CN117486713B - Method for selectively extracting DHA from microalgae based on bisimidazole ionic liquid - Google Patents

Method for selectively extracting DHA from microalgae based on bisimidazole ionic liquid Download PDF

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CN117486713B
CN117486713B CN202311374575.5A CN202311374575A CN117486713B CN 117486713 B CN117486713 B CN 117486713B CN 202311374575 A CN202311374575 A CN 202311374575A CN 117486713 B CN117486713 B CN 117486713B
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ionic liquid
dha
bisimidazole
microalgae
extracting
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CN117486713A (en
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吴悦
李邦旭
文莉莉
朱丽丽
宋宗伟
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Shandong Yuexiang Biological Co ltd
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Shandong Yuexiang Biological Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for selectively extracting DHA from microalgae based on biimidazole ionic liquid, which takes microalgae grease as a raw material, adds an alkaline alcohol solution, and carries out heating reflux; adding deionized water and bisimidazole ionic liquid, standing and layering; and taking the lower layer solution, adding acid to adjust the pH value, extracting by using an organic solvent, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product. The bisimidazole ionic liquid adopted by the invention can be used for selectively extracting DHA in microalgae, has high extraction rate and purity and good selectivity, and has good industrial production application prospect.

Description

Method for selectively extracting DHA from microalgae based on bisimidazole ionic liquid
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural product extraction, in particular to a method for selectively extracting DHA from microalgae based on biimidazole ionic liquid.
Background
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), commonly known as brain gold, is a polyunsaturated fatty acid very important for human body, and belongs to an important member of Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid family. DHA has a plurality of important nutritional functions, is an important component for constituting higher animal cells, and can have special prevention and treatment effects on cardiovascular diseases, such as: (1) beneficial to brain and vision development in infants; (2) beneficial to cardiovascular health; (3) beneficial for the prevention and treatment of cancer; (4) to aid in the treatment of psychotic disorders. With the increasing demand of the fish oil, the fish oil is only used as a production source, which can not meet the demand, and has the problems of low yield, easy oxidation, heavy fishy smell and the like. The world seaweed resources are rich, the marine algae and DHA content in some plankton are rich. The coastline of China is long, the sea area is wide, seaweed resources are rich, but the seaweed creation value is low, the seaweed resources are developed and comprehensively utilized, and the economic value and the utilization value of the seaweed are improved.
CN10378764a discloses a method for extracting DHA from marine microalgae fermentation broth, which adopts the technological steps of enzymatic wall breaking treatment, centrifugal separation and extraction of crude oil, refining and purification, and the like to extract DHA. However, the process is complex, the refining and purification are needed, and the processes of degumming, deacidification, decoloration, deodorization and the like are not suitable for industrial production.
CN113480425B discloses a process for extracting DHA and EPA from microalgae, comprising the following steps: (1) microalgae cultivation; (2) crushing the raw materials; (3) enzymolysis; (4) sedimentation separation; (5) extraction; and (6) separating and purifying. However, the yield of the method is about 30%, the total content of DHA and EPA in the obtained product is about 80%, and the yield and purity are lower.
CN104388178a discloses a method for extracting DHA algae oil from algae cells, comprising the following steps: (1) Centrifuging and spray-drying an alga cell fermentation liquid to prepare alga cell dry powder, uniformly mixing the alga cell dry powder with absolute ethyl alcohol, and then carrying out high-pressure homogenizing wall breaking to prepare a wall-broken ethanol solution; (2) Evaporating the wall-broken ethanol solution at low temperature under vacuum, and removing ethanol to obtain wall-broken thallus; (3) Taking the wall-broken thalli, and carrying out CO2 supercritical extraction to obtain DHA algae oil. However, the supercritical gas extraction method has large equipment investment, high technical requirements and large energy consumption.
In conclusion, the prior art generally has the problems of low extraction rate and purity, complex process, high requirements on equipment and the like. Therefore, there is a need to provide a new method for extracting DHA, which has high extraction rate and high purity and is suitable for industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for extracting DHA from microalgae, which aims to solve the problems of low extraction rate and purity, complex process and the like in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
The method for selectively extracting DHA from microalgae based on the biimidazole ionic liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Taking microalgae grease as a raw material, adding an alkaline alcohol solution, and heating and refluxing; adding deionized water and bisimidazole ionic liquid, standing and layering;
2) And taking the lower layer solution, adding acid to adjust the pH value, extracting by using an organic solvent, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product.
In some embodiments, the structural general formula of the bisimidazole ionic liquid is as follows:
wherein X is Cl, br, I, BF 4、CF3SO3; Z1、Z2 independently selected from C1-C6 straight or branched alkyl, phenyl, benzyl.
In some embodiments, the Z 1、Z2 is independently selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, and benzyl, preferably the Z 1、Z2 is independently selected from methyl, ethyl, and benzyl.
In some embodiments, the bisimidazole-based ionic liquid is:
、/>
In some embodiments, the base of step 1) is NaOH, KOH, na 2CO3 or K 2CO3, preferably NaOH, KOH.
In some embodiments, the alcohol of step 1) is methanol or ethanol, preferably methanol.
In some embodiments, step 1) the microalgae lipid is preferably schizochytrium limacinum crude oil; the acid in the step 2) is dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid, and the pH is 1-4.
In some embodiments, step 1) the heating temperature is 30-60 ℃, preferably 40-50 ℃; the heating time is 1 to 5 hours, preferably 1 to 3 hours.
In some embodiments, the alcohol solution of the base has a concentration of 0.5mol/L to 1.5mol/L; the volume ratio of deionized water to the bisimidazole ionic liquid is as follows: 1 to 5.
In some embodiments, the organic solvent of step 2) is selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and petroleum ether, preferably chloroform and petroleum ether.
The post-treatment operation of the present invention, such as drying, concentrating under reduced pressure, may employ an operation method conventional in the art.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The bisimidazole ionic liquid adopted by the invention can be used for selectively extracting DHA in microalgae, and has high extraction rate and purity and good selectivity.
2) The DHA algae oil finished product with high purity can be obtained by simple extraction, the purity can reach 90%, the cost is low, the safety is good, and the method has good industrial production application prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
100G of schizochytrium limacinum crude oil (obtained by a squeezing method, purchased from Xiamen Huiyun biological Co., ltd., gas chromatography analysis, DHA content of the crude oil of 18.72%) is taken, placed in a flask, 100mL of 0.5mol/L NaOH-methanol solution is added, and heated and refluxed at 50℃for 2 hours. Then 50mL deionized water and 200mL ionic liquid were addedStanding for layering, and removing the upper unsaponifiable matter. And (3) taking the lower layer solution, adding dilute HCl to adjust the pH value to be 2.0, extracting with petroleum ether (500 ml x 3), combining ether layer organic phases, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product, and detecting by gas chromatography, wherein the DHA content in the product is 90.6%, and the extraction rate is 85.7%.
Example 2
100G of schizochytrium limacinum crude oil (obtained by a squeezing method, purchased from Xiamen Huiyun biological Co., ltd., gas chromatography analysis, DHA content of the crude oil of 18.72%) is taken, placed in a flask, 100ml of 1.0mol/L NaOH-methanol solution is added, and heated and refluxed at 40 ℃ for 1h. Then 50mL deionized water and 300mL ionic liquid were addedStanding for layering, and removing the upper unsaponifiable matter. And (3) taking the lower layer solution, adding dilute HCl to adjust the pH to be 2.5, extracting with petroleum ether (500 ml x 3), combining ether layer organic phases, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product, and detecting by gas chromatography, wherein the DHA content in the product is 91.3%, and the extraction rate is 85.2%.
Example 3
100G of schizochytrium limacinum crude oil (obtained by a squeezing method, purchased from Xiamen Huiyun biological Co., ltd., gas chromatography analysis, wherein DHA content in the crude oil is 18.72%) is put into a 1.0L flask, 50mL of 0.5mol/L NaOH-methanol solution is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed at 45 ℃ for 3 hours. Then 50mL deionized water and 400mL ionic liquid were addedStanding for layering, and removing the upper unsaponifiable matter. And (3) taking the lower layer solution, adding dilute HCl to adjust the pH to be 3.0, extracting with petroleum ether (500 ml x 3), combining ether layer organic phases, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product, and detecting by gas chromatography, wherein the DHA content in the product is 90.8%, and the extraction rate is 87.6%.
Example 4
100G of schizochytrium limacinum crude oil (obtained by a squeezing method, purchased from Xiamen Huiyun biological Co., ltd., content of DHA in the crude oil being 18.72%) is taken, placed in a 1.0L flask, 100mL of 0.5mol/L NaOH-ethanol solution is added, and heated and refluxed at 40℃for 2 hours. Then 50mL deionized water and 350 mL ionic liquid are addedStanding for layering, and removing the upper unsaponifiable matter. And (3) taking the lower layer solution, adding dilute HCl to adjust the pH to be 3.0, extracting with chloroform (500 mL 3), combining chloroform organic phases, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product, and detecting by gas chromatography, wherein the DHA content in the product is 90.5%, and the extraction rate is 86.1%.
Comparative example 1
100G of schizochytrium limacinum crude oil (obtained by a squeezing method, purchased from Xiamen Huiyun biological Co., ltd., gas chromatography analysis, DHA content of the crude oil of 18.72%) is taken, placed in a flask, 100mL of 0.5 mL NaOH-methanol solution is added, and heated and refluxed at 50℃for 2 hours. 200mL of deionized water was then added, and the layer was allowed to stand to remove the upper unsaponifiable material. And (3) taking the lower layer solution, adding dilute HCl to adjust the pH value to be 2.0, extracting with petroleum ether (500 ml x 3), combining ether layer organic phases, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product, and detecting by gas chromatography, wherein the DHA content in the product is 38.4%, and the extraction rate is 35.1%.
Comparative example 2
100G of schizochytrium limacinum crude oil (obtained by a squeezing method, purchased from Xiamen Huiyun biological Co., ltd., gas chromatography analysis, DHA content of the crude oil of 18.72%) is taken, placed in a flask, 100mL of 0.5 mL NaOH-methanol solution is added, and heated and refluxed at 50℃for 2 hours. Then 50mL of deionized water and 200mL of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3 methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate were addedStanding for layering, and removing the upper unsaponifiable matter. And (3) taking the lower layer solution, adding dilute HCl to adjust the pH value to be 2.0, extracting with petroleum ether (500 ml x 3), combining ether layer organic phases, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product, and detecting by gas chromatography, wherein the DHA content in the product is 55.1%, and the extraction rate is 65.3%.
The above examples are presented for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And thus obvious variations or modifications to the disclosure are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The method for selectively extracting DHA from microalgae based on the biimidazole ionic liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Adding an alcohol solution of alkali into schizochytrium limacinum crude oil serving as a raw material, and heating and refluxing; adding deionized water and bisimidazole ionic liquid, standing and layering;
2) Taking the lower layer solution, adding acid to adjust the pH value, extracting by using an organic solvent, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a DHA algae oil finished product;
the structure of the bisimidazole ionic liquid is one of the following compounds:
、/>
the base is NaOH, KOH, na 2CO3 or K 2CO3; the alcohol is methanol or ethanol;
the organic solvent in step 2) is selected from dichloromethane, chloroform, acetone, ethanol and petroleum ether.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
The acid in the step 2) is dilute HCl or dilute sulfuric acid, and the pH value is 1-4.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
The heating temperature of the step 1) is 30-60 ℃, and the heating time is 1-5 h.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
The concentration of the alcohol solution of the alkali is 0.5 mol/L-1.5 mol/L; the volume ratio of deionized water to the bisimidazole ionic liquid is as follows: 1 to 5.
CN202311374575.5A 2023-10-23 Method for selectively extracting DHA from microalgae based on bisimidazole ionic liquid Active CN117486713B (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103396303A (en) * 2013-07-25 2013-11-20 浙江大学 Method for separating and purifying eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from micro-algal oil or fish oil

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103396303A (en) * 2013-07-25 2013-11-20 浙江大学 Method for separating and purifying eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from micro-algal oil or fish oil

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