CN117470068A - Method and device for measuring nest making angle of aircraft countersunk head nest - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring nest making angle of aircraft countersunk head nest Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
- G01B5/0004—Supports
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring a nest making angle of an aircraft countersunk head nest, and belongs to the field of aircraft assembly detection. The invention is realized based on a special digital measuring tool, the bottom of the tool is provided with two measuring contacts which are transversely arranged and matched with a sensor rod, the transverse displacement of the measuring contacts is converted into the vertical displacement of the sensor rod, the digital display of the angle and the conformity judgment are realized by utilizing a pressure displacement sensor and Pythagorean theorem conversion mode, the automatic calculation is directly realized by utilizing a singlechip and a controller, the displacement perceived by the pressure displacement sensor is converted into the angle of the counter sink by utilizing a trigonometric function relation, the reading of the angle indication is quantitative inspection, the comparison range of the indication and the angle of the counter sink is only used, the qualitative inspection is used for the overrunning warning by utilizing a buzzer, the measurement of the angle of the counter sink can be realized by utilizing the inspection of the two modes, the digital display is realized by utilizing an OLED display screen, the errors caused by manual reading and calculation are avoided, and the working efficiency and the measuring accuracy are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aircraft assembly detection, relates to a method and a device for measuring an angle of a countersunk head nest of an aircraft, in particular to a qualification judging and checking method and a special tool for the quality of the angle of the countersunk head nest of an aviation product, and can quickly finish the consistency judgment of the quality of the angle of the countersunk head nest.
Background
With the development of aviation technology, the requirements on aerodynamic appearance of aviation products are higher and higher, the outer surfaces of the aerodynamic appearance are connected by countersunk standard components such as countersunk rivets and countersunk bolts, the requirement on the concave-convex quantity of the countersunk standard components is particularly important, the concave-convex quantity of the countersunk standard components is influenced by the fact that the countersunk sockets matched with the countersunk standard components do not meet the quality requirement, in order to meet the expected aerodynamic appearance requirement, the angles of the countersunk sockets are allowed to meet the range of 120+/-1 DEG, the angles of the countersunk sockets on one side meet 60+/-0.5 DEG, the exceeding range is out of tolerance, the deviation of the standard components after installation is caused, the quality of the aerodynamic appearance is influenced, and the situation is treated according to unqualified products. The angle measurement of the countersink is free of special tools in both the qualitative inspection and the quantitative inspection, the measurement of the angle of the countersink cannot be realized, at the present stage, the countersink can be inspected by only relying on the same standard component in the angle inspection of the countersink, the standard component has larger quality error, the human factor influence is larger, the improper operation is extremely easy to generate measurement error, and therefore, if the manufacturing error of the countersink standard component for the countersink is larger and the manual operation is improper, the batch quality problem is easy to be caused.
The existing measuring method for the countersunk head socket angle still has the defects and shortcomings through searching related patents for comparison. Such as the patent: the invention relates to a countersunk angle measuring method (CN 104713458B), which has the advantages that quantitative measurement can be realized, the angle of an actually measured countersunk pit can be calculated according to indication, the precision is improved compared with that of a pit test method, and the defect that the precision of the pit test method is not high can be overcome, but although the invention can meet the requirement of realizing quantitative inspection, a specific actually measured angle of the countersunk pit can be finally obtained by converting the geometric relationship of a test technician and an operator according to an actually measured length value, and the actually measured angle of the countersunk pit is indirectly obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to facilitate the realization of the inspection of a qualitative mode and a quantitative mode of the angle of the countersink, solve the inspection requirements of the qualitative mode and the quantitative mode, meet the measurement requirements of the inspection requirements of different apertures, realize the filling of measured values and the compliance judgment of whether the measured values are qualified or not, the invention provides a measuring method of the angle of the countersink of an airplane.
According to the invention, while two detection modes of quantification and qualitative are realized, the automatic calculation of the angle of the countersunk head nest is directly realized by utilizing the singlechip and the controller, and the digital display is performed by utilizing the OLED display screen, so that errors caused by manual reading and calculation are avoided, the hands of a test technician and an operator are liberated, and the efficiency and the accuracy are improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the measuring method of the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest is realized based on a special digital measuring tool for measuring the countersunk head nest angle, the digital display and the conformity judgment of the angle are realized by utilizing a pressure displacement sensor and a mathematical Pythagorean theorem conversion mode, the accuracy of a measuring result and the working efficiency of a checking process are improved, and the measurement of a quantitative mode and a qualitative mode is realized; the specialized digital measurement tool includes a superstructure, a substructure, and an internal structure.
The upper structure comprises a charging port 1, an upper main shell 2, an upper rear cover 3, a switch button 4, a display screen 5, a record/reset button 6 and a buzzer alarm 11; the upper main shell 2 is a hollow square bearing mechanism, and the upper rear cover 3 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the upper main shell 2, so that the connection strength is high and the reliability is good; the charging port 1, the switch button 4, the display screen 5, the record/reset button 6 and the buzzer alarm 11 are all arranged on the upper main shell 2, wherein the charging port 1 is a charging part and is directly connected with the charging module 12 in the internal structure, the switch button 4 is used for realizing startup and shutdown, the display screen 5 is used for displaying a measurement result, the record/reset button 6 is used for data acquisition and reset, the buzzer alarm 11 is an error proofing device, and when qualitative measurement is adopted, the counter pit angle exceeds the tolerance, the buzzer alarm 11 sounds an alarm, so that faults are prevented from being discovered, and the error proofing effect is achieved.
The lower structure comprises a hollow double-end stud 7, a lower shell 8, a lower rear cover 9, a tightening screw 10, a measuring block 20 and a measuring contact 21; the hollow stud 7 is of a hollow structure, the upper end of the hollow stud is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the upper main shell 2, the lower end of the hollow stud is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower shell 8, the hollow stud is of a hollow structure and is used for allowing a sensor rod 17 in an internal structure to pass through, and the action of the sensor rod 17 is not hindered while the main shell 2 and the lower shell 8 are connected; the lower shell 8 is of a hollow tubular structure, the side wall of the lower shell is provided with an opening, and the lower rear cover 9 is fixedly connected with the opening of the lower shell 8 through a tightening screw 10; the measuring block 20 is integrally in a cone shape and is used for supporting a measuring contact 21 and vertical measuring guide, the measuring contact is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower shell 8, a cylindrical guide post is arranged at the tip end of the cone, the outer diameter of the guide post is matched with the inner diameter of a countersunk hole, a radial through hole is formed in the middle of a conical surface, an axial inner hole is formed in the measuring block 20 positioned on the upper side of the through hole and is used for penetrating a sensor rod 17 in an inner structure, and the inner hole is communicated with the radial through hole; the measuring contact 21 is a main working part and is in a columnar structure, the end faces at two ends of the measuring contact are inclined planes, one end face is at an angle of 45 degrees, the end faces at the other end are identical to the theoretical angle of the countersunk pit, the two measuring contacts 21 are arranged in two identical structures, one end of the measuring contact, which is at an angle of 45 degrees, is inwards arranged in a radial through hole of the measuring block 20 from two sides and is an inner end face, the end face at the outer side of the measuring contact 21 protrudes out of a conical surface of the measuring block 20 after the measuring contact is arranged in the through hole, and the measuring contact 21 can slide in the through hole.
The internal structure comprises a charging module 12, a power module 13, a singlechip 14, a controller 15, a sensor 16, a sensor rod 17, a rebound spring 18 and a pin 19; the sensor rod 17 comprises two polished rods with the same structure, the bottoms of the two polished rods are respectively provided with an inclined plane, the inclined planes form an angle of 45 degrees, the inclined planes of the two polished rods are outwards placed side by side to form the sensor rod 17, the sensor rod 17 is placed in the lower shell 8, after the upper end of the sensor rod passes through the hollow double-end stud 7, the two polished rods are respectively matched with the sensor 16, the lower end of the sensor rod 17 penetrates into an axial inner hole at the upper part of the measuring block 20, the inclined planes at the bottoms of the two polished rods are respectively attached to the inner side end surfaces of the measuring contacts 21 at the two sides, and the two polished rods can respectively move up and down; the sensor rod 17, the rebound springs 18 and the pin shafts 19 are matched for use, specifically, radial holes are respectively formed in the middle parts of two polished rods of the sensor rod 17, the two pin shafts 19 are respectively inserted into the two holes and protrude out of the outer walls of the polished rods, the two rebound springs 18 are respectively fixed between the two pin shafts 19 and the hollow double-end stud 7 and used for providing rebound force for the polished rods, and in an initial state, the bottom ends of the sensor rod 17 are propped against the bottoms of axial inner holes of the measuring blocks 20; during measurement, the measuring contact 21 moves inwards to push the sensor rod 17 to move upwards, the transverse movement of the measuring contact 21 is converted into the vertical movement of the sensor rod 17, measurement of the angles of the countersunk head pits with different apertures is completed, the rebound spring 18 is compressed during measurement, rebound force is generated, and after the measurement is completed, the rebound force of the rebound spring 18 pushes the sensor rod 17 to restore to an initial state, so that preparation is made for next measurement; the charging module 12, the power supply module 13, the singlechip 14, the controller 15 and the sensor 16 are all arranged in the upper main shell 2, wherein the sensor 16 is a data acquisition mechanism, a high-precision pressure displacement sensor is adopted, the reliability and the accuracy are higher, the measurement precision reaches 0.01 degrees, the measurement resolution requirement is met, the displacement signals of two polish rods of the sensor rod 17 are respectively acquired and transmitted to the singlechip 14, the singlechip 14 is matched with the controller 15 to realize data conversion, the sensor rod 17 transmits the vertical displacement signal to the sensor 16 to generate a voltage signal corresponding to the vertical displacement signal, the voltage signal is converted into an angle signal by the singlechip 14, the angle value is displayed on the display screen 5, the whole process from sampling to displaying of the data is completed, and when the measurement angle is qualitatively measured, if the measurement angle is not met, the singlechip 14 issues an instruction to the buzzer 11 through the controller 15 to drive the buzzer 11 to complete the alarm action; the charging module 12 and the power supply module 13 are power supply systems, the charging module 12 is utilized to realize the connection between the charging port 1 and the power supply module 13, the electric quantity of the charging port 1 is collected into the power supply module 13 through the charging module 12, the storage of the electric quantity is realized, and the electric quantity is used for realizing the functions of the switch button 4, the display screen 5, the record/reset button 6, the buzzer alarm 11, the singlechip 14, the controller 15 and the sensor 16.
The special digital measuring tool converts the transverse displacement of the measuring contact 21 into the vertical displacement of the sensor rod 17, the vertical displacement of the sensor rod 17 is equal to the transverse displacement of the measuring contact 21 because the contact surface of the sensor rod 17 and the measuring contact 21 is at an angle of 45 degrees, the transverse displacement of the measuring contact 21 can be obtained by reverse pushing because the vertical displacement of the sensor rod 17 can be directly obtained, as shown in figure 3, H is the vertical fixed dimension, namely the distance between the upper surface of the measuring contact 21 and the junction of the guide post of the measuring block 20 and the conical surface, L is the initial transverse dimension, namely the distance between the outer top end of the measuring contact 21 and the axis of the measuring block 20 in the initial state, and x Left side And x Right side The vertical displacement of the two polish rods of the sensor rod 17 is converted into the mathematical triangle geometry to obtain the actual measurement values of the angles of the two sides of the countersunk head nest, wherein the actual measurement values are as follows: θ Left side ＝arctan(H/(L-x Left side ) And theta) Right side ＝arctan(H/(L-x Right side ))。
Furthermore, the upper main shell 2 and the upper rear cover 3 adopt PLA degradable materials for 3D printing, and have the characteristics of high heat resistance, high tensile strength, high compression resistance and good wear resistance.
Furthermore, the switch button 4 adopts a push switch, so that an automatic function can be realized, the quantitative measurement mode is selected by pressing down to electrify one time, the power is cut off again by pressing down, the qualitative measurement mode is selected by pressing down to electrify two times, and the power is cut off again by pressing down one time.
Further, the data recording function is realized by clicking the record/reset button 6, at this time, the display screen displays the measured value, the data resetting function is realized by clicking the record/reset button 6, at this time, the display screen displays the initial angle, so as to achieve the recording and resetting functions of the button.
The measuring method for the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest based on the special digital measuring tool comprises quantitative measurement and qualitative measurement, wherein one or two of the measuring methods are selected according to the measuring requirements, and the specific measuring method comprises the following steps of:
the quantitative measurement comprises the following steps:
step one: clicking a switch button 4 of a special digital measuring tool to select a quantitative measuring mode, and at the moment, a display screen 5 is lightened and an initial angle is displayed;
step two: the measuring contact 21 is stirred, whether the measured angle value in the display screen 5 continuously changes or not is observed, and the continuous change indicates that the special digital measuring tool meets the continuous use requirement; clicking the record/reset button 6 to observe whether the angle of the display screen 5 is fixed or not, if the angle is fixed, the record function is good, at the moment, clicking the record/reset button 6 to observe whether the angle of the display screen 5 returns to the initial angle, and returning to the initial angle meets the use requirement, and the reset function is good;
step three: inserting a special digital measuring tool into a countersunk head nest to be measured, inserting a guide column at the lower part of a measuring block 20 into a countersunk head hole until the insertion can not be continued, wherein at the moment, measuring contacts 21 at the left side and the right side are in close contact with the countersunk head nest, the countersunk head nest pushes the measuring contacts 21 to move inwards so as to push two polished rods of a sensor rod 17 to move upwards respectively, a sensor 16 acquires the displacement of the two polished rods respectively and generates a voltage signal to be transmitted to a controller 15, and the controller 15 converts the voltage signal into an angle value to be displayed on a display screen 5;
step four: keeping a special digital measuring tool in a vertical motionless state, when the numerical value of the display screen 5 is displayed stably, pressing a record/reset button 6 by clicking, activating a recording function at the moment, wherein the display numerical value of the display screen 5 is the angular indication of the counter sockets, and if both sides meet the range of 60+/-0.5 degrees, the display numerical value of the display screen 5 is a qualified counter socket, and for the unqualified counter sockets, calculating an ultra-difference value through the angular numerical value; after the measurement is finished, the record/reset button 6 is double-clicked to reset, at the moment, the reset function is activated, the angle of the display screen 5 displays the initial angle, and the measurement is repeated for three times;
step five: after the measurement work is completed, the switch button 4 is pressed down by clicking to shut down.
The qualitative measurement comprises the following steps:
step one: pressing the switch button 4 of the special digital measuring tool by double clicking to select a qualitative measuring mode, and at the moment, the display screen 5 is lightened and the initial angle is displayed;
step two: the measuring contact 21 is stirred, whether the measured angle value in the display screen 5 continuously changes or not is observed, and the continuous change indicates that the special digital measuring tool meets the continuous use requirement; clicking the record/reset button 6 to observe whether the angle of the display screen 5 is fixed or not, if the angle is fixed, the record function is good, at the moment, clicking the record/reset button 6 to observe whether the angle of the display screen 5 returns to the initial angle, and returning to the initial angle meets the use requirement, and the reset function is good;
step three: inserting a special digital measuring tool into a countersunk head nest to be measured, inserting a guide column at the lower part of a measuring block 20 into a countersunk head hole until the insertion can not be continued, wherein at the moment, measuring contacts 21 at the left side and the right side are in close contact with the countersunk head nest, the countersunk head nest pushes the measuring contacts 21 to move inwards so as to push two polished rods of a sensor rod 17 to move upwards respectively, a sensor 16 acquires the displacement of the two polished rods respectively and generates a voltage signal to be transmitted to a controller 15, and the controller 15 converts the voltage signal into an angle value to be displayed on a display screen 5;
step four: keeping a special digital measuring tool in a vertical motionless state, and when the angle display of the display screen 5 is stable, if the angle of any side of the counter sink exceeds the range of 60+/-0.5 degrees, controlling the buzzer alarm 11 by the single chip microcomputer 14 through the controller 15 to give an alarm, wherein the counter sink is unqualified, if the buzzer alarm 11 does not give an alarm, the counter sink is qualified, and after the measurement is finished, the double-click record/reset button 6 is reset, the reset function is activated, the angle of the display screen 5 displays the initial angle, and the measurement is repeated for three times;
step five: after the measurement is completed, the switch button 4 is pressed down by clicking to turn off the device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the research on the existing measuring method and measuring tool finds that the measuring difficulty of the pit making angle of the aircraft countersink is high, the measuring efficiency is low, the dependence of the countersink angle on people is high through manual calculation, the subjective judgment and the operation method have great influence on the measuring result, digital display cannot be realized, whether the standard part is qualified or not is judged through the standard part pit testing method is also limited by the influence of the manufacturing precision of the standard part, and the problem seriously influences the delivery quality of the countersink and the working efficiency of test technicians, so that the delivery quality and the delivery period of the final product are influenced.
The invention quantitatively measures the specific actual measurement value of the angle of the countersunk head, is convenient for filling in the manufacturing record of the product manufactured by the airplane, improves the traceability of the measurement result, and qualitatively measures the angle of the countersunk head to finish the coincidence judgment of the angle of the countersunk head, can be used for self-checking work in daily production process and improves self-checking efficiency. In structural realization, the invention can solve the complex measurement problem by using a simple mechanical structure, and skillfully uses the contact angle between the sensor rod and the measurement contact to transmit the moving dimension of the measurement contact to the sensor rod in a 1:1 mode, so that the sensor obtains the moving dimension of the measurement contact, and skillfully uses the Pythagorean theorem to realize digital measurement of the angle of the countersunk head, thereby realizing measurement of the angles of the countersunk head with different apertures.
The invention has simple design structure, smaller volume and convenient operation and carrying, can obviously improve the measuring work efficiency of the angle of the countersink and the accuracy of the quality control of the angle of the countersink after application, plays a positive role in ensuring the quality of the countersink in aircraft products and the pneumatic appearance quality of the aircraft, and can realize double digital measurement and control by inspection technicians and operators after the method is applied to a large number of working sites, so that quality problems can be found in time, the quality problems can be solved at the source end, the fault elimination difficulty and the fault elimination cost are avoided after the flow into downstream working procedures, further the effects of saving labor cost and time cost are achieved, and the delivery period is effectively shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a dedicated digital measurement tool;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a specialized digital measurement tool;
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of a dedicated digital measurement tool;
in the figure: 1-a charging port; 2-an upper main housing; 3-upper back cover; 4-a switch button; 5-a display screen; 6-record/reset button; 7-hollow studs; 8-a lower housing; 9-lower back cover; 10-screwing the screw; 11-a buzzer alarm; 12-a charging module; 13-a power module; 14-a singlechip; 15-a controller; 16-a sensor; 17-a sensor lever; 18-rebound springs; 19-pin shafts; 20-measuring blocks; 21-measuring contacts.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described below. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and that those skilled in the art may improve or adjust all other embodiments based on the embodiments of the present invention, which are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The measuring method of the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest is realized based on a special digital measuring tool for measuring the countersunk head nest angle, the digital display and the conformity judgment of the angle are realized by utilizing a pressure displacement sensor and a mathematical Pythagorean theorem conversion mode, the accuracy of a measuring result and the working efficiency of a checking process are improved, and the measurement of a quantitative mode and a qualitative mode is realized; the specialized digital measurement tool includes a superstructure, a substructure, and an internal structure, as shown in fig. 1-3.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the upper structure comprises a charging port 1, an upper main shell 2, an upper rear cover 3, a switch button 4, a display screen 5, a record/reset button 6 and a buzzer alarm 11; the upper main shell 2 is a hollow square bearing mechanism, and the upper rear cover 3 adopts four partsThe screw of the upper main shell 2 is fixedly connected at the rear side of the upper main shell 2, the connection strength is high, the reliability is good, the upper main shell 2 and the upper rear cover 3 are 3D printed by adopting PLA degradable materials, and the upper main shell has the characteristics of high heat resistance, high tensile strength, high compression resistance and good wear resistance; the charging port 1, the switch button 4, the display screen 5, the record/reset button 6 and the buzzer alarm 11 are all arranged on the upper main shell 2, so that certain connection strength is ensured, wherein the charging port 1 is a charging part and is directly connected with a charging module 12 in an internal structure, a type-c interface is adopted, the universalization is convenient to realize, the switch button 4 is used for realizing the startup and shutdown of a special digital measuring tool, the display screen 5 adopts a 1.3 inch OLED display screen, the characteristics of clear screen and bright brightness are achieved, the record/reset button 6 is a data acquisition and reset button, the buzzer alarm 11 is an error proofing device, and when the measured value of the single-side counter sink angle exceeds 60+/-0.5 DEG in qualitative measurement, the buzzer alarm 11 gives out alarm sounds, so that faults are prevented from being not found, and the error proofing effect is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, the lower structure comprises a hollow stud 7, a lower shell 8, a lower rear cover 9, a tightening screw 10, a rebound spring 18, a measuring block 20 and a measuring contact 21; the hollow stud 7 is of a middle hollow structure, the upper end of the hollow stud is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the upper main shell 2, the lower end of the hollow stud is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower shell 8, the middle of the hollow stud is of a hollow structure for penetrating into a sensor rod 17 in an internal structure, and the hollow stud is connected with the main shell 2 and the lower shell 8 without obstructing the action of the sensor rod 17; the lower shell 8 is of a hollow tubular structure, the side wall of the lower shell is provided with an opening, and the lower rear cover 9 utilizes four partsThe tightening screw 10 is connected to the opening of the lower shell 8; the measuring block 20 is integrally in a cone shape and is used for supporting the measuring contact 21 and vertical measuring guide, the measuring contact is connected with the lower end of the lower shell 8 by adopting screw threads, the connection is reliable and safe, a cylindrical guide post is arranged at the tip end position of the cone, the outer diameter of the guide post is matched with the inner diameter of a countersunk hole, a radial through hole is arranged in the middle of a conical surface, the measuring block 20 positioned at the upper side of the through hole is provided with an axial inner hole which is used for penetrating into a sensor rod 17 in an inner structure, and the inner hole is communicated with the radial through hole; the measuring contact 21 is a main working part and is in a columnar structure, the end faces at two ends of the measuring contact are inclined planes, one end face is at an angle of 45 degrees, the end faces at the other end are identical to the theoretical angle of the countersunk pit, the two measuring contacts 21 are arranged in two identical structures, one end of the measuring contact, which is at an angle of 45 degrees, is inwards arranged in a radial through hole of the measuring block 20 from two sides and is an inner end face, the end face at the outer side of the measuring contact 21 protrudes out of a conical surface of the measuring block 20 after the measuring contact is arranged in the through hole, and the measuring contact 21 can slide in the through hole.
As shown in fig. 3, the internal structure includes a charging module 12, a power module 13, a singlechip 14, a controller 15, a sensor 16, a sensor rod 17, a rebound spring 18 and a pin 19; the sensor rod 17 comprises two polished rods with the same structure, the bottoms of the two polished rods are respectively provided with an inclined plane, the inclined planes form an angle of 45 degrees, the inclined planes of the two polished rods are outwards placed side by side to form the sensor rod 17, the sensor rod 17 is placed in the lower shell 8, after the upper end of the sensor rod passes through the hollow double-end stud 7, the two polished rods are respectively matched with the sensor 16, the lower end of the sensor rod 17 penetrates into an axial inner hole at the upper part of the measuring block 20, the inclined planes at the bottoms of the two polished rods are respectively attached to the inner side end surfaces of the measuring contacts 21 at the two sides, and the two polished rods can respectively move up and down; the sensor rod 17, the rebound springs 18 and the pin shafts 19 are matched for use, radial holes are respectively formed in the middle parts of two polished rods of the sensor rod 17, the two pin shafts 19 are respectively inserted into the two holes and protrude out of the outer walls of the polished rods, the two rebound springs 18 are respectively fixed between the two pin shafts 19 and the hollow double-end stud 7 and are used for providing rebound force for the polished rods after upward movement, and in an initial state, the bottom ends of the sensor rod 17 are propped against the bottoms of axial inner holes of the measuring blocks 20; during measurement, the sensor rod 17 moves along with the movement of the measuring contact 21, the transverse movement of the measuring contact 21 is converted into the vertical movement of the sensor rod 17, further, the measurement of the angles of the countersunk head pits with different apertures is completed, the rebound spring 18 is compressed in the measurement process, rebound force is generated, after the measurement is completed, data is fixed, the rebound force of the rebound spring 18 pushes the sensor rod 17 to restore to an initial state, and preparation is made for the next measurement; the sensor 16 is a data acquisition mechanism, a high-precision pressure displacement sensor is adopted, the reliability and the accuracy are high, the measurement precision can reach 0.01 degrees, the measurement resolution requirement is met, the sensor is respectively matched with two polished rods of the sensor rod 17 to sense the displacement of the sensor rod, displacement data are transmitted to the singlechip 14, the singlechip 14 is matched with the controller 15 to realize data conversion, the sensor rod 17 transmits a vertical displacement signal to the sensor 16 to generate a voltage signal corresponding to the vertical displacement signal, the controller 15 is used for converting the voltage signal into an angle signal, the angle signal value is displayed on the display screen 5, and the whole process from sampling to displaying of the data is completed; the charging module 12 and the power supply module 13 are power supply systems, the charging module 12 is utilized to realize the connection between the charging port 1 and the power supply module 13, the electric quantity of the charging port 1 is collected into the power supply module 13 through the charging module 12, the storage of the electric quantity is realized, and the electric quantity is used for realizing the functions of the switch button 4, the display screen 5, the record/reset button 6, the buzzer alarm 11, the singlechip 14, the controller 15 and the sensor 16.
By converting the lateral displacement of the measuring contact 21 into the vertical displacement of the sensor rod 17, the vertical displacement of the sensor rod 17 is equal to the lateral displacement of the measuring contact 21 because the contact surface of the sensor rod 17 and the measuring contact 21 is at an angle of 45 DEG, and the lateral displacement of the measuring contact 21 can be obtained by the back-pushing because the vertical displacement of the sensor rod 17 can be directly obtained, as shown in fig. 3, H is the vertical sizing, namely the distance between the upper surface of the measuring contact 21 and the junction of the guide post and the conical surface of the measuring block 20, L is the initial lateral size, namely the distance between the outer top end of the measuring contact 21 and the axis of the measuring block 20 in the initial state, and x Left side And x Right side The vertical displacement of two polish rods of the sensor rod 17 respectively passes through the mathematical triangle geometryThe actual measurement values of the angles of the two sides of the countersunk head nest can be obtained after conversion are as follows: θ Left side ＝arctan(H/(L-x Left side ) And theta) Right side ＝arctan(H/(L-x Right side ))。
The method for measuring the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest based on the special digital measuring tool comprises quantitative measurement and qualitative measurement, wherein the quantitative measurement is adopted in the embodiment, and the method comprises the following steps of:
step one: taking out the special tool for measuring the angle of the countersunk head nest, checking whether the label is complete or not, and checking whether the appearance is good or not;
step two: clicking the switch button 4 to select a quantitative measurement mode, and at this time, the display screen 5 is lightened, and the initial angle is displayed;
step three: the measuring contact 21 is lightly stirred by hands, whether the measured angle value in the display screen 5 continuously changes or not is observed, and the continuous change indicates that the special digital measuring tool meets the continuous use requirement;
step four: clicking the record/reset button 6 to observe whether the angle of the display screen 5 is fixed or not, if the angle is fixed, the record function is good, at the moment, clicking the record/reset button 6 to observe whether the angle of the display screen 5 returns to the initial angle, and returning to the initial angle meets the use requirement, and the reset function is good;
step five: inserting a special digital measuring tool into a countersunk head nest to be measured, inserting a guide column at the lower part of a measuring block 20 into a countersunk head hole until the insertion can not be continued, wherein at the moment, measuring contacts 21 at the left side and the right side are in close contact with the countersunk head nest, the countersunk head nest pushes the measuring contacts 21 to move inwards so as to push two polished rods of a sensor rod 17 to move upwards respectively, a sensor 16 acquires the displacement of the two polished rods respectively and generates a voltage signal to be transmitted to a controller 15, and the controller 15 converts the voltage signal into an angle value to be displayed on a display screen 5;
step six: the vertical motionless state is kept, the angle display of the display screen 5 is stable, the record/reset button 6 is pressed down by clicking, the recording function is activated at the moment, and the display screen 5 displays theta Left side 60.11 degrees θ Right side 59.88 degrees, both sides meet the range of 60+/-0.5 degrees, the countersunk head nest is qualified, and measurement is carried outAfter finishing, double-clicking the record/reset button 6 to reset, at the moment, activating the reset function, displaying the initial angle by the angle of the display screen 5, repeating the measurement for three times, and avoiding the instability of the tool;
step seven: after the measurement is finished, the switch button 4 is pressed down by clicking to shut down, the special digital measuring tool is wiped clean and retracted, and the original position is restored.
Example 2
Qualitative measurements were performed using the dedicated digitized measurements in example 1, comprising the steps of:
step one: taking out the special digital measuring tool to check whether the label is complete or not and whether the appearance is good or not;
step two: pressing the switch button 4 by double clicking to select a qualitative measurement mode, wherein the display screen 5 is lightened at the moment, and the initial angle is displayed;
step three: the measuring contact 21 is lightly stirred by hands, whether the measured angle value in the display screen 5 continuously changes or not is observed, and the continuous change indicates that the special digital measuring tool meets the continuous use requirement;
step four: clicking the record/reset button 6 to observe whether the angle of the display screen 5 is fixed or not, if the angle is fixed, the record function is good, at the moment, clicking the record/reset button 6 to observe whether the angle of the display screen 5 returns to the initial angle, and returning to the initial angle meets the use requirement, and the reset function is good;
step five: inserting a special digital measuring tool into a countersunk head nest to be measured, inserting a guide column at the lower part of a measuring block 20 into a countersunk head hole until the insertion can not be continued, wherein at the moment, measuring contacts 21 at the left side and the right side are in close contact with the countersunk head nest, the countersunk head nest pushes the measuring contacts 21 to move inwards so as to push two polished rods of a sensor rod 17 to move upwards respectively, a sensor 16 acquires the displacement of the two polished rods respectively and generates a voltage signal to be transmitted to a controller 15, and the controller 15 converts the voltage signal into an angle value to be displayed on a display screen 5;
step six: keeping a special digital measuring tool in a vertical motionless state, and when the angle display of the display screen 5 is stable, the buzzer alarm 11 sends out an alarm to indicate that the single-side angle of the countersunk pit exceeds the range of 60+/-0.5 degrees, the double-click record/reset button 6 resets, the reset function is activated, the angle display of the display screen 5 displays the initial angle, the measurement is repeated for three times, the buzzer alarm 11 sends out an alarm, the measurement result is that the angle of the countersunk pit is out of tolerance, the countersunk pit is unqualified, and the record is well made;
step seven: after the measurement is finished, the switch button 4 is pressed down by clicking to shut down, the special digital measuring tool is wiped clean and retracted, and the original position is restored.
The examples described above represent only embodiments of the invention and are not to be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the invention, it being pointed out that several variants and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the invention, which fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The measuring device for the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest is characterized by comprising an upper structure, a lower structure and an inner structure;
the upper structure comprises a charging port (1), an upper main shell (2), an upper rear cover (3), a switch button (4), a display screen (5), a recording/resetting button (6) and a buzzer alarm (11); the upper main shell (2) is a hollow square bearing mechanism, and the upper rear cover (3) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the upper main shell (2); the charging port (1), the switch button (4), the display screen (5), the recording/resetting button (6) and the buzzer alarm (11) are all arranged on the upper main shell (2), wherein the charging port (1) is directly connected with the charging module (12) in the internal structure, the switch button (4) is used for realizing starting and shutdown, the display screen (5) is used for displaying a measurement result, the recording/resetting button (6) is used for data acquisition and resetting, and the buzzer alarm (11) is used for sending out alarm sound when the counter pit is out of tolerance;
the lower structure comprises a hollow double-end stud (7), a lower shell (8), a lower rear cover (9), a measuring block (20) and a measuring contact (21); the hollow double-end stud (7) is of a hollow structure, the upper end of the hollow double-end stud is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the upper main shell (2), the lower end of the hollow double-end stud is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower shell (8), and the hollow structure is used for a sensor rod (17) in an internal structure to penetrate through; the lower shell (8) is of a hollow tubular structure, the side wall of the lower shell is provided with an opening, and the lower rear cover (9) is fixedly connected to the opening of the lower shell (8); the measuring block (20) is integrally in a cone shape and is used for supporting a measuring contact (21) and vertical measuring guide, the measuring block is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower shell (8), a cylindrical guide post is arranged at the tip end of the cone, a radial through hole is arranged in the middle of the conical surface, an axial inner hole is arranged on the measuring block (20) positioned at the upper side of the through hole, and the inner hole is communicated with the radial through hole; the measuring contact (21) is of a columnar structure, the end faces at two ends of the measuring contact are inclined planes, the end face at one end is at an angle of 45 degrees, the end face at the other end is the same as the theoretical angle of the countersunk pit, the two measuring contacts (21) are arranged in two identical structures, one end of the measuring contact, which is at an angle of 45 degrees, is inwards arranged in a radial through hole of the measuring block (20) from two sides, is an inner end face, the end face at the outer side of the measuring contact (21) protrudes out of a conical surface of the measuring block (20) after the measuring contact is arranged, and the measuring contact (21) can slide in the through hole;
the internal structure comprises a charging module (12), a power supply module (13), a singlechip (14), a controller (15), a sensor (16), a sensor rod (17), a rebound spring (18) and a pin shaft (19); the sensor rod (17) comprises two polished rods with the same structure, inclined surfaces are respectively formed at the bottoms of the two polished rods, the inclined surfaces form an angle of 45 degrees, the inclined surfaces of the two polished rods are outwards placed side by side to form the sensor rod (17), the sensor rod (17) is placed in the lower shell (8), the upper ends of the sensor rod penetrate through the hollow double-end stud (7), the two polished rods are respectively matched with the sensor (16), the lower ends of the sensor rod (17) penetrate into an axial inner hole at the upper part of the measuring block (20), the inclined surfaces at the bottoms of the two polished rods are respectively attached to the inner side end surfaces of the measuring contacts (21) at the two sides, and the two polished rods can respectively move up and down; the sensor rod (17), the rebound springs (18) and the pin shafts (19) are matched for use, and particularly, radial holes are respectively formed in the middle parts of two polish rods of the sensor rod (17), the two pin shafts (19) are respectively inserted into the two holes and protrude out of the outer walls of the polish rods, the two rebound springs (18) are respectively fixed between the two pin shafts (19) and the hollow double-end stud (7) and used for providing rebound force for the polish rods, and in an initial state, the bottom ends of the sensor rod (17) are propped against the bottoms of axial inner holes of the measuring blocks (20); the charging module (12), the power supply module (13), the singlechip (14), the controller (15) and the sensor (16) are all arranged in the upper main shell (2), wherein the sensor (16) respectively acquires displacement signals of two polished rods of the sensor rod (17), transmits the displacement signals to the singlechip (14) to realize data conversion, and displays an angle value on the display screen (5), and when the qualitative measurement is performed, if the measurement angle does not meet the requirement, the singlechip (14) issues an instruction to the buzzer alarm (11) through the controller (15) to drive the buzzer alarm (11) to complete the alarm action; the charging module (12) is connected with the charging port (1) and the power module (13), and the electric quantity of the charging port (1) is collected into the power module (13) through the charging module (12), so that the electric quantity is stored.
2. The device for measuring the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the guide column at the lower part of the measuring block (20) is matched with the inner diameter of the countersunk head hole.
3. The device for measuring the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest according to claim 1, wherein the lower rear cover (9) is fixedly connected to the opening of the lower shell (8) through a tightening screw (10).
4. The measuring device for the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest according to claim 1, wherein the sensor (16) adopts a high-precision pressure displacement sensor, and the measuring precision is 0.01 degrees.
5. A method for measuring the nest making angle of an aircraft countersink, which is characterized in that the measuring method is realized based on the special digital measuring tool for measuring the countersink angle according to any of claims 1-4, namely the special digital measuring tool comprises an upper structure, a lower structure and an inner structure; the measuring method comprises quantitative measurement and qualitative measurement, one or two of the quantitative measurement and the qualitative measurement are selected according to the measurement requirement, and the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step one: pressing a switch button (4) of a special digital measuring tool to select a quantitative measuring mode or a qualitative measuring mode, and at the moment, a display screen (5) is lightened and an initial angle is displayed;
step two: the measuring contact (21) is stirred, whether the angle measured value in the display screen (5) continuously changes or not is observed, and the continuous change indicates that the special digital measuring tool meets the continuous use requirement; the recording/resetting button (6) is pressed down by clicking, whether the angle of the display screen (5) is fixed or not is observed, the recording function is good if the angle is fixed or not, at the moment, the recording/resetting button (6) is pressed down by clicking, whether the angle of the display screen (5) returns to the initial angle or not is observed, the returning initial angle meets the use requirement, and the resetting function is good;
step three: inserting a special digital measuring tool into a countersunk head nest to be measured, enabling a guide column at the lower part of a measuring block (20) to be inserted into a countersunk head hole until the insertion can not be continued, at the moment, tightly contacting measuring contacts (21) at the left side and the right side with the countersunk head nest, pushing the measuring contacts (21) to move inwards by the countersunk head nest, further pushing two polished rods of a sensor rod (17) to move upwards respectively, respectively obtaining the displacement of the two polished rods by a sensor (16) and generating a voltage signal to be transmitted to a controller (15), and converting the voltage signal into an angle value by the controller (15) to be displayed on a display screen (5);
step four: keeping a special digital measuring tool in a vertical motionless state, during quantitative measurement, the numerical value display of a display screen (5) is stable, a recording/resetting button (6) is pressed down by clicking, at the moment, the recording function is activated, the display numerical value of the display screen (5) is the angular indication of the counter sink, the display numerical value of the display screen (5) is the qualified counter sink when both sides meet the range of 60+/-0.5 degrees, and the ultra-difference value is calculated for the unqualified counter sink through the angular numerical value; in the qualitative measurement, if the angle of the countersunk pit exceeds the tolerance, the singlechip (14) controls the buzzer alarm (11) to give an alarm through the controller (15), and if the buzzer alarm (11) does not give an alarm, the countersunk pit is qualified; after the measurement is finished, the recording/resetting button (6) is double-clicked to reset, at the moment, the resetting function is activated, the angle of the display screen (5) displays the initial angle, and the measurement is repeated for three times;
step five: after the measurement work is completed, the switch button (4) is pressed down by clicking to turn off.
6. The method for measuring the nest making angle of an aircraft countersunk head according to claim 5, wherein said special digital measuring tool uses the transverse position of the measuring feeler (21)The movement is converted into vertical displacement of the sensor rod (17), and the contact surface of the sensor rod (17) and the measuring contact (21) is at an angle of 45 degrees, so that the vertical displacement of the sensor rod (17) is equal to the transverse displacement of the measuring contact (21), and the actual measurement values of the angles at the two sides of the countersunk head are as follows: θ Left side ＝arctan(H/(L-x Left side ) And theta) Right side ＝arctan(H/(L-x Right side ) Where H is the vertical dimension, L is the initial lateral dimension, x Left side And x Right side The vertical displacement of the two polished rods of the sensor rod (17) is respectively.
7. The method for measuring the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest according to claim 5, wherein the switch button (4) adopts a push switch, and is powered on by clicking, and the quantitative measuring mode is selected, and then powered off by clicking, and the qualitative measuring mode is selected by clicking, and then powered off by clicking.
8. The method for measuring the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest according to claim 5, wherein the charging port (1) adopts a type-c interface for realizing generalization.
9. The method for measuring the nest making angle of the aircraft countersunk head nest according to claim 5, wherein the display screen (5) is a 1.3 inch OLED display screen.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311434677.1A CN117470068A (en) | 2023-11-01 | 2023-11-01 | Method and device for measuring nest making angle of aircraft countersunk head nest |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311434677.1A CN117470068A (en) | 2023-11-01 | 2023-11-01 | Method and device for measuring nest making angle of aircraft countersunk head nest |
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| CN202311434677.1A Pending CN117470068A (en) | 2023-11-01 | 2023-11-01 | Method and device for measuring nest making angle of aircraft countersunk head nest |
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| CN (1) | CN117470068A (en) |
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