CN117477956B - Airborne digital high-voltage direct-current power distribution system - Google Patents
Airborne digital high-voltage direct-current power distribution system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117477956B CN117477956B CN202311835481.3A CN202311835481A CN117477956B CN 117477956 B CN117477956 B CN 117477956B CN 202311835481 A CN202311835481 A CN 202311835481A CN 117477956 B CN117477956 B CN 117477956B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an airborne digital high-voltage direct current distribution system which comprises a looped network direct current power supply and a full-isolation multifunctional digital power distributor connected with the anode and the cathode of the looped network direct current power supply, wherein the full-isolation multifunctional digital power distributor is of a cascade DC/DC converter structure formed by a front-stage Buck circuit and a rear-stage LLC circuit, and the front-stage Buck circuit is used for reducing the input voltage to a fixed value, so that the input voltage of the rear-stage LLC circuit is maintained at the fixed value. The invention adopts the airborne digital high-voltage direct-current distribution system with the structure, adopts the Buck+LLC topological structure, utilizes the front-stage Buck circuit to reduce the input voltage to a fixed value, can stabilize the input voltage of the rear-stage LLC circuit at the fixed value, greatly reduces the design difficulty of a power supply and current ripple, improves the conversion efficiency of the power supply, and reduces the volume and the quality of a module power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution, in particular to an airborne digital high-voltage direct-current power distribution system.
Background
Along with the transition from the aircraft to the full-electric aircraft with higher electrification degree, in the novel multi-electrification and full-electrification aircraft, the power consumption of the aircraft is larger and larger, the load types are more and more, and the power distribution network is severely polluted by harmonic waves and noise. And the constant power characteristic load quantity in the aircraft power system is larger, and the power level is higher.
The multi-electric aircraft needs to realize safe operation in a flight mission, and the foremost condition is to realize stable, safe and reliable operation of an electric system, and high power supply reliability of a key load is guaranteed even in a fault state.
Conventional DAB and LLC converters provide a point-to-point power transmission scheme. The LLC resonant converter is one of the most attention-paid DC/DC converters at present (the power circuit topology adopted by the current DC/DC module power supply mainly comprises 2 topological modes, namely a single-stage structure and a two-stage structure, wherein the isolated single-stage topological structure mainly comprises bridge converters such as a half bridge and a full bridge, flyback, forward, LLC and the like, and the like. The variable frequency control is adopted, so that the primary side switching tube and the secondary side synchronous rectifying tube can work in a soft switching environment without any auxiliary network through design, and the variable frequency control has obvious advantages in the aspect of conversion efficiency. The LLC resonant converter can theoretically realize zero-voltage switching on (ZVS) of a primary switching tube, has smaller switching-off current, and the secondary rectifying tube can realize zero-current switching off (ZCS), thereby not only absorbing the advantages that the resonant tank circuit current of the series resonant converter changes along with the light and heavy load and has higher efficiency in light load, but also having the characteristic that the parallel resonant converter can stably work in no-load condition. Therefore, the LLC resonant converter is an ideal resonant converter topology, and has important theoretical significance and practical value for researching the LLC resonant converter.
For the wide input range of 180-400V and the performance indexes of 270V and 28V output, if a single-stage topology is used as a main circuit, firstly, the design difficulty of a transformer is increased due to the wide input range of the input voltage, and the working efficiency of a power supply is greatly reduced. Second, on-resistance in the MOSFET device changes according to the level of withstand voltage, and the synchronous rectification loss increases. And the dead time is longer, the required driving mode is complex to realize, and the design difficulty of the power supply is improved.
The circuit topology has more degrees of control freedom and a wider operating range than conventional TAB converters. In order to meet the energy storage access requirement of an aircraft electric propulsion system, a four-active-bridge converter (QAB) is proposed. The four ports of the device are respectively connected with a fuel cell, a lithium battery, a super capacitor and a direct current bus, so that the energy supply requirements of different flight task profiles can be fully met. The design concept of the multi-active bridge converter of the electric propulsion system of the airplane is proposed from a broader aspect. The full-bridge module contained in the system can be reconstructed according to actual requirements, and has good flexibility and expansibility.
In aircraft power systems, however, there are often situations where multiple power sources, energy storage devices, and loads are commonly coupled. Therefore, the multiport DC/DC converter is also becoming a research hot spot for the power supply system of the airplane in recent years. Meanwhile, a powerful power control management component is arranged in the multi-motor aircraft electrical system to realize power supply switching and automatic load management under the fault condition, and meanwhile, the multi-motor aircraft electrical system has the protection control function.
At present, the research on the multi-electric aircraft technology in China is mainly focused on modeling and analysis of a traditional aircraft electrical system, and more possibilities can be provided for the design and manufacture of the multi-electric aircraft by analyzing the application of the multi-electric aircraft technology on the traditional aircraft. For example:
gu Gongbing in the "study of automatic power distribution technology of aircraft" it proposes a power distribution network topology comprising a dc network and an ac network, and utilizes the conventional automatic power distribution system data bus and solid-state power control technology to automatically manage the loads of the electrical appliances of the aircraft according to the state of the aircraft and the power supply condition of the power supply system.
Liu Yanping, jiang Zhongshan in the "pilot protection study of direction applied to annular distribution systems of aircraft" proposes an intelligent switching device which adopts a solid-state power distributor in a secondary distribution system and integrates the switching function of a relay and the protection function of a circuit breaker. The power MOSFET or IGBT is adopted as a switching device to replace an electromechanical power device, and has the advantages of no contact, no arc, no noise, quick response, small electromagnetic interference, long service life, high reliability, convenience for computer remote control and the like.
Feng Jianchao, ren Renliang; zhao Zunquan in the study of civil aircraft distribution systems, short-circuit protection, overload protection and self-detection function communication functions are designed for the civil aircraft distribution systems. However, the primary power distribution of the system still adopts a traditional breaker, and meanwhile, the system also does not have a front-stage and rear-stage isolation function.
Jianying, xie Shuanqin in the design of an electric load management center controller of an advanced aircraft power distribution system and Zhang Guobing in the application of a magnetic latching relay in a space power distribution system, a direct-current looped network and a protection algorithm thereof are provided for an aircraft annular power distribution system, and meanwhile, protection devices for protecting faults such as overvoltage, reflux, over-frequency, under-voltage and the like of a power supply system are provided; the differential protection device structure formed by the current transformers is mainly applied to short-circuit protection of a main power line, and the differential current protection is mainly applied to an alternating current power grid of an aircraft power distribution system.
Fu Dafeng, yang Shanshui, chen Zhihui, in the application of 1553B bus in modern aircraft automatic power distribution systems, for aircraft ring network bus bar protection, the direction locking pilot protection is introduced into an aircraft ring network power supply system.
Cui Juntao, wang Yong, he in LabVIEW/SIMULINK-based digital simulation study of automatic power distribution system and Zhang Liming, dong Ge, ru Xiaopeng in variable structure control-based reconstruction technique study of aircraft power distribution system, a protection system controlled and processed by MCU is provided, so that the reliability of the aircraft power supply system is improved. However, the method does not realize an all-solid-state circuit, various protection actions still need to be completed by a direct current contactor, and the problems of low reaction relative speed, complex structure, large mass, electric arc, low reliability, large maintenance workload and the like still exist, so that the ring network bus bar of the airplane cannot be scientifically, reasonably and effectively protected.
Zhu Aiyu in the "shallow-talking main airport air traffic control engineering power supply and distribution system" and Wang Hongxia, shi Wei in the "new power distribution system standard introduction of aircraft" propose new aircraft power distribution system standards and solid state power divider concepts, but due to limitations in terms of power reliability, etc., are generally applied in secondary power distribution systems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at a high-voltage direct-current power supply and distribution system of a multi-electric aircraft, an airborne digital high-voltage direct-current power distribution system is researched, and the problem of low safety and reliability of the airborne direct-current power distribution system is mainly solved. The performance, redundancy, fault-tolerant capability, reliability and maintainability of the power supply system of the aircraft are improved, the running cost of the aircraft can be saved, the technical performance of the aircraft is improved, and the aircraft is enabled to be qualified for special tasks, so that the vitality of the aircraft is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an airborne digital high-voltage direct current distribution system, which comprises a looped network direct current power supply and a full-isolation multifunctional digital power distributor connected with the anode and the cathode of the looped network direct current power supply, wherein the full-isolation multifunctional digital power distributor is of a cascaded DC/DC converter structure consisting of a front-stage Buck circuit and a rear-stage LLC circuit, and the front-stage Buck circuit is used for reducing the input voltage to a fixed value, so that the input voltage of the rear-stage LLC circuit is maintained at the fixed value.
Preferably, the fully-isolated multifunctional digital power divider adopts a voltage-current double closed-loop control strategy.
Preferably, the looped network direct current power supply comprises a plurality of distribution subsystems which are annularly arranged, and two adjacent distribution subsystems are connected through a looped network switch;
the two ends of each power distribution subsystem are connected with a main power supply in parallel;
each power distribution subsystem comprises a plurality of bus bars which are sequentially connected in series, and all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switches are connected on the bus bars in series.
Preferably, the all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switch comprises a semiconductor switch connected in series on a bus bar, and a controller, wherein the output end of the controller is connected with the semiconductor switch through a driving module, and the input end of the controller is also respectively connected with a switch state detection module for detecting the state of the semiconductor switch, a current detection module for detecting load current and a voltage detection module for detecting load voltage;
the voltage detection module and the current detection module are also connected with the input end of the driving module through the short circuit overvoltage protection module;
the controller is also connected with the power supply module through the power supply management module.
Preferably, the input end of the controller is also connected with an overvoltage state detection module, an undervoltage state detection module, an ignition state detection module, a tripping state detection module, a fault state detection module, an emergency turn-off detection module and an emergency turn-on detection module respectively through an isolation module;
the controller is also connected with the terminal through the bus transceiver module.
Preferably, two ends of one all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct-current switch are connected with a ground power supply in parallel through a socket.
Preferably, the plurality of power distribution subsystems includes a front deck power distribution system, a right deck power distribution system, a left deck power distribution system, and a rear deck power distribution system.
Preferably, one of the auxiliary power distribution systems is also connected with an auxiliary power supply and an emergency power supply in parallel, the auxiliary power supply adopts an auxiliary generator APU, and the emergency power supply consists of a plurality of groups of aviation storage batteries which are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the primary power source is a generator driven by the engine.
Preferably, the fixed value is 180V.
Compared with the existing system which is an airborne direct current power distribution system formed by a mechanical switch and a part of low-power solid-state power distributor, the airborne digital high-voltage direct current power distribution system is formed by all-solid-state devices and has the following beneficial effects:
1. the airborne direct current power distribution system is composed of all-solid-state devices, and has the following advantages:
(1) the movable parts are canceled in the power distribution system, so that mechanical abrasion is not generated, the failure rate is reduced, the reliability is improved, and the electromagnetic interference resistance is enhanced;
(2) the load circuit is switched on and off without generating electric arc, so that the high-altitude performance is good and the safety performance is high;
(3) the use amount of cables is reduced in a narrow space, and the total volume and weight of an electric system occupied by an airplane are reduced;
(4) simplifying and reducing the operation and maintenance workload of the aircraft power distribution system;
(5) the problems of reliable operation, grounding point detection, voltage regulation and stabilization, arc extinction, relay protection of a direct current power grid and the like under sudden grounding faults in the field of airplane power distribution are solved;
2. the protection technology of the full-isolation direct-current distribution ring network has the following advantages:
each node of the direct current ring network has the functions of overcurrent, differential current, grounding and other fault protection, arc detection protection and the like;
in summary, the invention adopts an all-solid-state device system, various fault protection, sufficient electric power resources and reasonable distribution management, so that the technical performance of the aircraft is obviously improved, the reliability of the aircraft power distribution system is greatly enhanced, the development of the multi-to-all-electric technology of the aircraft is driven, and the invention has important significance for improving the technical equipment level in the aviation field.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topology diagram of a fully isolated multifunctional digital power distributor for an airborne digital high voltage DC power distribution system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fully isolated multifunctional digital power divider for an on-board digital high voltage DC power distribution system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a ring network dc power supply of the airborne digital high-voltage dc power distribution system according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switch of an airborne digital high-voltage direct current power distribution system according to the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein. Examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements throughout or elements having like or similar functionality.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," along with any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or server that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those that are conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in figures 1-4, the airborne digital high-voltage direct-current distribution system comprises a looped network direct-current power supply and a full-isolation multifunctional digital power distributor connected with the anode and the cathode of the looped network direct-current power supply, when a multipoint grounding fault occurs in the system, the system can keep normal operation, an arc is avoided, the reliability and the safety of the system can be greatly improved, the full-isolation multifunctional digital power distributor is of a cascaded DC/DC converter structure consisting of a front-stage Buck circuit and a rear-stage LLC circuit, wherein the front-stage Buck circuit is used for reducing the input voltage to a fixed value, so that the input voltage of the rear-stage LLC circuit is maintained at the fixed value, the design difficulty and the current ripple of the power supply are greatly reduced, and the power conversion efficiency is improved. Preferably, the fixed value is 180V. The full-isolation multifunctional digital power distributor in the embodiment has the functions of integrating load switch, various protection, voltage transformation, voltage stabilization and regulation, power distribution, internal bus operation and information exchange. And the standardization and serialization of the parameters of the control module are completed, and meanwhile, the control module has the function of front-stage and rear-stage electrical isolation, so that the normal operation of the system in a grounding state is realized, and the requirements of various airborne electrical equipment are met.
The output power is from zero to full load in the required full input voltage range, the voltage follows a given value, and the output voltage is stabilized at 28V-270V. The output current is required to have a current limiting protection function, and the following voltage-current double closed-loop control strategy is designed for realizing the requirements:
preferably, the fully-isolated multifunctional digital power divider adopts a voltage-current double closed-loop control strategy.
The voltage and current double closed-loop control strategy is adopted to realize:
when the circuit is started, the output of the voltage loop is saturated, the output of the voltage loop is given as a current loop, the maximum value of starting current is limited, the circuit is started quickly, and the voltage loop is out of saturation after the starting is completed.
The circuit stably works under rated load, the output is enabled to be stable at an expected value under the action of the voltage loop PI regulator, the current loop plays a rapid following role, and the circuit has good anti-interference performance.
When overload occurs, the limiting value of the output of the voltage loop determines the maximum value of the output current, the voltage loop is saturated, the output voltage is reduced, the output current is constantly kept at a given limiting value, and the circuit is of constant current characteristics.
Preferably, the looped network direct current power supply comprises a plurality of distribution subsystems which are annularly arranged, and two adjacent distribution subsystems are connected through a looped network switch; the two ends of each power distribution subsystem are connected with a main power supply in parallel; each power distribution subsystem comprises a plurality of bus bars which are sequentially connected in series, and all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switches are connected on the bus bars in series.
When a fault occurs, the protection devices at two ends of the fault interval sense the corresponding electric quantity change, the protection devices are started, and the fault interval is isolated through tripping of the direct current switch, so that the purpose of protecting the ring network system is achieved.
Meanwhile, a grouping parallel power supply mode is adopted, so that fault isolation and fault tolerance reconstruction capability of the power distribution system are enhanced, and the method has important significance for improving the reliability of the aircraft.
Preferably, the all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switch comprises a semiconductor switch connected in series on a bus bar, and a controller, wherein the output end of the controller is connected with the semiconductor switch through a driving module, and the input end of the controller is also respectively connected with a switch state detection module for detecting the state of the semiconductor switch, a current detection module for detecting load current and a voltage detection module for detecting load voltage; the voltage detection module and the current detection module are also connected with the input end of the driving module through the short circuit overvoltage protection module; the controller is also connected with the power supply module through the power supply management module.
Preferably, the input end of the controller is also connected with an overvoltage state detection module, an undervoltage state detection module, an ignition state detection module, a tripping state detection module, a fault state detection module, an emergency turn-off detection module and an emergency turn-on detection module respectively through an isolation module; the controller is also connected with the terminal through the bus transceiver module.
The full-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switch has the following advantages by adopting the structure:
(1) The semiconductor switch replaces the traditional relay, so that the high-current load is switched on and off, and meanwhile, the on-off of the bidirectional current is met. Voltage physical isolation between control and output prevents voltage breakdown and current reverse flow to other devices;
(2) The protection device has the functions of current detection, overcurrent protection and short-circuit protection, and realizes protection action when the load abnormality exceeds a set value, so that serious damage to equipment and a solid-state power controller caused by overcurrent and short-circuit is avoided;
(3) The protection device has the functions of voltage detection, undervoltage protection, overvoltage protection and overvoltage protection, and realizes protection action when the load abnormality exceeds a set value. The damage to equipment and the solid-state power controller caused by undervoltage, overvoltage and overpressure is avoided;
(4) The system has the functions of state detection and feedback, the controller monitors the load and the state of the controller in real time, makes judgment in real time, reports the monitored information to a superior system in real time, and the superior system carries out systematic management to realize closed-loop control;
(5) The intelligent power distribution system has a bus communication function, and the bus function realizes the data transmission between the solid-state power controller and the power distribution system and is an important index for distributed power distribution intelligent management.
Preferably, two ends of one all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct-current switch are connected with a ground power supply in parallel through a socket.
Preferably, the plurality of power distribution subsystems includes a front deck power distribution system, a right deck power distribution system, a left deck power distribution system, and a rear deck power distribution system.
Preferably, one of the auxiliary power distribution systems is also connected with an auxiliary power supply and an emergency power supply in parallel, the auxiliary power supply adopts an auxiliary generator APU, and the emergency power supply consists of a plurality of groups of aviation storage batteries which are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the primary power source is a generator driven by the engine.
Examples
The embodiment is applied to four turboprop and turbofan conveyors such as 8, 9 and 20. Has the following advantages:
(1) the movable parts are cancelled in the power distribution system, so that mechanical abrasion is not generated, the failure rate is reduced, the reliability is improved, and the electromagnetic interference resistance is enhanced.
(2) The load circuit is switched on and off without generating electric arc, so that the high-altitude performance is good, and the safety performance is improved.
(3) The direct current ring network structure is adopted, so that the use amount of cables, the volume and the weight of an electrical system are reduced.
(4) Simplifying and reducing the operation and maintenance workload of the aircraft power distribution system.
(5) The problems of reliable operation, earth point detection, arc extinction, relay protection of a direct current power grid and the like under the earth fault in the field of airplane power distribution are solved, and the whole emergency flying capacity of the airplane is improved.
(6) With the increase of the number of constant power loads and the increase of the power consumption in the multi-electric aircraft power supply system, the power grade is finer, and the embodiment can perform uniform power distribution according to the load running state, so that the running load is in a higher efficiency state, and high-reliability power supply of key equipment is realized.
Civil use:
(1) the full-isolation solid-state digital power distributor and the high-voltage bidirectional direct current switch can be applied to a national power grid direct current converter station (the direct current converter station has the functions of a rectifying station and an inverting station and also can be an important device for effectively inhibiting serious pollution of harmonic waves and noise of a power distribution network); large capacity startup and multichannel power distribution machine type such as civilian boeing 787.
(2) The method can be applied to the field of safety monitoring and energy management systems;
(3) various protection devices such as overcurrent and the like can be applied to the field of safety monitoring and energy management systems;
(4) and can also be applied to the fields of medical treatment, communication, industrial manufacture, rail transit, new energy automobiles (for example, 230V power batteries for 5VUSB interface power supply) and the like.
That is, the present embodiment is merely an example of its application field, and those skilled in the art should not interpret the limitation of the application field.
Therefore, the airborne digital high-voltage direct-current distribution system adopting the structure adopts the Buck+LLC topological structure, and the input voltage of the backward stage LLC circuit can be stabilized at a fixed value by utilizing the forward stage Buck circuit to reduce the input voltage of the backward stage LLC circuit, so that the design difficulty of a power supply and current ripple are greatly reduced, the conversion efficiency of the power supply is improved, and the volume and the quality of a module power supply are reduced. Meanwhile, the reliability of power distribution systems such as novel multi-electric and full-electric aircraft and the like is improved, the development of multi-electric-full-electric technology of the aircraft is driven, and the popularization of the digital solid-state series switch in the civil traffic field is promoted.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting it, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme of the invention can be modified or replaced by the same, and the modified technical scheme cannot deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An airborne digital high-voltage direct-current power distribution system is characterized in that: the full-isolation multifunctional digital power divider is of a cascade DC/DC converter structure formed by a front-stage Buck circuit and a rear-stage LLC circuit, wherein the front-stage Buck circuit is used for reducing the input voltage to a fixed value, so that the input voltage of the rear-stage LLC circuit is maintained at the fixed value;
the full-isolation multifunctional digital power divider adopts a voltage-current double closed-loop control strategy;
the voltage-current double closed-loop control strategy realizes:
when the circuit is started, the output of the voltage loop is saturated, the output of the voltage loop is used as a given value of the current loop, the maximum value of starting current is limited, the circuit is started rapidly, and the voltage loop is out of saturation after the starting is finished;
the circuit works stably under rated load, the output is stabilized at an expected value under the action of a voltage loop PI regulator, and a current loop plays a rapid following role;
when overload occurs, the amplitude limiting value of the output of the voltage loop determines the maximum value of the output current, the voltage loop is saturated at the moment, the output voltage is reduced, the output current is constantly kept at a given current limiting value, and the circuit is of constant current characteristics at the moment;
the looped network direct current power supply comprises a plurality of distribution sub-systems which are annularly arranged, and two adjacent distribution sub-systems are connected through a looped network switch;
the two ends of each power distribution subsystem are connected with a main power supply in parallel;
each power distribution subsystem comprises a plurality of bus bars which are sequentially connected in series, and all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switches are connected on the bus bars in series;
the all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switch comprises a semiconductor switch connected in series on a bus bar, and a controller, wherein the output end of the controller is connected with the semiconductor switch through a driving module, and the input end of the controller is also respectively connected with a switch state detection module for detecting the state of the semiconductor switch, a current detection module for detecting load current and a voltage detection module for detecting load voltage;
the voltage detection module and the current detection module are also connected with the input end of the driving module through the short circuit overvoltage protection module;
the controller is also connected with the power supply module through the power supply management module;
when a fault occurs, the protection devices at two ends of the fault interval sense the corresponding electric quantity change, the protection devices are started, and the fault interval is isolated through tripping of the direct current switch, so that the purpose of protecting the ring network system is achieved.
2. An on-board digital high voltage dc power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: the input end of the controller is also connected with an overvoltage state detection module, an undervoltage state detection module, an ignition state detection module, a tripping state detection module, a fault state detection module, an emergency turn-off detection module and an emergency turn-on detection module respectively through an isolation module;
the controller is also connected with the terminal through the bus transceiver module.
3. An on-board digital high voltage dc power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of one of the all-solid-state digital high-power bidirectional direct current switch are connected with a ground power supply in parallel through a socket.
4. An on-board digital high voltage dc power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of distribution electronic systems include a front deck distribution system, a right deck distribution system, a left deck distribution system, and a rear deck distribution system.
5. An on-board digital high voltage dc power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: one of the auxiliary power distribution systems is also connected with an auxiliary power supply and an emergency power supply in parallel, the auxiliary power supply adopts an auxiliary generator APU, and the emergency power supply consists of a plurality of groups of aviation storage batteries which are connected in parallel.
6. An on-board digital high voltage dc power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: the main power source is a generator driven by the engine.
7. An on-board digital high voltage dc power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed value is 180V.
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| CN107733239A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-23 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Suitable for the current transformer of load changing occasion |
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