CN117464008B - Processing system of residual stress toughened metal ceramic cutter - Google Patents
Processing system of residual stress toughened metal ceramic cutter Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000009768 microwave sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001272 pressureless sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N20/00—Machine learning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1054—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by microwave
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The application provides a processing system of a residual stress toughened metal ceramic cutter, wherein the main material of the cutter is TiCN; the processing system comprises a first preparation module, a performance test module, a second preparation module and a parameter adjustment module; the first preparation module is used for carrying out preliminary treatment on the material to obtain a cutter matrix with good comprehensive performance, the performance test module is used for testing the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix, and the second preparation module is used for carrying out further residual stress and subsequent processing treatment on the cutter matrix so as to finish the final cutter manufacture; according to the method, the high-quality manufacturing and performance improvement of the metal ceramic cutter are ensured through setting and adjusting related parameters in the metal ceramic cutter processing process.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of machining, in particular to a processing system of a residual stress toughening metal ceramic cutter.
Background
In modern manufacturing industry, cermet tools have been widely used for various machining operations such as cutting, milling and drilling due to their excellent hardness, wear resistance and chemical stability. However, due to the inherent brittleness of cermet materials, their fracture toughness is relatively low, and cracking and breakage are prone to occur during stress, limiting their use under more severe conditions; researchers and engineers continue to explore various possible solutions for improving the fracture toughness and service life of cermet tools; one effective method is to increase the fracture toughness of the material by introducing residual stress. Residual stress may be achieved by appropriate control during material processing, for example by sand blasting or heat treatment; the existence of the residual stress can effectively resist the expansion of cracks, so that the durability and the reliability of the cutter in practical application are obviously improved.
In addition, in order to ensure that the metal ceramic cutter has good comprehensive properties, such as hardness, density, bending strength and the like, it is important to finely control and optimize the preparation process of the cutter matrix; the method comprises the key steps of pretreatment, mixing, pressing, sintering and the like of materials; in particular, the microwave sintering technique has become an effective technique for preparing high quality cermet tools because of its ability to provide rapid, uniform heating and efficient energy conversion.
Referring to the related published technical scheme, the technology with the publication number of CN101333616B provides a whisker toughened metal ceramic cutter and a preparation method thereof, wherein TiC, tiN, ni, WC, mo, cr C2 and graphite powder are used as matrix materials for mixed ball milling, nickel plating SiC whiskers are added for ball milling, mixing, compression molding, degreasing and sintering to prepare the whisker toughened metal ceramic cutter, and finally a hard phase in a phase is TiCN, a binding phase is Ni and a toughening phase is SiC; the cutter prepared by the scheme has good high-temperature red hardness, wear resistance, chemical stability and impact toughness, and high cutting temperature, and is suitable for high-speed and high-efficiency cutting processing; however, the scheme does not accurately control related factors influencing the cutter performance in the machining process, and the machining process cannot be adjusted according to actual requirements and use conditions, so that the instability of the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix and lower use reliability are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a processing system of a residual stress toughened metal ceramic cutter, aiming at the defects existing at present.
The application adopts the following technical scheme:
a processing system of a residual stress toughened metal ceramic cutter is characterized in that the main material of the cutter is TiCN; the processing system comprises a first preparation module, a performance test module, a second preparation module and a parameter adjustment module;
the first preparation module is used for carrying out preliminary treatment on the materials to obtain a cutter matrix with good comprehensive performance, the performance test module is used for testing the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix, and the second preparation module is used for carrying out further processing treatment on the cutter matrix so as to finish final cutter manufacture; the parameter adjustment module is used for adjusting the parameters of the processing process;
the first preparation module comprises a pretreatment unit, a mixed pressing unit and a microwave sintering unit; the pretreatment unit is used for preparing and pretreating TiCN and corresponding formula materials thereof, so that the purity and quality of the materials are ensured; the microwave sintering unit is used for sintering the cutter matrix through microwaves so as to realize densification of the materials in the cutter matrix and ensure that the cutter matrix has good comprehensive performance;
the second preparation module comprises a sand blasting unit and a forming processing unit; the sand blasting unit is used for performing sand blasting on the cutter matrix to adjust the residual stress of the cutter matrix; the forming processing unit is used for forming the final shape and size of the cutter through a machining technology to finish cutter manufacture;
further, the sand blasting unit comprises a stress detection unit and a sand blasting execution unit, wherein the stress detection unit is used for detecting the residual stress of the cutter matrix, the sand blasting execution unit is used for executing sand blasting treatment on the cutter matrix, and the technological parameters of the sand blasting execution unit for the sand blasting treatment of the cutter matrix are adjusted according to the detected residual stress of the cutter matrix;
further, the sand blasting execution unit adjusts the technological parameters of sand blasting treatment according to a pre-trained parameter prediction model;
further, the performance testing module tests the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix, including the measurement of the density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the sintered cutter matrix;
furthermore, in the process of microwave sintering of the cutter matrix by the microwave sintering unit, the sintering temperature and the heat preservation time in the microwave sintering process are controlled and set so as to ensure that the cutter matrix has good comprehensive performance; the control setting of the sintering temperature is determined according to the material property of the cutter matrix and the actual processing requirement; the control setting of the heat preservation time of the sintering process satisfies the following formula:
；
wherein,for the comprehensive evaluation function>For the heat preservation time, is->Fitting function of tool matrix density with respect to holding time, < >>Fitting function of hardness of the tool matrix with respect to the holding time, < >>Fitting function of fracture toughness of tool matrix with respect to holding time, < >>Fitting a function of bending strength of the cutter matrix with respect to heat preservation time; />、/>、/>And->For standardizing coefficients, for unifying->、/>、/>And->Is set by experiments; />、/>、/>And->The weight coefficient is used for representing the importance degree of density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength, and can be set by a manager according to actual requirements; />、/>、/>And->Derivatives of the four fitting functions, respectively +.>The trend adjustment coefficient is used for adjusting the influence degree of the change trend of density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength along with the change of heat preservation time on the comprehensive evaluation function, and is set through experiments;
after the comprehensive evaluation function is obtained, selecting the corresponding heat preservation time when the comprehensive evaluation function reaches the maximum value as the optimal heat preservation time;
further, in the comprehensive evaluation function, a fitting function、/>、/>And->And measuring the density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the cutter matrix under different heat preservation time by a performance test module, and performing data fitting to obtain the cutter matrix.
The beneficial effects that this application obtained are:
the sintering temperature and the heat preservation time in the microwave sintering process are controlled and set through the microwave sintering unit, so that densification and performance optimization of the preparation of the cutter matrix are ensured;
the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix after sintering, including density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength, can be comprehensively evaluated through the performance test module, and real-time and accurate data support is provided for subsequent processing and parameter adjustment;
the comprehensive evaluation function is set to control and adjust the heat preservation time, the influence of the heat preservation time on density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength is comprehensively considered, the multi-dimensional and comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the cutter matrix is realized, and therefore the optimal heat preservation time is determined, so that the cutter obtains the optimal comprehensive performance;
the sand blasting unit is combined with the parameter prediction model, so that the sand blasting unit can automatically adjust the process parameters according to the detection result of the residual stress, and more intelligent and efficient process control is realized, thereby adjusting the residual stress distribution in the cutter matrix, enhancing the fatigue crack extension resistance of the cutter matrix, and prolonging the service life of the cutter;
the parameter adjusting module can adjust and change the processing parameters, such as adjusting the weight coefficient in the comprehensive evaluation function, so that the processed product can meet the actual requirements.
Drawings
The present application will be further understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall module of the machining system of the cermet tool of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a parameter prediction model establishment flow in the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method of machining a cermet tool of the present application.
FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of density-soak time, hardness-soak time, fracture toughness-soak time, and flexural strength-soak time corresponding functions in the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below in connection with embodiments thereof; it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the application, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the application; other systems, methods, and/or features of the present embodiments will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following detailed description; it is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description; included within the scope of this application and protected by the accompanying claims; additional features of the disclosed embodiments are described in, and will be apparent from, the following detailed description.
Embodiment one: the embodiment provides a processing system of a residual stress toughened metal ceramic cutter, wherein the main material of the cutter is TiCN; as shown in fig. 1, the processing system includes a first preparation module, a performance testing module, a second preparation module, and a parameter adjustment module.
The first preparation module is used for carrying out preliminary treatment on materials to obtain a cutter matrix with good comprehensive performance, the performance test module is used for testing the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix, and the second preparation module is used for carrying out further processing treatment on the cutter matrix so as to adjust residual stress and finish final cutter manufacture; the parameter adjustment module is used for adjusting the parameters of the processing process.
The first preparation module comprises a pretreatment unit, a mixed pressing unit and a microwave sintering unit; the pretreatment unit is used for preparing and pretreating TiCN and corresponding formula materials thereof, so that the purity and quality of the materials are ensured; the microwave sintering unit is used for sintering the cutter matrix through microwaves so as to realize densification of materials in the cutter matrix and ensure that the cutter matrix has good comprehensive performance.
The second preparation module comprises a sand blasting unit and a forming processing unit; the sand blasting unit is used for performing sand blasting on the cutter matrix to adjust the residual stress of the cutter matrix; the forming processing unit is used for forming the final shape and size of the cutter through a machining technology to finish the cutter.
The sand blasting unit comprises a stress detection unit and a sand blasting execution unit, wherein the stress detection unit is used for detecting the residual stress of the cutter matrix, the sand blasting execution unit is used for executing sand blasting treatment on the cutter matrix, and the technological parameters of the sand blasting execution unit on the cutter matrix are adjusted according to the detected residual stress of the cutter matrix.
The sand blasting execution unit adjusts the technological parameters of sand blasting treatment according to a pre-trained parameter prediction model;
further, as shown in fig. 2, the parameter prediction model is established and used as follows:
s21: and (3) data acquisition: collecting a data set, wherein the content of the data set comprises the test result of the residual stress and the historical data of the corresponding sand blasting process parameters;
s22: and (3) establishing a model structure: setting the parameter prediction model as a three-layer structure, wherein the three-layer structure comprises an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer, the input layer corresponds to a test result of residual stress, the hidden layer captures the connection between input and output of the model through a nonlinear activation function, and the output layer corresponds to technological parameters of sand blasting treatment; the nonlinear activation function is set as a sigmoid function;
s23: training a model: training a model using 70% of the data in the dataset; thereby optimizing the weight and bias in the adjustment model;
s24: model verification: verifying predictive capabilities of the model using the remaining 30% of the data of the dataset to adjust model structure or super parameters to improve performance;
s25: model evaluation: different indexes, such as mean square error MSE, are used for evaluating the performance of the model on a test set, so that the model is ensured not to be fitted, and the model has good generalization capability;
s26: the model was used: and predicting the sand blasting process parameters corresponding to the new residual stress test result by using the parameter prediction model trained in the steps.
Further, the performance testing module tests the overall performance of the tool substrate including measurements of density, hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength of the sintered tool substrate.
Specifically, the specific mode of the performance test module for testing the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix comprises the following steps:
measuring and calculating the density of the cutter matrix by a liquid displacement method;
measuring the hardness of the cutter matrix by a Vickers hardness tester;
measuring the fracture toughness of the cutter matrix by an indentation method;
the bending strength of the tool matrix was measured by a three-point bending test method.
Furthermore, in the process of microwave sintering of the cutter matrix by the microwave sintering unit, the sintering temperature and the heat preservation time in the microwave sintering process are controlled and set so as to ensure that the cutter matrix has good comprehensive performance; the control setting of the sintering temperature is determined according to the material property of the cutter matrix and the actual processing requirement; the control setting of the heat preservation time of the sintering process satisfies the following formula:
；
wherein,for the comprehensive evaluation function>For the heat preservation time, is->Fitting function of tool matrix density with respect to holding time, < >>Fitting function of hardness of the tool matrix with respect to the holding time, < >>Fitting function of fracture toughness of tool matrix with respect to holding time, < >>For the bending strength of the tool baseFitting a function to the incubation time; />、/>、/>And->For standardizing coefficients, for unifying->、/>、/>And->Is set by experiments; />、/>、/>And->The weight coefficient is used for representing the importance degree of density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength, and can be set by a manager according to actual requirements; />、/>、/>And->Derivatives of the four fitting functions, respectively +.>And the trend adjustment coefficient is used for adjusting the influence degree of the change trend of density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength along with the change of the heat preservation time on the comprehensive evaluation function, and is set through experiments.
After the comprehensive evaluation function is obtained, selecting the corresponding heat preservation time when the comprehensive evaluation function reaches the maximum value as the optimal heat preservation time.
Further, in the comprehensive evaluation function, a fitting function、/>、/>And->And measuring the density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the cutter matrix under different heat preservation time by a performance test module, and performing data fitting to obtain the cutter matrix.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a processing method of a residual stress toughened cermet tool, which specifically includes the following steps:
s11: pretreatment of materials: selecting proper TiCN and corresponding formula materials thereof, and preprocessing the materials to ensure the purity and quality of the materials;
s12: mixing and pressing: mixing the pretreated materials according to a proportion and pressing;
s13: and (3) microwave sintering: the pressed cutter matrix is densified through microwave sintering, so that the performance of the cutter matrix is improved;
s14: stress detection: detecting residual stress on the cutter matrix after microwave sintering;
s15: sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting on the cutter matrix after microwave sintering, wherein the technological parameters of the sand blasting are adjusted according to the detected residual stress of the cutter matrix, so that the residual stress on the cutter matrix is adjusted to enhance the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix;
s16: and (3) forming: and preparing corresponding machining equipment to machine the cutter base body according to the design drawing of the cutter, and finishing the final cutter manufacture.
The traditional method for preparing the metal ceramic cutter material generally uses pressureless sintering, hot-pressing sintering and hot isostatic pressing sintering, and the traditional sintering modes mainly realize energy transfer through heat conduction and heat convection, generally require longer heat preservation time, are not beneficial to grain refinement, and limit the improvement of mechanical properties of the material; the microwave sintering is that the medium material itself consumes electromagnetic field energy to generate heat, the material has no thermal gradient inside, and the microwave sintering has the characteristics of volume heating and selective heating; the dielectric material in the microwave field can realize densification only by using a short heat preservation time, so the microwave sintering technology has the advantages of short sintering period, uniform heating, energy conservation, high efficiency and the like; by analyzing and setting the sintering temperature and the heat preservation time in the microwave sintering process, the metal ceramic cutter can be further ensured to have better practical performance.
Embodiment two: this embodiment should be understood to include at least all of the features of any one of the foregoing embodiments, and be further modified based thereon.
In the process of carrying out microwave sintering on the cutter matrix, the mechanical property and microstructure of the cutter matrix are affected by the heat preservation time in the sintering process, and the influence degree of different heat preservation time on the density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the cutter matrix is also different, so that the influence of the heat preservation time on the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix in the microwave sintering process is accurately mastered, the optimal heat preservation time is found, and the influence of the heat preservation time on the density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the cutter matrix is obtained by setting a fitting function in a comprehensive evaluation function; such asFIG. 4 shows, for a fitting function、/>、/>Andthe specific acquisition mode of the method comprises the following steps:
s31: determining a microwave sintering heat preservation time range through documents or other database data;
s32: preparing TiCN and corresponding formula materials thereof, and completing all processing preparation treatments of the materials before sintering to obtain a cutter matrix;
s33: carrying out microwave sintering experiments on the cutter matrix for multiple times within the determined sintering heat preservation time range, wherein different heat preservation time is selected for each experiment, and the influence factors of other sintering processes are ensured to be unchanged; if the heat preservation time range is set to be 5-25 min, the heat preservation time is selected to be 5min for the first experiment, and then the heat preservation time of each experiment is 1min more than that of the previous experiment until the heat preservation time reaches 25min;
s34: carrying out comprehensive performance test on the cutter matrix after each experiment to obtain comprehensive performance parameters of the cutter matrix after each experiment, including density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength, and carrying out storage record;
s35: fitting the function according to the corresponding data of the heat preservation time obtained in the last step on the density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the cutter matrix by using a method of automatically fitting the function by a computer:
；
；
；
；
wherein,the method is a preset order and is used for preventing overfitting and reducing the complexity of the model; for each->，4，/>The numerical value is generated by computer automatic fitting.
Through the steps, a fitting function capable of accurately describing the relation between the heat preservation time and the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix in the sintering process is obtained, so that theoretical support is provided for optimizing the heat preservation time in the microwave sintering process; through fitting analysis of experimental data, the method can provide a more accurate heat preservation time control scheme for the microwave sintering process of the cutter matrix, thereby ensuring that the cutter matrix has good comprehensive performance and providing guarantee for the final application performance of the cutter.
The foregoing disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so that all changes made in the technology described in the specification and drawings are encompassed within the scope of the present application, and in addition, the elements therein can be updated as the technology progresses.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a processing system of residual stress toughened cermet cutter, the main part material of cutter is TiCN, its characterized in that: the processing system comprises a first preparation module, a performance test module, a second preparation module and a parameter adjustment module;
the first preparation module is used for carrying out preliminary treatment on the materials to obtain a cutter matrix with good comprehensive performance, the performance test module is used for testing the comprehensive performance of the cutter matrix, and the second preparation module is used for carrying out further processing treatment on the cutter matrix so as to finish final cutter manufacture; the parameter adjustment module is used for adjusting the parameters of the processing process;
the first preparation module comprises a pretreatment unit, a mixed pressing unit and a microwave sintering unit; the pretreatment unit is used for preparing and pretreating TiCN and corresponding formula materials thereof, so that the purity and quality of the materials are ensured; the microwave sintering unit is used for sintering the cutter matrix through microwaves so as to realize densification of the materials in the cutter matrix and ensure that the cutter matrix has good comprehensive performance;
the second preparation module comprises a sand blasting unit and a forming processing unit; the sand blasting unit is used for performing sand blasting on the cutter matrix to adjust the residual stress of the cutter matrix; the forming processing unit is used for forming the final shape and size of the cutter through a machining technology to finish cutter manufacture;
further, the sand blasting unit comprises a stress detection unit and a sand blasting execution unit, wherein the stress detection unit is used for detecting the residual stress of the cutter matrix, the sand blasting execution unit is used for executing sand blasting treatment on the cutter matrix, and the technological parameters of the sand blasting execution unit for the sand blasting treatment of the cutter matrix are adjusted according to the detected residual stress of the cutter matrix;
further, the sand blasting execution unit adjusts the technological parameters of sand blasting treatment according to a pre-trained parameter prediction model, and the parameter prediction model is established and used as follows:
s21: and (3) data acquisition: collecting a data set, wherein the content of the data set comprises the test result of the residual stress and the historical data of the corresponding sand blasting process parameters;
s22: and (3) establishing a model structure: setting the parameter prediction model as a three-layer structure, wherein the three-layer structure comprises an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer, the input layer corresponds to a test result of residual stress, the hidden layer captures the connection between input and output of the model through a nonlinear activation function, and the output layer corresponds to technological parameters of sand blasting treatment; the nonlinear activation function is set as a sigmoid function;
s23: training a model: training a model using 70% of the data in the dataset; thereby optimizing the weight and bias in the adjustment model;
s24: model verification: verifying predictive capabilities of the model using the remaining 30% of the data of the dataset to adjust model structure or super parameters to improve performance;
s25: model evaluation: the performance of the model on the test set is evaluated by using a mean square error MSE or other indexes, so that the model is ensured not to be fitted, and the model has good generalization capability;
s26: the model was used: and predicting the sand blasting process parameters corresponding to the new residual stress test result by using the parameter prediction model trained in the steps.
2. The system for processing a residual stress toughened cermet tool according to claim 1 wherein: in the process of microwave sintering of the cutter matrix by the microwave sintering unit, the sintering temperature and the heat preservation time in the microwave sintering process are controlled and set so as to ensure that the cutter matrix has good comprehensive performance; the control setting of the sintering temperature is determined according to the material property of the cutter matrix and the actual processing requirement; the control setting for the soak time of the sintering process satisfies the following equation:
；
wherein,for the comprehensive evaluation function>For the heat preservation time, is->Fitting function of tool matrix density with respect to holding time, < >>Fitting function of hardness of the tool matrix with respect to the holding time, < >>Fitting function of fracture toughness of tool matrix with respect to holding time, < >>Fitting a function of bending strength of the cutter matrix with respect to heat preservation time; />、/>、/>And->For standardizing coefficients, for unifying->、/>、/>And->Is set by experiments; />、/>、/>And->The weight coefficient is used for representing the importance degree of density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength, and is set by a manager according to actual requirements;、/>、/>and->Derivatives of the four fitting functions, respectively +.>The trend adjustment coefficient is used for adjusting the influence degree of the change trend of density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength along with the change of heat preservation time on the comprehensive evaluation function, and is set through experiments;
after the comprehensive evaluation function is obtained, selecting the corresponding heat preservation time when the comprehensive evaluation function reaches the maximum value as the optimal heat preservation time;
further, in the comprehensive evaluation function, a fitting function is used、/>、/>And->The density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the cutter matrix under different heat preservation time are measured through a performance test module, and data fitting is carried out, wherein the fitting function is ∈ ->、/>、/>And->The specific acquisition mode of the method comprises the following steps:
s31: determining a microwave sintering heat preservation time range;
s32: preparing TiCN and corresponding formula materials thereof, and finishing all processing preparation treatments of the materials before sintering to obtain a cutter matrix;
s33: carrying out microwave sintering experiments on the cutter matrix for multiple times within the determined sintering heat preservation time range, wherein different heat preservation time is selected for each experiment, and the influence factors of other sintering processes are ensured to be unchanged; setting the heat preservation time range to be 5-25 min, selecting the heat preservation time to be 5min in the first experiment, and then setting the heat preservation time to be 1min more than the previous experiment for each time until the heat preservation time reaches 25min;
s34: carrying out comprehensive performance test on the cutter matrix after each experiment to obtain comprehensive performance parameters of the cutter matrix after each experiment, including density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength, and carrying out storage record;
s35: fitting the function according to the corresponding data of the heat preservation time obtained in the last step on the density, hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the cutter matrix by using a method of automatically fitting the function by a computer:
；
；
；
；
wherein,the method is a preset order and is used for preventing overfitting and reducing the complexity of the model; for each->，/>4，The numerical value is generated by computer automatic fitting.
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