CN117486830B - Fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117486830B CN117486830B CN202311840679.0A CN202311840679A CN117486830B CN 117486830 B CN117486830 B CN 117486830B CN 202311840679 A CN202311840679 A CN 202311840679A CN 117486830 B CN117486830 B CN 117486830B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- propyl betaine
- fluorocarbon
- fluorocarbon alkyl
- alkyl thioether
- reaction
- Prior art date
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- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- HLERILKGMXJNBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N norvaline betaine Chemical compound CCCC(C([O-])=O)[N+](C)(C)C HLERILKGMXJNBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 125000005012 alkyl thioether group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- -1 cyclic secondary amine Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCl FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical class CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 41
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3-methyloxirane Chemical compound CC1OC1Cl LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000013558 reference substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- GPAMBYNRXCUNML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F GPAMBYNRXCUNML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 7
- SSFPFXJXRPTLGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctane-2-thiol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(S)C(F)(F)F SSFPFXJXRPTLGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- NVVZEKTVIXIUKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecafluoro-8-iodooctane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)CCI NVVZEKTVIXIUKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTTJUCUTTQQNCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctane-2-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(C(F)(F)F)S(Cl)(=O)=O MTTJUCUTTQQNCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005005 perfluorohexyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BULLJMKUVKYZDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecafluoro-6-iodohexane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)I BULLJMKUVKYZDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKMXZIBYPGNLPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-nonadecafluorononane-3-thiol Chemical compound FC(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(S)C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F IKMXZIBYPGNLPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQTYRFUBKWNFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctan-2-yl thiocyanate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(C(F)(F)F)SC#N HQTYRFUBKWNFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUVKFLJWBHVMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F FUVKFLJWBHVMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KERKPBUMPPDMGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-pentadecafluoroheptane-1-thiol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)S KERKPBUMPPDMGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010074268 Reproductive toxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000105 evaporative light scattering detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002514 liquid chromatography mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N methanol-d1 Chemical compound [2H]OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005311 nuclear magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007696 reproductive toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000372 reproductive toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D295/084—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
- C07D295/088—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D203/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D203/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D203/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D203/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D203/10—Radicals substituted by singly bound oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D205/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D205/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D205/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fluorocarbon surfactants. The fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine has the following structural formula: r is R f -X-Y-Z; wherein R is f Is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group of C6; x is a C1-C12 straight or branched alkylene group; y is-SCH 2 CHOH‑N(R 3 )‑R 4 -; z is-COO ‑ ;R 3 Cycloalkyl of C2-C6, said R 3 Both ends of the group(s) are linked to the N to form a cyclic secondary amine, R 4 Is methylene. The fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine has the advantages that the group connected with the nitrogen atom is cycloalkyl, the space positioning effect is achieved, and the unstable surface tension caused by space torsion of chain-shaped C-O and C-C is avoided. And the cycloalkyl connected with nitrogen atoms can lead the molecular arrangement to be more orderly and compact, and the surface tension to be lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fluorocarbon surfactant, in particular to fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The fluorine surfactant has unique three-high and two-hydrophobic properties, namely high surface activity, high heat resistance stability and high chemical stability, and meanwhile, the fluorine-containing hydrocarbon group is hydrophobic and oleophobic. In addition, the fluorine surfactant has good compounding performance with the hydrocarbon surfactant, and the compounding system has higher capability of reducing the surface tension of the solvent, so that the special surfactant plays a unique role in a plurality of fields. The betaine type amphoteric surfactant is a surfactant which is applied earlier, has excellent compounding performance with cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants, has excellent synergistic effect, is mild in property, has excellent characteristics of good corrosion resistance, sterilization and antistatic property, is easy to biodegrade and the like, and is widely applied to daily chemical industry.
The fluorocarbon betaine surfactant is a structural modification of betaine surfactant, and can show better product performance than betaine surfactant at lower content. Currently, fluorocarbon betaine surfactants are used as key materials in high-efficiency foam extinguishing agents, as wetting agents for the solid or liquid surfaces of hydrocarbons, as dispersants, and as emulsifiers for the emulsion polymerization of fluoroolefins. And the metal surface detergent can be used as a metal surface detergent, an oil displacement agent, a release agent, a fire extinguishing agent, an electroplating intermediate and the like, and has huge market potential.
Since perfluorooctanesulfonyl compounds (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have bioaccumulation and reproductive toxicity, the european union issued restrictions on the sale and use of PFOS and PFOA in 2006, and thus surfactants of PFOS and PFOA structures are greatly affected. The perfluorohexyl ethyl structural fluorocarbon surfactant is considered to be capable of being naturally degraded, and does not have bioaccumulation and reproduction toxicity, so that the structural surfactant has great application value. The types of betaine with the perfluorohexyl ethyl structure are few in the market at present, so that the surfactant for exploring and developing the betaine with the perfluorohexyl ethyl structure has great economic value.
Application number US20110092735 discloses the synthesis of perfluorohexyl ethyl sulfonamide propyl betaine by the method of: firstly, perfluorohexyl iodide reacts with ethylene under the initiation of BPO to prepare perfluorohexyl ethyl iodide, then perfluorohexyl ethyl iodide reacts with potassium thiocyanate to prepare perfluorohexyl ethyl thiocyanate, then chlorine is used for oxidation to obtain perfluorohexyl ethyl sulfonyl chloride, then the perfluorohexyl ethyl sulfonyl chloride reacts with N, N-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediamine, finally, sodium chloroacetate reacts with sodium chloroacetate, ethanol and water are added for dilution to obtain 27% perfluorohexyl ethyl sulfonamide propyl betaine product, and when the effective content of the product is 0.1% in 2% KCl solution, the surface tension is measured to be 18.0mN/m.
The synthetic route is as follows:
the compound is prepared into 27% of perfluor hexyl ethyl sulfonamide propyl betaine solution, has excellent performance in the fire-fighting field, and has the advantages of low material price and low raw material cost. However, there are also long synthetic routes, resulting in long production cycles; the reaction uses highly toxic gas chlorine, has great research and development difficulty for laboratories, has higher requirements for equipment and qualification during amplified production, and has the defects of high safety risk and the like.
Publication number CN107903180 discloses the synthesis of perfluorohexyl diethyl ether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps: and (3) reacting a perfluorohexyl ethanol solution containing 12% of perfluorohexyl ethanol sodium with epichlorohydrin to obtain an intermediate, reacting the intermediate with 40% of dimethylamine aqueous solution in an autoclave, distilling out a large amount of perfluorohexyl ethanol, reacting the obtained solution with sodium chloroacetate in isopropanol, adding water, stirring for 1 hour to obtain a product containing 45% of fluorine surfactant, and measuring the surface tension to be 16.9mN/m when the effective content of the product is 0.1%.
The synthetic route is as follows:
the product has excellent performance, short synthetic process route and high atom utilization rate, does not use toxic and harmful chemicals, and integrally meets the requirement of green chemistry. However, the active ingredient of the raw material sodium perfluorohexyl ethanol in the perfluorohexyl ethanol solution only accounts for 12 percent, so that the raw material utilization rate is low; meanwhile, the perfluorohexyl ethanol has higher price and higher raw material cost; although perfluorohexyl ethanol can be recovered by reduced pressure distillation in the second step, the problem of high recovery energy consumption caused by higher boiling point of perfluorohexyl ethanol is also faced.
Publication number CN103237577a discloses an aqueous fire-extinguishing foam with reduced fluorine content, wherein in the disclosed structural formula, two methyl groups are connected behind the N atom, the N atom structure is unshaped, spatial distortion and rotation are easy to occur, the molecular arrangement is not tight, and thus the surface tension of the fluorocarbon surfactant is uncertain because the spatial arrangement is easy to change.
In summary, the perfluorohexyl ethyl betaine fluorocarbon surfactant in the prior art has the technical problems of high raw material cost, high production hazard and the like in the preparation process, and the surface tension also has a reduced space. Therefore, a perfluorohexyl ethyl betaine fluorocarbon surfactant with good safety performance, environmental protection in production and low surface tension is needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, and the preparation method and application thereof, wherein the raw materials are high in reactivity and utilization rate, equipment cost in the preparation method is low, and the obtained fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine is lower in surface tension.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine having the structural formula:
R f -X-Y-Z;
wherein the R is f A linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group of C6;
x is a C1-C12 straight or branched alkylene group;
y is-SCH 2 CHOH-CH 2 -N(R 3 )-R 4 -;
Z is-COO - ;
The R is 3 Cycloalkyl of C2-C6, said R 3 Both ends of the group(s) are linked to the N to form a cyclic secondary amine, R 4 Is methylene.
Further preferably, said R 3 Cycloalkyl of C4, said R 3 Both ends of the group(s) are linked to the N to form a cyclic secondary amine.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan and triethylamine into a reactor, emptying the reactor, slowly adding 3-substituted epoxypropane, and reacting for 6-8 hours at 20-30 ℃ to obtain an intermediate B, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
(2) Adding isopropanol and cyclic secondary amine into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), reacting for 12-16 hours at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, adding alkali, stirring, concentrating the reaction liquid until the reaction liquid is dry, adding an organic solvent, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely an intermediate C, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
(3) Adding the intermediate C into sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating and refluxing for reaction for 10-12h, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
further, in the reaction formulae of step (1), step (2) and step (3), n is 1, or 2, or 3, or 4.
Further, m is 0, or 1, or 2, or 3, or 4 in the reaction formulae of step (2) and step (3).
Further, in the reaction formula of step (1) and step (2), X is Cl, br, or OTf.
Further, the cyclic secondary amine in the step (2) is a cyclic secondary amine of C2-C6.
Further, the 3-substituted propylene oxide in the step (1) is added in a slow dropwise manner.
Further, the reaction temperature of the intermediate C and isopropanol in the step (3) in the sodium chloroacetate solution is 70-90 ℃.
Further, the addition amount of the triethylamine in the step (1) is 0.2-3% of the mass of fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan; the addition amount of the 3-substituted epoxypropane is 20-30% of the mass of the fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan.
Further, in the step (2), the addition amount of the isopropanol is 100% of the mass of the fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan, and the addition amount of the cyclic secondary amine is 10% -60% of the mass of the fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan.
Further, the alkali used in the step (2) is sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, and the addition amount of the alkali is 20-40% of the mass of the fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan.
Further, in the pulping of the organic solvent in the step (2), the organic solvent is petroleum ether, heptane, or toluene. The addition amount of the organic solvent is 100-300% of the mass of the fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan.
Further, in the step (3), the mass fraction of the sodium chloroacetate solution is 10% -30%.
The invention also protects an application of the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
The fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine is used as a foam extinguishing agent for fire control.
The fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine is used in a foam fire extinguishing agent composition for fire control.
Further, when the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine is used in the foam fire extinguishing agent composition for fire control, the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine accounts for 0.1 to 10 percent of the mass of the foam fire extinguishing agent composition for fire control.
The fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine and the preparation method and application thereof have the beneficial effects that:
(1) Because of adopting specific production raw materials, the raw materials have high activity. The fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan has high activity, replaces perfluorohexyl ethanol, can react with epoxy chloropropane under the catalysis of a small amount of triethylamine, and avoids the use of strong alkali sodium ethoxide; meanwhile, excessive raw materials are avoided being used as solvents, and the production cost is increased due to the fact that the raw materials are recycled.
(2) The intermediate B is thoroughly reacted, and the obtained intermediate B has high purity and does not need post-treatment, so that continuous feeding of the reaction can be realized, the production time is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.
(3) The atomic utilization rate is high, and the fluorocarbon raw material can be completely converted into a target product. In the synthesis process, no toxic and harmful raw materials are used, so that the production difficulty is greatly reduced.
(4) The fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine has the advantages that the group connected with the nitrogen atom is cycloalkyl, the space positioning effect is achieved, and the unstable surface tension caused by space torsion of chain-shaped C-O and C-C is avoided. And the cycloalkyl group connected with nitrogen atoms can lead the molecular arrangement to be more orderly and compact, and can lead the surface tension to be lower.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of fluorocarbon alkyl sulfide propyl betaine obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a fluorine spectrum of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a LCMS spectrum of fluorocarbon alkyl sulfide propyl betaine obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the manner in which the invention may be better understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine having the structural formula:
R f -X-Y-Z;
wherein the R is f A linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group of C6;
x is a C1-C12 straight or branched alkylene group;
y is-SCH 2 CHOH-CH 2 -N(R 3 )-R 4 -;
Z is-COO - ;
R 3 Cycloalkyl of C2-C6, R 3 Both ends of the group (A) are linked to N atoms to form a cyclic secondary amine, R 4 Is methylene.
As a preference, R 3 Cycloalkyl of C4, R 3 Both ends of the group(s) are linked to an N atom to form a cyclic secondary amine.
As a preference, X is a C1-C4 linear or branched alkylene radical.
The fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine has the following structural formula:
a preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan and triethylamine into a reactor, emptying the reactor, slowly adding 3-substituted epoxypropane, and reacting for 6-8 hours at 20-30 ℃ to obtain an intermediate B, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
(2) Adding isopropanol and cyclic secondary amine into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), reacting for 12-16 hours at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, adding alkali, stirring, concentrating the reaction liquid until the reaction liquid is dry, adding an organic solvent, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely an intermediate C, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
(3) Adding the intermediate C into sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating and refluxing for reaction for 10-12h, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
example 1
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl ethanethiol and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 30 ℃, and reacting for 8 hours at 30 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B with the product purity of 92.9%;
(2) Adding isopropanol and tetrahydropyrrole into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 50 ℃, reacting for 12 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain a reaction liquid, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction liquid, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely an intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 75 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Example 2
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl ethanethiol and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 20 ℃, and reacting for 6 hours at 20 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B;
(2) Adding isopropanol and tetrahydropyrrole into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 50 ℃, reacting for 12 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain a reaction liquid, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction liquid, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely an intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Example 3
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl methyl mercaptan and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 20 ℃, and reacting for 6 hours at 20 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B;
(2) Adding isopropanol and tetrahydropyrrole into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 40 ℃, reacting for 16 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction liquid, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction liquid, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely an intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Example 4
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl propanethiol and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 20 ℃, and reacting for 6 hours at 20 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B;
(2) Adding isopropanol and tetrahydropyrrole into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 40 ℃, reacting for 16 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction liquid, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction liquid, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely an intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Example 5
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl butyl mercaptan and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 20 ℃, and reacting for 6 hours at 20 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B;
(2) Adding isopropanol and tetrahydropyrrole into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 40 ℃, reacting for 16 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction liquid, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction liquid, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely an intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Example 6
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl ethanethiol and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 20 ℃, and reacting for 6 hours at 20 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B;
(2) Adding isopropanol and C2 cyclic secondary amine into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 40 ℃, reacting for 16 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction solution, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction solution, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely the intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Example 7
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl ethanethiol and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 20 ℃, and reacting for 6 hours at 20 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B;
(2) Adding isopropanol and C3 cyclic secondary amine into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 40 ℃, reacting for 16 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction solution, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction solution, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely the intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Example 8
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl ethanethiol and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 20 ℃, and reacting for 6 hours at 20 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B;
(2) Adding isopropyl alcohol and C5 cyclic secondary amine into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 40 ℃, reacting for 16 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction solution, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction solution, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely the intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Example 9
A preparation method of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding perfluorohexyl ethanethiol and triethylamine into a reactor, evacuating the reactor through nitrogen replacement, slowly dropwise adding epoxy chloropropane at 20 ℃, and reacting for 6 hours at 20 ℃ after dropwise adding to obtain an intermediate B;
(2) Adding isopropanol and C6 cyclic secondary amine into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), heating to 40 ℃, reacting for 16 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a reaction solution, adding sodium carbonate, concentrating the reaction solution, adding n-heptane, pulping, filtering, washing, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a light yellow liquid, namely the intermediate C;
(3) And adding the intermediate C into a sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating to 80 ℃ for reflux reaction for 12 hours, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine.
Characterization of Compounds
The final product obtained in example 1 was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the obtained spectrum is shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, the nuclear magnetic analysis thereof is:
1 HNMR(400MHz,Methanol-d4)δ4.22(dtd,J=10.2,5.9,1.8Hz,1H),4.06-3.82(m,5H),3.71(dt,J=11.6,7.0Hz,2H),3.55(dd,J=13.4,10.1Hz,1H),2.92-2.80(m,2H),2.762.62(m,2H),2.60-2.42(m,2H),2.17(t,J=4.2Hz,4H)。
the final product obtained in example 1 was analyzed by fluorine spectrum, and the obtained spectrum is shown in fig. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the nuclear magnetic analysis thereof is:
19 FNMR(376MHz,MeOD)δ-82.45,-115.30,-122.96,-123.94,-124.41,-127.36。
the final product obtained in example 1 was analyzed by LCMS and the spectrum obtained is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, LCMS analysis thereof is:
LCMS (ELSD, acid) spectra show: [ M+H ]] + = 566.0, and C17H20F13NO3S m/z= 565.0, analyzed as target molecular weight.
And determining the structure of the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine as a target product by combining a nuclear magnetism hydrogen spectrum, a fluorine spectrum and LCMS.
Application evaluation
Control 1: the mass components and the proportion of the water are 27 percent of perfluorohexyl ethyl sulfonamide propyl betaine, 30 percent of glycol and the balance of water.
Control 2: the weight components and the proportion of the components are 27 percent of perfluorooctyl ethyl sulfonamide sweet propyl vegetable alkali, 30 percent of glycol and the balance of water.
Control 3: the mass components and the proportion of the water are 27 percent of perfluorobutyl sulfonamide propyl betaine, 30 percent of glycol and the balance of water.
Control 4: the mass components and the proportion of the components are 27 percent of perfluorohexyl diethyl ether propyl betaine, 30 percent of glycol and the balance of water.
Preparing sample liquid 1# -14# of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, wherein the mass components of the sample liquid 1# -14# are 27% of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, 30% of ethylene glycol and the balance of water respectively. Comparing with reference 1-4;
diluting sample solutions prepared from reference substances 1-4 and 1# -14# fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine with deionized water for 2000 times, and measuring the surface tension of each diluted solution to obtain the results shown in Table 1:
table 1 results of performance comparisons
From the surface tension test results in Table 1, it was found that the surface tension of the controls 1 to 4 was generally between 17 and 18mN/m, the control 1 was at a minimum 16.31mN/m, and the surface tension of the sample solution 6# (fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine) was 16.57mN/m, which was similar to that of the control 1; however, the synthetic route of the reference substance 1 is longer, the production period is long, meanwhile, the highly toxic gas chlorine is needed in the reaction process, the requirements on the production conditions are severe, and the safety risk is high. The fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine has simpler production process, high safety performance and unexpected effect. From the results of the interfacial tension test in Table 1, it was found that the interfacial tension of sample solution # 6 (fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine) was 0.96mN/m, and that the interfacial tension of control 1 and control 4 was 1.2-1.3mN/m. The interfacial tension of the reference substance 2 and the reference substance 3 is 1.4-1.6mN/m. The sample liquid 6# (fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine) has extremely low surface tension and relatively lower interfacial tension, the surface tension and the interfacial tension are two most important indexes for measuring the spreadability of the foam liquid on the surface of the fuel, and the lower surface tension and the interfacial tension enable the spreading coefficient of the foam on the oil fuel to be larger, so that the foam can rapidly cover the combustion surface of the oil fuel in the fire extinguishing process and isolate air, thereby achieving the aim of rapidly extinguishing the fire.
Fire extinguishing performance test
Sample liquid 6# and the control products 1, 2, 3 and 4 are respectively prepared into corresponding fire extinguishing agent compositions.
The fire extinguishing agent composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8% hydrocarbon blowing agent, 3% diethylene glycol butyl ether, 0.6% fluorocarbon surfactant solution (test sample), balance water. The prepared fire extinguishing agent composition is respectively tested for foaming performance, fire extinguishing performance and burning resistance according to the requirements of a foam fire extinguishing agent (GB/T15308-2006), and the obtained data are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2 foaming, fire extinguishing and burn resistance test results
Sample name | Expansion ratio of foaming | Extinguishing time of fire | Burn time resistance |
Reference substance 1 | 7.74 | 1min52s | 16min20s |
Reference substance 2 | 7.71 | 1min59s | 17min20s |
Reference substance 3 | 7.77 | 2min01s | 12min30s |
Control 4 | 7.81 | 1min58s | 15min55s |
Sample solution 6# | 7.79 | 1min52s | 17min05s |
As can be seen from Table 2, the foaming times were all 7.7 to 7.8 for the respective test samples.
The fire extinguishing experiment shows that the fire extinguishment is completed in 1min52s for both the control substance 1 and the sample liquid 6. The rest samples are about 2 minutes, which shows that the fire extinguishing rate of the invention is good.
The burn-resistant experiment shows that the burn-resistant time of the reference substance 2 and the sample liquid 6# is longer and respectively 17min20s and 17min05s, and both are more than 17min, but the fluorocarbon surfactant of the reference substance 2 introduces toxic gas in the synthesis process, so that the production process is difficult and the process is complex. The rest samples, reference 1, reference 4, reference 3 and reference 3 are respectively 16min and 20s, 15min and 55s and 12min and 30s, respectively.
The comprehensive test results show that the fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine has long burning resistance time, rapid fire extinguishing, and all properties in the optimal and the front of the control sample, and the comprehensive performance reaches or exceeds that of the control sample.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiment of the invention is disclosed only as a preferred embodiment of the invention, and is only used for illustrating the technical scheme of the invention, but not limiting the technical scheme; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that; the technical scheme recorded in the various embodiments can be modified or part of technical features in the technical scheme can be replaced equivalently; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (8)
1. A fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, characterized in that: has the following structural formula:
R f -X-Y-Z;
wherein the R is f A linear perfluoroalkyl group of C6;
x is a C1-C12 linear alkylene group;
y is-SCH 2 CHOH-CH 2 -N(R 3 )-R 4 -;
Z is-COO - ;
The R is 3 Cycloalkyl of C2-C6, said R 3 Both ends of the group(s) are linked to the N to form a cyclic secondary amine, R 4 Is methylene.
2. The fluorocarbon alkyl sulfide propyl betaine of claim 1, wherein: the R is 3 Cycloalkyl of C4, said R 3 Both ends of the group(s) are linked to the N to form a cyclic secondary amine.
3. A process for the preparation of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan and triethylamine into a reactor, emptying the reactor, slowly adding 3-substituted epoxypropane, and reacting for 6-8 hours at 20-30 ℃ to obtain an intermediate B, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
;
(2) Adding isopropanol and cyclic secondary amine into the intermediate B obtained in the step (1), reacting for 12-16 hours at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, adding alkali, stirring, concentrating the reaction liquid to dryness, adding an organic solvent, pulping, filtering, washing, concentrating the filtrate to obtain light yellow liquid, namely an intermediate C, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
;
(3) Adding the intermediate C into sodium chloroacetate solution, adding isopropanol, heating and refluxing for reaction for 10-12h, concentrating the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing to obtain a white solid product, namely fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
;
x in the reaction formulas of the step (1) and the step (2) is Cl, br, or OTf;
in the reaction formulas of the step (1), the step (2) and the step (3), n is 1, or 2, or 3, or 4; in the reaction formulas of the step (2) and the step (3), m is 0, or 1, or 2, or 3, or 4.
4. A process for the preparation of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cyclic secondary amine in the step (2) is a C2-C6 cyclic secondary amine.
5. A process for the preparation of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, according to claim 3, characterized in that: the reaction temperature of the intermediate C and isopropanol in the step (3) in the sodium chloroacetate solution is 70-90 ℃.
6. A process for the preparation of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, according to claim 3, characterized in that: the addition amount of the triethylamine in the step (1) is 0.2-3% of the mass of fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan; the addition amount of the 3-substituted epoxypropane is 20-30% of the mass of the fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan.
7. A process for the preparation of fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine, according to claim 3, characterized in that: the addition amount of the isopropanol in the step (2) is 100% of the mass of the fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan, and the addition amount of the cyclic secondary amine is 10% -60% of the mass of the fluorocarbon alkyl mercaptan.
8. Use of a fluorocarbon alkyl thioether propyl betaine according to claim 1, wherein: as a fire-fighting foam extinguishing agent or in a fire-fighting foam extinguishing agent composition.
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