CN117475710A - Portable structure earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid - Google Patents
Portable structure earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid Download PDFInfo
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- CN117475710A CN117475710A CN202311557553.2A CN202311557553A CN117475710A CN 117475710 A CN117475710 A CN 117475710A CN 202311557553 A CN202311557553 A CN 202311557553A CN 117475710 A CN117475710 A CN 117475710A
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002910 structure generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/40—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for geology
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable structure earthquake power action demonstration teaching aid, in particular to the field of civil building structure earthquake-resistant teaching demonstration teaching aid, and particularly relates to the purpose of realizing vibration of a building model on a bearing plate through a speed regulator under the action of a variable speed motor serving as a driving force so as to enable students to understand the earthquake action and the response process of a structure under the earthquake action. The teaching aid comprises a model box and a bearing plate, wherein reciprocating load is mainly generated in the model box under the constraint of a motor, a speed changer, a speed regulator, a swing arm, a connecting rod and a guide rail, and the building model on the bearing plate is driven to vibrate. The demonstration teaching aid has the main advantages of being light and handy, convenient to carry, clear in principle and intuitive in demonstration effect, and can be widely used for classroom teaching demonstration of professional classes such as building structure earthquake resistance, structural dynamics, earthquake reduction and isolation principle and the like in the field of civil engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of earthquake-resistant teaching demonstration teaching aids for civil building structures, and particularly relates to a portable structure earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid.
Background
China is a country with frequent earthquake in the world, and is also one of the most serious countries with earthquake disasters. In order to make the students related to civil engineering specialized master the content of structural seismic power and the like so as to realize that the method can be rapidly applied to structural earthquake-resistant business after employment, and related courses of earthquake resistance of building structures and the like are included in culture courses of all-day family universities by a plurality of universities. The content covered by the structural seismic dynamic analysis is very wide, and comprises the content of the establishment of an analyzed model, the establishment and the solution of a motion equation and the like, wherein the content relates to the aspects of seismic engineering, structural dynamics, mathematical solution and the like. When a colleague just begins to contact a structure to resist earthquake, the dynamic response of the structure to the action of the earthquake is difficult to understand, and in particular, part of the colleague understands the action of the earthquake as the earthquake load. In fact, the effect of the earthquake on the structure should not be an external load effect, but an inertial effect due to the ground movement, due to the own mass and rigidity of the structure. Rather than seismic loading, it is also known as seismic inertia. Furthermore, the students learn about the effect and influence of the earthquake on the structure, and still stay on written text expression, so that the students have difficulty in intuitively knowing. Therefore, in order to enable students to intuitively understand the effect of the earthquake on the structure, the invention mainly aims at innovatively providing the structure earthquake dynamic effect demonstration teaching aid convenient to carry, and has the advantages of small size, convenience in carrying, visual and understandable demonstration effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a portable structure earthquake power action demonstration teaching aid which is convenient for teachers to demonstrate structure earthquake power actions for students in situ in class. The motor is reasonable and novel in design, the motor is used as driving force, dynamic reciprocating motion of the bearing plate is realized, and variable-frequency reciprocating motion can be realized through the speed regulator. The loading plate building model with different reciprocating action rates has different dynamic response characteristics. The demonstration teaching aid can not only realize the demonstration of 'quasi-resonance' of earthquake motion and structure generation, but also demonstrate the generation principle of earthquake motion reaction spectrum, and can also compare the result of dynamic response of earthquake resistant and vibration isolating structures.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the portable demonstrating teaching aid comprises a model box, wherein a bearing plate is arranged at the top of the model box in a sliding mode, a plurality of building models are arranged on the upper end face of the bearing plate, and the rigidity of each building model is different; the inside of the model box is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the bearing plate to linearly and horizontally reciprocate.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows: the driving mechanism in the model box is used for realizing the reciprocating motion of the bearing plate and the building models on the bearing plate in the straight horizontal direction, so that the building models on the bearing plate vibrate, the effect of the earthquake on the building body structure is simulated, the effect and the influence of the earthquake on the building body structure are convenient to intuitively teach and demonstrate on site, students can intuitively know the effect of the earthquake on the structure in classrooms, and the frequency contained in the earthquake is related to the basic dynamic characteristics of the structure.
Further, the model box is of a cuboid structure with an opening at the top, two wood shafts are symmetrically arranged at the top of the model box along the length direction of the model box, each wood shaft penetrates through the front face and the back face of the model box and is fixedly connected with the model box, two ends of each wood shaft are respectively located on two sides of the front face and the back face of the model box, two ends of each wood shaft are respectively provided with a bearing, and the outer ring surface of each bearing is in contact with the lower end face of the bearing plate. Through setting up the bearing on the wood axle, realize the slip of loading board in the horizontal direction.
Further, the material of the model box is ABS plastic, and the length of the model box is 47cm, the width of the model box is 20cm and the height of the model box is 12.5cm. Through the setting, lighten the weight of whole demonstration teaching aid and reduce the size of whole demonstration teaching aid, the teacher of being convenient for can hand-carry to the classroom when in class, makes things convenient for scene to demonstrate for the student.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a motor and a transmission mechanism which are arranged in the model box, the driving end of the motor is connected with a speed changer, and the output end of the speed changer is connected with a swing arm;
the transmission mechanism comprises a guide rail which is horizontally arranged, a telescopic rod is arranged on the guide rail in a horizontal sliding mode, one end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the free end of the swing arm through a pin and a connecting rod, the other end of the telescopic rod is provided with a T-shaped rod, the end of the vertical section of the T-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the end part of the telescopic rod through a screw, and the upper end face of the horizontal section of the T-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the bearing plate.
In the above arrangement, the motor is connected with the transmission through gear engagement, and output of motor power is achieved. The swing arm of the speed changer is connected with the connecting rod through a pin, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the telescopic rod through a pin, and the telescopic rod is restrained by the guide rail and can only generate horizontal displacement, the other end of the telescopic rod is connected with the T-shaped rod and is restrained by the bolt, so that the falling-off of the T-shaped rod is avoided; the motor and the speed changer rotate, the swing arm rotates to drive the connecting rod and the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod reciprocates along the guide rail, the bearing plate is connected through the T-shaped rod, the reciprocating motion of the bearing plate is finally realized, the building model on the bearing plate is also vibrated, and the effect of an earthquake on the building body structure is simulated.
Further, as a specific fixed mounting mode of the motor and the transmission mechanism in the model box, a support is horizontally arranged in the model box along the length direction of the support, the bottom of the support is fixedly connected with the inner bottom surface of the model box, the upper end surface of the support is horizontally provided with angle steel along the length direction of the support, the horizontal surface of the angle steel is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the support, the front surface of the vertical surface of the angle steel is provided with a guide rail, a telescopic rod, a connecting rod and a swing arm, and the back surface of the vertical surface of the angle steel is provided with a motor and a speed changer.
Further, a speed regulator is further arranged on the inner side wall of the model box and is electrically connected with a wire on the motor, and the speed regulator is used for controlling the current of the motor; the speed regulator is provided with a knob; the side wall of the model box is provided with a mounting hole communicated with the inside of the model box, and the knob penetrates through the mounting hole to the outside of the model box. In the demonstration process of the invention, 220V voltage is connected to the speed regulator, the current is controlled through the speed regulator, and the rotating speed of the motor and the speed changer is further controlled, finally, the speed of the reciprocating motion of the bearing plate is controlled, and then the vibration of different building models is caused, the effect of the vibration with different intensities on different building structures is intuitively simulated, and students intuitively realize that the frequency contained in the earthquake is related to the basic dynamic characteristics of the structures.
Further, as a specific fixing mode of the angle steel, a plurality of fixing holes are formed in the horizontal plane of the angle steel along the length direction of the angle steel, and the horizontal plane of the angle steel is fixed on the upper end face of the support through self-tapping screws arranged in the fixing holes.
Further, the plurality of building models comprise a seismic isolation model and a seismic isolation model; the bottom of the vibration isolation building model is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing plate through a soft rubber supporting seat; the bottom of the anti-seismic model is directly fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing plate. Through setting up the building model into shock insulation model and antidetonation model for whole demonstration teaching aid still can carry out shock insulation structure and antidetonation structure's dynamic response result's direct-view contrast, helps promoting the teaching effect.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the portable structural earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid is characterized in that the model box is made of ABS plastic, the length of the model box is 47cm, the width of the model box is 20cm, and the height of the model box is 12.5cm, so that the weight of the whole demonstration teaching aid is reduced, the size of the whole demonstration teaching aid is reduced, a teacher can conveniently carry the model box to a classroom in class, and the model box is convenient to demonstrate for students on site.
2. The portable structure earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid simulates the action of the earthquake on the building structure, is convenient for teaching and demonstrating the action and the influence of the earthquake on the building structure on site intuitively, can enable students to know the action of the earthquake on the structure intuitively in classrooms, and can also realize that the frequency contained in the earthquake is related to the basic dynamic characteristics of the structure.
3. According to the portable structure earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid, the building model on the bearing plate is set to be the earthquake isolation model and the earthquake resistant model, so that the whole demonstration teaching aid can visually compare dynamic response results of the earthquake isolation structure and the earthquake resistant structure, and the teaching effect is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a portable demonstration teaching aid for dynamic action of structural earthquake.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a driving mechanism disposed in a mold box.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a structure in which two wood shafts are provided at the top of a mold box.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the driving mechanism and the carrier plate.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the driving mechanism.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the governor.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of angle steel.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the seismic isolation model and the seismic isolation model disposed on the carrier plate.
Wherein, 1, a model box; 2. a carrying plate; 3. building models; 4. a wood shaft; 5. a bearing; 6. a motor; 7. a transmission; 8. swing arms; 9. a guide rail; 10. a telescopic rod; 11. a pin; 12. a connecting rod; 13. a T-shaped rod; 14. a support; 15. angle steel; 16. a speed governor; 17. a knob; 18. a mounting hole; 19. a fixing hole; 20. a seismic isolation model; 21. and (5) an earthquake-resistant model.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a portable demonstrating teaching aid for dynamic action of structural earthquake, which comprises a model box 1, wherein a bearing plate 2 is arranged at the top of the model box 1 in a sliding manner, a plurality of building models 3 are arranged on the upper end surface of the bearing plate 2, and the rigidity of each building model 3 is different; the inside of the model box 1 is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the carrier plate 2 to linearly and horizontally reciprocate. The bearing plate 2 and the building models 3 on the bearing plate 2 do reciprocating motion in the straight horizontal direction through the driving mechanism in the model box 1, so that the building models 3 on the bearing plate 2 vibrate, the effect of the earthquake on the building body structure is simulated, the effect and the influence of the earthquake on the building body structure are convenient to intuitively teach and demonstrate on site, students can intuitively know the effect of the earthquake on the structure in classrooms, and the frequency contained in the earthquake is related to the basic dynamic characteristics of the structure.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the mold box 1 is of a cuboid structure with an opening at the top, two wood shafts 4 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the mold box 1 along the length direction of the top, each wood shaft 4 passes through the front and the back of the mold box 1 and is fixedly connected with the mold box 1, two ends of each wood shaft 4 are respectively positioned at two sides of the front and the back of the mold box 1, two ends of each wood shaft 4 are respectively provided with a bearing 5, and the outer ring surface of each bearing 5 is contacted with the lower end face of the bearing plate 2. By arranging the bearing 5 on the wood shaft 4, the sliding of the bearing plate 2 in the horizontal direction is realized.
Preferably, but not limited to, the material of the mold box 1 is ABS plastic, and the length of the mold box 1 is 47cm, the width is 20cm, and the height is 12.5cm. Through the setting, lighten the weight of whole demonstration teaching aid and reduce the size of whole demonstration teaching aid, the teacher of being convenient for can hand-carry to the classroom when in class, makes things convenient for scene to demonstrate for the student.
Specifically, as an embodiment of the driving mechanism, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the driving mechanism comprises a motor 6 and a transmission mechanism which are arranged in the model box 1, the driving end of the motor 6 is connected with a speed changer 7, and the output end of the speed changer 7 is connected with a swing arm 8; the transmission mechanism comprises a guide rail 9 which is horizontally arranged, a telescopic rod 10 is horizontally arranged on the guide rail 9 in a sliding manner, one end of the telescopic rod 10 is hinged with the free end of the swing arm 8 through a pin 11 and a connecting rod 12, the other end of the telescopic rod is provided with a T-shaped rod 13, the end part of the vertical section of the T-shaped rod 13 is fixedly connected with the end part of the telescopic rod 10 through a screw, and the upper end face of the horizontal section of the T-shaped rod 13 is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the bearing plate 2.
In the above arrangement, the motor 6 is connected to the transmission 7 by gear engagement, and the power output of the motor 6 is achieved. The swing arm 8 of the speed changer 7 is connected with the connecting rod 12 through the pin 11, the other end of the connecting rod 12 is hinged with the telescopic rod 10 through the pin 11, and as the telescopic rod 10 is restrained by the guide rail 9, only horizontal displacement can be generated, the other end of the telescopic rod 10 is connected with the T-shaped rod 13, and the T-shaped rod 13 is prevented from falling off due to the restraint of the bolt; the motor 6 and the speed changer 7 rotate, the swing arm 8 rotates to drive the connecting rod 12 and the telescopic rod 10, the telescopic rod 10 reciprocates along the guide rail 9, the bearing plate 2 is connected through the T-shaped rod 13, the reciprocating motion of the bearing plate 2 is finally realized, the building model 3 on the bearing plate 2 is also vibrated, and the effect of an earthquake on a building body structure is simulated.
Specifically, as a specific fixed mounting mode of the motor 6 and the transmission mechanism in the model box 1, a support 14 is horizontally arranged in the model box 1 along the length direction of the support 14, the bottom of the support 14 is fixedly connected with the inner bottom surface of the model box 1, an angle steel 15 is horizontally arranged on the upper end surface of the support 14 along the length direction of the support, the horizontal plane of the angle steel 15 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the support 14, a guide rail 9, a telescopic rod 10, a connecting rod 12 and a swing arm 8 are arranged on the front surface of the vertical surface of the angle steel 15, and the motor 6 and a transmission 7 are arranged on the back surface of the vertical surface of the angle steel 15. Preferably, but not limited to, as a specific fixing manner of the angle 15, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of fixing holes 19 are provided along the length direction of the angle 15 on the horizontal plane of the angle 15, and the horizontal plane of the angle 15 is fixed to the upper end surface of the support 14 by providing tapping screws in the plurality of fixing holes 19.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7, the inner side wall of the model box 1 is further provided with a speed regulator 16, the speed regulator 16 is electrically connected with a wire on the motor 6, and the speed regulator 16 is used for controlling the current of the motor 6; the speed regulator 16 is provided with a knob 17; the side wall of the model box 1 is provided with a mounting hole 18 communicated with the inside thereof, and the knob 17 passes through the mounting hole 18 and is positioned outside the model box 1. In the demonstration process of the invention, 220V voltage is connected to the speed regulator 16, the current is controlled through the speed regulator 16, and the rotating speeds of the motor 6 and the speed changer 7 are further controlled, finally, the reciprocating speed of the bearing plate 2 is controlled, and further, the vibration of different building models 3 is caused, the effect of vibration with different intensities on different building structures is intuitively simulated, and students intuitively realize that the frequency contained in the earthquake vibration is related to the basic dynamic characteristics of the structures. In the demonstration process of the invention, the four building models 3 on the bearing plate 2 in fig. 1 have different rigidities, and the responses of the four building models 3 are different under different rotation speeds of the motor 6, and generally, when the motor 6 is used as power to cause the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the bearing plate 2 to be similar to the natural vibration frequency of the building models 3, the response of the building models 3 can be maximized.
As shown in fig. 8, the plurality of building models 3 includes a seismic isolation model 20 and a seismic isolation model 21; the bottom of the vibration isolation building model 3 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing plate 2 through a soft rubber supporting seat; the bottom of the anti-seismic model 21 is directly and fixedly connected with the upper end face of the bearing plate 2. Through setting up building model 3 as shock insulation model 20 and antidetonation model 21 for whole demonstration teaching aid still can carry out shock insulation structure and the visual comparison of the dynamic response result of antidetonation structure, helps promoting the teaching effect.
In conclusion, the portable demonstrating teaching aid for the dynamic action of the structural earthquake is light and convenient to carry, clear in principle and visual in demonstrating effect, and can be widely used for teaching demonstration of classes of major classes such as earthquake resistance, structural dynamics and earthquake reduction and isolation principles of building structures in the field of civil engineering.
Claims (8)
1. The portable demonstrating teaching aid for the dynamic action of the structural earthquake is characterized by comprising a model box, wherein a bearing plate is arranged at the top of the model box in a sliding manner, a plurality of building models are arranged on the upper end face of the bearing plate, and the rigidity of each building model is different; the inside of the model box is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the bearing plate to linearly and horizontally reciprocate.
2. The portable structural seismic power action demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, wherein the model box is of a cuboid structure with an opening at the top, two wood shafts are symmetrically arranged at the top of the model box along the length direction of the model box, each wood shaft penetrates through the front face and the back face of the model box to be fixedly connected with the model box, two ends of each wood shaft are respectively positioned on two sides of the front face and the back face of the model box, two ends of each wood shaft are respectively provided with a bearing, and the outer ring surface of each bearing is contacted with the lower end face of the bearing plate.
3. The portable structural seismic power demonstration teaching aid according to claim 2, wherein the material of the model box is ABS plastic, the length of the model box is 47cm, the width is 20cm and the height is 12.5cm.
4. The portable structural seismic power action demonstration teaching aid according to claim 3, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor and a transmission mechanism which are arranged in the model box, the driving end of the motor is connected with a speed changer, and the output end of the speed changer is connected with a swing arm;
the transmission mechanism comprises a guide rail which is horizontally arranged, a telescopic rod is arranged on the guide rail in a horizontal sliding mode, one end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the free end of the swing arm through a pin and a connecting rod, a T-shaped rod is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod, the end of the vertical section of the T-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the end of the telescopic rod through a screw, and the upper end face of the horizontal section of the T-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the bearing plate.
5. The portable structural seismic power action demonstration teaching aid according to claim 4, wherein a support is horizontally arranged in the model box along the length direction of the support, the bottom of the support is fixedly connected with the inner bottom surface of the model box, an angle steel is horizontally arranged on the upper end surface of the support along the length direction of the support, the horizontal surface of the angle steel is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the support, the front surface of the vertical surface of the angle steel is provided with the guide rail, the telescopic rod, the connecting rod and the swing arm, and the back surface of the vertical surface of the angle steel is provided with the motor and the speed changer.
6. The portable structural seismic power action demonstration teaching aid according to claim 5, wherein a speed regulator is further arranged on the inner side wall of the model box, the speed regulator is electrically connected with a wire on the motor, and the speed regulator is used for controlling the current of the motor; the speed regulator is provided with a knob; the side wall of the model box is provided with a mounting hole communicated with the inside of the model box, and the knob passes through the mounting hole and is positioned outside the model box.
7. The portable structural seismic power action demonstration teaching aid according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of fixing holes are formed in the horizontal plane of the angle steel along the length direction of the angle steel, and the horizontal plane of the angle steel is fixed on the upper end face of the support by means of self-tapping screws arranged in the fixing holes.
8. The portable structural seismic dynamics demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the building models comprise a seismic isolation model and a seismic isolation model; the bottom of the vibration isolation building model is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing plate through a soft rubber supporting seat; the bottom of the anti-seismic model is directly fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311557553.2A CN117475710A (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | Portable structure earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311557553.2A CN117475710A (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | Portable structure earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117475710A true CN117475710A (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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ID=89634719
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311557553.2A Pending CN117475710A (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | Portable structure earthquake dynamic action demonstration teaching aid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117475710A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-21 CN CN202311557553.2A patent/CN117475710A/en active Pending
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