CN117458675B

CN117458675B - Battery charging simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN117458675B
Application number: CN202311776388.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓咏康; 林立勇; 张佳辉
Original assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-22
Filing date: 2023-12-22
Publication date: 2024-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2043-12-22
Also published as: CN117458675A

Abstract

The application provides a battery charging simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining each candidate charging state which can be achieved by the battery in the current charging state from the charging state space of the battery, and determining charging current intervals which are respectively required for enabling the battery to achieve each candidate charging state from the current charging state; determining safe current intervals which respectively meet the charging constraint from the charging current intervals of each candidate charging state; selecting a next charging state and a next charging current for enabling the battery to reach the next charging state from the current charging state from the safe current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states based on the target evaluation indexes; and determining to finish the simulation of the battery charging process under the condition that the battery charge state corresponding to the next charge state reaches the target battery charge state. According to the scheme of this application, can confirm more reasonable charge current for battery charging process, slow down battery capacity decline.

Description

Battery charging simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technologies, but not limited to, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for simulating battery charging.

Background

New energy batteries are increasingly used in life and industry, for example, new energy automobiles having a battery mounted therein have been widely used, and in addition, batteries are increasingly used in the field of energy storage and the like.

In the related art, a scheme of charging a battery is that when the voltage of the battery is low, trickle charging is performed by using a small current, then constant current charging is started to reach a preset voltage value by using a large current, and constant voltage charging is performed at the end of charging. Although the scheme is easy to realize, the charging current is not reasonably planned, and if the charging current is not controlled properly, irreversible degradation of the battery capacity can be caused, so that the service life of the battery is shortened.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the embodiments of the present application at least provide a simulation method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for battery charging, which can improve the safety of the battery charging process, and determine a more reasonable charging current for the battery charging process, so that the change of the charging state of the battery in the charging process is more reasonable, thereby slowing down the capacity degradation of the battery and increasing the service life of the battery.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is realized as follows:

a simulation method of battery charging, comprising:

determining at least one candidate state of charge that the battery can reach in a current state of charge from a state of charge space of the battery, and determining a charging current interval required to enable the battery to reach each candidate state of charge from the current state of charge; the state-of-charge space comprises a plurality of states of charge, each state of charge representing a combination of battery state of charge and battery temperature;

for each candidate charging state, determining a safe current interval meeting charging constraint from charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging state;

selecting a next charging state of the battery and a next charging current adopted for enabling the battery to reach the next charging state from the current charging state from at least one candidate charging state and from safe current intervals corresponding to each candidate charging state respectively based on a target evaluation index;

and under the condition that the battery charge state corresponding to the next charge state reaches the target battery charge state corresponding to the target charge state, determining to complete the simulation of the battery charging process.

According to the simulation method for battery charging in the embodiment of the application, on the one hand, based on the target evaluation index, the next charging state of the battery and the next charging current adopted by the battery from the current charging state to the next charging state are selected from at least one candidate charging state which can be achieved in the current charging state of the battery and the safety current interval corresponding to each candidate charging state respectively, so that the change track of the charging state in the charging process and the charging current adopted by the battery to achieve each charging state can be planned in a fine granularity manner, more reasonable charging current is determined for the battery charging process, and the change of the charging state of the battery in the charging process is more reasonable, so that the capacity fading of the battery is slowed down, and the service life of the battery is prolonged; on the other hand, the next charging current adopted for enabling the battery to reach the next charging state from the current charging state is selected from the safe current interval meeting the charging constraint, so that the safety of the battery charging process can be improved.

In some embodiments, the selecting, based on the target evaluation index, a next state of charge of the battery and a next charging current adopted for the battery to reach the next state of charge from the current state of charge from at least one candidate state of charge and from safe current intervals respectively corresponding to each candidate state of charge includes: selecting a first charging current from a safe charging current interval corresponding to each candidate charging state according to each candidate charging state, and evaluating a process of enabling the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current based on the target evaluation index to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state; and determining the next charging state from the candidate charging states based on first evaluation scores respectively corresponding to the candidate charging states, and determining a first charging current corresponding to the next charging state as the next charging current.

In this way, the first charging current corresponding to each candidate charging state is selected from the safe charging current intervals of each candidate charging state, then the process that the battery reaches the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current is evaluated based on the target evaluation index, the first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state is obtained, finally the next charging state is determined from each candidate charging state based on the first evaluation score corresponding to each candidate charging state, and the first charging current corresponding to the next charging state is determined as the next charging current, so that the determined next charging state can better meet the evaluation system based on the target evaluation index, and the charging state change of the battery in the charging process is more reasonable.

In some embodiments, the selecting the first charging current from the safe charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states includes: selecting the first charging current from the safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state according to a target selection strategy, wherein the selection target of the target selection strategy is as follows: and based on the target evaluation index, optimizing a second evaluation score obtained by evaluating a process of enabling the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current.

In this way, the optimal first charging current corresponding to each candidate charging state can be selected from the safe charging current intervals of each candidate charging state in an evaluation system based on the target evaluation index, and then each candidate charging state can be evaluated based on the optimal first charging current corresponding to each candidate charging state, so that the determined next charging state can better meet the evaluation system, and the charging state change and the charging current planning of the battery in the charging process are more reasonable.

In some embodiments, the target evaluation index comprises at least one of: a first distance index between the candidate charging state and a charging cut-off target, and a second distance index between a candidate node corresponding to the candidate charging state and a boundary node set, wherein the time-consuming index of the candidate charging state is reached from the current charging state; the candidate node represents the candidate charging state and a first charging current corresponding to the candidate charging state, the boundary node set comprises at least one boundary node, and each boundary node represents one charging state in the charging state space and a maximum charging current corresponding to the charging state.

On the one hand, the first distance index between the candidate charging state and the charging stop target can reflect the approaching degree between the candidate charging state and the charging stop target, so that the first distance index is considered when the process of evaluating the current charging state of the battery reaching the candidate charging state by adopting the first charging current is evaluated, the charging state of the battery can reach the charging stop target more quickly, and the charging efficiency is improved; on the other hand, as the second distance index between the candidate node corresponding to the candidate charging state and the boundary node set can reflect the charging safety degree of the candidate charging state, the second distance index is considered when evaluating the process of using the first charging current to enable the current charging state of the battery to reach the candidate charging state, so that the charging process can be safer; in still another aspect, since the time-consuming indicator that reaches the candidate state of charge from the current state of charge may reflect the charging efficiency, the time-consuming indicator is considered when evaluating the process of using the first charging current to make the current state of charge reach the candidate state of charge, so that the charging duration may be shortened and the charging efficiency may be improved. Therefore, the process of enabling the current charging state of the battery to reach the candidate charging state by adopting the first charging current is evaluated based on at least one of the first distance index, the second distance index and the time-consuming index, and the charging state change and the charging current planning of the battery in the charging process can be more reasonable.

In some embodiments, the target rating index includes the first distance index, and the first rating score includes a first index score corresponding to the first distance index; the step of evaluating, based on the target evaluation index, a process of using the first charging current to enable the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state, to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state, includes: determining the first indicator score based on a first difference between the target battery state of charge and a battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge, if the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge; determining the first index score based on a distance between a first and a second tuple when the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge and a target battery temperature corresponding to the target state of charge; the first binary group comprises the target battery state of charge and the target battery temperature, and the second binary group comprises the battery state of charge and the battery temperature corresponding to the candidate state of charge; determining the first indicator score based on a distance between a first triplet and a second triplet, in a case where the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge, the target battery temperature, and a target charge current; the first triplet includes the target battery state of charge, the target battery temperature, and the target charging current, and the second triplet includes the battery state of charge, the battery temperature, and the first charging current corresponding to the candidate state of charge.

Therefore, under the condition that the target evaluation index comprises the first distance index, the first distance index is determined to be evaluated in a corresponding mode according to the requirement of the charging stop target, and the first index score corresponding to the first distance index is obtained, so that each selected next charging state can better meet the requirement of the charging stop target.

In some embodiments, the target rating index includes the second distance index, and the first rating score includes a second index score corresponding to the second distance index; the step of evaluating, based on the target evaluation index, a process of using the first charging current to enable the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state, to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state, includes: determining the minimum value of the distance between the candidate node and each boundary node in the boundary node set; and determining the reciprocal of the minimum value as the second index part.

In this way, the minimum value of the distance between the candidate node and each boundary node in the boundary node set can reflect the approaching degree between the candidate node and the safe charging boundary, so that the reciprocal of the minimum value can reflect the charging safety degree corresponding to the candidate node.

In some embodiments, the target evaluation index includes the time-consuming index, and the first evaluation score includes a third index score corresponding to the time-consuming index; the step of evaluating, based on the target evaluation index, a process of using the first charging current to enable the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state, to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state, includes: determining a second difference between the battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge and the battery state of charge corresponding to the current state of charge; determining an average value between the first charging current and a current charging current of the battery in the current state of charge; the third indicator score is determined based on a ratio between the second difference and the average.

Therefore, the third index score corresponding to the time-consuming index can be simply and quickly determined, so that the charging time can be shortened, and the charging efficiency can be improved.

In some embodiments, the charging constraints include respective maximum charging currents of the battery at each of the states of charge; the method further comprises the steps of: performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain maximum charging currents which respectively correspond to the battery in at least two first charging states and meet charging boundary conditions; and carrying out interpolation processing on the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the batteries in at least two first charging states to obtain the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the batteries in each charging state in the charging state space.

Therefore, through carrying out thermal performance simulation on the battery, interpolation processing is carried out after the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the battery in at least two first charging states are determined, and the more refined corresponding relation between the charging states and the maximum charging currents can be obtained, so that the charging state change and the charging currents of the battery in the charging process can be planned more precisely.

In some embodiments, before determining at least one candidate state of charge that the battery can reach at the current state of charge in the state of charge space of the slave battery, the method further comprises: performing discretization processing on a preset state of charge interval according to a first discrete step length to obtain a group of discretized battery states of charge; performing discretization processing on a preset temperature interval according to a second discrete step length to obtain a group of battery temperatures after discretization; the state of charge space is established based on the discretized set of battery states of charge and the discretized set of battery temperatures.

In this way, a discretized state-of-charge space can be established simply and quickly.

In some embodiments, the determining causes the battery to reach from the present state of charge to a charging current interval separately required for each of the candidate states of charge comprises: and performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain charging current intervals required by the battery to reach each candidate charging state from the current charging state.

In this way, by performing thermal performance simulation on the battery, the charging current interval required for enabling the battery to reach each candidate charging state from the current charging state can be accurately and conveniently determined.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and taking the next charging state as the new current charging state under the condition that the charging state of the battery corresponding to the next charging state does not reach the target charging state of the battery.

In this way, by taking the next charging state as the new current charging state, the charging state and the charging current in the battery charging process can be planned gradually.

In some embodiments, the battery has an initial state of charge; the method further comprises the steps of: and determining a charging state track of the battery based on the initial charging state, each next charging state selected by taking the initial charging state as the first current charging state and the next charging current adopted for reaching each next charging state respectively.

Therefore, a reasonable charging state track can be rapidly planned for the charging process of the battery so as to determine each charging state of the battery in the charging process and the charging current adopted for reaching each charging state.

The embodiment of the application provides a simulation device for battery charging, which comprises:

a first determining module, configured to determine at least one candidate state of charge that can be reached by a battery in a current state of charge from a state of charge space of the battery, and determine a charging current interval required to enable the battery to reach each candidate state of charge from the current state of charge; the state-of-charge space comprises a plurality of states of charge, each state of charge representing a combination of battery state of charge and battery temperature;

the second determining module is used for determining a safe current interval meeting the charging constraint from charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states according to each candidate charging state;

the selecting module is used for selecting the next charging state of the battery and the next charging current adopted for enabling the battery to reach the next charging state from the current charging state from at least one candidate charging state and from safe current intervals corresponding to each candidate charging state respectively based on a target evaluation index;

and the third determining module is used for determining to finish the simulation of the battery charging process under the condition that the battery charging state corresponding to the next charging state reaches the target battery charging state corresponding to the target charging state.

According to the simulation device for battery charging in the embodiment of the application, on the one hand, based on the target evaluation index, the next charging state of the battery and the next charging current adopted by the battery from the current charging state to the next charging state are selected from at least one candidate charging state which can be achieved in the current charging state of the battery and the safety current interval corresponding to each candidate charging state respectively, so that the change track of the charging state in the charging process and the charging current adopted by the battery to achieve each charging state can be planned in a fine granularity manner, more reasonable charging current is determined for the battery charging process, and the change of the charging state of the battery in the charging process is more reasonable, so that the capacity fading of the battery is slowed down, and the service life of the battery is prolonged; on the other hand, the next charging current adopted for enabling the battery to reach the next charging state from the current charging state is selected from the safe current interval meeting the charging constraint, so that the safety of the battery charging process can be improved.

The embodiment of the application provides a computer device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program capable of running on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize part or all of the steps of the method.

Embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs some or all of the steps of the above-described method.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the aspects of the present application.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the technical aspects of the application.

Fig. 1 is a schematic implementation flow diagram of a battery charging simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic implementation flow chart II of a battery charging simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3A is a schematic implementation flow chart III of a battery charging simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3B is a schematic space diagram of a three-dimensional dynamic window corresponding to a battery in a current charging state in a battery charging simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3C is a schematic diagram of a charge state track according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a battery charging simulation device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic hardware entity diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application are further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, which should not be construed as limiting the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making inventive efforts are within the scope of protection of the present application.

In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments" which describe a subset of all possible embodiments, but it is to be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and can be combined with one another without conflict.

The term "first/second/third" is merely to distinguish similar objects and does not represent a specific ordering of objects, it being understood that the "first/second/third" may be interchanged with a specific order or sequence, as permitted, to enable embodiments of the present application described herein to be practiced otherwise than as illustrated or described herein.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing the present application only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.

At present, new energy batteries are increasingly widely applied to life and industry. The new energy battery is not only applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely applied to electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, and a plurality of fields such as aerospace. With the continuous expansion of the application field of the power battery, the market demand of the power battery is also continuously expanding.

In the embodiment of the application, the battery may be a battery cell. The battery cell is a basic unit capable of realizing the mutual conversion of chemical energy and electric energy, and can be used for manufacturing a battery module or a battery pack so as to supply power to an electric device. The battery cell may be a secondary battery, which means a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating an active material in a charging manner after the battery cell is discharged. The battery cell may be a lithium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead storage battery, or the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In embodiments of the present application, the battery may also be a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. When a plurality of battery cells are provided, the plurality of battery cells are connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel through the converging component.

The embodiment of the application provides a simulation method for battery charging, which can improve the safety of a battery charging process, determine more reasonable charging current for the battery charging process, and enable the change of the charging state of a battery in the charging process to be more reasonable, thereby slowing down the capacity decline of the battery and prolonging the service life of the battery. The method may be performed by a processor of a computer device. The computer device may be a device with data processing capability, such as a server, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a smart television, a set-top box, a mobile device (e.g., a mobile phone, a portable video player, a personal digital assistant, a dedicated messaging device, and a portable game device). Fig. 1 is a schematic implementation flow diagram of a battery charging simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes steps S101 to S104 as follows:

Step S101, determining at least one candidate charge state which can be reached by the battery in the current charge state from the charge state space of the battery, and determining a charge current interval required for enabling the battery to reach each candidate charge state from the current charge state; the state of charge space includes a plurality of states of charge, each of which characterizes a combination of battery state of charge and battery temperature.

Here, the State-Of-Charge space Of the battery may characterize a correspondence between at least one battery State-Of-Charge (SOC) that the battery may reach during charging and the battery temperature.

In some embodiments, the battery state of charge space of the battery may be determined by performing thermal characteristic simulation on the battery to determine the battery temperature that the battery may have at least one battery state of charge, thereby resulting in a combination of at least one battery state of charge and battery temperature.

In some embodiments, the state of charge interval and the temperature interval which can be achieved by the battery can be obtained by analyzing the thermal characteristics of the battery, and the state of charge space of the battery can be obtained by performing two-dimensional state space modeling based on the state of charge interval and the temperature interval.

It is understood that the current state of charge and each candidate state of charge of the battery are states of charge in the state of charge space of the battery. The candidate state of charge may be a state of charge that the battery may reach by charging at the current state of charge. In practice, the current state of charge of the battery may be an initial state of charge of the battery before charging, or may be a state of charge of the battery after undergoing at least one change in state of charge during charging, which is not limited herein.

Step S102, for each candidate charging state, determining a safe current interval satisfying a charging constraint from charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging state.

Herein, the charging constraint refers to a constraint condition that the battery needs to meet during charging, and may include, but is not limited to, a maximum charging current, and/or a maximum charging power of the battery under conditions that meet a lithium analysis boundary condition and/or a temperature imbalance boundary condition, and the like.

In some embodiments, the battery has a uniform maximum charging current in different charging states, and a current sub-interval with an upper boundary not exceeding the maximum charging current may be selected from charging current intervals corresponding to each candidate charging state as a safe current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state.

In some embodiments, the battery has respective maximum charging currents in different charging states, and the safe current interval with the upper boundary not exceeding the maximum charging current can be selected from the charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states based on the maximum charging current of the battery in the candidate charging states.

Step S103, selecting a next charging state of the battery and a next charging current adopted for enabling the battery to reach the next charging state from the current charging state from at least one candidate charging state and from safe current intervals corresponding to each candidate charging state respectively based on a target evaluation index.

Here, the target evaluation index may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a first distance index indicating a degree of approach between the candidate charge state and the charge cutoff target, a second distance index indicating a degree of charge safety of the candidate charge state, a time-consuming index indicating charge efficiency, and the like.

In some embodiments, for each candidate charging state, a first charging current corresponding to the candidate charging state may be selected from a safe current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state, and then, based on a target evaluation index, a process of using the first charging current to enable the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state is evaluated based on the first charging current, so as to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state; according to the first evaluation scores corresponding to the candidate charging states respectively, a next charging state can be selected from the candidate charging states, and the first charging current corresponding to the next charging state is determined as the next charging current.

In some embodiments, any suitable selection strategy may be adopted first to select a next charging state from the candidate charging states, and then select a next charging current from the safe charging current interval corresponding to the next charging state based on the target evaluation index. For example, one of the candidate charge states closest to the charge cutoff target may be determined as the next charge state, and the second evaluation score obtained by evaluating the next charge state using the target evaluation index may be set as the next charge current in the safe charge current section corresponding to the next charge state.

Step S104, determining to complete the simulation of the battery charging process when the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge reaches the target battery state of charge corresponding to the target state of charge.

Here, the target state of charge refers to a target to be reached by charging the battery, and may be determined in advance according to an actual charging scenario, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The target state of charge may correspond to a combination of battery state of charge and battery temperature.

In some embodiments, the target to be reached by the battery charging only requires the battery state of charge, that is, the battery state of charge corresponding to the target state of charge is the target state of charge, for example, the target battery state of charge corresponding to the target state of charge may be 95%, 99% or 100%.

In some embodiments, the goal to achieve battery charging places demands on both battery state of charge and battery temperature. The step S104 may include: and determining to complete the simulation of the battery charging process under the condition that the battery charge state corresponding to the next charge state reaches the target battery charge state corresponding to the target charge state and the battery temperature corresponding to the next charge state does not exceed the target battery temperature corresponding to the target charge state.

In some embodiments, the goal to achieve battery charging places demands on both battery state of charge and battery temperature, as well as the charging current employed to achieve the battery state of charge and battery temperature. The step S104 may include: and determining to complete the simulation of the battery charging process under the conditions that the battery charge state corresponding to the next charge state reaches the target battery charge state corresponding to the target charge state, the battery temperature corresponding to the next charge state does not exceed the target temperature corresponding to the target charge state, and the next charge current reaches the target charge current.

It is understood that the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge reaching the target battery state of charge may include the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge being greater than or equal to the target battery state of charge.

In some embodiments, the charging constraint comprises a respective corresponding maximum charging current for the battery at each of the states of charge. Before step S102, the above method may further include the following steps S121 to S122:

Step S121, performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the battery in at least two first charging states and meeting the charging boundary conditions.

Step S122, performing interpolation processing on the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the battery in at least two first charging states, to obtain the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the battery in each charging state in the charging state space.

Here, the charging boundary conditions may include, but are not limited to, lithium precipitation boundary conditions and/or temperature imbalance boundary conditions, etc.

The interpolation processing method for the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the battery in at least two first charging states can include at least one of bilinear difference method, single-linear difference method, nearest neighbor difference method and the like.

In the above embodiment, by performing thermal performance simulation on the battery, determining the maximum charging currents corresponding to the battery in at least two first charging states, and performing interpolation processing, a more refined corresponding relationship between the charging states and the maximum charging currents can be obtained, so that the charging state change and the charging currents of the battery in the charging process can be planned more precisely.

In some embodiments, before determining at least one candidate state of charge reachable by the battery in the current state of charge from the state of charge space of the battery in step S101, the method may further include the following steps S131 to S133:

step S131, discretizing a preset state of charge interval according to a first discrete step length to obtain a group of discretized battery states of charge.

Here, the first discrete step size and the state of charge interval may be preset according to an actual application scenario, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the state of charge interval may include [0,100% ], and the first discrete step may include, but is not limited to, 1%, 2%, 5%, or the like.

Step S132, performing discretization processing on a preset temperature interval according to a second discrete step length to obtain a set of discretized battery temperatures.

Here, the second discrete step size and the temperature interval may be preset according to the actual application scenario, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the temperature interval may include [ -20 ℃,60 ℃), the second discrete step may include, but is not limited to, 1 ℃, 2 ℃, 3 ℃, or the like.

Step S133, establishing the state-of-charge space based on the discretized set of battery states of charge and the discretized set of battery temperatures.

Here, the battery state of charge and the battery temperature may be respectively used as two dimensions in a two-dimensional space, and a state of charge space may be established, where a set of discretized battery states of charge in the state of charge space are respectively used as discrete values in the battery state of charge dimension, and a set of discretized battery temperatures are respectively used as discrete values in the battery temperature dimension.

In some embodiments, the determining in the step S101 above to enable the battery to reach the charging current interval required for each candidate charging state from the present charging state, may include the following step S141:

and step S141, performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain charging current intervals required by enabling the battery to reach each candidate charging state from the current charging state.

Here, the thermal performance of the battery may be simulated using any suitable simulation platform, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

It will be appreciated that the charging current interval corresponding to the candidate state of charge may include a possible charging current that enables the battery to reach the candidate state of charge from the present state of charge.

In the above embodiment, by performing thermal performance simulation on the battery, the charging current interval required for enabling the battery to reach each candidate charging state from the current charging state can be accurately and conveniently determined.

In some embodiments, the above method may further include the following step S151:

step S151, when the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge does not reach the target battery state of charge, taking the next state of charge as the new current state of charge.

It will be appreciated that, taking the next state of charge as the new current state of charge, at least one new candidate state of charge that the battery can reach in the new current state of charge may be determined from the state of charge space of the battery, and charging current intervals required to bring the battery from the new current state of charge to each new candidate state of charge, respectively, may be determined; for each new candidate charging state, determining a safe current interval meeting the charging constraint from charging current intervals corresponding to the new candidate charging state; selecting a new next charging state of the battery and a new next charging current adopted for enabling the battery to reach the new next charging state from the new current charging state from at least one new candidate charging state and safety current intervals corresponding to each new candidate charging state respectively based on the target evaluation index; and taking the new next state of charge as the next new current state of charge under the condition that the state of charge of the battery corresponding to the new next state of charge does not reach the target state of charge of the battery, until the state of charge of the battery corresponding to the selected next state of charge reaches the target state of charge of the battery.

In the above embodiment, by taking the next charging state as the new current charging state, the charging state and the charging current in the battery charging process can be planned gradually.

In some embodiments, the battery has an initial state of charge, and the method may further include the following step S161:

step S161, determining a charging state track of the battery based on the initial charging state, each of the next charging states selected by taking the initial charging state as the first current charging state, and the next charging current respectively adopted for reaching each of the next charging states.

Here, the state of charge trajectory of the battery may characterize a plurality of states of charge experienced by the battery during charging and a next charging current employed to reach the plurality of states of charge, respectively.

It can be understood that in an actual application scenario, after the charging state track of the battery is determined in the simulation process of charging the battery, the charging process of the battery is controlled according to the charging state track, so that the charging process of the battery is more reasonable.

An embodiment of the present application provides a method for simulating battery charging, and fig. 2 is a schematic implementation flow chart of a method for simulating battery charging provided in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, where the method may include steps S201 to S205 as follows:

step S201, determining at least one candidate charging state which can be reached by the battery in the current charging state from the charging state space of the battery, and determining charging current intervals respectively required for the battery to reach each candidate charging state from the current charging state; the state of charge space includes a plurality of states of charge, each of which characterizes a combination of battery state of charge and battery temperature.

Step S202, for each candidate charging state, determining a safe current interval satisfying a charging constraint from charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging state.

Here, steps S201 to S202 correspond to steps S101 to S102 in the foregoing examples, respectively, and the implementation of the foregoing steps S101 to S102 may be referred to in practice.

Step S203, for each candidate charging state, selecting a first charging current from a safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state, and evaluating a process of using the first charging current to enable the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state based on the target evaluation index, so as to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state.

Here, the first charging current may be selected from the safe charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states in any suitable manner, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the maximum safe charging current in the safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state may be selected as the first charging current corresponding to the candidate charging state, so that the battery may enter the next charging state from the current charging state as soon as possible. For another example, the minimum safe charging current in the safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state may be selected as the first charging current corresponding to the candidate charging state, so that the process of entering the next charging state from the current charging state of the battery is as safe as possible. For another example, at least one candidate charging current in the safe charging current section corresponding to the candidate charging state may be evaluated based on the target evaluation index, so that the first charging current is determined based on the evaluation result of each candidate charging current.

The first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate state of charge may be determined by evaluating a process of bringing the battery from the present state of charge to the candidate state of charge using the first charge current corresponding to the candidate state of charge with the target evaluation index as an evaluation criterion. In implementation, the target evaluation index may be determined by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and may include at least one dimension of the evaluation index, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the target evaluation index may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a first distance index that characterizes a degree of closeness between the candidate state of charge and the charge cutoff target, a second distance index that characterizes a degree of charge safety of the candidate state of charge, a time-consuming index that characterizes charge efficiency, and the like.

Step S204, determining the next charging state from the candidate charging states based on the first evaluation score corresponding to each candidate charging state, and determining the first charging current corresponding to the next charging state as the next charging current.

Wherein the next charging current refers to a charging current employed for causing the battery to reach the selected next charging state from the present charging state.

In some embodiments, a higher first score characterizes a better result of the evaluation, such that a corresponding one of the candidate states of charge that is highest may be determined to be the next state of charge.

In some embodiments, a lower first score characterizes a better result of the evaluation, such that a corresponding one of the candidate states of charge may be determined to be the next state of charge.

Step S205, determining to complete the simulation of the battery charging process when the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge reaches the target battery state of charge corresponding to the target state of charge.

Here, step S205 corresponds to step S104 in the foregoing embodiment, and the implementation of step S104 may be referred to.

According to the simulation method for battery charging, the first charging currents corresponding to the safe charging current intervals of the candidate charging states are selected, the process that the current charging state of the battery reaches the candidate charging state by the first charging currents is evaluated based on the target evaluation index, the first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state is obtained, the next charging state is determined from the candidate charging states based on the first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging states, the first charging current corresponding to the next charging state is determined to be the next charging current, and therefore the determined next charging state can better meet the evaluation system based on the target evaluation index, and therefore the charging state change of the battery in the charging process is more reasonable.

In some embodiments, the selecting the first charging current from the safe charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states in the step S203 may include the following step S211:

step S211, selecting the first charging current from the safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state according to a target selection policy, where the selection target of the target selection policy is: and based on the target evaluation index, optimizing a second evaluation score obtained by evaluating a process of enabling the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current.

Here, in the process of selecting the first charging current according to the target selection policy, for each candidate charging current, a process of using the candidate charging current to make the battery reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state may be evaluated based on the target evaluation index, so as to obtain a second evaluation score, and when a certain candidate charging current is found so that the evaluated second evaluation score is optimal, the candidate charging current is determined as the selected first charging current.

In some embodiments, a gradient descent manner may be adopted, and according to a target selection policy, the first charging current is selected from the safe charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states.

In some embodiments, the process of using the candidate charging current to make the battery reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state may be evaluated based on the target evaluation index to obtain the second evaluation score, and the process of using the first charging current to make the battery reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state may be evaluated based on the target evaluation index to obtain the first evaluation score in the above-mentioned step S203.

In the above embodiment, the optimal first charging current corresponding to each candidate charging state may be selected from the safe charging current intervals of each candidate charging state in the evaluation system based on the target evaluation index, so that each candidate charging state may be evaluated based on the optimal first charging current corresponding to each candidate charging state, so that the determined next charging state may better satisfy the evaluation system, and thus the charging state change and the charging current planning of the battery in the charging process may be more reasonable.

Here, the first distance index between the candidate state of charge and the charge cutoff target may characterize a degree of approach between the candidate state of charge and the charge cutoff target. The charge cutoff target includes at least a target battery state of charge. In some embodiments, the charge cutoff target may further include at least one of a target battery temperature, a target charge current, and the like.

The second distance index between the candidate node corresponding to the candidate charging state and the boundary node set can represent the approaching degree of the candidate node and the unsafe charging area of the battery, so that the charging safety degree of the candidate charging state can be represented.

The time-consuming indicator of reaching the candidate state of charge from the current state of charge may characterize the efficiency of reaching the candidate state of charge from the current state of charge, and thus may characterize the charging efficiency of the battery.

In the above embodiment, on the one hand, since the first distance index between the candidate charging state and the charging stop target may reflect the approaching degree between the candidate charging state and the charging stop target, the first distance index is considered when evaluating the process of using the first charging current to make the current charging state of the battery reach the candidate charging state, so that the charging state of the battery can reach the charging stop target faster, and the charging efficiency is improved; on the other hand, as the second distance index between the candidate node corresponding to the candidate charging state and the boundary node set can reflect the charging safety degree of the candidate charging state, the second distance index is considered when evaluating the process of using the first charging current to enable the current charging state of the battery to reach the candidate charging state, so that the charging process can be safer; in still another aspect, since the time-consuming indicator that reaches the candidate state of charge from the current state of charge may reflect the charging efficiency, the time-consuming indicator is considered when evaluating the process of using the first charging current to make the current state of charge reach the candidate state of charge, so that the charging duration may be shortened and the charging efficiency may be improved. Therefore, the process of enabling the current charging state of the battery to reach the candidate charging state by adopting the first charging current is evaluated based on at least one of the first distance index, the second distance index and the time-consuming index, and the charging state change and the charging current planning of the battery in the charging process can be more reasonable.

In some embodiments, the target rating index includes the first distance index, and the first rating score includes a first index score corresponding to the first distance index. The step S203 of evaluating the process of using the first charging current to make the battery reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state based on the target evaluation index to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state may include the following steps S221 to S223:

in step S221, in the case where the charge cut-off target includes the target battery state of charge, the first index score is determined based on a first difference between the target battery state of charge and the battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge.

In some embodiments, an absolute value of a first difference between a target battery state of charge and a battery state of charge corresponding to a candidate state of charge may be determined as a first indicator score corresponding to the candidate state of charge.

For example, the first index score of the candidate state of charge k may be determined in a manner shown in the following equation 1-1：

（1-1）；

Wherein,for a target state of charge of the battery, The battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge k.

Step S222, when the charge cut-off target includes the target battery state of charge and a target battery temperature corresponding to the target state of charge, determining the first index score based on a distance between a first binary group and a second binary group; the first tuple includes the target battery state of charge and the target battery temperature, and the second tuple includes the battery state of charge and the battery temperature corresponding to the candidate state of charge.

In practice, the distance between the first tuple and the second tuple may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a euclidean distance, a cosine distance, and the like.

In some embodiments, the euclidean distance between the first and second tuples may be determined as the first indicator score corresponding to the candidate state of charge. For example, the target battery state of charge isThe target battery temperature isThe battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge k isThe battery temperature corresponding to the candidate state of charge k isThe first binary group is%) The second binary group is%) The first index score of the candidate state of charge k may be determined in a manner as shown in the following equation 1-2 ：

（1-2）。

Step S223 of determining the first index score based on a distance between a first triplet and a second triplet in a case where the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge, the target battery temperature, and a target charge current; the first triplet includes the target battery state of charge, the target battery temperature, and the target charging current, and the second triplet includes the battery state of charge, the battery temperature, and the first charging current corresponding to the candidate state of charge.

In practice, the distance between the first triplet and the second triplet may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a euclidean distance, a cosine distance, and the like.

In some embodiments, a euclidean distance between the first triplet and the second triplet may be determined as a first indicator score corresponding to the candidate state of charge. For example, the target battery state of charge isThe target battery temperature isThe target charging current isThe battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge k isCandidate state of chargeThe battery temperature corresponding to k isThe first charging current corresponding to the candidate charging state k isThe first triplet is%) The second binary group is% ) The first index score of the candidate state of charge k may be determined in a manner as shown in the following equations 1-3：

（1-3）。

In the above embodiment, when the target evaluation index includes the first distance index, according to the requirement of the charging stop target, it is determined that the first distance index is evaluated in a corresponding manner, so as to obtain a first index score corresponding to the first distance index, so that each selected next charging state can better meet the requirement of the charging stop target.

In some embodiments, the target rating index includes the second distance index, and the first rating score includes a second index score corresponding to the second distance index. The step S203 of evaluating the process of using the first charging current to make the battery reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state based on the target evaluation index to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state may include the following steps S231 to S232:

step S231, determining a minimum value of the distance between the candidate node and each boundary node in the boundary node set.

And step S232, determining the reciprocal of the minimum value as the second index part.

Here, the distance between the candidate node and each boundary node in the boundary node set may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a euclidean distance, a cosine distance, and the like.

In some embodiments, a minimum value of euclidean distances between the candidate node and each boundary node in the set of boundary nodes may be determined, and a second index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge may be determined based on an inverse of the minimum value.

In some embodiments, the step S232 may include: determining the reciprocal of the minimum value as a second index score in the case where the minimum value does not exceed the set distance threshold value; when the minimum value exceeds a set distance threshold value, the reciprocal of the distance threshold value is determined as a second index score.

For example, boundary node set and candidate node) The boundary node closest to the two isThe minimum value of Euclidean distance between the candidate node and each boundary node in the boundary node setCan be determined in the manner shown in the following equations 1-4;

（1-4）；

based on the minimum valueDetermining a second index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge kThe manner of (a) can be shown in the following formulas 1 to 5:

（1-5）；

wherein D is a set distance threshold.

In the above embodiment, since the minimum value of the distance between the candidate node and each boundary node in the boundary node set may reflect the proximity degree between the candidate node and the safe charging boundary, so that the reciprocal of the minimum value may reflect the charging safety degree corresponding to the candidate node, by determining the reciprocal of the minimum value as the second indicator corresponding to the second distance indicator, each selected next charging state may have better safety, and further, the safety of the battery charging process may be further improved.

In some embodiments, the target rating index comprises the time-consuming index, and the first rating score comprises a third index score corresponding to the time-consuming index. The step S203 of evaluating the process of using the first charging current to make the battery reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state based on the target evaluation index to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state may include the following steps S241 to S243:

step S241, determining a second difference between the battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge and the battery state of charge corresponding to the current state of charge.

Step S242, determining an average value between the first charging current and the current charging current of the battery in the current charging state.

Step S243, determining the third index score based on a ratio between the second difference value and the average value.

It is understood that the second difference may represent an amount of charge that needs to be increased from the battery state of charge corresponding to the current state of charge to the battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge, and the average value between the first charging current and the current charging current may represent an average charging current in the process of adjusting from the current charging current to the first charging current, so that the ratio of the second difference to the average value may represent a time required for the battery state of charge corresponding to the current state of charge to reach the battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge and for adjusting from the current charging current to the first charging current.

In some embodiments, a ratio between the second difference and the average may be determined as a third indicator score.

In some embodiments, the ratio between the second difference and the average may be multiplied by a predetermined time coefficient to obtain a third indicator score. For example, the third index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge k may be determined in the manner shown in the following equations 1 to 6 ：

（1-6）；

Wherein,the battery state of charge corresponding to candidate state of charge k,for the battery state of charge corresponding to the current state of charge k-1,for a first charging current corresponding to candidate state of charge k,for the present charge current of the battery at the present state of charge k-1, C is a preset time coefficient.

In some embodiments, the first score includes a first score corresponding to the first distance indicator, a second score corresponding to the second distance indicator, and a third score corresponding to the time-consuming indicator. The step S204 may include the following steps S251 to S252:

step S251, for each candidate charging state, performing weighted summation on the first index score, the second index score and the third index score corresponding to the candidate charging state, to obtain a first index total score of the candidate charging state.

Step S252, determining one of the candidate charge states with the lowest total score of the first index as the next charge state, and determining the first charge current corresponding to the next charge state as the next charge current.

Here, the respective weights may be set in advance for the first index score, the second index score, and the third index score, respectively. And carrying out weighted summation on the first index score, the second index score and the third index score based on weights respectively corresponding to the first index score, the second index score and the third index score to obtain a first index total score of the candidate charging state.

For example, the first index total score of the candidate state of charge k may be determined in the manner shown in the following equations 1 to 7：

（1-7）；

Wherein,、、the weights corresponding to the first index score, the second index score and the third index score respectively,a first index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge k,a second index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge k,and the third index score corresponding to the candidate charging state k.

The application of the embodiment of the application in an actual scene is described below by taking a simulation scene of battery fast charge as an example.

With the continuous popularization of green and low-carbon new energy automobiles in China, the problem of long charging time is a great challenge for further improving the market share. In the related art, when the battery voltage is low, trickle charging is performed with a small current, then constant current charging is started to a predetermined voltage value with a large current, and constant voltage charging is performed at the end of charging. Although the charging method is easy to realize and simple to control, the time required for the battery to reach full charge is long, and if the charging current is controlled improperly, the service life of the battery can be slowed down, and the capacity of the battery can be reduced.

In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a battery charging simulation method that is based on a dynamic window algorithm (Dynamic Window Approach, DWA) and enables fast charging simulation at the power battery cell level. According to the method, a three-dimensional space is constructed by three dimensions of the charge state of the battery, the temperature of the battery and the charging current, and the planning of the charging track in the battery charging process can be regarded as a local dynamic path planning problem in the three-dimensional space. Based on a dynamic window algorithm, the constraint of the battery charging process can be converted into an unsafe region in the local dynamic path planning in the three-dimensional space, a three-dimensional dynamic window for meeting the charging constraint of the battery in the current charging state is determined, a plurality of possible candidate charging states are determined from the range of the three-dimensional dynamic window, and a local optimal next charging state is selected from the plurality of candidate charging states according to a first evaluation score corresponding to a target evaluation index, namely, the current charging state corresponds to a local optimal path with the next charging state until the simulation process of quick battery charging is completed.

Fig. 3A is a schematic implementation flow chart III of a battery charging simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3A, the method includes the following steps S301 to S307:

Step S301, discretizing a preset state of charge interval according to a first discrete step length to obtain a group of discretized battery states of charge; performing discretization processing on a preset temperature interval according to a second discrete step length to obtain a group of battery temperatures after discretization; based on the discretized set of battery states of charge and the discretized set of battery temperatures, a two-dimensional state of charge space is established, and a three-dimensional space of battery states of charge-battery temperatures-charging currents is established on the basis of the state of charge space.

In some embodiments, to more accurately describe the SOC and the battery temperature T that are required to be experienced during the battery charging process, the SOC and the battery temperature T are discretized according to the accuracy of 1% of the SOC value (corresponding to the first discrete step) and the accuracy of 1 ℃ of the battery temperature value (corresponding to the second discrete step), and the discrete state space (i.e., the state-of-charge space) formed by the SOC and the battery temperature T is obtained with the SOC as the ordinate and the battery temperature T as the abscissa.

Step S302, performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain maximum charging currents which respectively correspond to the battery in at least two first charging states and meet charging boundary conditions, and performing bilinear interpolation processing on the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the battery in at least two first charging states to obtain the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the battery in each charging state in a charging state space.

Here, the charging boundary conditions include a lithium analysis boundary condition and a temperature unbalance boundary condition.

The respective maximum charging current of the battery at each state of charge in the state of charge space may be taken as a charging constraint. If other constraints exist in the charging process, other added constraints can be added together.

Step S303, determining a corresponding three-dimensional dynamic window of the battery in the current charging state according to the current charging state of the battery, the three-dimensional space of the battery charging state-battery temperature-charging current and the corresponding maximum charging current of the battery in each charging state in the charging state space.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3B, the value ranges { about the value ranges of the state of charge SOC and the battery temperature T in the three-dimensional dynamic window may be determined according to a plurality of candidate states of charge that the battery can reach in the current state of charge) The k is a positive integer, and the safety current interval corresponding to each candidate charging state is determined according to the maximum charging current corresponding to each candidate charging stateNamely the value ranges of the charging currents I corresponding to the candidate charging states in the three-dimensional dynamic window, so as to { the value ranges of the battery state of charge SOC and the battery temperature T } ) Safety current interval corresponding to each candidate charging stateThe corresponding three-dimensional dynamic window W1 of the battery in the current charging state can be determined; it will be appreciated that, based on the respective maximum charging current of the battery at each state of charge in the state-of-charge space, the respective unsafe current intervals for each candidate state of charge may also be determinedIt can be understood that the value ranges of the battery state of charge SOC and the battery temperature T are {) Respectively corresponding unsafe current intervals of each candidate charging stateAn unsafe charging space W2 to which the battery corresponds in the current state of charge may be constituted.

Step S304, determining a plurality of candidate charging states from the three-dimensional dynamic window range corresponding to the current charging state space; and selecting a first charging current from a safe charging current interval corresponding to each candidate charging state according to each candidate charging state, and evaluating the process of enabling the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current based on a target evaluation index to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state.

Here, in the process of selecting the first charging current, for each candidate charging current, the process of using the candidate charging current to make the battery reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state may be evaluated based on the target evaluation index, a second evaluation score may be obtained, and in the case where a certain candidate charging current is found so that the evaluated second evaluation score is optimal, the candidate charging current may be determined as the selected first charging current.

In some embodiments, a gradient descent manner may be adopted to select a first charging current from the safe charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states, so as to minimize a second evaluation score determined by the first charging current and the candidate charging states together.

For example, the first charging current that makes the second evaluation lowest in the candidate charging state k may be determined in the manner shown in the following equation 2-1：

（2-1）；

Wherein,，for the maximum charging current corresponding to candidate state of charge k,a first index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge k,a second index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge k,a third index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge k,、、the weight of each of the first index score, the second index score and the third index score is corresponding to the weight of each of the first index score, the second index score and the third index score. In implementation, the first index score, the second index score, and the third index score corresponding to the candidate state of charge k may be referred to the description in the foregoing embodiment.

In step S305, a next charging state is determined from the candidate charging states based on the first evaluation scores corresponding to the candidate charging states, respectively, and the first charging current corresponding to the next charging state is determined as the next charging current.

Step S306, judging whether the battery charge state corresponding to the next charge state reaches the target battery charge state.

If the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge has reached the target battery state of charge, step S307 is entered; if the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge does not reach the target battery state of charge, the next state of charge is determined as the new current state of charge, and the process proceeds to step S303.

Step S307, determining that the simulation of the battery charging process is completed, and determining the charging state track of the battery based on the initial charging state of the battery, each next charging state selected by taking the initial charging state as the first current charging state, and the next charging current respectively adopted for reaching each next charging state.

Here, in the case where the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge has reached the target battery state of charge, it is determined that the simulation of the battery charging process is completed.

In some embodiments, a charge state track of the battery may be obtained by sequentially connecting points corresponding to each selected next charge state-next charge current in the three-dimensional space of the charge state-battery temperature-charge current of the battery. For example, as shown in FIG. 3C, the initial state of charge of the battery is The initial charge current isThe initial charge state-initial charge current pair corresponds to an initial track point in a three-dimensional space of the charge state SOC-the battery temperature T-the charge current ISequentially selecting a locally optimal next charge state-next charge current pair from the initial track point, so that a plurality of charge track points can be sequentially determined in a three-dimensional space of the SOC-T-I、、… …, sequentially combining the initial trajectory pointsAnd a plurality of charging track points、、And … …, and obtaining a charging state track L of the battery.

In the simulation method for battery charging provided by the embodiment of the application, on one hand, the three-dimensional dynamic window corresponding to the battery in the current charging state is determined through the battery core lithium analysis boundary condition and the temperature unbalance boundary condition, so that the simulation process of quick charging of the lithium ion battery is realized, and the safety of the quick charging process is effectively ensured; on the other hand, after thermal performance simulation is carried out on the battery to determine the maximum charging current corresponding to the battery in at least two first charging states, bilinear interpolation processing is carried out, so that the correspondence between the more refined charging state and the maximum charging current can be obtained, and the charging state change and the charging current of the battery in the charging process can be planned more refined; in still another aspect, a first distance index between a candidate charging state and a charging cut-off target, a second distance index between a candidate node corresponding to the candidate charging state and a boundary node set, and a target evaluation index which is three-in-one and is a time-consuming index for reaching the candidate charging state from the current charging state can be established by using different platform environments based on a dynamic window method, and a gradient descent mode is adopted, according to a target selection strategy, a first charging current which is selected from a safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state by taking an evaluation optimum based on the target evaluation index as a target is adopted, so that a next charging state is selected from the candidate charging states by taking the evaluation optimum based on the target evaluation index as the target on the basis of each first charging current, and thus, a finally determined charging state track can be more reasonable.

Based on the foregoing embodiments, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery charging simulation apparatus, where the apparatus includes units included, and modules included in the units may be implemented by a processor in a computer device; of course, the method can also be realized by a specific logic circuit; in practice, the processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), microprocessor (Microprocessor Unit, MPU), digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) or field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), etc.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging simulation device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 4, a battery charging simulation device 400 includes: a first determination module 410, a second determination module 420, a selection module 430, and a third determination module 440, wherein:

a first determining module 410, configured to determine at least one candidate state of charge that the battery can reach in a current state of charge from a state of charge space of the battery, and determine a charging current interval required to enable the battery to reach each of the candidate states of charge from the current state of charge; the state-of-charge space comprises a plurality of states of charge, each state of charge representing a combination of battery state of charge and battery temperature;

A second determining module 420, configured to determine, for each of the candidate charging states, a safe current interval satisfying a charging constraint from charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states;

a selecting module 430, configured to select, based on a target evaluation index, a next state of charge of the battery and a next charging current adopted for the battery to reach the next state of charge from the current state of charge from at least one candidate state of charge and from safe current intervals corresponding to each candidate state of charge respectively;

and a third determining module 440, configured to determine that the simulation of the battery charging process is completed when the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge reaches the target battery state of charge corresponding to the target state of charge.

In some embodiments, the selection module is further configured to: selecting a first charging current from a safe charging current interval corresponding to each candidate charging state according to each candidate charging state, and evaluating a process of enabling the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current based on the target evaluation index to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state; and determining the next charging state from the candidate charging states based on first evaluation scores respectively corresponding to the candidate charging states, and determining a first charging current corresponding to the next charging state as the next charging current.

In some embodiments, the selection module is further configured to: selecting the first charging current from the safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state according to a target selection strategy, wherein the selection target of the target selection strategy is as follows: and based on the target evaluation index, optimizing a second evaluation score obtained by evaluating a process of enabling the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current.

In some embodiments, the target rating index includes the first distance index, and the first rating score includes a first index score corresponding to the first distance index; the selection module is also used for: determining the first indicator score based on a first difference between the target battery state of charge and a battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge, if the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge; determining the first index score based on a distance between a first and a second tuple when the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge and a target battery temperature corresponding to the target state of charge; the first binary group comprises the target battery state of charge and the target battery temperature, and the second binary group comprises the battery state of charge and the battery temperature corresponding to the candidate state of charge; determining the first indicator score based on a distance between a first triplet and a second triplet, in a case where the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge, the target battery temperature, and a target charge current; the first triplet includes the target battery state of charge, the target battery temperature, and the target charging current, and the second triplet includes the battery state of charge, the battery temperature, and the first charging current corresponding to the candidate state of charge.

In some embodiments, the target rating index includes the second distance index, and the first rating score includes a second index score corresponding to the second distance index; the selection module is also used for: determining the minimum value of the distance between the candidate node and each boundary node in the boundary node set; and determining the reciprocal of the minimum value as the second index part.

In some embodiments, the target evaluation index includes the time-consuming index, and the first evaluation score includes a third index score corresponding to the time-consuming index; the selection module is also used for: determining a second difference between the battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge and the battery state of charge corresponding to the current state of charge; determining an average value between the first charging current and a current charging current of the battery in the current state of charge; the third indicator score is determined based on a ratio between the second difference and the average.

In some embodiments, the charging constraints include respective maximum charging currents of the battery at each of the states of charge; the apparatus further comprises: the simulation module is used for performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain maximum charging currents which respectively correspond to the battery in at least two first charging states and meet charging boundary conditions; and the interpolation module is used for carrying out interpolation processing on the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the batteries in at least two first charging states to obtain the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the batteries in each charging state in the charging state space.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: the first discretization module is used for discretizing a preset state of charge interval according to a first discretization step length to obtain a group of discretized battery states of charge; the second discretization module is used for discretizing a preset temperature interval according to a second discrete step length to obtain a group of discretized battery temperatures; and the establishing module is used for establishing the charge state space based on the discretized battery charge state and the discretized battery temperature.

In some embodiments, the first determination module is further to: and performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain charging current intervals required by the battery to reach each candidate charging state from the current charging state.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: and the updating module is used for taking the next charging state as the new current charging state under the condition that the battery charging state corresponding to the next charging state does not reach the target battery charging state.

In some embodiments, the battery has an initial state of charge; the apparatus further comprises: and a fourth determining module, configured to determine a charging state track of the battery based on the initial charging state, each of the next charging states selected by taking the initial charging state as a first one of the current charging states, and a next charging current respectively adopted for reaching each of the next charging states.

The description of the apparatus embodiments above is similar to that of the method embodiments above, with similar advantageous effects as the method embodiments. In some embodiments, functions or modules included in the apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application may be used to perform the methods described in the embodiments of the methods, and for technical details that are not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the methods of the present application for understanding.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, if the method is implemented in the form of a software functional module, and sold or used as a separate product, the method may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be essentially or portions contributing to the related art, and the software product may be stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes. Thus, embodiments of the present application are not limited to any specific hardware, software, or firmware, or to any combination of hardware, software, and firmware.

Embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs some or all of the steps of the above-described method. The computer readable storage medium may be transitory or non-transitory.

Embodiments of the present application provide a computer program comprising computer readable code which, when run in a computer device, performs some or all of the steps for implementing the above method.

Embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when read and executed by a computer, performs some or all of the steps of the above-described method. The computer program product may be realized in particular by means of hardware, software or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the computer program product is embodied as a computer storage medium, in other embodiments the computer program product is embodied as a software product, such as a software development kit (Software Development Kit, SDK), or the like.

It should be noted here that: the above description of various embodiments is intended to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments, the same or similar features being referred to each other. The above description of apparatus, storage medium, computer program and computer program product embodiments is similar to that of method embodiments described above, with similar advantageous effects as the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus, storage medium, computer program and computer program product of the present application, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present application.

It should be noted that, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware entity of a computer device in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the hardware entity of the computer device 500 includes: a processor 501, a communication interface 502 and a memory 503, wherein:

the processor 501 generally controls the overall operation of the computer device 500.

The communication interface 502 may enable the computer device to communicate with other terminals or servers over a network.

The memory 503 is configured to store instructions and applications executable by the processor 501, and may also cache data (e.g., image data, audio data, voice communication data, and video communication data) to be processed or processed by the respective modules in the processor 501 and the computer device 500, and may be implemented by a FLASH memory (FLASH) or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM). Data transfer may be performed between the processor 501, the communication interface 502 and the memory 503 via the bus 504.

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence number of each step/process described above does not mean that the execution sequence of each step/process should be determined by the function and the internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for describing, and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above described device embodiments are only illustrative, e.g. the division of the units is only one logical function division, and there may be other divisions in practice, such as: multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. In addition, the various components shown or discussed may be coupled or directly coupled or communicatively coupled to each other via some interface, whether indirectly coupled or communicatively coupled to devices or units, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise.

The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed to a plurality of network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit; the integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in hardware plus software functional units.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the program, when executed, performs steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: a mobile storage device, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like, which can store program codes.

Alternatively, the integrated units described above may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the related art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a removable storage device, a ROM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily conceivable by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A simulation method of battery charging, comprising:

Determining to complete the simulation of the battery charging process under the condition that the battery charge state corresponding to the next charge state reaches the target battery charge state corresponding to the target charge state;

the selecting, based on a target evaluation index, a next charging state of the battery and a next charging current adopted for enabling the battery to reach the next charging state from the current charging state from at least one candidate charging state and from safe current intervals corresponding to each candidate charging state respectively includes:

selecting a first charging current from a safe charging current interval corresponding to each candidate charging state according to each candidate charging state, and evaluating a process of enabling the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current based on the target evaluation index to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state;

determining the next charging state from the candidate charging states based on first evaluation scores corresponding to the candidate charging states respectively, and determining a first charging current corresponding to the next charging state as the next charging current;

The selecting the first charging current from the safe charging current intervals corresponding to the candidate charging states includes:

selecting the first charging current from the safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state according to a target selection strategy, wherein the selection target of the target selection strategy is as follows: optimizing a second evaluation score obtained by evaluating a process of bringing the battery from the present state of charge to the candidate state of charge by using the first charging current, based on the target evaluation index;

the target evaluation index includes at least one of: a first distance index between the candidate charging state and a charging cut-off target, and a second distance index between a candidate node corresponding to the candidate charging state and a boundary node set, wherein the time-consuming index of the candidate charging state is reached from the current charging state; the candidate node represents the candidate charging state and a first charging current corresponding to the candidate charging state, the boundary node set comprises at least one boundary node, and each boundary node represents one charging state in the charging state space and a maximum charging current corresponding to the charging state.

2. The simulation method of battery charging according to claim 1, wherein the target evaluation index includes the first distance index, and the first evaluation score includes a first index score corresponding to the first distance index;

the step of evaluating, based on the target evaluation index, a process of using the first charging current to enable the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state, to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state, includes:

determining the first indicator score based on a first difference between the target battery state of charge and a battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge, if the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge;

determining the first index score based on a distance between a first and a second tuple when the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge and a target battery temperature corresponding to the target state of charge; the first binary group comprises the target battery state of charge and the target battery temperature, and the second binary group comprises the battery state of charge and the battery temperature corresponding to the candidate state of charge;

Determining the first indicator score based on a distance between a first triplet and a second triplet, in a case where the charge cutoff target includes the target battery state of charge, the target battery temperature, and a target charge current; the first triplet includes the target battery state of charge, the target battery temperature, and the target charging current, and the second triplet includes the battery state of charge, the battery temperature, and the first charging current corresponding to the candidate state of charge.

3. The simulation method of battery charging according to claim 1, wherein the target evaluation index includes the second distance index, and the first evaluation score includes a second index score corresponding to the second distance index;

determining the minimum value of the distance between the candidate node and each boundary node in the boundary node set;

and determining the reciprocal of the minimum value as the second index part.

4. The simulation method of battery charging according to claim 1, wherein the target evaluation index includes the time-consuming index, and the first evaluation score includes a third index score corresponding to the time-consuming index;

determining a second difference between the battery state of charge corresponding to the candidate state of charge and the battery state of charge corresponding to the current state of charge;

determining an average value between the first charging current and a current charging current of the battery in the current state of charge;

the third indicator score is determined based on a ratio between the second difference and the average.

5. The simulation method of battery charging according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the charging constraint includes a respective corresponding maximum charging current of the battery in each of the charging states; the method further comprises the steps of:

performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain maximum charging currents which respectively correspond to the battery in at least two first charging states and meet charging boundary conditions;

And carrying out interpolation processing on the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the batteries in at least two first charging states to obtain the maximum charging currents respectively corresponding to the batteries in each charging state in the charging state space.

6. The method of simulating battery charging according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein prior to determining at least one candidate state of charge reachable by the battery at the current state of charge in the slave battery state of charge space, the method further comprises:

performing discretization processing on a preset state of charge interval according to a first discrete step length to obtain a group of discretized battery states of charge;

performing discretization processing on a preset temperature interval according to a second discrete step length to obtain a group of battery temperatures after discretization;

the state of charge space is established based on the discretized set of battery states of charge and the discretized set of battery temperatures.

7. The simulation method of battery charging according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determining a charging current interval required for the battery to reach each of the candidate charge states from the present charge state, respectively, comprises:

And performing thermal performance simulation on the battery to obtain charging current intervals required by the battery to reach each candidate charging state from the current charging state.

8. The simulation method of battery charging according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the method further comprises:

and taking the next charging state as the new current charging state under the condition that the charging state of the battery corresponding to the next charging state does not reach the target charging state of the battery.

9. The simulation method of battery charging according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery has an initial state of charge; the method further comprises the steps of:

and determining a charging state track of the battery based on the initial charging state, each next charging state selected by taking the initial charging state as the first current charging state and the next charging current adopted for reaching each next charging state respectively.

10. A battery charging simulation apparatus, comprising:

a third determining module, configured to determine that the simulation of the battery charging process is completed when the battery state of charge corresponding to the next state of charge reaches the target battery state of charge corresponding to the target state of charge;

the selecting module is further configured to: selecting a first charging current from a safe charging current interval corresponding to each candidate charging state according to each candidate charging state, and evaluating a process of enabling the battery to reach the candidate charging state from the current charging state by adopting the first charging current based on the target evaluation index to obtain a first evaluation score corresponding to the candidate charging state; determining the next charging state from the candidate charging states based on first evaluation scores corresponding to the candidate charging states respectively, and determining a first charging current corresponding to the next charging state as the next charging current;

The selecting module is further configured to: selecting the first charging current from the safe charging current interval corresponding to the candidate charging state according to a target selection strategy, wherein the selection target of the target selection strategy is as follows: optimizing a second evaluation score obtained by evaluating a process of bringing the battery from the present state of charge to the candidate state of charge by using the first charging current, based on the target evaluation index;

11. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 9 when the program is executed.

12. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.