CN117455210B - Comprehensive energy system scheduling method, system, medium and equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive energy system dispatching method, a system, a medium and equipment, which belong to the technical field of comprehensive energy system dispatching optimization, wherein the scheme is that an energy concentrator is arranged to realize conversion among electric, gas and heat energy sources on the basis of supplying energy to a comprehensive energy system, so that the problem of poor energy coupling of the traditional comprehensive energy system is solved; the price excitation is adopted to limit the output of the high-carbon discharge unit of the system by adding a stepped carbon transaction mechanism, so that the low-carbon operation of the system is facilitated; the real-time price type demand response mechanism considering the electricity price-electricity quantity, the gas price-gas quantity self-elasticity price and the gas quantity-electricity price, the electricity quantity-gas price cross-elasticity price is added into the comprehensive energy system, so that peak clipping and valley filling of various loads are facilitated, and the comprehensive energy system can be operated more economically.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive energy system scheduling optimization, and particularly relates to a comprehensive energy system scheduling method, a comprehensive energy system scheduling system, a comprehensive energy system scheduling medium and comprehensive energy system scheduling equipment.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The comprehensive energy system can coordinate and optimize links such as energy transmission, conversion, storage, utilization and the like, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved, however, the inventor discovers that the following problems still exist in the implementation, management and scheduling of the existing comprehensive energy system: the operation of each energy source is relatively independent, and the coupling advantage between different energy sources can not be fully exerted; most of the existing comprehensive energy systems only aim at reducing the running cost, and the consideration of the carbon emission of the system is absent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a comprehensive energy system scheduling method, a system, a medium and equipment, wherein the scheme is that the energy concentrator is arranged to realize conversion among electric, gas and heat energy sources on the basis of supplying energy to a comprehensive energy system, so that the problem of poor energy coupling of the traditional comprehensive energy system is effectively solved; the price excitation is adopted to limit the output of the high-carbon discharge unit of the system by introducing a stepped carbon transaction mechanism, so that the low-carbon operation of the system is facilitated; the real-time price type demand response mechanism which considers the electricity price-electricity quantity, the gas price-gas quantity self-elasticity price and the gas price-electricity price-gas price cross-elasticity price is added into the comprehensive energy system in consideration of the characteristic that the electricity and the natural gas can be complementary energy sources when the energy is supplied, so that peak clipping and valley filling of various loads are facilitated, and the comprehensive energy system can be operated more economically; based on the arrangement, the carbon emission of the comprehensive energy system and the energy consumption cost of the comprehensive energy system can be effectively reduced.
According to a first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a comprehensive energy system scheduling method, including:
constructing a comprehensive energy system operation model based on equipment construction of the comprehensive energy system, wherein the comprehensive energy system operation model comprises an internal working model of the comprehensive energy system comprising an energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
based on the constructed comprehensive energy system operation model, an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system is built; the running cost objective function comprises basic running cost, wind and light discarding cost, stepped carbon transaction cost and energy purchasing cost of an upper power grid and an air grid;
based on the real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model, taking the minimum peak-valley difference of the electric and gas load of the operation of the comprehensive energy system as a target, adopting a multi-target particle swarm algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight to optimize and solve the electric price and gas price when the comprehensive energy system is operated, and obtaining the real-time optimal electric price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system; and based on the obtained optimal electricity price and gas price, optimizing and solving an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system with the aim of minimizing the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system, thereby obtaining the optimal output of each equipment set of the comprehensive energy system.
Further, the stepped carbon transaction mechanism model is based on a plurality of divided carbon emission intervals, and according to the increase of carbon emission quotas required to be purchased by the comprehensive energy system, the purchase price of the carbon emission quotas in the corresponding interval is improved by adopting a stepped carbon transaction cost calculation strategy, so that the output limit of a high-carbon emission unit in the comprehensive energy system is realized.
Further, the real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model is based on the characteristic that electric energy and natural gas can be complementary energy when being supplied with energy, and the self-elasticity price of electricity price and electric quantity, gas price and gas quantity and the cross-elasticity price of gas price and electricity price, electric quantity and gas price are considered in the comprehensive energy system.
Further, the multi-target particle swarm algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight is adopted, the inertia weight larger than a preset threshold value is set at the initial stage of operation to enhance the global searching capability of the optimal solution, and the inertia weight smaller than the preset threshold value is set at the later stage of operation to enhance the local searching capability of the optimal solution.
Furthermore, the comprehensive energy system provides the needed electric energy, heat energy and natural gas based on the thermal power generating unit, the heat supply network and the gas network, and the conversion among the electric energy, the gas and the heat energy is realized on the basis of supplying energy to the comprehensive energy system through the energy hubs corresponding to all the devices of the comprehensive energy system.
Further, the equipment components of the comprehensive energy system comprise a wind turbine generator, a photovoltaic unit, an electricity-to-natural gas unit, a gas boiler, a gas-heat cogeneration unit, an electric boiler and energy hubs corresponding to the equipment, the energy hubs corresponding to the equipment are respectively connected with a power grid, a heat supply network and a gas network in the comprehensive energy system, and the energy hubs are used for realizing the coupling among electricity, gas and heat energy of the comprehensive energy system.
Furthermore, the optimization solution is carried out by taking the minimum comprehensive energy system running cost as a target, and the solution is carried out by adopting a CPLEX solver.
According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an integrated energy system scheduling system, including:
the system comprises an operation model construction unit, a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model, wherein the operation model construction unit is used for constructing a comprehensive energy system operation model based on equipment constitution of the comprehensive energy system, and the comprehensive energy system operation model comprises an internal operation model of the comprehensive energy system comprising an energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
the objective function construction unit is used for establishing an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system based on the constructed comprehensive energy system operation model; the running cost objective function comprises basic running cost, wind and light discarding cost, stepped carbon transaction cost and energy purchasing cost of an upper power grid and an air grid;
the optimization solving unit is used for optimizing and solving the electricity price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system when the comprehensive energy system is operated by adopting a multi-target particle swarm algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight based on the real-time price demand response mechanism operation model and with the minimum peak-valley difference of the operation electricity and gas load of the comprehensive energy system as a target, so as to obtain the real-time optimal electricity price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system; and based on the obtained optimal electricity price and gas price, optimizing and solving an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system with the aim of minimizing the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system, thereby obtaining the optimal output of each equipment set of the comprehensive energy system.
According to a third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored to run on the memory, where the processor implements the integrated energy system scheduling method when executing the program.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of integrated energy system scheduling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The scheme of the invention provides a comprehensive energy system scheduling method, a system, a medium and equipment, wherein the scheme realizes conversion among electric, gas and heat energy sources on the basis of supplying energy to a comprehensive energy system by installing an energy hub, so that the problem of poor energy coupling of the traditional comprehensive energy system is effectively solved; the price excitation is adopted to limit the output of the high-carbon discharge unit of the system by introducing a stepped carbon transaction mechanism, so that the low-carbon operation of the system is facilitated; the real-time price type demand response mechanism which considers the electricity price-electricity quantity, the gas price-gas quantity self-elasticity price and the gas price-electricity price-gas price cross-elasticity price is added into the comprehensive energy system in consideration of the characteristic that the electricity and the natural gas can be complementary energy sources when the energy is supplied, so that peak clipping and valley filling of various loads are facilitated, and the comprehensive energy system can be operated more economically; based on the arrangement, the carbon emission of the comprehensive energy system and the energy consumption cost of the comprehensive energy system can be effectively reduced.
(2) According to the scheme, the multi-target particle swarm algorithm with linearly decreasing inertia weight is adopted to optimize the electricity price and the gas price when the comprehensive energy system operates, so that the real-time optimal electricity price and the real-time optimal gas price of the comprehensive energy are obtained; in the later stage of operation, the inertia weight is reduced, the local searching capability of the optimal solution is enhanced, the optimal solution can be locked more possibly, and further the rationality of the comprehensive energy system dispatching is effectively ensured.
Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for scheduling an integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of a comprehensive energy system scheduling method in a comprehensive energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Embodiment one:
the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a comprehensive energy system scheduling method.
As shown in fig. 1, a comprehensive energy system scheduling method includes:
constructing a comprehensive energy system operation model based on equipment construction of the comprehensive energy system, wherein the comprehensive energy system operation model comprises an internal working model of the comprehensive energy system comprising an energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
based on the constructed comprehensive energy system operation model, an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system is built; the running cost objective function comprises basic running cost, wind and light discarding cost, stepped carbon transaction cost and energy purchasing cost of an upper power grid and an air grid;
based on the real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model, taking the minimum peak-valley difference of the electric and gas load of the operation of the comprehensive energy system as a target, adopting a multi-target particle swarm algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight to optimize and solve the electric price and gas price when the comprehensive energy system is operated, and obtaining the real-time optimal electric price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system; and based on the obtained optimal electricity price and gas price, optimizing and solving an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system with the aim of minimizing the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system, thereby obtaining the optimal output of each equipment set of the comprehensive energy system.
In specific implementation, the stepped carbon transaction mechanism model is based on a plurality of divided carbon emission intervals, and according to the increase of carbon emission quotas required to be purchased by the comprehensive energy system, the purchase price of the carbon emission quotas in the corresponding interval is improved by adopting a stepped carbon transaction cost calculation strategy, so that the output limit of a high-carbon-emission unit in the comprehensive energy system is realized.
In a specific implementation, the real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model is based on the characteristic that electric energy and natural gas can be complementary energy when being supplied with energy, and the self-elasticity price of electricity price and electric quantity, gas price and gas quantity and the cross-elasticity price of gas price and electricity price, electric quantity and gas price are considered in the comprehensive energy system.
In a specific implementation, the multi-target particle swarm algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight is adopted, a large inertia weight is set at the initial stage of operation to enhance the global searching capability of the optimal solution, and a small inertia weight is set at the later stage of operation to enhance the local searching capability of the optimal solution.
In specific implementation, the comprehensive energy system provides the needed electric energy, heat energy and natural gas based on a thermal power generating unit, a heat supply network and a gas network, and the conversion among the electric energy, the gas and the heat energy is realized on the basis of supplying energy to the comprehensive energy system through the energy hubs corresponding to all the devices of the comprehensive energy system.
In specific implementation, the equipment components of the comprehensive energy system comprise a wind turbine generator, a photovoltaic unit, an electric conversion natural gas unit, a gas boiler, a gas-heat cogeneration unit, an electric boiler and energy hubs corresponding to the equipment, the energy hubs corresponding to the equipment are respectively connected with a power grid, a heat supply network and a gas network in the comprehensive energy system, and the coupling among electricity, gas and heat energy of the comprehensive energy system is realized through the energy hubs.
In specific implementation, the optimization solution is carried out by taking the minimum operation cost of the comprehensive energy system as a target, and the solution is carried out by adopting a CPLEX solver.
In particular, for easy understanding, the following detailed description of the embodiments will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the comprehensive energy system dispatching method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishing an internal working model of a comprehensive energy system containing an energy hub;
the problems that various energy sources are relatively independent in operation and poor in coupling performance of the comprehensive energy source system are considered, an energy source concentrator comprising a wind turbine generator, a photovoltaic unit, an electric conversion natural gas unit, a gas boiler, a gas cogeneration unit and electric boiler equipment is arranged in the comprehensive energy source system, the energy source concentrator is respectively connected with a power grid, a heat supply network and a gas network in the comprehensive energy source system, the electric conversion natural gas equipment in the energy source concentrator converts electric energy generated in wind power and photovoltaic and power grid energy into natural gas to supply gas load, the gas boiler consumes natural gas to supply heat, the gas cogeneration unit consumes natural gas to supply gas and heat for the system, and the electric boiler equipment consumes electric energy to supply heat, so that the energy source concentrator comprehensively and uniformly manages various multi-energy coupling equipment, and the coupling among the electricity, gas and heat energy sources of the comprehensive energy source system is realized. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an application of a comprehensive energy system scheduling method in a comprehensive energy system.
Specifically, an energy concentrator comprising a wind turbine generator, a photovoltaic unit, an electric conversion natural gas unit, a gas boiler, a gas cogeneration unit and an electric boiler is arranged in the comprehensive energy system, and the model construction process is as follows:
1) The building of the internal working model of the comprehensive energy system comprising the energy hub comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of installing an energy concentrator in a comprehensive energy system, wherein the energy concentrator comprises a wind turbine generator, a photovoltaic turbine generator, an electric conversion natural gas turbine generator, a gas boiler, a gas cogeneration unit and an energy concentrator of electric boiler equipment;
2) By the formulaCalculating to obtain the output power of the wind turbine generator>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In->For air density->Is the cross-sectional area of the fan blade>For the power coefficient of the wind turbine generator system, < >>For wind speed>For standard wind speed>For the minimum wind speed of the wind turbine, +.>The maximum wind speed for the wind turbine generator set;
3) The output power of the photovoltaic unit is obtained through the following calculation；
In the middle ofMaximum test power under standard test conditions for photovoltaic units, < >>For the radiation quantity under standard test conditions, +.>Is the temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module, +.>For the actual temperature of the photovoltaic unit, +.>For the reference temperature of the photovoltaic unit, +.>For the number of series connections of the photovoltaic cells, < >>The number of parallel connection of the photovoltaic unit batteries;
4) By the formula;/>Calculating to obtain the energy value generated by the electric conversion natural gas unit at the moment t>And volume value->In the formula->To be the conversion efficiency coefficient of the electric conversion natural gas set>For the electric energy consumed in the working process of the electric converting gas unit, < >>Is natural gas with high heat value;
5) By the formulaCalculating to obtain the heat generating power of the gas boiler>In the formula->For the heat production efficiency of the gas boiler, +.>The gas consumption power of the gas boiler;
6) Through the maleAnd；/>Calculating to obtain the power supply output of the fuel gas cogeneration unit at the moment t>Power supply output->In the formula->For the natural gas quantity consumed by the gas cogeneration unit at the moment t,/-for>And->Respectively the power generation efficiency and the heat dissipation loss coefficient of the fuel gas cogeneration unit in t time period>Is the heating coefficient;
7) By the formulaCalculating the output thermal power of the electric boiler at time t>In the formula->For the electric-thermal energy conversion efficiency of an electric boiler plant,/->The power is input for the electric energy required by the electric boiler equipment at the moment t.
(2) Establishing a comprehensive energy system operation model participated in a stepped carbon transaction mechanism, which is called as a stepped carbon transaction mechanism model in the following;
the carbon trade mechanism is to establish legal carbon emission rights and allow the manufacturer to trade the carbon emission rights to the market so as to control the carbon emission. Compared with the traditional carbon transaction pricing mechanism, the stepped carbon transaction pricing mechanism divides a plurality of purchasing intervals, and the purchasing price of the corresponding interval is higher as the carbon emission quota to be purchased is more, so that the output of a high carbon emission unit in the comprehensive energy system is further limited, and the low carbon performance of the operation of the comprehensive energy system is improved.
Specifically, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism is introduced into the comprehensive energy system, and the construction of a stepped carbon transaction mechanism model is specifically as follows:
1) By the formula；/>；/>；/>Calculating to obtain gratuitous carbon emission quota of thermal power generating unit, gas boiler and gas cogeneration unit>、/>、/>、/>In the formula->For the conventional machine set, the following is added>Carbon emission quota per unit of generated energy->Carbon emission quota per heat supply unit +.>Generating capacity of a single conventional unit +.>The heat supply amount of the heat supply unit is;
2) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain the actual carbon emission of the system>CO absorbed by electricity-to-natural gas equipment 2 The amount, formula->Is carbon capture coefficient, +.>Active power consumed for electricity to natural gas equipment;
3) By the following method
Linearizing the actual carbon emission to obtain the stepped carbon trade costIn the formula->For the basic price of carbon trade, < > for>Penalty factor for stepwise carbon trade, +.>Compensation coefficient for stepwise carbon trade, +.>For the interval length of the carbon emissions,E q carbon emission quota for each generator set of the system.
(3) Establishing a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
real-time price type demand responses include price types that represent price-guided shifts in the same type of energy demand between different points in time and substitution types that represent complementary substitution effects of different energy demands at points in time. When the real-time price demand response mechanism is implemented, economic incentives or price incentives of the real-time price demand response mechanism cause the energy consumption cost of the user to change, thereby further converting the real-time price demand response mechanism into economic benefits. When the benefit has sufficient attraction, the user side spontaneously changes the power utilization mode and responds based on the real-time electricity price. Thereby improving the energy economy of the comprehensive energy system.
Specifically, a real-time price type demand response mechanism is introduced into the comprehensive energy system, and the construction of a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model is specifically as follows:
1) By the formula；/>；/>；Representing the balance relation among real-time electricity price, real-time gas price and electric and pneumatic power, wherein +.>Is a time-sharing electricity price change rate matrix, +.>Time-sharing price change rate matrix for selling natural gas to user side for system, < ->Is an electric quantity-electricity price self-elastic matrix, +.>Elastic matrix of air quantity-electricity price cross price, < ->Is a gas quantity-gas price self-elastic matrix, +.>Elastic matrix with elasticity coefficient of electric quantity-air price cross price>The influence of the current electric energy price change on the same electric energy demand in the period is shown, and the elasticity coefficient is +.>The influence of the current electric energy price on the electric energy demand in different time periods in the day is represented, and the elasticity coefficient is +.>The influence of the current electric energy price on the natural gas demand in the period is represented, and the natural gas is the same;
2) By the formula；/>Calculating the price type power load change after the demand response is implemented>Price type natural gas load variation after demand response implementation +.>In the formula->The self-elastic response rate matrix is a price type electric load electric quantity-electric price self-elastic response rate matrix; />Is a price type electric load capacity-electricity price mutual elasticity response rate matrix>Price type electric load gas quantity-gas price self-elasticity response rate matrix>Is a price type electric load electric quantity-air price mutual elasticity response rate matrix>Is a transfer matrix from the air network node to the power network node,the transfer matrix from the power grid node to the air grid node is adopted;
3) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain the price type power load demand before response>Responsive to post-price electrical load demand +.>In the formula->Is an inelastic basic requirement +.>Is different from the same energy sourceElectric price-electric quantity time-sharing self-elastic response load with time interval mutual transfer +.>For the gas quantity-electricity price, the electric quantity-gas price mutual elasticity response load which is transferred according to the relative price change in the same period of different energy sources, +.>Price type power load change after implementation for demand response;
4) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain price type natural gas load demand before response>And price type natural gas load demand after response +.>In the formula->Is an inelastic basic requirement +.>Self-elastic response load of electricity price-electricity quantity time-sharing for mutual transfer of different periods of the same energy source,/-), and>for the gas quantity-electricity price, the electric quantity-gas price mutual elasticity response load which is transferred according to the relative price change in the same period of different energy sources, +.>Price type natural gas load change after the implementation of demand response.
(4) Calculating the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system according to an internal working model of the comprehensive energy system comprising the energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism operation model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
specifically, in order to verify that the method has the effects of reducing the system operation cost and reducing the system carbon emission, the embodiment introduces a method for calculating the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system, wherein the calculation of the operation cost specifically comprises the following steps:
1) By the formulaCalculating the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system>(i.e., basic operation cost), wherein T represents the number of scheduling periods included in one scheduling period,/->Representing a set of coal-fired generators within an electrical power system, +.>、/>And->Representing the cost coefficient of the ith coal-fired generator unit, < ->Indicating the generated output of the ith coal-fired generator set in the period t, < >>Representing the air source set in the network, +.>Represents the j-th natural gas source cost coefficient, < >>Representing the natural gas output of the jth natural gas source during the t period;
2) General purpose medicineOverformulaCalculated wind and light discarding cost reaching comprehensive energy systemWherein->Punishment coefficient for wind and light abandoning, +.>、/>Wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation>、/>The actual consumption of wind power and photovoltaic power is realized;
3) By the formula:
calculating to obtain the stepped carbon transaction cost；
4) By the formula；/>；/>Calculating the energy purchasing cost of the comprehensive energy system>Comprising a comprehensive energy system for generating electricity to the upper levelCost of purchasing energy by net and air net>、/>. Wherein,for the comprehensive energy system to purchase electric quantity to the upper electric network, < >>The air quantity is purchased to the upper air network for the comprehensive energy system, < > in->For real-time electricity price->Is the real-time gas price;
5) By the formulaCalculating the total running cost of the comprehensive energy system>。
(5) Optimizing and solving, wherein the optimizing and solving comprises upper layer optimization and lower layer optimization, and the method comprises the following steps:
the upper layer optimization, the model adopts a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model, load data, electricity price, gas price and price elastic matrix are input, the system operation electricity and gas load peak-valley difference is taken as the target, and the electricity price and gas price during the operation of the comprehensive energy system are optimized by adopting a multi-target particle swarm algorithm with linearly decreasing inertia weight, so that the real-time optimal electricity price, gas price and user load curve of the comprehensive energy are obtained; the multi-target particle swarm algorithm with linearly decreasing inertia weight is an existing algorithm, and specific processing steps thereof are not described herein.
The lower layer optimization, wherein the model adopts the construction of the total operation cost of the comprehensive energy system by using the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system, the waste wind and waste light cost, the stepwise carbon transaction cost and the energy purchasing cost, the operation data of all devices in the comprehensive energy system are input, the total operation cost of the comprehensive energy system is taken as the minimum target, and a CPLEX solver is adopted to optimize the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system, so that the optimal operation cost of the comprehensive energy system is obtained; compared with a multi-target particle swarm optimization algorithm, the multi-target particle swarm optimization algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight has the advantages that in the initial operation stage, the inertia weight value is large, global searching capacity for an optimal solution is enhanced, the space of the solution can be traversed more possibly, the situation that the solution falls into a local optimal solution is avoided, in the later operation stage, the inertia weight is reduced, the local searching capacity for the optimal solution is enhanced, and the optimal solution can be locked more possibly.
In a specific implementation, the optimization process of the upper layer optimization is as follows: firstly, setting maximum iteration times and particle quantity, setting initial inertia weight and particle swarm value range, initializing particle swarm positions and particle swarm velocities, calculating adaptive value vectors of all current particles, historical optimal values and corresponding positions of all particles, obtaining global optimal fitness and optimal positions thereof, and continuously updating the velocities and weights until an optimal solution is found. And after optimization, obtaining the real-time electricity price and the real-time gas price of the optimal operation cost of the comprehensive energy system.
(6) And distributing the optimal output of each unit of the comprehensive energy system according to the final optimization result.
Embodiment two:
the embodiment aims to provide an integrated energy system scheduling system.
An integrated energy system scheduling system, comprising:
the system comprises an operation model construction unit, a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model, wherein the operation model construction unit is used for constructing a comprehensive energy system operation model based on equipment constitution of the comprehensive energy system, and the comprehensive energy system operation model comprises an internal operation model of the comprehensive energy system comprising an energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
the objective function construction unit is used for establishing an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system based on the constructed comprehensive energy system operation model; the running cost objective function comprises basic running cost, wind and light discarding cost, stepped carbon transaction cost and energy purchasing cost of an upper power grid and an air grid;
the optimization solving unit is used for optimizing and solving the electricity price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system when the comprehensive energy system is operated by adopting a multi-target particle swarm algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight based on the real-time price demand response mechanism operation model and with the minimum peak-valley difference of the operation electricity and gas load of the comprehensive energy system as a target, so as to obtain the real-time optimal electricity price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system; and based on the obtained optimal electricity price and gas price, optimizing and solving an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system with the aim of minimizing the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system, thereby obtaining the optimal output of each equipment set of the comprehensive energy system.
Further, the system in this embodiment corresponds to the method in the first embodiment, and the technical details thereof have been described in the first embodiment, so that the description thereof is omitted herein.
Embodiment III:
an object of the present embodiment is to provide an electronic apparatus.
An electronic device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored and run on the memory, wherein the processor realizes the comprehensive energy system scheduling method when executing the program.
Embodiment four:
it is an object of the present embodiment to provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.
A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the method of integrated energy system scheduling.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The comprehensive energy system scheduling method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
constructing a comprehensive energy system operation model based on equipment construction of the comprehensive energy system, wherein the comprehensive energy system operation model comprises an internal working model of the comprehensive energy system comprising an energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
based on the constructed comprehensive energy system operation model, an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system is built; the running cost objective function comprises basic running cost, wind and light discarding cost, stepped carbon transaction cost and energy purchasing cost of an upper power grid and an air grid;
based on the real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model, taking the minimum peak-valley difference of the electric and gas load of the operation of the comprehensive energy system as a target, adopting a multi-target particle swarm algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight to optimize and solve the electric price and gas price when the comprehensive energy system is operated, and obtaining the real-time optimal electric price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system; based on the obtained optimal electricity price and gas price, optimizing and solving an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system by taking the operation cost of the minimized comprehensive energy system as a target to obtain the optimal output of each equipment unit of the comprehensive energy system;
the construction of the stepwise carbon transaction mechanism model is specifically as follows:
1) By the formula；/>；/>；/>Calculation ofObtaining gratuitous carbon emission quota of the thermal power unit, the gas boiler and the gas cogeneration unit>、/>、/>、/>In the formula->For the conventional machine set, the following is added>Carbon emission quota per unit of generated energy->Carbon emission quota per heat supply unit +.>Generating capacity of a single conventional unit +.>The heat supply amount of the heat supply unit is;
2) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain the actual carbon emission of the system>CO absorbed by electricity-to-natural gas equipment 2 The amount, formula->Is carbon capture coefficient, +.>Active power consumed for electricity to natural gas equipment;
3) By the following method
Linearizing the actual carbon emission to obtain the stepped carbon trade costIn the formula->For the base price of the carbon trade,penalty factor for stepwise carbon trade, +.>Compensation coefficient for stepwise carbon trade, +.>For the interval length of the carbon emissions,E q carbon emission quota for each generator set of the system;
the real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model is constructed specifically as follows:
1) By the formula；/>；/>；Representing the balance relation among real-time electricity price, real-time gas price and electric and pneumatic power, wherein +.>Is a time-sharing electricity price change rate matrix, +.>Time-sharing price change rate matrix for selling natural gas to user side for system, < ->Is an electric quantity-electricity price self-elastic matrix, +.>Elastic matrix of air quantity-electricity price cross price, < ->Is a gas quantity-gas price self-elastic matrix, +.>Elastic matrix with elasticity coefficient of electric quantity-air price cross price>The influence of the current electric energy price change on the same electric energy demand in the period is shown, and the elasticity coefficient is +.>The influence of the current electric energy price on the electric energy demand in different time periods in the day is represented, and the elasticity coefficient is +.>The influence of the current electric energy price on the natural gas demand in the period is represented, and the natural gas is the same;
2) By passing throughFormula (VI)；/>Calculating the price type power load change after the demand response is implemented>Price type natural gas load variation after demand response implementation +.>In the formula->The self-elastic response rate matrix is a price type electric load electric quantity-electric price self-elastic response rate matrix; />Is a price type electric load capacity-electricity price mutual elasticity response rate matrix>Price type electric load gas quantity-gas price self-elasticity response rate matrix>Is a price type electric load electric quantity-air price mutual elasticity response rate matrix>Is a transfer matrix from the air network node to the power network node,the transfer matrix from the power grid node to the air grid node is adopted;
3) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain price type power load demand before responseResponsive to post-price electrical load demand +.>In the formula->Is an inelastic basic requirement +.>Self-elastic response load of electricity price-electricity quantity time-sharing for mutual transfer of different periods of the same energy source,/-), and>for the gas quantity-electricity price, the electric quantity-gas price mutual elasticity response load which is transferred according to the relative price change in the same period of different energy sources, +.>Price type power load change after implementation for demand response;
4) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain price type natural gas load demand before response>And price type natural gas load demand after response +.>In the formula->Is an inelastic basic requirement +.>Self-elastic response load of electricity price-electricity quantity time-sharing for mutual transfer of different periods of the same energy source,/-), and>for the gas quantity-electricity price, the electric quantity-gas price mutual elasticity response load which is transferred according to the relative price change in the same period of different energy sources, +.>Price type natural gas load change after the implementation of demand response;
calculating the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system according to an internal working model of the comprehensive energy system comprising the energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism operation model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
specifically, the calculation of the running cost is specifically as follows:
1) By the formulaCalculating the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system>I.e. the basic running cost, where T represents the number of scheduling periods included in one scheduling period,/o->Representing a set of coal-fired generators within an electrical power system, +.>、/>And->Representing the cost coefficient of the ith coal-fired generator unit, < ->Indicating the generated output of the ith coal-fired generator set in the period t, < >>Representing the air source set in the network, +.>Represents the j-th natural gas source cost coefficient, < >>Representing the natural gas output of the jth natural gas source during the t period;
2) By the formulaCalculated wind and light discarding cost of comprehensive energy system>Wherein->Punishment coefficient for wind and light abandoning, +.>、/>Wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation>、/>The actual consumption of wind power and photovoltaic power is realized;
3) By the formula:
calculating to obtain the stepped carbon transaction cost；
4) By the formula；/>；/>Calculating the energy purchasing cost of the comprehensive energy system>The comprehensive energy system comprises the cost of purchasing energy to a higher power grid and an air network>、/>. Wherein (1)>For the comprehensive energy system to purchase electric quantity to the upper electric network, < >>The air quantity is purchased to the upper air network for the comprehensive energy system, < > in->For real-time electricity price->Is the real-time gas price;
5) By the formulaCalculating the total running cost of the comprehensive energy system>。
2. The comprehensive energy system scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein the stepwise carbon transaction mechanism model is based on a plurality of divided carbon emission intervals, and increases the carbon emission allowance required to be purchased by the comprehensive energy system, and the price purchasing of the carbon emission allowance of the corresponding interval is improved by adopting a stepwise carbon transaction cost calculation strategy, so that the output limit of a high carbon emission unit in the comprehensive energy system is realized.
3. The method for dispatching comprehensive energy system according to claim 1, wherein the real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model is based on the characteristic that electric energy and natural gas can be complementary energy when being supplied with energy, and the real-time price type demand response mechanism of self-elasticity price of electricity price and electric quantity, gas price and gas quantity and cross-elasticity price of gas price and electricity price, electric quantity and gas price is considered in the comprehensive energy system.
4. The method for scheduling an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm based on linearly decreasing inertial weights is adopted, the inertial weights larger than a preset threshold are set at the initial stage of operation to enhance global searching capability for an optimal solution, and the inertial weights smaller than the preset threshold are set at the later stage of operation to enhance local searching capability for the optimal solution.
5. The comprehensive energy system scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive energy system provides required electric energy, heat energy and natural gas based on a thermal power generating unit, a heat supply network and a gas network, and conversion among electric energy, gas and heat energy is achieved on the basis of supplying energy to the comprehensive energy system through an energy concentrator corresponding to each device of the comprehensive energy system.
6. The method for dispatching the comprehensive energy system according to claim 1, wherein the equipment components of the comprehensive energy system comprise wind power generation sets, photovoltaic units, electric conversion natural gas units, gas boilers, gas cogeneration units, electric boilers and energy hubs corresponding to the equipment, the energy hubs corresponding to the equipment are respectively connected with a power grid, a heat supply network and a gas network in the comprehensive energy system, and the coupling among electricity, gas and heat energy of the comprehensive energy system is realized through the energy hubs.
7. The method for scheduling an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein the optimization solution is performed with the objective of minimizing the running cost of the integrated energy system, and in particular, the solution is performed by using a CPLEX solver.
8. An integrated energy system dispatch system, comprising:
the system comprises an operation model construction unit, a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model, wherein the operation model construction unit is used for constructing a comprehensive energy system operation model based on equipment constitution of the comprehensive energy system, and the comprehensive energy system operation model comprises an internal operation model of the comprehensive energy system comprising an energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
the objective function construction unit is used for establishing an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system based on the constructed comprehensive energy system operation model; the running cost objective function comprises basic running cost, wind and light discarding cost, stepped carbon transaction cost and energy purchasing cost of an upper power grid and an air grid;
the optimization solving unit is used for optimizing and solving the electricity price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system when the comprehensive energy system is operated by adopting a multi-target particle swarm algorithm based on linear decreasing inertia weight based on the real-time price demand response mechanism operation model and with the minimum peak-valley difference of the operation electricity and gas load of the comprehensive energy system as a target, so as to obtain the real-time optimal electricity price and gas price of the comprehensive energy system; based on the obtained optimal electricity price and gas price, optimizing and solving an operation cost objective function of the comprehensive energy system by taking the operation cost of the minimized comprehensive energy system as a target to obtain the optimal output of each equipment unit of the comprehensive energy system;
the construction of the stepwise carbon transaction mechanism model is specifically as follows:
1) By the formula；/>；/>；/>Calculating to obtain gratuitous carbon emission quota of thermal power generating unit, gas boiler and gas cogeneration unit>、/>、/>、/>In the formula->For the conventional machine set, the following is added>In units ofElectric energy generation carbon emission quota->Carbon emission quota per heat supply unit +.>Generating capacity of a single conventional unit +.>The heat supply amount of the heat supply unit is;
2) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain the actual carbon emission of the system>CO absorbed by electricity-to-natural gas equipment 2 The amount, formula->Is carbon capture coefficient, +.>Active power consumed for electricity to natural gas equipment;
3) By the following method
Linearizing the actual carbon emission to obtain the stepped carbon trade costIn the formula->For the base price of the carbon trade,penalty factor for stepwise carbon trade, +.>Compensation coefficient for stepwise carbon trade, +.>For the interval length of the carbon emissions,E q carbon emission quota for each generator set of the system;
the real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model is constructed specifically as follows:
1) By the formula；/>；/>；Representing the balance relation among real-time electricity price, real-time gas price and electric and pneumatic power, wherein +.>Is a time-sharing electricity price change rate matrix, +.>Time-sharing price change rate matrix for selling natural gas to user side for system, < ->Is an electric quantity-electricity price self-elastic matrix, +.>Elastic matrix of air quantity-electricity price cross price, < ->Is a gas quantity-gas price self-elastic matrix, +.>Elastic matrix with elasticity coefficient of electric quantity-air price cross price>The influence of the current electric energy price change on the same electric energy demand in the period is shown, and the elasticity coefficient is +.>The influence of the current electric energy price on the electric energy demand in different time periods in the day is represented, and the elasticity coefficient is +.>The influence of the current electric energy price on the natural gas demand in the period is represented, and the natural gas is the same;
2) By the formula；
Calculating to obtain price type power load change after demand response is implementedPrice type natural gas load variation after demand response implementation +.>In the formula->Self-elastic response moment for price type electric load electric quantity-electric priceAn array; />Is a price type electric load capacity-electricity price mutual elasticity response rate matrix>Price type electric load gas quantity-gas price self-elasticity response rate matrix>Is a price type electric load electric quantity-gas price mutual elasticity response rate matrix,for the transfer matrix of the gas network node to the power network node, < >>The transfer matrix from the power grid node to the air grid node is adopted;
3) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain price type power load demand before responseResponsive to post-price electrical load demand +.>In the formula->Is an inelastic basic requirement +.>Self-elastic response load of electricity price-electricity quantity time-sharing for mutual transfer of different periods of the same energy source,/-), and>for the gas quantity-electricity price, the electric quantity-gas price mutual elasticity response load which is transferred according to the relative price change in the same period of different energy sources, +.>Price type power load change after implementation for demand response;
4) By the formula；/>Calculating to obtain price type natural gas load demand before response>And price type natural gas load demand after response +.>In the formula->Is an inelastic basic requirement +.>Self-elastic response load of electricity price-electricity quantity time-sharing for mutual transfer of different periods of the same energy source,/-), and>for the gas quantity-electricity price, the electric quantity-gas price mutual elasticity response load which is transferred according to the relative price change in the same period of different energy sources, +.>Price type natural gas load change after the implementation of demand response;
calculating the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system according to an internal working model of the comprehensive energy system comprising the energy hub, a stepped carbon transaction mechanism operation model and a real-time price type demand response mechanism operation model;
specifically, the calculation of the running cost is specifically as follows:
1) By the formulaCalculating the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system>I.e. the basic running cost, where T represents the number of scheduling periods included in one scheduling period,/o->Representing a set of coal-fired generators within an electrical power system, +.>、/>And->Representing the cost coefficient of the ith coal-fired generator unit, < ->Indicating the generated output of the ith coal-fired generator set in the period t, < >>Representing the air source set in the network, +.>Represents the j-th natural gas source cost coefficient, < >>Indicating that the jth natural gas source is at tNatural gas output of the section;
2) By the formulaCalculated wind and light discarding cost of comprehensive energy system>Wherein->Punishment coefficient for wind and light abandoning, +.>、/>Wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation>、/>The actual consumption of wind power and photovoltaic power is realized;
3) By the formula:
calculating to obtain the stepped carbon transaction cost；
4) By the formula；/>；/>Calculating the energy purchasing cost of the comprehensive energy system>The comprehensive energy system comprises the cost of purchasing energy to a higher power grid and an air network>、/>. Wherein (1)>For the comprehensive energy system to purchase electric quantity to the upper electric network, < >>The air quantity is purchased to the upper air network for the comprehensive energy system, < > in->For real-time electricity price->Is the real-time gas price;
5) By the formulaCalculating the total running cost of the comprehensive energy system>。
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored for execution on the memory, the processor implementing a method of integrated energy system scheduling according to any one of claims 1-7 when executing the program.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements an integrated energy system scheduling method according to any one of claims 1-7.
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