CN117454674A - Intelligent dynamic regulation and control method for real-time ecological flow of hydropower station - Google Patents
Intelligent dynamic regulation and control method for real-time ecological flow of hydropower station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydropower station real-time ecological flow intelligent dynamic regulation and control method, which comprises the steps of collecting basic data required by arranging the hydropower station intelligent real-time ecological flow regulation and control, starting to circularly solve, reducing dehydration scene and downstream water level to connect with real-time scheduling research and judgment, time period output constraint calculation, multi-objective scheduling ecological benefit, water supplementing benefit, power generation benefit index calculation, multi-objective optimization algorithm solution and the like, and can dynamically regulate the outlet flow according to upstream and downstream real-time water conditions on the premise of short-term water supply prediction and the like, so that the achievement of flow and water quantity combined targets is realized, and the maximization of the comprehensive scheduling benefit of the hydropower station is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrologic water resource analysis, in particular to a hydropower station real-time ecological flow intelligent dynamic regulation and control method which is suitable for hydropower stations with tail water under a dam affected by backwater of a downstream hydropower station.
Background
Most of built and built hydraulic engineering in China are provided with under-dam ecological flow indexes and under-section drainage indexes, the actual dispatching process of the power station is carried out in a daily water-average flow control drainage mode, but the under-dam water level of the hydropower station is not only related to the ex-warehouse flow, but also related to the backwater of a downstream hydropower station, and for the situation that the under-dam tail water is influenced by the backwater of the downstream hydropower station, the phenomenon of under-dam water reduction or dehydration is inevitably caused if only the daily water-average flow control drainage is adopted, and the ecological environment of a river channel at the downstream of a dam site is greatly influenced, so that the refined dispatching research is not deep enough at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a real-time ecological flow intelligent dynamic regulation method for a hydropower station, which is used for real-time studying and judging the connection relation between the corresponding water level of the lower discharge flow of the upper reservoir and the tail water level of the downstream reservoir, and carrying out ecological flow or ecological water quantity dispatching by a camera so as to clearly define the ecological benefit, the water supplementing benefit and the power generation benefit index of the hydropower station.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a hydropower station real-time ecological flow intelligent dynamic regulation and control method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, integrating basic data;
s2, starting cyclic solution, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting the water level at the initial timeReservoir capacity at initial momentInitial delivery flow；
Wherein,for scheduling time, unitsh；、The water level of the upstream water reservoir at the 1 st moment and the assumed initial water level are respectively expressed as a unit m;、upstream reservoir capacity and assumed initial reservoir capacity at time 1, unit m 3 ；、The unit m is the upstream water warehouse outlet flow at the 1 st moment and the assumed initial outlet flow respectively 3 /s；
S3, judging iteration duration, wherein the iteration duration is specifically as follows:
if it meetsThen；；Entering into the S4;
if it does not meetEntering into the S6, ending the circulation, and finishing the scheduling result;
wherein,the unit h is the total scheduling time;the water leakage amount is the water leakage amount when the scene is not connected; the unit is m 3 ；For the drainage in the scene, the unit is m 3 ；
S4, real-time scheduling of dehydration reducing scenes;
s5, downstream water level engagement scene scheduling;
s6, calculating a time period output constraint;
s7, calculating multi-target scheduling benefits;
and S8, solving the multi-objective optimization algorithm.
Further, the S4 specifically is:
if the corresponding water level of the leakage flow under the previous step meets，Calculating the water discharge amount when the scene is not connected by using the formula (1)Entering into the S6;
（1）；
if the corresponding water level of the leakage flow under the previous step is not satisfied，Entering into the S5;
wherein,is thatDelivery flow at scheduling timeCorresponding under-dam water level, unit m;the unit is m for the tail water level from the next step backwater to the dam site;is thatEcological flow at scheduling time in m 3 /s；Is thatDelivery flow at scheduling time, unit m 3 /s；The unit h is the time when the corresponding water level of the lower discharge flow of the upper reservoir is connected with the tail water level of the downstream reservoir;for the scheduling time interval, h is the unit.
Further, the step S5 specifically includes:
if it isThe water discharge amount when the scene is connectedThe calculation formula is (2), and the S5 is entered;
（2）；
if it is，Returning to the step S3;
wherein,the time for connecting the corresponding water level of the lower discharge flow of the upper reservoir with the tail water level of the downstream reservoirDischarge flow under dam site, unit m 3 /s。
Further, the step S6 specifically includes:
prediction of incoming water process by known schedule periodsInitial reservoir capacity value of reservoir period of hydropower stationAnd equation (3) to calculate the reservoirThe reservoir capacity value of the hydropower station at the dispatching moment in a reservoir period;
calculating the reservoir period water level value of the hydropower station according to the formula (4)：
Calculating the upstream and downstream head difference according to the formula (5)：
Calculating the time period output according to formula (6)：
（3）；
（4）；
（5）；
（6）；
Wherein,respectively 1 st, 2 nd,Hydropower station warehouse-in flow at scheduling moment, unit m 3 /s；For the total scheduling timeIs a hydropower station warehouse-in flow rate of unit m 3 /s； 、Respectively is、Hydropower station reservoir period reservoir capacity value at scheduling moment, unit m 3 ；、Setting water level storage capacity relation parameters for the water level;、respectively is、The water level value of the reservoir period of the hydropower station at the scheduling moment is in unit m;is thatThe head difference between the upstream and downstream of the scheduling time is in unit m;is thatTime period output at the scheduling moment, unit MW;is a force output coefficient, and is dimensionless;
judging whether the total drainage quantity and the time period output are satisfiedAnd is also provided with；
If yes, entering into the step S7;
if not, entering into the S5;
wherein,for the total expected water discharge amount of the water power station in the scheduling period, the unit is m 3 。
Further, the step S7 specifically includes:
calculating multi-target scheduling benefit of the hydropower station by adopting a formula (7), a formula (8) and a formula (9), and then entering into the step S8;
the multi-target scheduling benefit is specifically:
（7）；
（8）；
（9）；
wherein,the ecological flow closeness calculated when the dehydrated river reach exists downstream;for the total scheduling timeThe total internal water discharge amount exceeds the total expected water discharge amount of the hydropower stationMaximum value of (m) unit m 3 ； For the total scheduling timeMaximum value of power generation amount of internal water power station, and unit kW.h.
Further, the step S8 specifically includes: according to the objective function deduced in the S7，Andselecting a multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm to solve to obtain a non-dominant solution set meeting related requirements, and finally obtaining the multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm based on different biasThe flow rate and the corresponding objective function value are discharged time by time in time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the objective function optimization can be performed by a multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm compiled based on a windows system. On the premise of short-term incoming water prediction known, the hydropower station can dynamically regulate and control the delivery flow according to upstream and downstream real-time water conditions, a camera adopts a flow or water quantity scheduling mode according to the relation between the tail water level of the downstream hydropower station and the corresponding water level of the delivery flow of the hydropower station, the power generation benefit of the hydropower station is comprehensively raised on the basis of guaranteeing downstream ecological flow and lower water discharge, and a multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm is selected to calculate multi-objective scheduling ecological benefit, water supplementing benefit and power generation benefit indexes so as to meet non-dominant solution sets with different preference requirements for real-time scheduling reference.
The intelligent ecological flow regulation and control method provides a real-time scheduling technology for the connection of dewatering situations and downstream water level, a multi-objective scheduling ecological benefit, a water supplementing benefit, a power generation benefit index calculation technology, a multi-objective optimization algorithm solving technology and the like, and can be used for developing comprehensive scheduling research references meeting ecological flow, downstream water drainage and power generation requirements by combining upstream and downstream real-time water conditions of an established hydropower station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for intelligent dynamic regulation and control of real-time ecological flow of a hydropower station;
FIG. 2 is a dynamic studying and judging diagram of the connection relation between the tail water level of the hydropower station A and the backwater of the hydropower station B;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-objective solution set of ecological closeness, water discharge increment and generating capacity of the hydropower station A.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for intelligently and dynamically regulating real-time ecological flow of a hydropower station comprises the following steps:
s1, integrating basic data;
collecting and collecting characteristic parameters of hydropower station, such as water level storage capacity curve, expected output curve, flow relation of discharged water flow, etc., and predicting water supply process in known scheduling period；
The unit h is the total scheduling time;hydropower station warehouse-in flow at 1 st scheduling moment and 2 nd scheduling moment respectively, and unit m 3 /s；For the total scheduling timeIs a hydropower station warehouse-in flow rate of unit m 3 /s；
S2, starting cyclic solution, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting the water level at the initial timeReservoir capacity at initial momentInitial delivery flow；
Wherein,the unit h is the scheduling time;、the water level of the upstream water reservoir at the 1 st moment and the assumed initial water level are respectively expressed as a unit m;、upstream reservoir capacity and assumed initial reservoir capacity at time 1, unit m 3 ；、The unit m is the upstream water warehouse outlet flow at the 1 st moment and the assumed initial outlet flow respectively 3 /s；
S3, judging iteration duration, wherein the iteration duration is specifically as follows:
if it meetsThen；；Entering into the S4;
if it does not meetEntering into the S6, ending the circulation, and finishing the scheduling result;
wherein,the unit h is the total scheduling time;the water leakage amount is the water leakage amount when the scene is not connected; the unit is m 3 ；For the drainage in the scene, the unit is m 3 ；
S4, real-time scheduling of dehydration reducing scenes;
s5, downstream water level engagement scene scheduling;
s6, calculating a time period output constraint;
fitting the hydropower station reservoir period water level to the scheduling requirement,thereby the reservoir capacity value of the hydropower station in the reservoir periodReflecting the water level value of the reservoir period of the hydropower stationAnd (3) facilitating the development of scheduling.
S7, calculating multi-target scheduling benefits;
respectively adopting ecological flow closeness calculated when downstream dewatering-reducing river reach to the multi-target scheduling benefit in the scheduling processTotal scheduling timeThe total internal water discharge amount exceeds the total expected water discharge amount of the hydropower stationMaximum value of (2)Total scheduling timeMaximum value of power generation amount of internal water power stationIt is clear that support is provided for the development of the multi-objective schedule in S8.
And S8, solving the multi-objective optimization algorithm.
The step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
if the corresponding water level of the leakage flow under the previous step meetsIndicating that the corresponding water level of the lower discharge flow of the upper reservoir is not connected with the water level of the tail of the downstream reservoir,calculating the water discharge amount when the scene is not connected by using the formula (1)Entering into the S6;
（1）；
if the corresponding water level of the leakage flow under the previous step is not satisfied，Entering into the S5;
wherein,is thatDelivery flow at scheduling timeCorresponding under-dam water level, unit m;the unit is m for the tail water level from the next step backwater to the dam site;is thatAt the time of schedulingThe carved ecological flow is expressed as m 3 /s；Is thatDelivery flow at scheduling time, unit m 3 /s； The unit h is the time when the corresponding water level of the lower discharge flow of the upper reservoir is connected with the tail water level of the downstream reservoir;for the scheduling time interval, h is the unit.
The step S5 specifically comprises the following steps:
if it isThe water discharge amount when the scene is connectedThe calculation formula is (2), and the S5 is entered;
（2）；
if it is，Returning to the step S3;
wherein,the time for connecting the corresponding water level of the lower discharge flow of the upper reservoir with the tail water level of the downstream reservoirDischarge flow under dam site, unit m 3 /s。
The step S6 specifically comprises the following steps:
prediction of incoming water process by known schedule periodsInitial reservoir capacity value of reservoir period of hydropower stationAnd equation (3) to calculate the reservoirThe reservoir capacity value of the hydropower station at the dispatching moment in a reservoir period;
calculating the reservoir period water level value of the hydropower station according to the formula (4)：
Calculating the upstream and downstream head difference according to the formula (5)：
Calculating the time period output according to formula (6)：
（3）；
（4）；
（5）；
（6）；
Wherein,respectively 1 st, 2 nd,Hydropower station warehouse-in flow at scheduling moment, unit m 3 /s；For the total scheduling timeIs a hydropower station warehouse-in flow rate of unit m 3 /s；、Respectively is、Hydropower station reservoir period reservoir capacity value at scheduling moment, unit m 3 ；、Setting water level storage capacity relation parameters for the water level;、respectively is、The water level value of the reservoir period of the hydropower station at the scheduling moment is in unit m;is thatThe head difference between the upstream and downstream of the scheduling time is in unit m;is thatTime period output at the scheduling moment, unit MW;is a force output coefficient, and is dimensionless;
judging whether the total drainage quantity and the time period output are satisfiedAnd is also provided with；
If yes, entering into the step S7;
if not, entering into the S5;
wherein,for the total expected water discharge amount of the water power station in the scheduling period, the unit is m 3 。
The step S7 is specifically as follows:
calculating multi-target scheduling benefit of the hydropower station by adopting a formula (7), a formula (8) and a formula (9), and then entering into the step S8;
the multi-target scheduling benefit is specifically:
（7）；
（8）；
（9）；
wherein,as the wayEcological flow closeness calculated when the dehydrated river reach exists at the downstream;for the total scheduling timeThe total internal water discharge amount exceeds the total expected water discharge amount of the hydropower stationMaximum value of (m) unit m 3 ； For the total scheduling timeMaximum value of power generation amount of internal water power station, and unit kW.h.
The step S8 is specifically as follows: according to the objective function deduced in the S7，Andselecting a multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm to solve to obtain a non-dominant solution set meeting related requirements, and finally obtaining the multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm based on different biasThe flow rate and the corresponding objective function value are discharged time by time in time.
Wherein the multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm comprises NSGA-II, MOGA, multi-objective artificial fish swarm algorithm and the like;
program codes are written in VB language, C language or MATLAB language under a windows operating system, a real-time intelligent ecological flow regulation method of the hydropower station is constructed, and a program interface is reserved.
Example 1
Taking the middle river reach of Jinshajiang as an example, a A, B hydropower station is selected as a research objectThe A hydropower station is taken as a regulating main body, and the ecological flow index of the A hydropower station is 300m 3 And when the running water levels of the reservoirs of the hydropower stations B are different, the connection relationship between the backwater and the tail water level corresponding to the discharge flow under the dam of the hydropower station A is not definite, so that the invention is suitable for carrying out the practice by adopting the patent technology of the invention.
Selecting NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm to perform example calculation, considering the initial water level of the A hydropower station according to the normal water storage level 1618m, and considering the initial outlet flow according to 300m 3 And/s controlling leakage.
The water level connection real-time scheduling research and judgment are carried out in each iteration scheduling, and when the water level under the dam of the A hydropower station is lower than 1501.1m through analysis, the water level corresponding to the water level under the A hydropower station is not connected with the tail water level of the reservoir of the downstream B hydropower station, and the instantaneous flow is 300m 3 The formula is used for controlling leakage/sCalculating the water discharge amount when the scene is not connectedThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the dam water level of the A hydropower station is higher than or equal to 1501.1m, the corresponding water level of the downward drainage flow is connected with the tail water level of the reservoir of the downstream B hydropower station, the drainage is controlled according to the total water quantity, and the drainage is carried outWherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,in order to connect the drainage volume of the hydropower station A in the scene,and (2) dynamically studying and judging the connection relation between the tail water level of the A hydropower station and the backwater of the B hydropower station for the total expected water discharge amount of the A hydropower station in the dispatching period.
Calculating the power generation water head of the hydropower station A according to the ex-warehouse flow, calculating the period output of the hydropower station A, performing iterative trial calculation according to an output condition camera, and calculating the ecological benefit, the water supplementing benefit and the power generation benefit index of the hydropower station A in each iteration.
And (3) carrying out multiple rounds of loop iteration by adopting an NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm, and calculating the ecological closeness, the increment of the water discharge amount and the multi-objective solution set of the generated energy of the hydropower station A, which are shown in the figure 3.
The foregoing examples merely illustrate embodiments of the invention and are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present patent is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A real-time ecological flow intelligent dynamic regulation and control method for a hydropower station is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, integrating basic data;
s2, starting cyclic solution, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting the water level at the initial time +.>Reservoir volume at initial moment +.>Initial ex-warehouse flow->；
Wherein,the unit h is the scheduling time; />、/>The water level of the upstream water reservoir at the 1 st moment and the assumed initial water level are respectively expressed as a unit m; />、/>Upstream reservoir capacity and assumed initial reservoir capacity at time 1, unit m 3 ；/>、/>The unit m is the upstream water warehouse outlet flow at the 1 st moment and the assumed initial outlet flow respectively 3 /s；
S3, judging iteration duration, wherein the iteration duration is specifically as follows:
if it meetsThen->；/>；/>Entering into the S4;
if it does not meetEntering into the S6, ending the circulation, and finishing the scheduling result;
wherein,the unit h is the total scheduling time; />The water leakage amount is the water leakage amount when the scene is not connected; the unit is m 3 ；/>For the drainage in the scene, the unit is m 3 ；
S4, real-time scheduling of dehydration reducing scenes;
s5, downstream water level engagement scene scheduling;
s6, calculating a time period output constraint;
s7, calculating multi-target scheduling benefits;
and S8, solving the multi-objective optimization algorithm.
2. The method for intelligently and dynamically regulating and controlling real-time ecological flow of hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 is specifically as follows:
if the corresponding water level of the leakage flow under the previous step meets，/>Calculating the amount of leakage water when the scene is not connected by using the formula (1)>Entering into the S6;
（1）；
if the corresponding water level of the leakage flow under the previous step is not satisfied，/>Entering into the S5;
wherein,is->Delivery flow at scheduling time ∈>Corresponding under-dam water level, unit m; />The unit is m for the tail water level from the next step backwater to the dam site; />Is->Ecological flow at scheduling time in m 3 /s；/>Is->Delivery flow at scheduling time, unit m 3 /s；/>The unit h is the time when the corresponding water level of the lower discharge flow of the upper reservoir is connected with the tail water level of the downstream reservoir; />For the scheduling time interval, h is the unit.
3. The method for intelligently and dynamically regulating and controlling the real-time ecological flow of the hydropower station according to claim 2, wherein the step S5 is specifically as follows:
if it isThe water leakage amount is +.>The calculation formula is (2), and the S5 is entered;
（2）；
if it is，/>Returning to the step S3;
wherein,for the connection time of the corresponding water level of the lower discharge flow of the upper reservoir and the tail water level of the downstream reservoir +.>Discharge flow under dam site, unit m 3 /s。
4. The method for intelligently and dynamically regulating and controlling real-time ecological flow of hydropower station according to claim 3, wherein the step S6 is specifically as follows:
prediction of incoming water process by known schedule periodsInitial reservoir capacity value of hydropower station reservoir period +.>And formula (3) to calculate reservoir +.>Hydropower station reservoir time period library at scheduling momentA capacitance value;
calculating the reservoir period water level value of the hydropower station according to the formula (4)：
Calculating the upstream and downstream head difference according to the formula (5)：
Calculating the time period output according to formula (6)：
（3）；
（4）；
（5）；
（6）；
Wherein,1 st, 2 nd,/-th, respectively>Hydropower station warehouse-in flow at scheduling moment, unit m 3 /s；/>For total scheduling time->Is a hydropower station warehouse-in flow rate of unit m 3 /s； />、/>Respectively->、/>Hydropower station reservoir period reservoir capacity value at scheduling moment, unit m 3 ；/>、/>Setting water level storage capacity relation parameters for the water level; />、/>Respectively->、/>The water level value of the reservoir period of the hydropower station at the scheduling moment is in unit m; />Is->The head difference between the upstream and downstream of the scheduling time is in unit m; />Is->Time period output at the scheduling moment, unit MW; />Is a force output coefficient, and is dimensionless;
judging whether the total drainage quantity and the time period output are satisfiedAnd->，
If yes, entering into the step S7;
if not, entering into the S5;
wherein,for the total expected water discharge amount of the water power station in the scheduling period, the unit is m 3 。
5. The method for intelligently and dynamically regulating and controlling real-time ecological flow of hydropower station according to claim 4, wherein the step S7 is specifically as follows: calculating multi-target scheduling benefit of the hydropower station by adopting a formula (7), a formula (8) and a formula (9), and then entering into the step S8;
the multi-target scheduling benefit is specifically:
（7）；
（8）；
（9）；
wherein,the ecological flow closeness calculated when the dehydrated river reach exists downstream; />For total scheduling time->The total internal drainage exceeds the total expected drainage of the hydropower station>Maximum value of (m) unit m 3 ；/>For total scheduling time->Maximum value of power generation amount of internal water power station, and unit kW.h.
6. The method for intelligently and dynamically regulating and controlling real-time ecological flow of hydropower station according to claim 5, wherein the step S8 is specifically as follows: according to the objective function deduced in the S7，/>And->Selecting a multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm to solve to obtain a non-dominant solution set meeting related requirements, and finally obtaining the intelligent optimization algorithm based on different bias +.>The flow rate and the corresponding objective function value are discharged time by time in time.
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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