Of Hebei Coalfield Geology Bureau Hebei Dry Hot Rock Research Center
Hebei Gas Co ltd
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Application filed by Second Geological Team Of Hebei Coalfield Geology Bureau Hebei Dry Hot Rock Research Center, Hebei Gas Co ltd filed Critical Second Geological Team Of Hebei Coalfield Geology Bureau Hebei Dry Hot Rock Research Center
Priority to CN202311840472.3A priority Critical patent/CN117489299B/en
Publication of CN117489299A publication Critical patent/CN117489299A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/02Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in well heads

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a gas storage wellhead throttling device, which belongs to the technical field of oil gas storage and transportation and comprises a column casing, an annular flexible layer, an elastic ferrule, a first traction assembly, a positioning block and a second traction assembly, wherein the column casing is fixedly arranged in a gas storage wellhead, the annular flexible layer is arranged on the inner side of the column casing, the elastic ferrule is sleeved on the outer wall of the annular flexible layer and is horizontally distributed, and two ends of the elastic ferrule penetrate through the positioning block and are movably matched with the positioning block. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention can ensure that the gas output direction is always parallel to the axis direction of the gas storage wellhead when the gas output flow is regulated, thereby avoiding the inclination of the gas flow direction during the gas output flow regulation, further preventing the gas from impacting the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead at a high speed, further avoiding the damage of the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead, realizing the protection of the gas storage wellhead and improving the safety in the gas production process.

Description

Gas storage well head throttling arrangement
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil gas storage and transportation, and particularly relates to a wellhead throttling device of a gas storage.
Background
The gas storage well relies on higher stratum pressure to jet and produce gas by oneself, because stratum pressure is higher, generally installs the air throttle in the well head, and the flow of gas is failed to the control through the inside valve plate's of air throttle degree of opening and shutting and then, in order to satisfy dew point processing and defeated requirement outward.
The opening and closing degree of the valve inside the air throttle is used for further controlling the flow of the externally-conveyed gas, the valve is in an inclined state inside the air throttle, when the gas is controlled and output by the valve of the air throttle, the valve plate in the inclined state can adjust the flow direction of the gas to be inclined, and when the gas is output from the inside of the air throttle in an inclined posture, the gas acts on the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead at a certain flow speed, so that the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead is easy to be damaged after being impacted by the gas for a long time, and the safety in the gas production process is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide a gas storage wellhead throttling device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a gas storage well mouth throttling device comprises a column casing, an annular flexible layer, an elastic ferrule, a first traction component, a positioning block and a second traction component,
the column casing is fixedly arranged in the gas storage well head,
the annular flexible layer is arranged at the inner side of the column casing, the elastic sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the annular flexible layer and is horizontally distributed, two ends of the elastic sleeve penetrate through the positioning block and are movably matched with the positioning block,
the first traction component and the second traction component are arranged on the inner wall of the column casing, when the gas output quantity needs to be reduced, the first traction component drags the elastic ring and drives the elastic ring to horizontally move in one direction compared with the positioning block, so that the annular area enclosed by the elastic ring is reduced,
when the gas output rate needs to be increased, the second traction assembly is used for traction the elastic ring and driving the elastic ring to horizontally move in the other direction compared with the positioning block, so that the annular area surrounded by the elastic ring is increased.
As a further improvement of the invention: a support plate is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the column casing,
the first traction component comprises two groups of motors, two groups of rotating shafts, two groups of winding wheels and two groups of rope bodies,
the two groups of motors are fixedly arranged on one side of the support plate, the two groups of rotating shafts are respectively arranged at the output ends of the two groups of motors, the two groups of winding wheels are respectively fixedly arranged outside the two groups of rotating shafts, one ends of the rope bodies are respectively connected with two ends of the elastic ferrules, and the other ends of the rope bodies are respectively wound outside the two groups of winding wheels.
As a further improvement of the invention: the second traction component comprises a traction block, an elastic piece, a telescopic rod and a telescopic sleeve,
the telescopic sleeve one end with column casing inner wall fixed connection, another pot head is located the telescopic link is outside and with telescopic link flexible cooperation, the telescopic link is kept away from telescopic sleeve's one end with traction block fixed connection, the elastic ring mid portion run through traction block and with traction block clearance fit, elastic component one end with telescopic sleeve links to each other, the other end with traction block links to each other, is used for right traction block provides elastic tension.
As a further improvement of the invention: the elastic piece is a spring or a metal elastic piece.
As a still further improvement of the invention: the gas storage wellhead throttling device also comprises a driving assembly,
when the elastic ring moves in one direction compared with the positioning block to drive the annular area enclosed by the elastic ring to be reduced, the driving component is used for driving the positioning block to horizontally move towards the central position of the column casing,
when the elastic ring moves to the other direction compared with the positioning block so as to drive the annular area enclosed by the elastic ring to be increased, the driving assembly is used for driving the positioning block to horizontally move towards the edge direction of the column casing.
As a still further improvement of the invention: the drive assembly includes an outer gear ring and a rack plate,
the outer gear ring is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rolling wheel, one end of the rack plate is fixedly connected with the positioning block, and the other end of the rack plate extends between two groups of rolling wheels and is meshed with the outer gear ring.
As a still further improvement of the invention: the elastic ferrule is a metal ferrule or a rubber ferrule with elastic capability.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the embodiment of the invention, when the gas in the gas storage is required to be collected, the gas in the gas storage can pass through the annular flexible layer and then be output from the wellhead of the gas storage; when the gas output is required to be reduced, the elastic ferrule is pulled and driven to horizontally move in one direction by the first pulling component, the annular area surrounded by the elastic ferrule is reduced, the annular flexible layer can be driven to be positioned in the middle to be contracted inwards at the moment, so that the gas output is reduced, otherwise, when the gas output is required to be increased, the elastic ferrule is pulled and driven to horizontally move in the other direction by the second pulling component, the annular area surrounded by the elastic ferrule is increased, the annular flexible layer can be driven to be expanded outwards at the middle at the moment, so that the gas output is increased, and compared with the prior art, the gas output is regulated, the outer output direction of the gas is always parallel to the axis direction of the gas storage wellhead, so that the gas flow direction is prevented from inclining when the gas output is regulated, and the gas is prevented from impacting the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead at a high speed, so that the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead is damaged, the protection of the gas storage wellhead is realized, and the safety in the gas production process is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas storage wellhead throttling device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an elastic ferrule in a wellhead throttling device of a gas storage;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram II of an elastic ferrule in a wellhead throttling device of a gas storage;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of area A of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 10-column casing, 101-support plate, 20-annular flexible layer, 30-elastic ferrule, 40-first traction component, 401-motor, 402-rotating shaft, 403-reel, 404-traction rope, 50-positioning block, 60-driving component, 601-outer gear ring, 602-rack plate, 70-second traction component, 701-traction block, 702-elastic piece, 703-telescopic rod, 704-telescopic sleeve.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the specific embodiments.
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the present embodiment provides a gas storage wellhead throttling device, which includes a cylindrical shell 10, an annular flexible layer 20, an elastic collar 30, a first traction assembly 40, a positioning block 50 and a second traction assembly 70, wherein the cylindrical shell 10 is fixedly installed inside the gas storage wellhead, the annular flexible layer 20 is disposed inside the cylindrical shell 10, the elastic collar 30 is sleeved on the outer wall of the annular flexible layer 20 and is horizontally distributed, two ends of the elastic collar 30 penetrate through the positioning block 50 and are movably matched with the positioning block 50, the first traction assembly 40 and the second traction assembly 70 are installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 10, when the gas output is required to be reduced, the first traction assembly 40 tows the elastic collar 30 and drives the elastic collar 30 to horizontally move towards one direction compared with the positioning block 50, when the gas output is required to be increased, the second traction assembly 70 tows the elastic collar 30 and drives the elastic collar 30 to horizontally move towards the other direction compared with the positioning block 50, and the elastic collar 30 is required to horizontally move towards the other direction.
When the gas inside the gas storage is required to be collected, the gas inside the gas storage can pass through the annular flexible layer 20, and then is output from the wellhead of the gas storage; when the gas output needs to be reduced, the first traction assembly 40 may be used to traction the elastic ferrule 30 and drive the elastic ferrule 30 to move horizontally in one direction compared with the positioning block 50, so that the annular area enclosed by the elastic ferrule 30 is reduced, at this time, the elastic ferrule 30 may drive the part of the annular flexible layer 20 located in the middle to shrink inwards, so as to reduce the gas output, otherwise, when the gas output needs to be increased, the traction assembly 70 may be used to traction the elastic ferrule 30 and drive the elastic ferrule 30 to move horizontally in the other direction compared with the positioning block 50, so that the annular area enclosed by the elastic ferrule 30 is increased, at this time, the part of the elastic ferrule 30 located in the middle may drive the annular flexible layer 20 to expand outwards, so as to increase the gas output; in the above process, since the elastic ring 30 is horizontally distributed, when the annular area enclosed by the elastic ring 30 is increased or reduced due to movement of the elastic ring 30, the flow direction of the gas passing through the inside of the annular flexible layer 20 can be always kept parallel to the axial direction of the column casing 10 and the gas storage wellhead, so that the inclination of the gas flow direction caused by the adjustment of the gas output flow is avoided, the gas is prevented from impacting the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead at a high speed, the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead is damaged, and the protection of the gas storage wellhead is realized.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, a support plate 101 is fixedly disposed on an inner wall of the column casing 10, the first traction assembly 40 includes two sets of motors 401, two sets of rotating shafts 402, two sets of winding wheels 403, and two sets of ropes 404, the two sets of motors 401 are fixedly disposed on one side of the support plate 101, the two sets of rotating shafts 402 are respectively mounted on output ends of the two sets of motors 401, the two sets of winding wheels 403 are respectively fixedly disposed on outer portions of the two sets of rotating shafts 402, one ends of the two sets of ropes 404 are respectively connected with two ends of the elastic collar 30, and the other ends of the ropes are respectively wound on outer portions of the two sets of winding wheels 403.
When the gas output is required to be reduced, the two sets of motors 401 respectively drive the two sets of rotating shafts 402 to rotate, and further drive the two sets of winding wheels 403 to rotate so as to synchronously wind the two sets of rope bodies 404, and when the two sets of rope bodies 404 are wound, the two ends of the elastic ring 30 can be pulled to enable the elastic ring 30 to horizontally move in one direction compared with the positioning block 50, so that the annular area enclosed by the elastic ring 30 is reduced, and further the part of the annular flexible layer 20 positioned in the middle is driven to inwards shrink, thereby reducing the gas output.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the second traction assembly 70 includes a traction block 701, an elastic member 702, a telescopic rod 703 and a telescopic sleeve 704, one end of the telescopic sleeve 704 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the column casing 10, the other end of the telescopic sleeve 704 is sleeved outside the telescopic rod 703 and is in telescopic fit with the telescopic rod 703, one end of the telescopic rod 703 away from the telescopic sleeve 704 is fixedly connected with the traction block 701, the middle portion of the elastic collar 30 penetrates through the traction block 701 and is in movable fit with the traction block 701, one end of the elastic member 702 is connected with the telescopic sleeve 704, and the other end of the elastic member 702 is connected with the traction block 701 and is used for providing elastic tension to the traction block 701.
When the two sets of motors 401 drive the two sets of rollers 403 to rotate so as to drive the elastic ring 30 to horizontally move in one direction compared with the positioning block 50, the middle part of the elastic ring 30 can pull the traction block 701 so as to drive the telescopic rod 703 to move towards the outside of the telescopic sleeve 704, and at this time, the elastic piece 702 is pulled to stretch; when the gas output rate needs to be increased, the two sets of motors 401 drive the two sets of rotating shafts 402 to reversely rotate, and further drive the two sets of winding wheels 403 to reversely rotate, so as to unwind the two sets of ropes 404, at this time, the elastic piece 702 pulls the pulling block 701 and drives the telescopic rod 703 to move towards the inside of the telescopic sleeve 704, and the pulling block 701 simultaneously pulls the middle part of the elastic ring 30 to horizontally move the elastic ring 30 towards another direction compared with the positioning block 50, so that the annular area surrounded by the elastic ring 30 is increased, and at this time, the flow rate when the gas flows along the inside of the annular flexible layer 20 is increased.
In one embodiment, the elastic member 702 may be a spring or a metal spring plate, which is not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the gas storage wellhead throttling device further includes a driving assembly 60, when the elastic collar 30 moves in one direction compared to the positioning block 50 to drive the annular area enclosed by the elastic collar 30 to shrink, the driving assembly 60 is configured to drive the positioning block 50 to move horizontally toward the center of the cylinder 10, and when the elastic collar 30 moves in the other direction compared to the positioning block 50 to drive the annular area enclosed by the elastic collar 30 to increase, the driving assembly 60 is configured to drive the positioning block 50 to move horizontally toward the edge of the cylinder 10.
The above adjustment of the position of the positioning block 50 by the driving assembly 60 can prevent the elastic winding ring 30 from pulling the middle portion of the annular flexible layer 20 toward the edge position of the inner side of the cylinder 10 when compared with the movement of the positioning block 50, so as to prevent the gas flowing along the inner portion of the annular flexible layer 20 from deviating from the central position of the inner portion of the cylinder 10, thereby further preventing the gas from impacting the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead and improving the protection effect of the inner wall of the gas storage wellhead.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the driving assembly 60 includes an outer gear ring 601 and a rack plate 602, the outer gear ring 601 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the reel 403, one end of the rack plate 602 is fixedly connected to the positioning block 50, and the other end extends between two sets of the reels 403 and is meshed with the outer gear ring 601.
When the reel 403 rotates and then pulls the end part of the elastic ring 30 through the rope 404 to drive the elastic ring 30 to horizontally move in one direction compared with the positioning block 50, the reel 403 can also drive the outer gear ring 601 to rotate, the meshing effect of the outer gear ring 601 and the rack plate 602 is utilized to drive the rack plate 602 to move in one direction so as to drive the positioning block 501 to move towards the central position of the column casing 10, at the moment, the positioning block 50 and the traction block 701 are synchronously close to the central position of the column casing 10, so that the middle part of the annular flexible layer 20 is not brought towards the edge direction of the column casing 10 when the annular area surrounded by the elastic ring 30 is reduced; when the reel 403 rotates reversely and then pulls the middle part of the elastic ring 30 through the traction block 701 to drive the elastic ring 30 to move horizontally in the other direction compared with the positioning block 50, the positioning block 50 is driven to move towards the edge position of the column casing 10 through the reverse meshing action of the outer gear ring 601 and the rack plate 602, and at the moment, the positioning block 50 and the traction block 701 synchronously move towards the edge position of the column casing 10, so that the middle part of the annular flexible layer 20 is not brought towards the edge direction of the column casing 10 when the annular area surrounded by the elastic ring 30 is increased.
In one embodiment, the elastic ring 30 may be a metal ring or a rubber ring with elastic capability, which is not limited herein.
In one embodiment, the annular flexible layer 20 may be a rubber layer or a silicone layer, without limitation.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the gas in the gas storage is required to be collected, the gas in the gas storage can pass through the annular flexible layer 20 and then be output from the wellhead of the gas storage; when the gas output is required to be reduced, the first traction assembly 40 can be used for traction of the elastic ferrule 30 and driving the elastic ferrule 30 to horizontally move in one direction compared with the positioning block 50, so that the annular area surrounded by the elastic ferrule 30 is reduced, at the moment, the elastic ferrule 30 can drive the part of the annular flexible layer 20 positioned in the middle to shrink inwards, so that the gas output is reduced, otherwise, when the gas output is required to be increased, the traction assembly 70 can be used for traction of the elastic ferrule 30 and driving the elastic ferrule 30 to horizontally move in the other direction compared with the positioning block 50, so that the annular area surrounded by the elastic ferrule 30 is increased, at the moment, the part of the annular flexible layer 20 positioned in the middle can be driven to outwardly expand, so that the gas output is increased, and compared with the prior art, when the gas output is regulated, the gas output is always ensured to be parallel to the axial direction of a gas well mouth, so that the gas flow direction is prevented from inclining when the gas output is regulated, and the gas is prevented from impacting the inner wall of the well mouth of the gas storage well mouth at a high speed, so that the well mouth of the gas storage is damaged, the annular area is prevented, the annular area is surrounded by the annular ferrule is enlarged, the annular area is surrounded by the annular area, the annular area is surrounded by the elastic ferrule 30, the annular area and the annular area is the annular area and the annular ring and the annular flexible layer and the middle.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application.

Claims (4)

1. A wellhead throttling device of a gas storage well is characterized by comprising a column casing, an annular flexible layer, an elastic ferrule, a first traction assembly, a positioning block and a second traction assembly,
the column casing is fixedly arranged in the gas storage well head,
the annular flexible layer is arranged at the inner side of the column casing, the elastic sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the annular flexible layer and is horizontally distributed, two ends of the elastic sleeve penetrate through the positioning block and are movably matched with the positioning block,
the first traction component and the second traction component are arranged on the inner wall of the column casing, when the gas output quantity needs to be reduced, the first traction component drags the elastic ring and drives the elastic ring to horizontally move in one direction compared with the positioning block, so that the annular area enclosed by the elastic ring is reduced,
when the gas output rate needs to be increased, the second traction component drags the elastic ring and drives the elastic ring to horizontally move in the other direction compared with the positioning block, so that the annular area surrounded by the elastic ring is increased,
a support plate is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the column casing,
the first traction component comprises two groups of motors, two groups of rotating shafts, two groups of winding wheels and two groups of rope bodies,
the two groups of motors are fixedly arranged on one side of the support plate, the two groups of rotating shafts are respectively arranged at the output ends of the two groups of motors, the two groups of winding wheels are respectively fixedly arranged outside the two groups of rotating shafts, one ends of the two groups of rope bodies are respectively connected with the two ends of the elastic ring, the other ends of the rope bodies are respectively wound outside the two groups of winding wheels,
the gas storage wellhead throttling device also comprises a driving assembly,
when the elastic ring moves in one direction compared with the positioning block to drive the annular area enclosed by the elastic ring to be reduced, the driving component is used for driving the positioning block to horizontally move towards the central position of the column casing,
when the elastic ring moves to the other direction compared with the positioning block to drive the annular area enclosed by the elastic ring to increase, the driving component is used for driving the positioning block to horizontally move towards the edge direction of the column casing,
the drive assembly includes an outer gear ring and a rack plate,
the outer gear ring is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rolling wheel, one end of the rack plate is fixedly connected with the positioning block, and the other end of the rack plate extends between two groups of rolling wheels and is meshed with the outer gear ring.
2. A gas storage wellhead throttling arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein the second pulling assembly comprises a pulling block, an elastic member, a telescopic rod and a telescopic sleeve,
the telescopic sleeve one end with column casing inner wall fixed connection, another pot head is located the telescopic link is outside and with telescopic link flexible cooperation, the telescopic link is kept away from telescopic sleeve's one end with traction block fixed connection, the elastic ring mid portion run through traction block and with traction block clearance fit, elastic component one end with telescopic sleeve links to each other, the other end with traction block links to each other, is used for right traction block provides elastic tension.
3. A gas storage wellhead throttling arrangement as claimed in claim 2 wherein the resilient member is a spring or metal dome.
4. A gas storage wellhead throttling arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the elastic collar is a metal collar or a rubber collar with elastic capability.
CN202311840472.3A 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Gas storage well head throttling arrangement Active CN117489299B (en)

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CN202311840472.3A CN117489299B (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Gas storage well head throttling arrangement

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311840472.3A CN117489299B (en) 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Gas storage well head throttling arrangement

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CN117489299B true CN117489299B (en) 2024-03-12

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204107531U (en) * 2014-07-16 2015-01-21 舟山出入境检验检疫局综合技术服务中心 The anti-overflow anchor ear of flask
CN107504238A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-12-22 长江大学 The adjustable machinery of critical flow is jammed venturi nozzle
CN211900547U (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-11-10 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Variable-diameter wet steam critical flow control device
CN216555965U (en) * 2021-05-14 2022-05-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Emergent plugging device of oil field gathering and transportation pipeline leakage point

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA3176834A1 (en) * 2020-05-04 2021-11-11 Marwan BERRADA-SOUNNI Vascular flow and pressure modulator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204107531U (en) * 2014-07-16 2015-01-21 舟山出入境检验检疫局综合技术服务中心 The anti-overflow anchor ear of flask
CN107504238A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-12-22 长江大学 The adjustable machinery of critical flow is jammed venturi nozzle
CN211900547U (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-11-10 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Variable-diameter wet steam critical flow control device
CN216555965U (en) * 2021-05-14 2022-05-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Emergent plugging device of oil field gathering and transportation pipeline leakage point

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