CN117460853A - Method for producing high-nickel matte by using laterite-nickel ore - Google Patents
Method for producing high-nickel matte by using laterite-nickel ore Download PDFInfo
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 254
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 35
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVCIIEGEAQCZHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Mg].[Ni] Chemical compound [Si].[Mg].[Ni] TVCIIEGEAQCZHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of laterite-nickel ore treatment methods, and in particular relates to a method for producing high nickel matte by using laterite-nickel ore. The method takes high-iron low-nickel low-silicon laterite-nickel ore (such as brown iron type laterite-nickel ore) as a raw material, and sequentially prepares the high-nickel matte through the steps of reduction roasting, magnetic separation, reduction vulcanization roasting and the like. The process route provided by the present disclosure can be produced by adopting the existing rotary kiln, electric furnace, magnetic separator and other equipment, the process is easy to control, and the cost is low; the process route provided by the disclosure also realizes the purpose of directly producing the high nickel matte by utilizing the brown iron type laterite nickel ore on the premise of ensuring the nickel recovery rate.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of laterite-nickel ore treatment methods, and in particular relates to a method for producing high nickel matte by using laterite-nickel ore.
Background
With the gradual scarcity of nickel sulfide ores, laterite nickel ores become important raw materials for smelting nickel products. At present, the RKEF (rotary kiln+submerged arc furnace) process is the most widely applied laterite-nickel ore smelting process, but the lack of high-grade laterite-nickel ore limits the wide application of the process, and the development and utilization of brown iron type laterite-nickel ore with lower price are urgent.
At present, the main flow of producing the high nickel matte from the laterite-nickel ore is as follows: the laterite-nickel ore is smelted to produce low nickel-sulfur, then the low nickel-sulfur is blown to produce high nickel matte, and the nickel-iron product obtained by the low-grade brown iron type laterite-nickel ore through the pyrogenic process treatment has low nickel grade, low income and low efficiency. According to the method for preparing high-grade ferronickel from low-grade laterite-nickel ore disclosed in the patent CN110983043A, crushed laterite-nickel ore and a reducing agent are mixed and agglomerated to obtain a self-reduction product in a protective atmosphere, the self-reduction product is selectively oxidized in a weak oxidizing atmosphere to obtain an oxidation product, and metal and gangue are separated after the oxidation product is melted, so that the high-grade ferronickel alloy is obtained. The method is used for producing a high-grade ferronickel alloy product, and the nickel-containing grade is 30%.
The brown iron type laterite-nickel ore is a high-iron low-nickel-silicon-magnesium content laterite-nickel ore, and the direct production of ferronickel and nickel matte products by adopting a pyrogenic process is poor in economical efficiency due to lower nickel grade, so that the brown iron type laterite-nickel ore is mainly treated by adopting a wet process at present. However, the wet process generates a large amount of leaching residues which are difficult to treat, no example of comprehensive recycling of the leaching residues exists in the laterite-nickel ore acid leaching project which is currently operated globally, and the deep sea landfill and tailing pond storage modes are adopted.
In view of this, the present disclosure is specifically proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present disclosure includes providing a method for producing high nickel matte by using laterite-nickel ore, aiming at improving production efficiency and reducing process cost on the premise of ensuring nickel recovery rate.
In order to achieve the above object of the present disclosure, the following technical solutions may be adopted:
the scheme provided by the disclosure comprises a method for producing high-nickel matte by using laterite-nickel ore, which comprises the following steps: carrying out reduction roasting on laterite nickel ore at 600-850 ℃, carrying out magnetic separation on roasting products to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, and carrying out reduction vulcanization roasting on the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate at 1100-1300 ℃;
wherein the laterite-nickel ore is brown iron type laterite-nickel ore.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided: mixing laterite-nickel ore with a reducing agent, performing reduction roasting for 40-60 min at 600-850 ℃, magnetically separating roasting products to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, performing reduction vulcanization roasting on the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, the reducing agent and a vulcanizing agent at 1100-1300 ℃ for 20-40 min to obtain crude high-nickel matte, and performing fusion impurity removal on the crude high-nickel matte to obtain the required high-nickel matte product.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the over-reduction firing temperature is 750 ℃ to 850 ℃ and the over-reduction firing time is 40min to 120min.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mass ratio of laterite-nickel ore to reductant is 1: (0.1-0.3).
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reducing agent used in the process of the over-reduction roasting is reduced coal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the over-reduction firing is performed in a rotary kiln, with inert shielding gas being fed during the firing.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the magnetic separation strength is controlled to be 1000GS to 3000GS.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the roasting product after the reducing roasting is crushed, ground and then subjected to magnetic separation to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate and magnetic separation tailings.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, crushing is performed by grinding, and the particle size after crushing is controlled to be 0.075mm or less.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, further comprising: and (3) carrying out oxidative roasting and magnetic separation treatment on the magnetic separation tailings to obtain magnetite and iron-containing quartz sand.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the roasting temperature is controlled to be 500-800 ℃ and the roasting time is controlled to be 30-120 min in the process of oxidizing and roasting the magnetic tailings.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, when magnetic separation is performed after oxidative roasting, the magnetic separation intensity is controlled to be 800GS to 1400GS.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the temperature of the reductive vulcanization bake is 1200 ℃ to 1250 ℃ and the time of the reductive vulcanization bake is 35min to 40min.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, during the reductive sulfidation roasting process, the mass ratio of the nickel containing magnetite concentrate to the reducing agent and sulfidizing agent is controlled to be 1: (0.08-0.10): (0.30-0.50).
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sulfiding agent used in the reductive sulfidation roasting process is sulfur.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reducing agent used in the reductive sulfidation roasting process is reduced coal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reductive sulfidation calcination is performed in a rotary kiln, with inert shielding gas being passed through the calcination process.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the operating temperature is controlled to be 1300 ℃ to 1500 ℃ and the operating time is controlled to be 10min to 30min during the process of melting and impurity removal.
According to the method, brown iron type laterite-nickel ore is used as a raw material, reduction roasting is carried out by controlling the reduction temperature, ferric oxide in the raw material is reduced to ferroferric oxide and then reduced to ferrous oxide in the process, then the characteristic that ferrous oxide is non-magnetic is utilized, nickel-containing magnetite concentrate is obtained by removing ferrous oxide through magnetic separation, then the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate is subjected to reduction vulcanization roasting, the roasting temperature is controlled, sulfur enters a ferronickel phase, a solid solution of nickel sulfide and ferrous sulfide is generated, and the high-nickel matte is obtained. The process route provided by the present disclosure can be produced by adopting the existing rotary kiln, electric furnace, magnetic separator and other equipment, the process is easy to control, and the cost is low; the process route provided by the disclosure also realizes the purpose of directly producing the high nickel matte by utilizing the brown iron type laterite nickel ore on the premise of ensuring the nickel recovery rate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present disclosure and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main process steps provided in the present disclosure for producing high nickel matte from laterite nickel ore;
fig. 2 is a process flow diagram for producing high nickel matte from laterite-nickel ore provided by the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed in this disclosure are not limited to the precise range or value, and such range or value should be understood to encompass values approaching those range or value. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
Referring to fig. 1, the main steps include sequentially performing over-reduction roasting, magnetic separation and reduction vulcanization roasting. Carrying out reduction roasting on laterite-nickel ore at 600-850 ℃, carrying out magnetic separation on roasting products to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, and carrying out reduction vulcanization roasting on the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate at 1100-1300 ℃.
The method is characterized in that laterite nickel ore with high iron content and low nickel-silicon-magnesium content (such as brown iron type laterite nickel ore) is used as a raw material, reduction roasting is carried out by controlling the reduction temperature, in the process, ferroferric oxide is reduced to ferrous oxide, then the ferrous oxide is reduced to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate by utilizing the non-magnetic characteristic of ferrous oxide, nickel-containing magnetite concentrate is removed by magnetic separation, reduction vulcanization roasting is carried out on the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, the roasting temperature is controlled, sulfur enters a nickel-iron phase, and a solid solution of nickel sulfide and ferrous sulfide is generated, so that the high nickel matte is obtained.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the method for producing high nickel matte by using laterite-nickel ore provided by the present disclosure includes the following steps:
s1, over-reduction roasting
Mixing laterite-nickel ore with a reducing agent, and then performing reduction roasting for 40-120 min at 600-850 ℃, wherein at the reduction temperature, ferric oxide in the laterite-nickel ore is reduced into ferroferric oxide and then further reduced into ferrous oxide, and if the reduction temperature is too high, if the reduction temperature exceeds 1000 ℃, the ferroferric oxide is directly reduced into iron simple substance.
The term "overdreduced firing" indicates: by controlling the reduction temperature, the ferric oxide in the laterite-nickel ore is reduced into ferroferric oxide and then further reduced into ferrous oxide, and the reduction step is two steps.
Specifically, in the case of the super-reduction roasting, the reduction temperature may be 600 ℃, 650 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃ and the like, and the time of the reduction roasting may be 40min, 45min, 50min, 55min, 60min and the like.
The method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is suitable for treating laterite-nickel ores with high iron content, low nickel content and low silicon content, such as limonite-type laterite-nickel ores, but is not limited to the method.
In a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the over-reduction roasting temperature is 750 ℃ to 800 ℃ and the over-reduction roasting time is 40min to 120min, and the temperature and time of the over-reduction roasting are optimized to convert more iron into ferrous oxide to be removed by magnetic separation, so as to obtain an intermediate product with high nickel grade.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mass ratio of laterite-nickel ore to reductant is 1: (0.1-0.3), the amount of the reducing agent to be used is preferably controlled within the above-mentioned range so that the iron oxide is more sufficiently converted. Specifically, the mass ratio of laterite-nickel ore to the reducing agent may be 1:0.1, 1:0.2, 1:0.3, etc. The reducing agent used in the process of the over-reduction roasting may be reduced coal, but is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the over-reduction roasting may be performed in a rotary kiln, and inert shielding gas is introduced during the roasting process, and the inert shielding gas may be nitrogen, argon, or the like, without limitation.
S2, magnetic separation
The roasting product is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, most of iron in S1 is converted into ferrous oxide, and the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate can be removed through magnetic separation by utilizing the characteristic of no magnetism.
In order to remove ferrous oxide more fully, the roasting product after the over-reduction roasting can be crushed and ground, and then magnetic separation is carried out to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate and magnetic separation tailings. In the magnetic separation process, the magnetic separation strength is controlled to be 1000GS-3000GS so as to fully remove iron impurities and improve the nickel grade of the product. Specifically, the magnetic separation strength may be 1000GS, 1500GS, 2000GS, 2500GS, 3000GS, or the like.
The crushing and grinding modes and the particle size after grinding are not limited, ferrous oxide can be removed better, and in some embodiments of the disclosure, crushing and grinding modes can be adopted to crush, and the particle size after crushing and grinding is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.075mm.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the magnetic separation tailings can be further processed to obtain a product with market application value, the magnetic separation tailings can be subjected to oxidative roasting and magnetic separation treatment to obtain magnetite and iron-containing quartz sand, and the magnetite and the iron-containing quartz sand are both products with market value and can be sold.
Further, in the process of oxidizing and roasting the magnetic separation tailings, the roasting temperature is controlled to be 500-800 ℃, the roasting time is controlled to be 30-120 min, and ferrous oxide can be oxidized into ferroferric oxide through oxidizing and roasting.
Further, when magnetic separation is performed after the oxidizing roasting, the magnetic separation strength is controlled to be 800GS-1400GS so that magnetite and iron-containing quartz sand are better separated.
S3, reducing, vulcanizing and roasting
And (3) carrying out reduction vulcanization roasting on the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, a reducing agent and a vulcanizing agent at 1100-1300 ℃ for 20-40 min to obtain the crude high nickel matte. And (3) carrying out reduction vulcanization roasting on the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, controlling the roasting temperature, enabling sulfur to enter a ferronickel phase, generating a solid solution of nickel sulfide and iron sulfide, and directly obtaining the high-nickel matte, wherein if the roasting temperature is too large and too small, the target product cannot be obtained.
Specifically, the temperature of the reduction vulcanization roasting can be 1100 ℃, 1150 ℃, 1200 ℃, 1250 ℃, 1300 ℃ and the like, and the time of the reduction vulcanization can be 20min, 25min, 30min, 35min, 40min and the like.
In a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the temperature of the reductive sulfidation roasting is 1200-1250 ℃, the time of the reductive sulfidation roasting is 35-40 min, and the yield of the high nickel matte is further improved by optimizing the temperature and time of the reductive sulfidation.
Further, in the process of reducing, vulcanizing and roasting, controlling the mass ratio of the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate to the reducing agent and vulcanizing agent to be 1: (0.08-0.10): (0.30-0.50), the amount of the raw materials is preferably controlled within the above range, so as to further improve the yield of the product and avoid the waste of the raw materials. Specifically, the mass ratio of the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate to the reducing agent and sulfidizing agent may be 1:0.08:0.30, 1:0.09:0.40, 1:0.10:0.50, etc.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sulfiding agent used in the reductive sulfiding roasting process is sulfur, and the reducing agent is reduced coal, but is not limited thereto. The reduction vulcanization roasting can be performed in a rotary kiln, inert shielding gas is introduced in the roasting process, and the inert shielding gas is not limited in type and can be nitrogen, argon and the like.
S4, melting and impurity removing
The crude high nickel matte is melted and decontaminated to remove impurities such as silicon, aluminum and the like brought in by the magnetic separation process, and a small amount of produced slag is common solid waste and can be used as building materials.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the operating temperature is controlled to 1300-1500 ℃ and the operating time is controlled to 10-30 min during the process of melting and impurity removal, so as to sufficiently remove impurities and improve the purity of the product. Specifically, the operating temperature may be 1300 ℃, 1350 ℃, 1400 ℃, 1450 ℃, 1500 ℃, etc., and the operating time may be 10min, 20min, 30min, etc.
The method is characterized in that the brown iron type laterite-nickel ore is large in reserves, wide in raw materials and simple to mine, but the low-grade brown iron type laterite-nickel ore is difficult to process by the traditional RKEF technology. The method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure realizes the feasibility of directly producing the high nickel matte from the brown iron type laterite nickel ore, has simple process and no high energy consumption procedure, and is more beneficial to the subsequent wet leaching process for the nickel matte product; the existing rotary kiln, electric furnace and magnetic separator are used on the equipment to realize production, the process is easy to control, and the cost is low.
The features and capabilities of the present disclosure are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
The compositions of the brown iron-type laterite-nickel ores treated in the following examples and comparative examples were as follows: the nickel content is 1.27%, the iron content is 48.88%, the magnesium content is 0.59% and the silicon content is 8.23% by mass.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for producing high-nickel matte by using laterite-nickel ore, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing brown iron type laterite-nickel ore with semi-coke according to a mass ratio of 1:0.12, then carrying out reduction roasting for 50min in a rotary kiln 1 at 800 ℃, and introducing N in the process 2 Is a protective gas.
(2) Grinding the product in the step (1) to a particle size of 0.075mm or less, and then carrying out magnetic separation under the condition that the magnetic separation strength is 1100GS to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate and magnetic separation tailings. The magnetic separation tailings are subjected to oxidation roasting at 700 ℃ and magnetic separation treatment at 1000GS to produce magnetite (Fe: 61.2%) and iron-containing quartz Sand (SiO) 2 ：81.3％，Fe 3 O 4 ：18.1％)。
(3) Mixing the obtained nickel-containing iron ore concentrate, reducing coal and sulfur according to a mass ratio of 1:0.9: mixing 0.4, adding into rotary kiln 2, setting temperature to 1200deg.C, reacting for 40min, and introducing N 2 To obtain coarse high nickel-sulfur for protecting gas.
(4) And (3) melting and removing impurities from the obtained crude high-nickel sulfur in an electric furnace to obtain a high-nickel matte product, wherein the operation temperature is 1300 ℃, and the melting and removing impurities time is 10min.
The test shows that the obtained high nickel matte product contains Ni in terms of mass fraction: 71.41%, S:24.64%, fe:2.82%, si:0.09%; the nickel recovery rate was 89.3%.
Example 2
This example provides a method for producing high nickel matte from laterite-nickel ore, differing from example 1 only in the following operating parameters: the over-reduction roasting temperature in the rotary kiln 1 is 750 ℃ and the roasting time is 40min; the reduction, vulcanization and roasting temperature in the rotary kiln 2 is 1250 ℃, and the reaction time is 35min; the melting impurity removal temperature of the electric furnace is 1350 ℃, and the melting impurity removal time is 15min.
The test shows that the obtained high nickel matte product contains Ni in terms of mass fraction: 70.28%, S:25.35%, fe:2.61%, si:0.12%; the nickel recovery rate was 90.1%.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a method for producing high nickel matte using laterite-nickel ore, which differs from embodiment 1 only in that: the over-reduction firing temperature in the rotary kiln 1 was 850 ℃.
The test shows that the obtained high nickel matte product contains Ni in terms of mass fraction: 72.12%, S:23.41%, fe:1.31%, si:0.14%; the nickel recovery rate was 91.2%.
Comparative example 1
The present embodiment provides a method for producing high nickel matte using laterite-nickel ore, which differs from embodiment 1 only in that: the over-reduction firing temperature in the rotary kiln 1 was 1100 ℃.
The test shows that the obtained high nickel matte product contains Ni in terms of mass fraction: 48.24%, S:17.13%, fe:30.26%, si:0.08%; the nickel recovery rate is 85.5%.
Comparative example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for producing high nickel matte using laterite-nickel ore, which differs from embodiment 1 only in that: the over-reduction firing temperature in the rotary kiln 1 was 500 ℃.
The test shows that the obtained nickel matte product contains Ni in terms of mass fraction: 3.56%, S:6.22%, fe:88.78%, si:2.14%; the nickel recovery rate was 48.3%.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a traditional method for treating brown iron type laterite-nickel ore, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Mixing brown iron type laterite-nickel ore with semi-coke and vulcanizing agent according to the mass ratio of 1:0.06:0.1, then pre-reducing for 100min in a rotary kiln at 900 ℃, and introducing N in the process 2 Is a protective gas.
(2) Mixing the product obtained in the step (1) with semi-coke and a vulcanizing agent according to the mass ratio of 1:0.04: and 0.1, adding the mixture into a smelting tank for smelting to obtain a low-nickel matte product. The content of the product is as follows: ni:2.57%, S:13.22%, fe:83.98%, si:0.12%; the nickel recovery rate was 93.4%.
(3) The obtained low nickel matte and quartz sand are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: mixing 0.5, adding into a converter, blowing, setting the temperature at 1550 deg.C, reacting for 40min, and introducing O during the process 2 The high nickel-sulfur product can be obtained.
The test shows that the obtained high nickel matte product contains Ni in terms of mass fraction: 47.02%, S:20.38%, fe:31.14%, si:0.52%; the nickel recovery rate was 75.3%.
Industrial applicability
The method takes high-iron low-nickel low-silicon laterite-nickel ore as a raw material, and prepares the high-nickel matte through the steps of reduction roasting, magnetic separation, reduction vulcanization roasting and the like in sequence. The process route provided by the disclosure also realizes the purpose of directly producing the high nickel matte by utilizing the brown iron type laterite nickel ore on the premise of ensuring the nickel recovery rate. The process route provided by the disclosure can be produced by adopting the existing rotary kiln, electric furnace, magnetic separator and other equipment, the process is easy to control, the cost is low, and the method has very good industrial practicability.
Claims (18)
1. A method for producing high nickel matte from laterite nickel ore, comprising: carrying out reduction roasting on laterite nickel ore at 600-850 ℃, carrying out magnetic separation on roasting products to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, and carrying out reduction vulcanization roasting on the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate at 1100-1300 ℃;
wherein the laterite-nickel ore is brown iron type laterite-nickel ore.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: mixing laterite-nickel ore with a reducing agent, performing reduction roasting for 40-60 min at 600-850 ℃, magnetically separating roasting products to obtain nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, performing reduction vulcanization roasting on the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate, the reducing agent and a vulcanizing agent for 20-40 min at 1100-1300 ℃ to obtain crude high-nickel matte, and performing fusion impurity removal on the crude high-nickel matte.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the over-reduction firing temperature is 750 ℃ to 850 ℃ and the over-reduction firing time is 40min to 120min.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the mass ratio of laterite nickel ore to the reductant is 1: (0.1-0.3).
5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the reducing agent used in the process of the over-reduction roasting is reduced coal.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the over-reduction roasting is performed in a rotary kiln, and inert shielding gas is introduced during the roasting.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnetic separation strength is controlled to be 1000GS to 3000GS.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the nickel-containing magnetite concentrate and the magnetic tailings are obtained by crushing the roasting product after the over-reduction roasting and then magnetically separating the crushed roasting product.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the crushing is performed by grinding, and the particle size after crushing is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.075mm.
10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising: and (3) carrying out oxidative roasting and magnetic separation treatment on the magnetic separation tailings to obtain magnetite and iron-containing quartz sand.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the roasting temperature is controlled to be 500-800 ℃ and the roasting time is controlled to be 30-120 min in the process of oxidizing and roasting the magnetic tailings.
12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that when magnetic separation is performed after the oxidative calcination, the magnetic separation strength is controlled to be 800GS to 1400GS.
13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the temperature of the reductive vulcanization bake is 1100 ℃ to 1300 ℃ and the time of the reductive vulcanization bake is 35min to 40min.
14. The method according to any one of claims 2-13, characterized in that during the reductive sulfidation roasting, the mass ratio of the nickel containing magnetite concentrate to the reducing agent and sulfidizing agent is controlled to be 1: (0.08-0.10): (0.30-0.50).
15. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 14, wherein the sulfiding agent used in the reductive sulfidation roasting process is one or both of sulfur and desulfurized gypsum.
16. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 15, wherein the reducing agent used in the reductive sulfidation roasting process is reduced coal.
17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the reductive sulfidation roasting is performed in a rotary kiln, the roasting process being fed with an inert shielding gas.
18. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 17, wherein the operation temperature is controlled to 1300 ℃ to 1500 ℃ and the operation time is controlled to 10min to 30min during the process of melting and impurity removal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2023119809 | 2023-09-19 |
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