CN117482342A - Method for controlling ventilation equipment and ventilation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of controlling a ventilation device and a ventilation device, the method comprising: acquiring a device signal related to a device in the ventilation device controlling ventilation flow and acquiring a ventilation signal including at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal during the ventilation device providing mechanical ventilation to a ventilation subject; determining a trigger sensitivity for a ventilation trigger based on the ventilation signal based at least on the device signal; identifying a ventilation trigger signal in the ventilation signal according to the trigger sensitivity; and when the ventilation trigger signal is identified, controlling the ventilation equipment to switch the ventilation state. The present application adjusts the sensitivity of ventilation triggering based on device signals associated with devices in the ventilation apparatus that control ventilation flow, thereby improving human-machine synchronization performance.

Description

Method for controlling ventilation equipment and ventilation equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the medical field, and more particularly to a method of controlling a ventilation device and a ventilation device.

Background

Ventilators, anesthesia machines and the like, which can replace artificial autonomous ventilation, are currently widely applied to respiratory failure, respiratory treatment and emergency resuscitation, and occupy very important positions in the field of modern medicine. When the ventilation equipment provides mechanical ventilation, man-machine countermeasure caused by man-machine asynchronism is one of the most common complications, and the man-machine countermeasure can cause the increase of work done by breathing of a patient, increase of oxygen consumption, increase of circulatory burden, myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, and induction of heart failure and even death.

The problem of asynchronous man-machine has not been thoroughly solved so far, and the main reason is that the traditional ventilation equipment is used for triggering pressure or flow signals of air supply or air release, on one hand, the pressure or flow signals lag behind muscle reflection of the breathing of a patient, and on the other hand, the pressure or flow signals are easily interfered by the outside, such as large leakage or pipeline delay, and the like, so that the breathing of the patient is mistakenly identified, and the man-machine countermeasure is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In the summary, a series of concepts in a simplified form are introduced, which will be further described in detail in the detailed description. The summary of the present application is not intended to define the key features and essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter.

In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling a ventilation device, including:

acquiring a device signal related to a device in the ventilation device controlling ventilation flow and acquiring a ventilation signal including at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal during the ventilation device providing mechanical ventilation to a ventilation subject;

determining a trigger sensitivity for a ventilation trigger based on the ventilation signal based at least on the device signal;

Identifying a ventilation trigger signal in the ventilation signal according to the trigger sensitivity;

and when the ventilation trigger signal is identified, controlling the ventilation equipment to switch the ventilation state.

In one embodiment, the device signal comprises a turbine signal associated with a turbine of the ventilator, and/or a valve signal associated with a valve of the ventilator.

In one embodiment, the turbine signal includes at least one of: turbine speed signal, turbine current signal, turbine voltage signal, turbine power signal, and turbine control signal; the valve signal comprises a valve current signal.

In one embodiment, the determining a trigger sensitivity for ventilation triggering based on the ventilation signal based at least on the device signal comprises:

determining a threshold range in which the intensity of the device signal is located, and selecting a trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range in which the intensity of the device signal is located, wherein the higher the threshold range in which the intensity of the device signal is located, the lower the trigger sensitivity.

In one embodiment, the threshold range in which the intensity of the device signal is located is a threshold range greater than a first threshold or a threshold range not greater than the first threshold;

The selecting the trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range where the intensity of the device signal is located includes: a first trigger sensitivity is selected when the intensity of the device signal is greater than the first threshold, and a second trigger sensitivity is selected when the intensity of the device signal is not greater than the first threshold, the first trigger sensitivity being lower than the second trigger sensitivity.

In one embodiment, the determining a trigger sensitivity for ventilation triggering based on the ventilation signal based at least on the device signal comprises:

and determining a threshold range of the change rate of the device signal, and selecting a trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range of the change rate of the device signal, wherein the higher the threshold range of the change rate of the device signal is, the lower the trigger sensitivity is.

In one embodiment, the threshold range at which the rate of change of the device signal is at is greater than or no greater than a second threshold; the selecting the trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range where the rate of change of the device signal is located includes: a first trigger sensitivity is selected when the rate of change of the device signal is greater than the second threshold, and a second trigger sensitivity is selected when the rate of change of the device signal is not greater than the second threshold, the first trigger sensitivity being lower than the second trigger sensitivity.

In one embodiment, the determining a trigger sensitivity for ventilation triggering based on the ventilation signal from the device signal comprises:

and converting the intensity or the change rate of the device signal according to a preset conversion relation to obtain the trigger sensitivity.

In one embodiment, the ventilation signal comprises a first ventilation signal and a second ventilation signal, the first ventilation signal being the flow rate signal, the second ventilation signal being the pressure signal, or the first ventilation signal being the pressure signal, the second ventilation signal being the flow rate signal;

the determining trigger sensitivity for ventilation triggering based on the ventilation signal based at least on the device signal comprises: determining a trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal from the device signal and the first ventilation signal;

the identifying a ventilation trigger signal in the ventilation signals according to the trigger sensitivity comprises: and identifying the ventilation trigger signal in the second ventilation signal according to the trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal.

In one embodiment, the determining the trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal from the device signal and the first ventilation signal comprises:

Inputting the device signal and the first ventilation signal into an intelligent algorithm to obtain ventilation trigger probability output by the intelligent algorithm;

the trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal corresponding to the ventilation trigger probability is determined.

In one embodiment, the intelligent algorithm comprises a fuzzy algorithm, a neural network, or a machine learning algorithm.

A second aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a method of controlling a ventilation device, comprising:

acquiring a device signal related to a device in the ventilation device controlling ventilation flow and acquiring a ventilation signal including at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal during the ventilation device providing mechanical ventilation to a ventilation subject;

identifying a ventilation trigger time based on the device signal and the ventilation signal;

and when the ventilation triggering time is identified, controlling the ventilation equipment to switch the ventilation state.

In one embodiment, the device signal comprises a turbine signal associated with a turbine of the ventilator, and/or a valve signal associated with a valve of the ventilator.

In one embodiment, the turbine signal includes at least one of: turbine speed signal, turbine current signal, turbine voltage signal, turbine power signal, and turbine control signal; the valve signal comprises a valve current signal.

In one embodiment, the identifying a ventilation trigger time from the device signal and the ventilation signal comprises:

determining a first threshold range corresponding to the device signal in a plurality of threshold ranges set for the device signal;

determining a second threshold range corresponding to the ventilation signal in a plurality of threshold ranges set for the ventilation signal;

and when the combination of the first threshold range and the second threshold range meets a preset requirement, determining the current moment as the ventilation trigger moment.

In one embodiment, when the combination of the first threshold range and the second threshold range meets a preset requirement, determining the current moment as the ventilation trigger moment includes:

determining ventilation trigger probabilities corresponding to the first threshold range and the second threshold range;

and when the ventilation trigger probability is larger than a preset threshold value, determining the current moment as the ventilation trigger moment.

In one embodiment, the first threshold range corresponding to the device signal is a first threshold range corresponding to the intensity of the device signal or a first threshold range corresponding to the rate of change of the device signal; the second threshold range corresponding to the ventilation signal is a second threshold range corresponding to the intensity of the ventilation signal or a second threshold range corresponding to the change rate of the ventilation signal.

In one embodiment, the identifying a ventilation trigger time from the device signal and the ventilation signal comprises:

inputting the device signal and the ventilation signal into an intelligent algorithm, and acquiring ventilation trigger probability of the current moment output by the intelligent algorithm;

and when the ventilation triggering probability at the current moment is higher than a preset threshold value, determining that the current moment is the ventilation triggering moment.

A third aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a ventilation apparatus, the ventilation apparatus comprising:

a breathing circuit for delivering gas provided by a gas source to the ventilated subject for mechanical ventilation, the breathing circuit comprising means for controlling ventilation flow;

a sensor for acquiring a ventilation signal during the mechanical ventilation, the ventilation signal comprising at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal;

a processor coupled to the means for controlling ventilation flow and the sensor for performing the method of controlling ventilation apparatus as described above.

According to the method for controlling the ventilation equipment and the ventilation equipment, the sensitivity of ventilation triggering is adjusted based on the device signals related to the devices for controlling the ventilation flow in the ventilation equipment, and false triggering caused by various interferences is prevented by adjusting the sensitivity, so that the man-machine synchronization performance is improved.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following more particular description of embodiments of the present application, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the application and not constitute a limitation to the application. In the drawings, like reference numerals generally refer to like parts or steps.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a method of controlling a ventilation device according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of ventilation signals and device signals according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow chart of a method of controlling a ventilation device according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a ventilation device according to one embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application and not all of the embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the present application is not limited by the example embodiments described herein. Based on the embodiments of the present application described herein, all other embodiments that may be made by one skilled in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, some features well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the present application.

It should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

For a thorough understanding of the present application, detailed structures will be presented in the following description in order to illustrate the technical solutions presented herein. Alternative embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, however, the present application may have other implementations in addition to these detailed descriptions.

Hereinafter, a method of controlling a ventilation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring first to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method 100 of controlling a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, a method 100 of controlling a ventilation device according to one embodiment of the present application includes the steps of:

in step S110, during the process of the ventilation apparatus providing mechanical ventilation to the ventilation subject, acquiring a device signal related to a device in the ventilation apparatus controlling a ventilation flow, and acquiring a ventilation signal, the ventilation signal including at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal;

determining a trigger sensitivity for a ventilation trigger based on the ventilation signal based on at least the device signal at step S120;

at step S130, identifying a ventilation trigger signal in the ventilation signals according to the trigger sensitivity;

in step S140, when the ventilation trigger signal is identified, the ventilation device is controlled to switch the ventilation state.

The method 100 for controlling the ventilation device is implemented in the process that the ventilation device provides mechanical ventilation for a ventilation object, determines the triggering sensitivity of ventilation triggering according to device signals, and can improve the accuracy of ventilation triggering and the man-machine synchronization performance of the ventilation device by fusion judgment of various signals.

The ventilation device may be implemented as a device for providing mechanical ventilation to a subject to be ventilated, which may specifically refer to a patient suffering from a trauma who needs to breathe by means of the ventilation device due to respiratory failure or spontaneous breathing difficulties. Mechanical ventilation is performed by the ventilation device to provide respiratory support when the respiratory system of the ventilated subject is unable to complete normal spontaneous breathing. The ventilation device of the embodiment of the application can be realized as medical devices with mechanical ventilation functions such as a respirator and an anesthesia machine.

Mechanical ventilation in which the ventilator completes one breathing cycle requires four phases to go through, respectively, an inspiration trigger (ventilator begins to deliver air), an inspiration phase (ventilator delivers air), an expiration switch (ventilator ends delivers air), and an expiration process. Wherein the ventilation object actively inhales, and causes the pressure or flow rate in the airway to change, and the ventilation device senses the inhalation action of the ventilation object and starts air supply, which is called inhalation triggering. The higher the sensitivity of the inspiratory trigger, the faster the ventilator is able to sense spontaneous respiratory effort of the ventilated subject, the less work of breathing the ventilated subject requires for inspiratory trigger, but at the same time, the higher the sensitivity of the inspiratory trigger, the greater the likelihood of false triggering of the ventilator. Similarly, the subject actively exhales, and the ventilator senses the subject's exhaling motion and stops the delivery of air, referred to as exhaling switching. The ventilation triggers referred to in the embodiments of the present application may include both inhalation triggers and exhalation switching.

In some embodiments, the ventilation device may include a non-invasive ventilator that provides mechanical ventilation to the ventilated subject using a ventilation mode of non-invasive ventilation. Compared with invasive ventilation, noninvasive ventilation usually adopts a mask with a leakage hole to ventilate, so that leakage is larger, meanwhile, a ventilation object adopting noninvasive ventilation is usually conscious, has stronger respiratory effort and is accompanied by cough, activity and other conditions, so that various disturbance exists in pressure signals or flow signals of a pipeline, and the accuracy of ventilation triggering is influenced. According to the embodiment of the application, the triggering sensitivity of the ventilation triggering is adjusted in real time based on the device signal, and false triggering in the noninvasive ventilation process can be reduced.

The ventilation signal acquired during mechanical ventilation in step S110 is a signal capable of reflecting the spontaneous breathing state of the ventilated subject, specifically including at least one of a flow rate signal and a pressure signal. The flow rate signal may be an air supply flow rate signal or an exhalation flow rate signal, and the pressure signal may be a pressure signal at the ventilation target end or a pressure signal at the ventilation device end.

Wherein, the ventilation trigger based on the flow velocity signal is a flow velocity trigger, and the ventilation trigger based on the pressure signal is a pressure trigger. Exemplary flow triggering means include, but are not limited to, detecting the flow rate of the flow of gas across the inlet and outlet of the breathing circuit by a flow sensor, and detecting ventilation triggering based on the difference in flow rates of the flow of gas across the ends. Pressure triggering means include, but are not limited to, detecting airway pressure by a pressure sensor, pressure drop when the subject inhales, and activating delivery of air when a pressure change is detected, thereby completing simultaneous inhalation. Because the ventilation process is often interfered by leakage change, pipeline jitter and the like, misjudgment is easy to be caused by recognizing ventilation triggering only according to a flow rate signal or a pressure signal, the embodiment of the application acquires a device signal related to a device for controlling ventilation flow in ventilation equipment in the ventilation process so as to adjust sensitivity of inspiration triggering and expiration switching.

The means for controlling the flow of ventilation in the ventilation device may comprise a turbine in the ventilation device. The turbine generally refers to a centrifugal air compressor, and the working principle of the turbine is to control the rotation speed of the turbine, and adjust the output pressure of the turbine through the change of the rotation speed, so as to adjust the flow rate of air flow. Specifically, the pressure difference can be obtained according to the target pressure corresponding to the target flow and the real-time pressure corresponding to the real-time flow, and the target rotating speed of the turbine motor can be obtained according to the real-time pressure and the pressure difference, and the turbine motor is controlled to operate at the target rotating speed, so that the target flow rate corresponding to the target pressure is obtained.

The device signal associated with the device controlling the flow of ventilation may be a device control signal, i.e., a signal output by the processor to the device; the signal from the device controlling the magnitude of the ventilation flow may also be a signal that the device feeds back to the processor. Illustratively, the turbine signal includes at least one of: turbine speed signal, turbine current signal, turbine voltage signal, turbine power signal, and turbine control signal.

The means for controlling the amount of ventilation flow in the ventilator may also comprise a valve in the ventilator for controlling the amount of ventilation flow. The valve for controlling the ventilation flow comprises a proportional valve, a large-diameter valve and the like. The valve is generally an electric control valve, the ventilation equipment controls the valve to move by adjusting the driving current or the driving voltage of the valve, the flow in the ventilation pipeline is adjusted by changing the opening of the valve, the opening of the valve is increased in the inspiration phase to increase the gas flow, and the opening of the valve is decreased in the expiration phase to decrease the gas flow. The signals of the valve mainly comprise current signals for controlling the valve; alternatively, the signal of the valve may also comprise a valve opening signal.

In step S120, the trigger sensitivity of the ventilation trigger based on the ventilation signal is determined at least from the device signal, whereby on the one hand the accuracy of the trigger sensitivity can be improved and on the other hand an automatic adjustment of the trigger sensitivity is achieved without manual adjustment by the user. In some embodiments, the device signal may be first pre-processed, such as low-pass filtering, and then the trigger sensitivity of the ventilation trigger may be determined based on the device signal to reduce noise interference.

As described above, when the flow rate increases or the pressure decreases, the suction trigger is determined, and when the trigger sensitivity is high, the suction trigger can be determined by detecting a small flow rate increase or a small pressure decrease, whereas when the trigger sensitivity is low, the suction trigger can be determined by detecting a large flow rate increase or a large pressure decrease. The different trigger sensitivities correspond to different trigger thresholds, the form of which includes, but is not limited to, the magnitude of the flow rate signal, the magnitude of the pressure signal, the rate of change of the flow rate signal, the rate of change of the pressure signal, and the like.

As shown in fig. 2, the device signal assumes different states at different phases of the breathing cycle. After switching from the inspiratory phase to the expiratory phase and vice versa, the device signal exhibits a significant change, whereas at the end of the inspiratory and expiratory phases the device signal stabilizes. Therefore, when the device signal is stable, it indicates that the respiratory phase, has reached the end phase, at which time the sensitivity of the inspiration trigger and the expiration trigger needs to be increased to accurately identify the timing of the respiratory switch. In contrast, when the device signal changes drastically, it indicates that the switching of the respiratory phase is completed, and at this time, the sensitivity of the inspiration trigger and the expiration trigger can be reduced, and the possibility of false triggering is reduced. On the other hand, the disturbance signal also causes a drastic change of the device signal, so that the sensitivity is reduced when the device signal is significantly changed, and false triggering can be avoided.

Based on the above principles, in some embodiments, the trigger sensitivity may be selected based on the strength of the device signal. Specifically, the corresponding relation between the threshold range of the intensity of the device signal and the trigger sensitivity is preset, in the actual operation process, the threshold range of the intensity of the device signal can be determined in real time, and the trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range of the intensity of the device signal is selected. The trigger sensitivity is required to be reduced when the device signal is severely changed, so that the higher the threshold range where the intensity of the device signal is located is, the larger the change amplitude is, the lower the corresponding trigger sensitivity is, and false triggering is avoided; conversely, the lower the threshold range where the intensity of the device signal is, the smaller the variation amplitude is, and the higher the corresponding trigger sensitivity is, so that the ventilation trigger moment is accurately identified.

Wherein the threshold range of the intensity of the device signal comprises at least two. Taking two threshold ranges as an example, a first threshold may be taken as a demarcation point, where the threshold range where the intensity of the device signal is located includes a threshold range greater than the first threshold and a threshold range not greater than the first threshold, where the threshold range corresponds to a first trigger sensitivity and a second trigger sensitivity, and the first trigger sensitivity is lower than the second trigger sensitivity. Wherein when the intensity of the device signal is greater than the first threshold, i.e. the intensity of the device signal is higher, the first trigger sensitivity is selected to be relatively low to reduce false triggers. The second trigger sensitivity, which is relatively high, is selected when the intensity of the device signal is not greater than the first threshold, i.e. the intensity of the device signal is low. While two threshold ranges are described above as examples, in other embodiments, the device signal strength may have more threshold ranges, each threshold range corresponding to a trigger sensitivity.

Because the rate of change of the device signal is relatively large when the device signal fluctuates, in some embodiments, the sensitivity of the ventilation trigger may also be set according to the rate of change of the device signal. Specifically, a threshold range in which the rate of change of the device signal is located is determined, and a trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range in which the rate of change of the device signal is located is selected. The higher the threshold range of the change rate of the device signal is, namely the more intense the device signal changes, the lower the corresponding trigger sensitivity is; the lower the threshold range in which the rate of change of the device signal is, i.e., the more stationary the device signal, the higher the corresponding trigger sensitivity.

Wherein the threshold range of the rate of change of the device signal comprises at least two. In some embodiments, the threshold range of the change rate of the device signal may include a threshold range greater than the second threshold and a threshold range not greater than the second threshold, corresponding to a first trigger sensitivity and a second trigger sensitivity, respectively, the first trigger sensitivity being lower than the second trigger sensitivity. When the change rate of the device signal is larger than a second threshold, namely the device signal is changed drastically, selecting a relatively low first trigger sensitivity to avoid false triggering; conversely, when the rate of change of the device signal is not greater than the second threshold, i.e., the device signal is relatively stationary, a relatively high second trigger sensitivity is selected to accurately identify the ventilation trigger moment. While two threshold ranges are described above as examples, in other embodiments, the rate of change of the device signal may have multiple threshold ranges, each threshold range corresponding to a trigger sensitivity.

In addition to selecting the corresponding trigger sensitivity according to the threshold range where the intensity or the rate of change of the device signal is located, in some embodiments, the intensity or the rate of change of the device signal may be converted according to a preset conversion relationship to obtain the trigger sensitivity. The predetermined scaling relationship may include a predetermined function, the form of which includes, but is not limited to, a linear or higher order equation, etc.

Since the ventilation signal itself can also reflect the possibility of occurrence of ventilation triggering at the present moment, in addition to the trigger sensitivity being determined from the device signal, the sensitivity at which ventilation triggering is performed based on another ventilation signal can be determined in combination with the device signal and one ventilation signal. For convenience of description, the ventilation signal for determining the trigger sensitivity is referred to as a first ventilation signal, the ventilation signal for performing ventilation triggering is referred to as a second ventilation signal, the trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal is determined according to the device signal and the first ventilation signal, and the ventilation trigger signal in the second ventilation signal is identified according to the trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal.

When the pressure triggering mode is adopted, the first ventilation signal is a flow velocity signal, and the second ventilation signal is a pressure signal, so that the sensitivity of pressure triggering can be determined together according to the device signal and the flow velocity signal. When the flow rate triggering mode is adopted, the first ventilation signal is a pressure signal, and the second ventilation signal is a flow rate signal, so that the sensitivity of flow rate triggering can be determined together according to the device signal and the pressure signal. Therefore, various signals are fused in the process of identifying the ventilation trigger, and the accuracy of the ventilation trigger is further improved.

In some embodiments, determining the trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal from the device signal and the first ventilation signal comprises: and inputting the device signal and the first ventilation signal into an intelligent algorithm to obtain ventilation trigger probability output by the intelligent algorithm, and determining the triggering sensitivity of the second ventilation signal corresponding to the ventilation trigger probability based on the corresponding relation between the ventilation trigger probability and the triggering sensitivity.

The intelligent algorithm comprises a fuzzy algorithm, a neural network, a machine learning algorithm and the like. Taking a fuzzy algorithm as an example, a device signal and a first ventilation signal can be taken as input quantities, and a fuzzy logic method is utilized to construct multidimensional experience judgment logic, for example, the smaller the device signal changes, the larger the first ventilation signal changes, the higher the corresponding ventilation trigger probability. The triggering probability can comprise at least two gears, particularly three gears of high, medium and low, and is high, namely the probability of ventilation triggering is high currently, so that the higher triggering sensitivity is correspondingly adopted, and the ventilation triggering signal can be timely and accurately identified; conversely, when the trigger probability is low, the probability of ventilation triggering is less, and accordingly, the lower trigger sensitivity is adopted to reduce the probability of false triggering.

When the neural network or the machine learning algorithm is adopted, a sample set of the device signal and the first ventilation signal can be constructed in a training stage of the model, and whether a ventilation triggering label marked by a user is obtained for model training so as to obtain a trained neural network model or machine learning model. The machine learning model comprises, but is not limited to, a support vector machine, linear discriminant analysis and the like; training methods include, but are not limited to, linear regression, gradient descent, and the like model training methods. The trained neural network model or machine learning model can acquire the input device signal and the first ventilation signal and output the current ventilation trigger probability in real time. For example, after the ventilation trigger probability is acquired, the trigger sensitivity corresponding to the ventilation trigger probability may be determined according to a predetermined mapping function, or a threshold range where the ventilation trigger probability is located may be determined, and the trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range may be determined as the currently adopted trigger sensitivity.

After determining the currently adopted trigger sensitivity, in step S130, the ventilation trigger signal in the ventilation signal is identified according to the trigger sensitivity; and when the ventilation trigger signal is recognized, step S140 is performed to control the ventilation apparatus to switch the ventilation state.

It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present application does not limit a specific method for identifying the ventilation trigger time based on the ventilation signal. For example, when the pressure trigger method is adopted, the ventilation trigger time may be identified according to the magnitude of the pressure signal, or the ventilation trigger time may be identified according to the rate of change of the pressure signal. In some embodiments, the ventilation trigger signal may also be identified based on a difference between the measured pressure and a predicted pressure, which may be obtained by fitting the measured pressure, and determining that the pressure trigger signal is identified when the difference is greater than a pressure trigger threshold. When the flow rate triggering mode is adopted, the ventilation triggering time can be identified according to the magnitude of the flow rate signal or according to the change rate of the flow rate signal. In some embodiments, the ventilation trigger signal may also be identified based on a difference between the measured flow rate and a predicted flow rate, which may be obtained by fitting the measured flow rate, and determining that the flow trigger signal is identified when the difference is greater than a flow trigger threshold. In some embodiments, the ventilation trigger signal may also be identified from the pressure signal together with the flow rate signal, e.g., may be identified from a cross-correlation signal of the pressure signal and the flow rate signal.

In addition, since the pressure signal and the flow rate signal may include an interference signal caused by a heartbeat or the like, before the ventilation trigger signal is identified based on the pressure signal or the flow rate signal, the pressure signal or the flow rate signal may be subjected to a filtering process to filter the interference signal.

When the ventilation trigger signal is identified, the ventilation device is controlled to switch the ventilation state by taking the current time as the ventilation trigger time. Specifically, if an inhalation trigger signal is identified during the respiratory phase, controlling the ventilator to enter an inhalation mode; if an exhalation switching signal is identified during the exhalation phase, the ventilation device is triggered to enter an exhalation mode.

In summary, the method 100 of controlling a ventilator according to embodiments of the present application adjusts the sensitivity of ventilation triggering based on device signals associated with devices in the ventilator that control ventilation flow, thereby improving ergonomic performance.

A method 300 of controlling a ventilation device according to another embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3, a method 300 of controlling a ventilation device according to one embodiment of the present application includes the steps of:

in step S310, during a process in which the ventilation apparatus provides mechanical ventilation for a ventilation subject, acquiring a device signal related to a device in the ventilation apparatus that controls ventilation flow, and acquiring a ventilation signal including at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal;

At step S320, a ventilation trigger time is identified based on the device signal and the ventilation signal;

in step S330, when the ventilation trigger time is identified, the ventilation device is controlled to switch the ventilation state.

The method 300 for controlling a ventilation device according to the embodiment of the present invention combines a device signal and a ventilation signal to identify a ventilation trigger time, so as to accurately identify the ventilation trigger time and reduce the problem of false triggering. Wherein the ventilation signal comprises at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal; the device signal includes at least one of a turbine signal and a valve signal. The device signals may include control signals or sampling signals of the device, in particular, turbine signals including, but not limited to, turbine speed signals, turbine current signals, turbine voltage signals, turbine power signals, and turbine control signals; valve signals include, but are not limited to, valve current signals.

The method of identifying a ventilation trigger moment from the device signal and the ventilation signal is not limited to the method described in the method of controlling a ventilation apparatus 100, i.e. the trigger sensitivity is determined at least from the device signal, and the ventilation trigger signal in the ventilation signal is identified from the trigger sensitivity. The method of identifying a ventilation trigger time from the device signal and the ventilation signal may further comprise the following method.

For example, the ventilation trigger time may be identified based on a threshold hierarchical combination of the device signal and the ventilation signal. Specifically, among a plurality of threshold ranges set for the device signal, determining a first threshold range corresponding to the device signal; determining a second threshold range corresponding to the ventilation signal in a plurality of threshold ranges set for the ventilation signal; and when the combination of the first threshold range and the second threshold range meets the preset requirement, determining the current moment as the ventilation trigger moment. Wherein the plurality of threshold ranges set for the ventilation signal may include a plurality of threshold ranges set for the pressure signal and a plurality of threshold ranges set for the flow rate signal, and the second threshold range corresponding to the ventilation signal may include a second threshold range corresponding to the pressure signal and a second threshold range corresponding to the flow rate signal. Compared with the method for identifying the ventilation trigger time according to the ventilation signal only, the method for identifying the ventilation trigger time according to the ventilation signal and the device signal can accurately identify the ventilation trigger time through multi-parameter fusion judgment. For example, when the ventilation trigger is identified based on the ventilation signal alone, the trigger threshold needs to be appropriately adjusted to avoid false triggering, and when the ventilation trigger time is identified based on the ventilation signal and the device signal together, the trigger threshold of the ventilation signal can be appropriately reduced due to the clamping of the device signal, so that the ventilation trigger time can be timely identified. The mere triggering of ventilation based on the ventilation signal may identify the interfering signal as a ventilation trigger signal, while combining the auxiliary judgment of the device signal may reduce the problem of false triggering.

The plurality of threshold ranges set for the device signal may be set for the intensity or the change rate of the device signal, and the first threshold range corresponding to the device signal may be a first threshold range corresponding to the intensity of the device signal or a first threshold range corresponding to the change rate of the device signal. The plurality of threshold ranges set for the ventilation signal may be set for the intensity or the change rate of the ventilation signal, and the second threshold range corresponding to the ventilation signal may be the second threshold range corresponding to the intensity of the ventilation signal or the second threshold range corresponding to the change rate of the ventilation signal.

For example, different combinations of threshold ranges may map to different ventilation trigger probabilities. For example, when the first threshold range of the device signal is A1 and the second threshold range of the ventilation signal is B1, the corresponding ventilation trigger probability is 0.5; when the first threshold range of the device signal is A1 and the second threshold range of the ventilation signal is B2, the corresponding ventilation trigger probability is 0.6; when the first threshold range of the device signal is A2, the second threshold range of the ventilation signal is B2, the corresponding ventilation trigger probability is 0.7, and so on. And when the ventilation trigger probability corresponding to the first threshold range and the second threshold range is larger than the preset threshold, determining the current moment as the ventilation trigger moment.

Illustratively, another method of identifying a ventilation trigger time from a device signal and a ventilation signal includes: and inputting the device signal and the ventilation signal into an intelligent algorithm, acquiring the ventilation trigger probability of the current moment output by the intelligent algorithm, and determining the current moment as the ventilation trigger moment if the ventilation trigger probability of the current moment is higher than a preset threshold value. The intelligent algorithm comprises a fuzzy algorithm, a neural network, a machine learning algorithm and the like. The intelligent algorithm integrates the characteristics of the device signal and the ventilation signal, and can more accurately output the ventilation trigger probability at the current moment. The ventilation signal input to the intelligent algorithm may include at least one of a pressure signal and a flow rate signal, and in some embodiments, the turbine signal may be input to the intelligent algorithm along with the pressure signal and the flow rate signal to obtain a ventilation trigger probability.

In summary, according to the method 300 for controlling a ventilation device according to the embodiment of the present application, the ventilation trigger time is identified based on the ventilation signal and the device signal related to the device for controlling the ventilation flow in the ventilation device, so that accuracy of ventilation trigger can be improved, and man-machine synchronization performance of the ventilation device can be improved.

Referring to fig. 4, the embodiment of the application further provides a ventilation device, which includes a medical device with ventilation function, such as a respirator and an anesthesia machine. Ventilation devices are used to replace, control or alter the physiological respiration of a ventilated subject, improve the respiratory function of the ventilated subject and reduce the respiratory consumption of the ventilated subject by increasing the lung ventilation. The ventilator 400 may be used to implement the method of controlling a ventilator 100 or the method of controlling a ventilator 300 described above, and only the primary functions of the ventilator 400 are described below, with additional details being set forth above.

As shown in fig. 4, the ventilation apparatus 400 includes a breathing circuit 410, a sensor 420, and a processor 430. Wherein the breathing circuit 410 is for delivering gas provided by a gas source to a subject for mechanical ventilation, the breathing circuit comprising means for controlling ventilation flow; the sensor 420 is configured to acquire a ventilation signal during mechanical ventilation, the ventilation signal including at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal; the processor 430 is connected to the means for controlling ventilation flow in the breathing circuit 410 and the sensor 420 for acquiring ventilation signals acquired by the sensor 420 and for acquiring device signals associated with the means for performing the method 100 of controlling ventilation or the method 400 of controlling ventilation.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the breathing circuit 410 may include an inhalation branch; in some embodiments, the breathing circuit 410 may include an inspiratory limb and an expiratory limb. The inspiration limb is used for delivering gas provided by the gas source to the subject, and the expiration limb is used for receiving gas exhaled by the subject. The gas provided by the gas source may comprise air, oxygen or an air-oxygen mixture; in some embodiments, aerosol medicaments or anesthetics, etc. may also be included in the gas. The gas provided by the gas source can be, for example, compressed gas provided by a central gas supply system, high-pressure gas provided by a gas cylinder, or gas from the environment.

The means for controlling ventilation flow in the breathing circuit 410 may include a turbine. The turbine generally refers to a centrifugal air compressor, and the working principle of the turbine is to control the rotation speed of the turbine, and adjust the output pressure of the turbine through the change of the rotation speed, so as to adjust the flow rate of air flow. The means for controlling the amount of ventilation flow in the breathing circuit 410 may also include a valve in the ventilation device that controls the amount of ventilation flow. The valve for controlling the ventilation flow comprises a proportional valve, a large-diameter valve and the like. The valve is generally an electric control valve, the ventilation equipment controls the valve to move by adjusting the driving current or the driving voltage of the valve, the flow in the ventilation pipeline is adjusted by changing the opening of the valve, the opening of the valve is increased in the inspiration phase to increase the gas flow, and the opening of the valve is decreased in the expiration phase to decrease the gas flow.

The ventilation device 400 further includes a sensor 420, where the sensor 420 includes at least a flow rate sensor disposed in the breathing circuit 410 and configured to measure a flow rate signal of the gas in the breathing circuit, and the processor 420 can control the flow rate adjusting device according to the flow rate signal detected by the flow rate sensor, so as to realize accurate control of the flow rate of the gas. The sensor 420 also includes a pressure sensor for detecting a pressure signal, the pressure sensor including a pressure sensor disposed at the junction of the breathing circuit and the ventilation subject, and a pressure sensor disposed at the air supply. The sensor 420 may also include other types of sensors such as an oxygen concentration sensor.

The processor 430 is connected to the device for controlling ventilation flow in the breathing circuit 410 and the sensor 420, and is configured to obtain a ventilation signal acquired by the sensor 420, obtain a device signal related to the device, identify a ventilation trigger time based on the device signal and the ventilation signal, and control the device for controlling ventilation flow in the breathing circuit 410 when the ventilation trigger time is identified, so as to implement switching of ventilation states. The processor 430 may be at least one of an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), a programmable logic device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited.

Illustratively, the ventilation device 400 further includes a display for providing visual display output to a user. In particular, the display may be used to provide a visual display interface for a user, including but not limited to a monitoring interface, an operating interface, a parameter setting interface, an alarm interface, etc., and may be implemented as a touch display or a display with an input panel, i.e., the display may function as an input/output device, for example.

The ventilation device 400 also includes a memory. The memory is used to store data of the ventilation subjects associated with the ventilation device 400. The memory also stores program code for invoking the program code in the memory to perform the steps of the method of controlling a ventilation device described above. The memory may include high speed random access memory, but may also include non-volatile memory such as a hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart memory card, secure digital card, flash card multiple disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other volatile solid state storage devices.

In some embodiments, the ventilation apparatus 400 further includes an alarm module coupled to the processor 430 for outputting alarm prompts for the healthcare worker to perform corresponding rescue actions. The alarm module includes, but is not limited to, an alarm light, an alarm speaker, etc. The alarm information may be displayed on a display, flashing through an alarm light to prompt a medical care person, or playing an alarm information through an alarm speaker, etc.

It should be understood that fig. 4 is merely an example of the components included in the ventilator 400 and is not limiting of the ventilator 400, and that the ventilator 400 may include more components than those shown in fig. 4.

Although the illustrative embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the above illustrative embodiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made therein by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as set forth in the appended claims.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the elements is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be omitted or not performed.

In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present application may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.

Similarly, it should be appreciated that in order to streamline the application and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, various features of the application are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof in the description of exemplary embodiments of the application. However, the method of this application should not be construed to reflect the following intent: i.e., the claimed application requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this application.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or units of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where the features are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.

Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

Various component embodiments of the present application may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that some or all of the functions of some of the modules in an item analysis device according to embodiments of the present application may be implemented in practice using a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The present application may also be embodied as device programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing part or all of the methods described herein. Such a program embodying the present application may be stored on a computer readable medium, or may have the form of one or more signals. Such signals may be downloaded from an internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the application, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The application may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, third, etc. do not denote any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present application and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes or substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (19)

1. A method of controlling a ventilation apparatus, comprising:

acquiring a device signal related to a device in the ventilation device controlling ventilation flow and acquiring a ventilation signal including at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal during the ventilation device providing mechanical ventilation to a ventilation subject;

determining a trigger sensitivity for a ventilation trigger based on the ventilation signal based at least on the device signal;

identifying a ventilation trigger signal in the ventilation signal according to the trigger sensitivity;

and when the ventilation trigger signal is identified, controlling the ventilation equipment to switch the ventilation state.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the device signal comprises a turbine signal associated with a turbine of the ventilator and/or a valve signal associated with a valve of the ventilator.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the turbine signal comprises at least one of: turbine speed signal, turbine current signal, turbine voltage signal, turbine power signal, and turbine control signal; the valve signal comprises a valve current signal.

4. A method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said determining a trigger sensitivity for a ventilation trigger based on said ventilation signal based at least on said device signal comprises:

determining a threshold range in which the intensity of the device signal is located, and selecting a trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range in which the intensity of the device signal is located, wherein the higher the threshold range in which the intensity of the device signal is located, the lower the trigger sensitivity.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the threshold range at which the intensity of the device signal is at is greater than a first threshold or is not greater than the first threshold;

the selecting the trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range where the intensity of the device signal is located includes: a first trigger sensitivity is selected when the intensity of the device signal is greater than the first threshold, and a second trigger sensitivity is selected when the intensity of the device signal is not greater than the first threshold, the first trigger sensitivity being lower than the second trigger sensitivity.

6. A method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said determining a trigger sensitivity for a ventilation trigger based on said ventilation signal based at least on said device signal comprises:

And determining a threshold range of the change rate of the device signal, and selecting a trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range of the change rate of the device signal, wherein the higher the threshold range of the change rate of the device signal is, the lower the trigger sensitivity is.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the threshold range of the rate of change of the device signal is a threshold range greater than a second threshold or a threshold range not greater than the second threshold; the selecting the trigger sensitivity corresponding to the threshold range where the rate of change of the device signal is located includes: a first trigger sensitivity is selected when the rate of change of the device signal is greater than the second threshold, and a second trigger sensitivity is selected when the rate of change of the device signal is not greater than the second threshold, the first trigger sensitivity being lower than the second trigger sensitivity.

8. A method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said determining a trigger sensitivity for a ventilation trigger based on said ventilation signal from said device signal comprises:

and converting the intensity or the change rate of the device signal according to a preset conversion relation to obtain the trigger sensitivity.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the ventilation signal comprises a first ventilation signal and a second ventilation signal, the first ventilation signal being the flow rate signal, the second ventilation signal being the pressure signal, or the first ventilation signal being the pressure signal, the second ventilation signal being the flow rate signal;

the determining trigger sensitivity for ventilation triggering based on the ventilation signal based at least on the device signal comprises: determining a trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal from the device signal and the first ventilation signal;

the identifying a ventilation trigger signal in the ventilation signals according to the trigger sensitivity comprises: and identifying the ventilation trigger signal in the second ventilation signal according to the trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the determining the trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal from the device signal and the first ventilation signal comprises:

inputting the device signal and the first ventilation signal into an intelligent algorithm to obtain ventilation trigger probability output by the intelligent algorithm;

The trigger sensitivity of the second ventilation signal corresponding to the ventilation trigger probability is determined.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the intelligent algorithm comprises a fuzzy algorithm, a neural network, or a machine learning algorithm.

12. A method of controlling a ventilation apparatus, comprising:

acquiring a device signal related to a device in the ventilation device controlling ventilation flow and acquiring a ventilation signal including at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal during the ventilation device providing mechanical ventilation to a ventilation subject;

identifying a ventilation trigger time based on the device signal and the ventilation signal;

and when the ventilation triggering time is identified, controlling the ventilation equipment to switch the ventilation state.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the device signal comprises a turbine signal associated with a turbine of the ventilator and/or a valve signal associated with a valve of the ventilator.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the turbine signal comprises at least one of: turbine speed signal, turbine current signal, turbine voltage signal, turbine power signal, and turbine control signal; the valve signal comprises a valve current signal.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12-14, wherein said identifying a ventilation trigger time from said device signal and said ventilation signal comprises:

determining a first threshold range corresponding to the device signal in a plurality of threshold ranges set for the device signal;

determining a second threshold range corresponding to the ventilation signal in a plurality of threshold ranges set for the ventilation signal;

and when the combination of the first threshold range and the second threshold range meets a preset requirement, determining the current moment as the ventilation trigger moment.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein determining the current time as the ventilation trigger time when the combination of the first threshold range and the second threshold range meets a preset requirement comprises:

determining ventilation trigger probabilities corresponding to the first threshold range and the second threshold range;

and when the ventilation trigger probability is larger than a preset threshold value, determining the current moment as the ventilation trigger moment.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the first threshold range for the device signal is a first threshold range for the intensity of the device signal or a first threshold range for the rate of change of the device signal; the second threshold range corresponding to the ventilation signal is a second threshold range corresponding to the intensity of the ventilation signal or a second threshold range corresponding to the change rate of the ventilation signal.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12-14, wherein said identifying a ventilation trigger time from said device signal and said ventilation signal comprises:

inputting the device signal and the ventilation signal into an intelligent algorithm, and acquiring ventilation trigger probability of the current moment output by the intelligent algorithm;

and when the ventilation triggering probability at the current moment is higher than a preset threshold value, determining that the current moment is the ventilation triggering moment.

19. A ventilation apparatus, characterized in that the ventilation apparatus comprises:

a breathing circuit for delivering gas provided by a gas source to the ventilated subject for mechanical ventilation, the breathing circuit comprising means for controlling ventilation flow;

a sensor for acquiring a ventilation signal during the mechanical ventilation, the ventilation signal comprising at least one of a flow signal and a pressure signal;

a processor connected to the means for controlling ventilation flow and the sensor for performing the method of controlling ventilation apparatus of any of claims 1-18.