CN117465028A - Infrared heating control system and method of wire laying machine and wire laying machine - Google Patents

Infrared heating control system and method of wire laying machine and wire laying machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117465028A
CN117465028A CN202311499630.3A CN202311499630A CN117465028A CN 117465028 A CN117465028 A CN 117465028A CN 202311499630 A CN202311499630 A CN 202311499630A CN 117465028 A CN117465028 A CN 117465028A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
infrared heating
temperature data
laying machine
wire laying
module
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Pending
Application number
CN202311499630.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹安定
高猛
邓栋
胡月
王明阳
徐文文
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Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
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Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
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Application filed by Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd filed Critical Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
Priority to CN202311499630.3A priority Critical patent/CN117465028A/en
Publication of CN117465028A publication Critical patent/CN117465028A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
    • B29C70/382Automated fiber placement [AFP]
    • B29C70/384Fiber placement heads, e.g. component parts, details or accessories
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation

Abstract

The application discloses an infrared heating control system of a wire laying machine, which comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and an adjusting unit; the control unit is connected with the wire laying machine and receives current operation data of the wire laying machine; the output end of the control unit is connected with the regulating unit, and the output end of the regulating unit is connected with the input end of the control unit, so that the regulating unit feeds back and outputs temperature data to the control unit; the acquisition unit is connected with the control unit and acquires current temperature data of the wire laying machine; the control unit is used for receiving and processing the current temperature data and the current operation data to obtain set temperature data, and generating a real-time control instruction according to the set temperature data and the output temperature data; the adjusting unit is connected with the infrared heating element and is used for adjusting the current parameters of the infrared heating element according to the real-time control instruction. The control unit is used for continuously receiving and processing the transmitted data to obtain a real-time control instruction and adjusting the parameters of the infrared heating element through the adjusting unit so as to improve the heating effect.

Description

Infrared heating control system and method of wire laying machine and wire laying machine
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of composite material forming processing, in particular to an infrared heating control system and method of a wire laying machine and the wire laying machine.
Background
The forming processing of the composite material is that an automatic laying device is used for laying the composite material on target equipment according to established standards and requirements in a common scene, namely, in the manufacturing process of aerospace equipment. Some composite materials are required to be crosslinked, condensed and subjected to chemical reaction under the heating action of a heat source to be cured and formed, for example, a common prepreg narrow band of automatic wire laying equipment is formed by impregnating unidirectional fibers with a resin matrix to prepare a composition of the resin matrix and a reinforcement, namely, a prepreg band is cut and rewound. The prepreg narrow tape is stored in a low-temperature environment of minus ten degrees at ordinary times, is usually taken out in advance for 24 hours to be thawed in a clean environment of about 20 ℃ when being laid, and is put into a yarn box of a yarn laying machine, and after the yarn box and a yarn conveying pipeline are required to be kept at a proper environment temperature, if the temperature is too high, a crosslinking reaction is carried out on the yarn bundles, so that the yarn bundles are adhered to a yarn feeding device and a yarn feeding pipeline, the yarn feeding is difficult or blocked, the laying process is failed, and the working efficiency and the product quality of the yarn laying machine are seriously affected. When the wire spreader is used for spreading, the temperature of the spreading surface needs to reach the optimal cross-linking temperature of the prepreg to fully dissolve and connect the resin of one spreading layer and the current spreading layer on the filament bundle, the temperature of the low-temperature curing prepreg is about 80 ℃, the temperature of the medium-temperature curing prepreg is about 120 ℃ and the temperature of the high-temperature curing prepreg is equal to or greater than 180 ℃, the temperature control directly influences the spreading quality and efficiency, and the temperature of the prepreg in the wire spreader system is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the application is to provide a wire laying machine infrared heating control system and method and a wire laying machine, and aims to solve the technical problem that the infrared heating effect of the existing wire laying machine equipment is poor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides an infrared heating control system of a wire laying machine, wherein the wire laying machine is used for laying composite materials and comprises an infrared heating element, and the infrared heating control system comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and an adjusting unit;
the control unit is connected with the wire laying machine and is used for receiving current operation data of the wire laying machine;
the output end of the control unit is connected with the adjusting unit, and the output end of the adjusting unit is connected with the input end of the control unit, so that the adjusting unit can feed back and output temperature data to the control unit;
the acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the control unit and is used for acquiring current temperature data of the wire laying machine;
the control unit is used for receiving and processing the current temperature data and the current operation data to obtain set temperature data, and generating a real-time control instruction according to the set temperature data and the output temperature data;
The adjusting unit is connected with the infrared heating element and is used for adjusting the current parameters of the infrared heating element according to the real-time control instruction.
Optionally, the control unit includes a first analog input module, a second analog input module, an analog output module, and a control processing module, where the first analog input module, the second analog input module, and the analog output module are respectively connected with the control processing module.
Optionally, the acquisition unit comprises a first sensing module, a second sensing module and a third sensing module,
the first sensing module and the second sensing module are respectively connected with the first analog input module, the third sensing module is connected with the second analog input module,
the first sensing module is used for collecting the ambient temperature of a laying area of the wire laying machine, the second sensing module is used for collecting the heating temperature of the infrared heating element, and the third sensing module is used for collecting the actual laying temperature of the composite material.
Optionally, the adjusting unit comprises an executing module and a measuring module,
the input end of the execution module is connected with the output end of the analog quantity output module, and the output end of the execution module is connected to the infrared heating element;
The measuring module is connected with the first analog input module and is used for feeding back output temperature data to the first analog input module.
In another aspect, the present application also provides a wire laying machine for laying down a composite material, the wire laying machine including an infrared heating element, the wire laying machine including a wire laying machine infrared heating control system as described above.
In yet another aspect, the present application further provides an infrared heating control method for a wire spreader infrared heating control system as described above, comprising the steps of:
acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data through the acquisition unit and the wire laying machine;
acquiring set temperature data of infrared heating according to the current temperature data and the current operation data;
generating a real-time control instruction according to the output temperature data and the set temperature data;
and outputting the real-time control instruction to the adjusting unit so that the adjusting unit adjusts the current parameters of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the real-time control instruction.
Optionally, the acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data of the wire laying machine includes:
Judging whether the laying speed of the wire laying machine is zero;
if the judgment result is negative, acquiring the current operation data and the current temperature data; the current operation data comprise the laying speed of the wire laying machine, and the current temperature data comprise the heating temperature, the environment temperature and the actual laying temperature;
and if the judgment result is yes, stopping the operation of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine.
Optionally, the set temperature data includes set power, and the acquiring the set temperature data of infrared heating according to the current temperature data and the current operation data includes:
obtaining the set power of an infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the following relation;
P setting up =K·v·(T Setting up -T Actual practice is that of ),
Wherein P is Setting up Representing the set power of an infrared heating element of the wire laying machine, K representing a proportionality coefficient, v representing a laying speed and T Setting up Indicating the set temperature of the layer, T Actual practice is that of Indicating the actual temperature of the layup.
Optionally, the acquiring the real-time control instruction of infrared heating according to the output temperature data and the set temperature data includes:
calculating the deviation of the output temperature data and the set temperature data;
Taking the deviation as input of a PID control algorithm, and obtaining a control quantity corresponding to the deviation according to the following relation:
wherein u (t) is a control amount, e (t) is a deviation, K p To control the proportional gain of the law, T i To control the integration time constant of the law, T d A differential time constant that is a control law;
and generating the real-time control instruction according to the control quantity corresponding to the deviation.
Optionally, outputting the real-time control instruction to the adjusting unit, so that after the adjusting unit adjusts the current parameters of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the real-time control instruction, the method further comprises:
and returning to execute the step of acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data.
The infrared heating control system of the wire laying machine comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and an adjusting unit; the control unit is connected with the wire laying machine and is used for receiving current operation data of the wire laying machine; the output end of the control unit is connected with the adjusting unit, and the output end of the adjusting unit is connected with the input end of the control unit, so that the adjusting unit can feed back and output temperature data to the control unit; the acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the control unit and is used for acquiring current temperature data of the wire laying machine; the control unit is used for receiving and processing the current temperature data and the current operation data to obtain set temperature data, and generating a real-time control instruction according to the set temperature data and the output temperature data; the adjusting unit is connected with the infrared heating element and is used for adjusting the current parameters of the infrared heating element according to the real-time control instruction. The control unit is connected with the wire laying machine equipment, the acquisition unit and the adjusting unit, can receive the current temperature data, the operation data and the output temperature data of the wire laying machine, calculates and acquires a real-time control instruction according to the data and the actual requirements to control the temperature of the infrared heating element, and improves the control effect of infrared heating in the wire laying process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained from the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an infrared heating control system of a wire laying machine of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of an infrared heating control system of the wire laying machine of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of an infrared heating control system of the wire laying machine of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of one embodiment of an infrared heating control method of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the positional relationship of an infrared heating element to a mat in one embodiment of the infrared heating control method of the present application;
the realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments, referring to the attached drawings.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is correspondingly changed.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be either permanently attached or removably attached, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout includes three parallel schemes, for example "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be regarded as not exist and not within the protection scope of the present application.
The temperature control method of the existing laying equipment is mainly based on an empirical method and a thermal radiation mathematical modeling, wherein the empirical method is to sum up the relation between the heating power of an infrared heating element and various parameters during laying through a large amount of test data, the method lacks theoretical basis, the experimental data is limited, and the application scene is limited; the mathematical modeling of the heat radiation is to establish a heat radiation equation and express the relation between the power of the infrared heating element and various parameters during laying by determining equation coefficients, and the method does not consider the influence of the response time of the wavelength of the infrared heating element during high-speed laying, namely the radiation of the infrared heating element can only heat the surface of the prepreg and cannot penetrate the inside of a prepreg narrow band. In general, the heating power determined according to the heat radiation equation may not meet the heating requirement of high-speed wire laying by passing a current from the filament of the infrared heating element until heat radiation is normally generated for a reaction time exceeding 1 minute. In addition, in the laying process, the infrared heating element is required to be continuously subjected to power adjustment in real time according to the ideal temperature of each part of the laying layer, so that the laying difficulty is increased.
Based on the problems in the prior art, the application provides an infrared heating control system and method of a wire laying machine and the wire laying machine, so that an infrared heating element is controlled to heat according to a real-time control instruction in the wire laying process, and a good heating effect is achieved.
FIG. 1 shows the structure of a basic embodiment of the infrared heating control system of the wire laying machine of the present application, the infrared heating control system of the wire laying machine comprises: the device comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and an adjustment unit; the control unit is connected with the wire laying machine and is used for receiving current operation data of the wire laying machine; the output end of the control unit is connected with the adjusting unit, and the output end of the adjusting unit is connected with the input end of the control unit, so that the adjusting unit can feed back and output temperature data to the control unit; the acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the control unit and is used for acquiring current temperature data of the wire laying machine; the control unit is used for receiving and processing the current temperature data and the current operation data to obtain set temperature data, and generating a real-time control instruction according to the set temperature data and the output temperature data; the adjusting unit is connected with the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine and is used for adjusting the current parameters of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the real-time control instruction.
It should be noted that, the infrared heating control system of the basic embodiment of the application does not include an infrared heating element, the infrared heating element is generally arranged in the wire laying machine equipment, and the adjusting unit in the infrared heating control system is connected with the infrared heating element when the infrared heating control system of the embodiment of the application is applied. In particular, in other embodiments, for the sake of technical completeness, the infrared heating system of the present application may also include infrared heating elements (as shown in fig. 1 and 2), and the connection manner and function of the infrared heating elements in the present system are consistent with those described in the basic examples above. The main point of the present application is to control the output current, voltage, power, etc. parameters, and therefore, the infrared heating control system of the above embodiment is omitted, but it is not meant that the embodiment is understood in a manner limiting the scope of protection.
In this embodiment, the wire spreader is a machine device used in the manufacturing process of composite material revolution body type components in the aerospace industry field. The wire laying work of the composite material can be automatically carried out according to a preset planning model and a track. Under the current technical level, the wire laying machine has realized a mathematical model based on a general revolving body, an automatic wire laying track planning model is established, and the coverage between the central lines of adjacent wire laying tracks is calculated through geodesic wires, so that efficient wire laying operation is realized. Wire laying machines generally provide heating elements, i.e., infrared heating elements such as infrared radiation heaters, in which the composite material is heated to better bond the lay-up in the lay-up section. Thus, in embodiments of the present application, all references to a wire laying machine include an infrared heating element and are understood as being a carrier of the implementation of the infrared heating control system embodiments and the infrared heating control method embodiments in the present application.
The acquisition unit is used for acquiring current temperature data of the wire laying machine and can be a heat-sensitive sensor, and in addition, in order to keep continuous transmission of the current temperature data, the acquisition unit can also be a quasi-digital sensor for outputting periodic signals. The control unit is used for receiving and processing data and sending out real-time control instructions, has the functions of receiving and transmitting signals, processing and storing data and the like, and can be realized in a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller programmable logic controller) mode. The adjusting unit is used for receiving and executing real-time control instructions of the control unit and feeding back output temperature data to the control unit, and in the embodiment of the application, the adjusting unit can be composed of a relay, a power regulator and the like for controlling current and voltage of a circuit and power change, a transformer for current detection, a thermocouple for temperature detection and the like.
Specifically, when the system of the embodiment is applied to a wire laying machine, the current temperature data in the wire laying process of the wire laying machine can be acquired in real time through the acquisition unit and transmitted to the control unit; the control unit is connected with the wire laying machine, can read current operation data of the wire laying machine, and can calculate and obtain set temperature data required to be output in the wire laying process by combining the current temperature data and the current operation data and the quantization data of actual demands (the quantization data can be stored in the control unit in advance), wherein mathematical relations among the current temperature data, the current operation data, the quantization data and the set temperature data are stored in the control unit in an equation form for calculation; after receiving the output temperature data fed back by the adjusting unit, the control unit processes the set temperature data and the output temperature data to generate a real-time control instruction and transmits the real-time control instruction to the adjusting unit for execution, so that the heating amount is continuously determined and adjusted in the wire laying process to achieve real-time accurate temperature control.
In particular, the current temperature data and the current operation data are obtained in real time and continuously, so that the current temperature data and the current operation data are two groups of dynamic data, correspondingly, the set temperature data and the output temperature data are also dynamic data, the generated control instruction is a real-time control instruction, it can be understood that the generated real-time control instruction is an integration result of innumerable control signals in one unit time, and the smaller the unit time is, the better and more accurate the control effect of the real-time control instruction is.
As an embodiment, in order to implement that the control unit receives and processes the current temperature data, the current operation data and the output temperature data, referring to fig. 2, the control unit includes an analog output module A1, a first analog input module A2, a second analog input module A3 and a control processing module CMD, and the first analog input module A2, the second analog input module A3 and the analog output module A1 are respectively connected to the control processing module CMD.
In some embodiments, the control processing module CMD can read data such as the laying mode M, the heating track length L, etc. of the wire laying machine, and perform infrared heating control of the whole process through processing. In addition, the control processing module CMD is also connected with the heating control switch K, and the on and off of the infrared heating system are realized through the heating control switch K.
In this embodiment, the control processing module CMD is a key module for receiving and processing data, and may be implemented by using an FB functional block with a data storage function in a PLC integrated with the numerical control system; the first analog input module A2 and the second analog input module A3 are used for converting analog signals such as an electrical signal and a temperature signal into a unified digital signal, and the analog output module A1 is used for converting the processed digital signal into an electrical signal for outputting, that is, the analog output module A1, the first analog input module A2 and the second analog input module A3 are all implemented in the system of the embodiment as digital-to-analog conversion functions, and are usually part of an integrated PLC. The first analog input module A2 and the second analog input module A3 are used for performing digital-to-analog conversion on non-electric physical quantities such as temperature, power and the like received by the control unit to obtain unified standard electric quantity, and the analog output module A1 is used for converting the standard electric quantity into the non-electric physical quantity so as to control the processing module CMD to perform digital processing and send out control command signals. In addition, the control processing module CMD is also connected with the wire laying machine, in particular connected with a numerical control system of the wire laying machine and directly reads current operation data in a data system. This connection is conventional in the art and will not be described in detail here.
In some embodiments, the first analog input module A2 is a 4-20mA current type a/D converter with a resolution of 13 bits, and may also include a thermistor RTD/thermocouple TC for measuring temperature, the second analog input module A3 is a thermistor RTD/thermocouple TC with a resolution of 15 bits, and the analog output module A1 is a 4-20mA current type D/a converter with a resolution of 13 bits.
As an implementation manner, for obtaining different variable data affecting the set temperature data, referring to fig. 2, the collecting unit includes a first sensing module R1, a second sensing module R2, and a third sensing module R3, where the first sensing module R1, the second sensing module R2 are respectively connected with the first analog input module, the third sensing module R3 is connected with the second analog input module A3, the first sensing module R1 is used for collecting an ambient temperature of a laying area of the wire laying machine, the second sensing module R2 is used for collecting a heating temperature of the infrared heating element, and the third sensing module R3 is used for collecting an actual temperature of a laying layer of the composite material.
In this embodiment, the first sensing module R1, the second sensing module R2, and the third sensing module R3 are respectively configured to detect different current temperature data, including an ambient temperature, a heating temperature, and an actual temperature of the paving layer, and the collecting units may be temperature detection sensors. It should be noted that, the temperature data detected and transmitted by the first sensing module R1, the second sensing module R2, and the third sensing module R3 are all actual values in the current working state. The temperature data with different attributes are respectively acquired by the plurality of sensing modules and transmitted to the control unit, so that the control unit can obtain the current temperature data in real time and continuously and perform the next processing.
In some embodiments, the first sensing module R1 is an ambient temperature detection sensor, and is installed at a middle position of the wire spreader device, and is away from the infrared heating element and the cooling device by a distance of more than 1.5m, so that the ambient temperature of the wire spreader site can be detected without being influenced by radiation and convection of the heating and cooling device; the second sensing module R2 is arranged near the infrared heating element and is used for detecting the temperature of the infrared heating element; the third sensing module R3 is arranged at the fixed position of the wire laying head, the temperature of the surface of the layer is detected, the first sensing module R1 and the second sensing module R2 adopt two-wire system wiring, and the third sensing module R3 adopts three-wire system wiring. By the aid of the embodiment, accuracy and efficiency of data acquisition of the acquisition unit can be improved.
As an embodiment, the adjusting unit comprises an executing module E and a measuring module D, see fig. 2, wherein an input end of the executing module E is connected with an output end of the analog output module, and an output end of the executing module E is connected to the infrared heating element; the measuring module D is connected with the first analog input module, and the measuring module D is used for feeding back output temperature data to the first analog input module.
In this embodiment, the execution module E is a module for adjusting the current and voltage of a circuit according to the real-time control command electric signal sent by the control unit to directly drive the controlled object, so as to change the output quantity, and specifically may include, for example, a solid-state relay or a power regulator; the measurement module D is used for detecting the controlled quantity (which may be current, voltage or power) and converting the detected quantity into a required electrical signal. The measuring module D is connected with the control unit, so that a closed loop feedback loop is formed between the adjusting unit and the control unit. Taking the feedback signal as the circuit power as an example, the feedback signal is received at the control unitPreset output power P to numerical control system Is provided with After a control instruction is sent to the regulating unit, the executing module E of the regulating unit regulates the circuit power according to the instruction, and the measuring module D detects the actual power P in the circuit Real world And feed back to the control unit, which controls the control unit according to P Is provided with And P Real world Is processed again to obtain new real-time control instructions to approximate the power output to the infrared heating element to P Is provided with And tend to stabilize. In addition, the measuring module D is connected to the control unit and feeds back the current output data, which is implemented by the first analog input module A2 in the foregoing embodiment, and the electrical signal output by the measuring module D is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the first analog input module A2 so that the control unit can perform digital processing. And feeding back the current output data to the control unit through a measurement module D in the adjusting unit, so that the control unit and the adjusting unit form a closed loop, and the control unit processes and sends out continuous real-time control instructions according to the feedback data.
In some embodiments, the execution module E may be a solid state relay, the output end of which is connected with an infrared heating element (IR), and the measurement module D is a current transformer. Particularly, a current transformer is connected into the solid-state relay circuit, so that the current input into the infrared heating element can be directly obtained, and the current output data fed back to the control unit is more accurately transmitted.
FIG. 3 shows a wire laying machine including an infrared heating element and an infrared heating control system of the previous embodiment, the output of the infrared heating control system being connected to and used to control the infrared heating element.
It will be understood that fig. 3 is only a logical illustration of a wire laying machine using the aforementioned infrared heating control system, and the specific structure and positional relationship of the wire laying machine are not the invention points of the embodiment of the present application, and thus are not specifically shown.
In some embodiments, short wave infrared heating elements are selected for the infrared heating elements and the selected power is estimated based on the composite material having the high temperature requirement. Taking 8 tows with prepreg narrow-band width of 6.35mm as an example, the theoretical width of the tows is 50mm, the actual heating width is greater than 50mm, 10-15mm is respectively added on two sides of the tows when the actual heater is selected, namely, the heating length is 70-80mm, the heater can select a short wave infrared heating element with power of about 800W, the short wave heater is characterized by having fast reaction time, the reaction time from cold state power on to rated power heat radiation is about 1S, and the starting current is greater than 12 times of rated current. The short wave infrared heating element can quickly respond when the power is changed, so that the time for reaching a preset temperature is shortened, and the heating efficiency of the wire laying machine in the wire laying process is improved.
By applying the infrared heating control system in the foregoing embodiment to the wire spreader of the present embodiment, the technical effects in the foregoing embodiment are achieved on the existing wire spreader apparatus.
FIG. 4 illustrates an infrared heating control method for the wire spreader infrared heating control system of the previous embodiment, comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data through the acquisition unit and the wire laying machine.
S2, acquiring set temperature data of infrared heating according to the current temperature data and the current operation data.
S3, generating a real-time control instruction according to the output temperature data and the set temperature data.
And S4, outputting the real-time control instruction to the adjusting unit so that the adjusting unit can adjust the current parameters of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the real-time control instruction.
In this embodiment, the steps of the infrared heating control method and the steps of receiving, processing data and obtaining real-time control instructions by the control processing module CMD in the infrared heating control system of the foregoing basic embodiment are in one-to-one correspondence, and the specific implementation and the technical effects that can be achieved of the specific implementation and the technical effects can be found in the foregoing basic embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
As one embodiment, the step S1 of obtaining current temperature data and current operation data of the wire spreader includes:
s11, judging whether the laying speed of the wire laying machine is zero.
S12, if the judgment result is negative, acquiring the current operation data and the current temperature data; the current operation data comprise the laying speed of the wire laying machine, and the current temperature data comprise the heating temperature, the environment temperature and the actual laying temperature.
And S13, if the judgment result is yes, stopping the operation of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine.
In this embodiment, whether the laying speed of the wire laying machine is zero is determined as a condition for acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data of the wire laying machine, when the laying speed of the wire laying machine is zero, the wire laying machine may be in a state with low infrared heating requirements such as shutdown or standby, and if continuous infrared heating is maintained, the laying effect of a part of the laying area may be affected; when the laying speed of the wire laying machine is not zero, which means that the wire laying machine is working, the current operation data and the current temperature data need to be acquired for subsequent processing. By setting the judgment premise of acquiring data, the energy can be saved, the machine abrasion can be reduced, and the automaticity and the working efficiency of infrared heating control can be improved.
As one embodiment, the step S2 of obtaining the set temperature data of the infrared heating according to the current temperature data and the current operation data includes:
s21, obtaining the set power of an infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the following relation;
P setting up =K·v·(T Setting up -T Actual practice is that of ),
Wherein P is Setting up Representing the set power of an infrared heating element of the wire laying machine, K representing a proportionality coefficient, v representing a laying speed and T Setting up Indicating the set temperature of the layer, T Actual practice is that of Indicating the actual temperature of the layup.
The above formula is further described below in connection with a specific application scenario.
In some embodiments, the composite material laid by the wire laying machine is a prepreg narrow band, fig. 5 shows the relationship between an infrared heating element and the laying layer, the infrared heating element is an infrared lamp, the infrared lamp is composed of a tungsten filament, a quartz tube and a gold-plated reflecting film with a heat insulation layer, the filament is wound into a spiral cylinder shape, an electric joint is fixed by using a ceramic material, and the rated working state heat radiation wavelength of the infrared lamp is short wave, thus the surface of the filament is regarded as a diffusion surface, the gold-plated reflecting film is coated on the upper half part of the quartz tube, the whole reflecting film layer can be regarded as mirror reflection, the heat radiation performance of the surface of the filament is similar to the blackbody surface defined in Stefan (Stefan) -Boltzman law, and the relationship between the heat source and the prepreg laying environment is as follows when the infrared lamp is laid in a heat balance state:
Wherein, P is infrared lamp electric power, S lamp is filament effective radiation area, E lamp is filament radiation intensity, epsilon is filament emissivity, sigma is Boltzmann constant, T lamp is filament temperature, zeta is filament spiral arrangement density coefficient, R lamp is filament radius, L lamp is filament length.
The heat transfer mode of the infrared heating element for heating the prepreg surface is mainly heat radiation, and although heat conduction and heat convection exist simultaneously, the heat energy transferred by the infrared heating element and the prepreg surface is completely negligible for engineering application of the prepreg surface heating, because the infrared lamp is mounted on the fixed support, the position of the heating lamp relative to the heated prepreg surface is kept unchanged when the infrared lamp is laid, and the heat radiation only occurs in a limited area. Therefore, the prepreg absorbs heat radiation energy Q in two parts, one part is energy Q of direct radiation of filaments to the surface of the prepreg Straight line Another part is energy Q indirectly reflected to the surface of the prepreg through the reflective film coating Interval (C) The prepreg surface is regarded as an ash body, the absorptivity alpha of the ash body is constant, and the effective radiation energy absorbed by the prepreg surface in unit time is as follows:
Q=α(Q straight line +Q Interval (C) )=α(E Lamp with light-emitting device S Lamp with light-emitting device X 1.3 +ρE Lamp with light-emitting device S Lamp with light-emitting device X 1.2 X 2.3 )=α(X 1.3 +ρX 1.2 X 2.3 )P
Wherein ρ is the reflectivity of the reflective film coating, X 1.3 Is the angular coefficient of the surface of the filament and the surface of the prepreg, namely the energy ratio of the surface of the filament directly radiated onto the surface of the prepreg, X 1.2 For the angular coefficient of the radiation from the filament surface to the surface of the reflective film, i.e. the energy duty ratio of the radiation from the filament surface to the surface of the reflective film coating, X 2.3 The angular coefficient of the reflection film coating reflected to the surface of the prepreg, namely the energy ratio of the reflection film coating reflected to the surface of the prepreg.
When the prepreg is automatically laid, the infrared lamp moves at a fixed position on the surface of the prepreg at a given laying speed, the radiation energy of the infrared lamp is received by the surface of the prepreg, and the relationship between the temperature change of the surface of the prepreg and the heat radiation energy of the received infrared lamp is as follows:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the prepreg, M is the mass of the prepreg on the effective radiation surface, deltaT is the temperature rise value of the prepreg surface, L is the length of the effective radiation surface along the direction of the laying track, and V is the laying speed of the center point of the cutter of the wire laying machine along the direction of the laying track. At the optimal temperature meeting the technological requirement of the prepreg laying surface, the relationship between the electric power of the infrared lamp and the laying speed is as follows:
as the filament surface is regarded as a diffusion surface, the normal working state can be regarded as equal-intensity radiation, the angle coefficient is only related to the sizes and shapes of the filament surface and the prepreg surface and the installation position of the infrared lamp bracket, the installation position of the infrared lamp bracket is compatible with the overall layout of the wire laying head, and the optimal installation position selection can be carried out through simulation and test so as to obtain the radiation intensity as high as possible and better temperature uniformity. Because the relative position of the heating infrared lamp on the wire laying head and the laying surface of the prepreg is constant, the effective heating area S of the prepreg laying is unchanged, and the angle coefficient X is the same 1.3 ,X 1.2 ,X 2.3 Is constant, so the control mathematical relationship of the heating infrared lamp is:
P=KV△T
wherein,in the K value expression, all values are constant, and K is constant.
According to the formula: as is known from p=kv Δt, the power setting of the infrared lamp is in a proportional relationship with the laying speed and the temperature difference required for heating the prepreg, K is a constant, which is related to the specific heat capacity, mass, absorptivity, effective radiation surface area of the heating lamp, mounting position of the lamp holder, etc. of the prepreg. When the environment temperature changes, the surface temperature of the prepreg changes, or when the prepregs with different brands are replaced, the viscosity of the surface of the prepreg changes, and the K value needs to be corrected.
In this embodiment, the heating temperature, the ambient temperature and the actual temperature of the laying layer of the infrared heating unit are collected by the collecting unit of the infrared heating control system, and the data are transmitted to the control processing module CMD through the first analog input module A2 and the second analog input module A3, and meanwhile, the control processing module can also directly read the laying speed of the wire laying machine, so that the control processing module CMD can process after receiving the data. The purpose of detecting the temperature of the infrared lamp is to ensure that the infrared lamp works in a short wave intermediate band under rated conditions, otherwise, the problems of short service life of the filament and slow cold start response are caused. The detection of the ambient temperature is to judge whether the temperature difference between the temperature and the surface temperature of the layer exceeds 2 ℃, and the K value needs to be corrected if the temperature difference exceeds the temperature difference. The detection of the surface temperature of the laying layer is the control of electric power output when the prepreg reaches the temperature required by the laying process.
Specifically, taking an actual operation process as an example, the control processing module CMD reads the ambient temperature at intervals of 0.5S or continuously, when the wire laying machine lays, the numerical control system directly reads the synthesis speed of the center of the cutter, that is, the real-time laying speed of the wire laying machine, then reads the required power instruction set value from the set parameter set DB block (the DB module is a data block in the PLC and is used for data transmission inside the PLC), converts the value into the range input corresponding to the analog output module A1, and the analog output module A1 outputs the driving current of 4-20mA in terms of the range, and drives the adjusting unit to adjust (such as the change of the conduction angle of the power regulator PR), thereby controlling the current introduced into the infrared heating element and changing the magnitude of the infrared radiation power. The adjusting unit is connected with a measuring module D (such as a current transformer), so that the current fed by the infrared heating element can be directly obtained and directly fed back to the control processing module CMD.
In some embodiments, the range of the environmental temperature data is 0-35 ℃, the range of the environmental temperature step change is 1 ℃, the range of the laying speed is 0.01-1.2 times of the maximum laying speed of the wire laying machine, and the number of segments is set according to the requirement of the composite material laying process parameters; in addition, the power of the infrared heating element can be equally divided from 0 to rated power by 256, and the output current of the infrared heating element is 4-20mA corresponding to the analog quantity of the analog quantity output module A1.
In some embodiments, in particular, the relationship between the deposition rate and the deposition temperature (which can be converted to the set power by the aforementioned formula) can also be found by a data fitting algorithm, so that the control processing module CMD generates real-time control instructions.
As one embodiment, the set temperature data includes a set power. Specifically, the set temperature data is selected as comparison data of the output temperature data, that is, the data attribute of the set temperature data is consistent with the data attribute of the output temperature data, and the data attributes of the set temperature data and the output temperature data may include power, current, voltage, and the like. In the present embodiment, the set power is used as the set temperature data, and the above formula can be usedThe obtained output temperature data (output power comparison) is conveniently compared with feedback in a subsequent step without conversion for further adjustment.
According to the analysis, the setting power required by adjustment can be calculated according to the laying speed of the wire laying machine and the actual temperature of the laying layer, which are acquired by the acquisition unit in real time, and the power output to the infrared heating element is controlled by the real-time control instruction of the control processing module CMD, so that the better laying state is obtained by controlling the laying temperature in real time, and the laying effect of the wire laying machine is improved.
As one embodiment, the step S3 of obtaining the real-time control command of infrared heating according to the output temperature data and the set temperature data includes:
s31, calculating deviation of the output temperature data and the set temperature data;
s32, taking the deviation as input of a PID control algorithm, and obtaining a control quantity corresponding to the deviation according to the following relation:
wherein u (t) is a control amount, e (t) is a deviation, K p To control the proportional gain of the law, T i To control the integration time constant of the law, T d A differential time constant that is a control law;
and S33, generating the real-time control instruction according to the control quantity corresponding to the deviation.
As can be seen from the foregoing embodiments, a closed loop is formed between the control unit and the adjustment unit in the infrared heating control system, and the adjustment unit may feed back the current, voltage or power, etc. output to the infrared heating element to the control unit, so that the control unit generates real-time control instructions according to the PID control algorithm. The real-time control instructions may include, among other things, current, voltage, or power values output to the infrared heating unit.
The output control amount based on the PID control algorithm is a conventional technical means in the automation field, and the principle and application of the control algorithm are not described in detail here.
As an embodiment, after the step 4 of outputting the real-time control instruction to the adjusting unit to enable the adjusting unit to adjust the current parameters of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the real-time control instruction, the method further includes:
s5, returning to execute the step of acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data.
In this embodiment, after the infrared heating element receives the adjustment parameters of the real-time control command, the temperature of the infrared heating element may not be constant and may fluctuate, and there is a need for adjusting the temperature, so that the step of acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data is returned to form a cycle in time and send out the dynamic continuous real-time control command, thereby obtaining a better heating effect.
The foregoing description is only of the optional embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent application, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and drawings of the present application or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the patent protection of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. An infrared heating control system of a wire laying machine, wherein the wire laying machine is used for laying a composite material and comprises an infrared heating element, and the infrared heating control system is characterized by comprising an acquisition unit, a control unit and an adjusting unit;
The control unit is connected with the wire laying machine and is used for receiving current operation data of the wire laying machine;
the output end of the control unit is connected with the adjusting unit, and the output end of the adjusting unit is connected with the input end of the control unit, so that the adjusting unit can feed back and output temperature data to the control unit;
the acquisition unit is connected with the input end of the control unit and is used for acquiring current temperature data of the wire laying machine;
the control unit is used for receiving and processing the current temperature data and the current operation data to obtain set temperature data, and generating a real-time control instruction according to the set temperature data and the output temperature data;
the adjusting unit is connected with the infrared heating element and is used for adjusting the current parameters of the infrared heating element according to the real-time control instruction.
2. The infrared heating control system of the wire laying machine according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a first analog input module, a second analog input module, an analog output module and a control processing module, and the first analog input module, the second analog input module and the analog output module are respectively connected with the control processing module.
3. The infrared heating control system of the wire laying machine according to claim 2, wherein the acquisition unit comprises a first sensing module, a second sensing module and a third sensing module,
the first sensing module and the second sensing module are respectively connected with the first analog input module, the third sensing module is connected with the second analog input module,
the first sensing module is used for collecting the ambient temperature of a laying area of the wire laying machine, the second sensing module is used for collecting the heating temperature of the infrared heating element, and the third sensing module is used for collecting the actual laying temperature of the composite material.
4. The wire spreader infrared heating control system of claim 2, wherein the adjustment unit comprises an execution module and a measurement module,
the input end of the execution module is connected with the output end of the analog quantity output module, and the output end of the execution module is connected to the infrared heating element;
the measuring module is connected with the first analog input module and is used for feeding back output temperature data to the first analog input module.
5. A wire spreader for spreading a composite material, the wire spreader comprising an infrared heating element, characterized in that the wire spreader comprises the wire spreader infrared heating control system of any one of claims 1-4.
6. An infrared heating control method for the wire spreader infrared heating control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data through the acquisition unit and the wire laying machine;
acquiring set temperature data of infrared heating according to the current temperature data and the current operation data;
generating a real-time control instruction according to the output temperature data and the set temperature data;
and outputting the real-time control instruction to the adjusting unit so that the adjusting unit adjusts the current parameters of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the real-time control instruction.
7. The infrared heating control method of claim 6, wherein the obtaining current temperature data and current operational data of the wire laying machine comprises:
judging whether the laying speed of the wire laying machine is zero;
if the judgment result is negative, acquiring the current operation data and the current temperature data; the current operation data comprise the laying speed of the wire laying machine, and the current temperature data comprise the heating temperature, the environment temperature and the actual laying temperature;
And if the judgment result is yes, stopping the operation of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine.
8. The infrared heating control method according to claim 6, wherein the set temperature data includes set power, and the acquiring the set temperature data of infrared heating from the current temperature data and the current operation data includes:
obtaining the set power of an infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the following relation;
P setting up =K·v·(T Setting up -T Actual practice is that of ),
Wherein P is Setting up Representing the set power of an infrared heating element of the wire laying machine, K representing a proportionality coefficient, v representing a laying speed and T Setting up Indicating the set temperature of the layer, T Actual practice is that of Indicating the actual temperature of the layup.
9. The infrared heating control method according to claim 6, wherein the acquiring the real-time control instruction of infrared heating according to the output temperature data and the set temperature data comprises:
calculating the deviation of the output temperature data and the set temperature data;
taking the deviation as input of a PID control algorithm, and obtaining a control quantity corresponding to the deviation according to the following relation:
wherein u (t) is a control amount, e (t) is a deviation, K p To control the proportional gain of the law, T i To control the integration time constant of the law, T d A differential time constant that is a control law;
and generating the real-time control instruction according to the control quantity corresponding to the deviation.
10. The infrared heating control method according to claim 6, wherein after outputting the real-time control instruction to the adjusting unit to cause the adjusting unit to adjust the current parameters of the infrared heating element of the wire laying machine according to the real-time control instruction, further comprising:
and returning to execute the step of acquiring the current temperature data and the current operation data.
CN202311499630.3A 2023-11-10 2023-11-10 Infrared heating control system and method of wire laying machine and wire laying machine Pending CN117465028A (en)

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