CN1174824C - Technology for making special shaped great ceramet parts - Google Patents
Technology for making special shaped great ceramet parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN1174824C CN1174824C CNB001243411A CN00124341A CN1174824C CN 1174824 C CN1174824 C CN 1174824C CN B001243411 A CNB001243411 A CN B001243411A CN 00124341 A CN00124341 A CN 00124341A CN 1174824 C CN1174824 C CN 1174824C
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- ceramet
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing special-shaped large cermet products. The method is composed of a false granule manufacturing step, a superhigh pressure shaping step, a semi-product soft burning step, a semi-product machining step and a hard fire step. Cermet products manufactured with the method have the advantages of precise geometric size and no crack, crazing or cracking. All performance indexes meet the requirement of design, and the method of is suitable for large-scale industrialized production.
Description
The application divides an application, the application number of original bill: 94197851.5, and the denomination of invention of original bill: metal-ceramic slender tube material is in the manufacture method and the goods thereof of big part special-shaped product.
Technical field
The present invention relates to sintering metal product preparation technical field, specifically relate to a kind of technical field of manufacture method of special shaped great ceramet parts.
Background technology
Ceramic-metal composite combines the performance of refractory metal and ceramic oxide material, is a kind of novel high-temperature material.The product of being made by cermet material has considerably beyond a series of good performance of simple refractory metal and ceramic oxide product, and is easily oxidized in high temperature as refractory metal, so hot strength and hardness descend; And the in use not anti-chilling of pure advanced ceramic oxide compound goods is hot, and the big deadly defect of fragility is especially arranged.But the ceramic-metal combination that makes after adopting refractory metal and advanced ceramic oxide compound compound through isostatic pressing machine moulding and high temperature sintering has high temperature resistant (＞2000 ℃), hot strength height, hardness is big; Heat stability is good, anti-thermal shock, emergency heat and cooling property resistance chilling excellent property; Various metals, nonmetal liquation, slag all had very strong corrosion strength and scour resistance; If adopt different proportioning raw materials, ceramic-metal combination also has good anti-oxidant reducing property in addition.
As mentioned above, since ceramic-metal combination have simple refractory metal and simple ceramic oxide a series of comprehensive excellent technique performance that can't match in excellence or beauty, thereby extensive and requisite purposes is arranged in industrial technology fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, metallurgy, machinery, electronics, chemical industry, building materials.
Big part special-shaped product with ceramic-metal combination of excellent comprehensive performance all presses in industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, metallurgy, papermaking.The pyrolytic tanks of using as the vapourizing furnace boiler tube of rocket afterbody spout, blast-furnace tuyere, gasification, large-scale sweet pot, paper industry etc. all are big of sintering metal or big part special-shaped product.Wherein the hydraucone physical dimension of rear portion nozzle is more than φ 320mm; The blast-furnace tuyere physical dimension of metallurgical industry can reach more than φ 400 * 450mm; Pyrolytic tank two ends axle journal is carefully grown and is 250mm, and the long 380mm of two axle journals bulge broad in the middle, two end axles neck have flange, and 4 of stud bolt holes are arranged on the ring flange.The special shaped great ceramet parts that of this sort complex structure, physical dimension differ has many, but the technology of manufacturing special shaped great ceramet parts still is in conceptual phase at present both at home and abroad, is not suitable for the method for heavy industrialization.Why difficult industrialization of the production of the big part special-shaped product of this metalloid pottery, be because this series products geometrical dimension is big, difficulty is big in the preparation, be prone to bending in process of production, be out of shape, crack or the rimose quality problems, be difficult to obtain the qualified product of geometrical dimension, baroque product is more difficult to be produced, and disintegrating merotomizes produces the technical qualification that do not satisfy the on-the-spot use of user again.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of manufacture method of special shaped great ceramet parts, and this method has solved above-mentioned product quality problems, can make the accurate qualified product of geometrical dimension, is a kind of production technique that is suitable for heavy industrialization.
The manufacture method of manufacturing special shaped great ceramet parts of the present invention is made up of following processing step:
(1) makes false particle step;
(2) ultra-high voltage forming step;
(3) high temperature burns till step;
(4) machining steps.
The special shaped great ceramet parts that makes according to manufacture method of the present invention all obtains the accurate qualified product of geometrical dimension, and product flawless, be full of cracks, cracking phenomena, satisfy every physical performance index requirement, the workmanship that has solved special shaped great ceramet parts does not pass a test and the heavy industrialization problem.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the shove charge synoptic diagram of big part special-shaped product blast-furnace tuyere
Fig. 2 is a charged mould synoptic diagram before big part special-shaped product-large-scale nozzle moulding
Among the figure: 1-support platform, 2-heat-insulation and heat-preservation pad, 3-graphite felt pads, 4-graphite plate, 5-alumina article pad, 6-zirconium white workplatform, 7-backing strap, 8-graphite protection bucket, 9-ZrO
2Granule filling material, the 10-blast-furnace tuyere, the 11-rubber plug, 12-rubber die sleeve, 13-steel core mould, 14-are suspended on low melting alloy or the compound wax material on the steel core mould, the fastening card of 15-, the 16-false particle accept-work in-process nozzle in the rubber mold of packing into, 17-sand block plate
Embodiment
(1) make false particle step:
This step is made of successively following operation: prepare acceptable material, preparation raw material, then with each component uniform mixing, then dried compound is made false particle.
According to preparation method of the present invention, the selection of raw material there is strict demand, i.e. the granularity of each component raw material accounting for more than 90% less than 5 μ.The purity of metal powder such as molybdenum powder, tungsten powder 〉=99.9%, ceramic oxide MgO, ZrO
2, Al
2O
3Fine powder, Cr
2O
3, chromium powder and rare earth oxide purity 〉=more than 99.5%.
When the sintering metal oxide compound is prepared burden, ceramic usually material composition accounting example 66% (counting by weight percentage), all the other are metal item raw material, as molybdenum powder, tungsten powder.
False particulate manufacturing be with the above-mentioned raw material for preparing behind the ball mill uniform mixing, in the rubber mold of not being with steel core of packing into after the encapsulation, the high pressure vessel of putting into isostatic pressing machine again suppresses that (pressure is 800-900kg/cm
2, take out the back fragmentation and sieve, obtain the small-particle of 0.1-0.8mm, be false particle, as the mould material of following step.
(2) ultra-high voltage forming step:
This step is made of successively following operation: dry false particle, pack in the mould, ultra-high voltage moulding, work in-process drying.
With false particle when filling with substance in mould, should guarantee false particulate uniform distribution as far as possible.Mould therefor is a kind of rubber mold in the manufacture method of the present invention, and it should have grease-proof full rubber sleeve, and its thickness uses with the even transmission and the weather resistance that guarantee pressure between 5-8.3mm.
Core rod to mould, for special-shaped big part goods that can not knockout, there is not the outer surface at tapering position will hang up low melting alloy or compound wax material at its core rod, form compound core, with work in-process nozzle 16 in the isostatic pressing machine moulding, after uncloaking, putting loft drier into together with composite core sets, when dry the temperature inside the box rose to 180 ℃, low melting alloy just was melted, and just can take out steel core easily.This design is to be convenient to the demoulding, to produce qualified special-shaped big part goods.This low melting alloy is raw materials used to be made up of Bi, Pb and Sn, and compound wax material is formed in proportion with white paraffin, stearic acid, ceresine usually.
The technology of the ultra-high voltage moulding in the manufacture method of the present invention is ultra-high voltage (forming pressure＞1800kg/cm in waiting static pressure
2) moulding, the normal temperature isostatic pressing machine is a kind of extra-high tension unit, isostatic pressing machine can apply each to even static pressure to the pressurized body, is a kind of preferred molding device.
(3) high temperature burns till step:
This step is made up of following operation: work in-process repaired biscuit, work in-process drying, work in-process shove charge, sintering, come out of the stove.
Before to work in-process shove charge sintering of the present invention, must repair work in-process, the work in-process after the passed examination can the shove charge sintering, to guarantee to be fired into qualified product.
What the sintering process in the manufacturing process of the present invention adopted is ultrahigh-temperature vacuum induction sintering oven, and this sintering oven work area temperature can successfully be raised to 2000 ℃, clean in the stove, easily vacuumize, and be preferred agglomerating plant.
Manufacturing method according to the invention will be sintered after thing is installed on the workplatform, be sintered big graphite protection bucket on the outer race of thing, be sintered between the peripheral space of thing and grog ZrO is evenly filled at the top
2Fine particle, the amount of inserting will exceed the 20-30mm that is sintered the goods overhead height, ZrO
2Granularity is 0.1-0.5mm.
Then add carrier in its bottom between worktable for big part special-shaped product, as backing strap 7, the shrinking percentage that constitutes support material is not less than the shrinking percentage that is sintered goods, and thickness is at least 27mm.
As shown in Figure 1, sand block plate 17 is installed in the top, air port, is used to stop ZrO
2Sand grains enters the inside of blast-furnace tuyere, and molybdenum sheet or tungsten sheet that it is 0.1-1mm by a circular thickness are made, and backing strap 17 is installed for big part special-shaped product blast-furnace tuyere is special, and it is positioned between blast-furnace tuyere 10 bottoms and the zirconium white workplatform 6.
In firing process, heat-up rate and soaking time are all carried out according to the heating curve of sintered article, usually heat-up rate is at 85～95 ℃/hour, firing range is (concrete maximum sintering temperature is decided because of composition of raw materials) between 1850～1950 ℃, when furnace temperature is raised to the desired top temperature of heating curve, constant temperature time is no less than 3 hours, and total sintering time is no less than 24 hours.When constant temperature time reached in the stove, the continuous water coolant that cuts off the power supply when the temperature of furnace roof and furnace bottom reaches 300 ℃, stopped cooling, treated can come out of the stove when the interior temperature of stove is reduced to 100 ℃.
(4) machining steps:
Can carry out cold and hot mechanical workout according to the needs of practical use for the product after coming out of the stove, process for machining such as available line is cut, electrical spark, laser make needed qualified ceramic-metal combination.
Embodiment 1, and making physical dimension is the big part special-shaped product blast-furnace tuyere of φ 462 * 516mm.
Press ceramic oxide (MgO, ZrO
2) accounting for 66% (weight percent), remaining is the ratio preparation raw material of metal powder (Mo, W powder), takes by weighing the Mo powder of chemical purity＞99.9% and by MgO, ZrO
2Mixture, both purity all＞99.5%, the fineness of each component all is not more than 0.8 μ.
With the above-mentioned raw materials that takes by weighing by above-mentioned detailed step, through mixing, dry, make false particle, drying after, false particle is packed in the rubber mold, put into work in-process after static pressure machine high-pressure molding, work in-process drying, the passed examination by the mode shown in Figure 1 ultrahigh-temperature vacuum induction sintering oven sintering of packing into, come out of the stove the back to the product machining, promptly finish whole technological processs after inspection after construction is qualified.
According to ceramic oxide (MgO, ZrO
2) accounting for 66% (weight percent), remaining is the ratio preparation raw material of metal powder (Mo, W powder), takes by weighing the Mo powder of chemical purity＞99.9% and by MgO, ZrO
2Mixture, both purity all＞99.5%, the fineness of each component all is not more than 0.8 μ.
With the above-mentioned raw materials that takes by weighing by above-mentioned detailed step, through mixing, dry, make false particle, drying after, false particle is packed in the rubber mold, put into work in-process after static pressure machine high-pressure molding, work in-process drying, the passed examination by the mode shown in Figure 2 ultrahigh-temperature vacuum induction sintering oven sintering of packing into, come out of the stove the back to the product machining, promptly finish whole technological processs after inspection after construction is qualified.
Claims (3)
1, the manufacture method of special shaped great ceramet parts is characterized in that: this method comprises the following steps:
(1) powder that be selected from magnesium oxide, zirconium white, aluminum oxide or chromic oxide that account for 90% or more 66% (weight) of granularity less than 5 microns mixed with the metal-powder that is selected from molybdenum, tungsten of surplus, pack in the rubber mold of not being with steel core after the encapsulation, putting into pressure is 800-900kg/cm
2The isostatic pressing machine high pressure vessel in the compacting, fragmentation is sieved and is obtained the particle of 0.1-0.8mm;
(2) particle that step (1) is made is being higher than 1800kg/cm
2The hydrostatic pressure compacted under, make formed body;
(3) in the vacuum induction sintering oven, under 1850-1950 ℃ temperature, fire the formed body that step (2) makes, wherein temperature rise speed is 85-95 ℃/hour, constant temperature time is no less than 3 hours, cools off, and carries out machining then; Wherein, the stove inner filling material is the ZrO of 0.1-0.5mm
2Particle.
2, according to the manufacture method of the special shaped great ceramet parts of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the purity of metal powder 〉=99.9% wherein; The purity of oxide compound 〉=99.5%.
3, according to the manufacture method of the special shaped great ceramet parts of claim 1, it is characterized in that: wherein rubber is grease-proof, and rubber thickness is at 5-8.3mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001243411A CN1174824C (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2000-09-08 | Technology for making special shaped great ceramet parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001243411A CN1174824C (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2000-09-08 | Technology for making special shaped great ceramet parts |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94107851A Division CN1058691C (en) | 1994-07-21 | 1994-07-21 | Method for manufacture of metal-ceramic slender tube material and large shaped products |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1302708A CN1302708A (en) | 2001-07-11 |
| CN1174824C true CN1174824C (en) | 2004-11-10 |
Family
ID=4590357
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001243411A Expired - Fee Related CN1174824C (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2000-09-08 | Technology for making special shaped great ceramet parts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1174824C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817080B (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2012-05-09 | 四川科力特硬质合金股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing hard alloy ball |
| CN102701568B (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2014-07-09 | 山东理工大学 | Preparation method for ceramic liner for high-purity quartz continuous smelting furnace and continuous smelting furnace |
| CN104178651A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2014-12-03 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Method of preparing zirconium oxide-tungsten metal ceramic |
| CN104057271B (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-05-18 | 福建金鑫钨业股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of carbide alloy tool and mould |
-
2000
- 2000-09-08 CN CNB001243411A patent/CN1174824C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1302708A (en) | 2001-07-11 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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Granted publication date: 20041110 Termination date: 20110721 |