CN117454465A - Simulation model sunlight analysis method and storage medium for homeland space planning - Google Patents
Simulation model sunlight analysis method and storage medium for homeland space planning Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation model sunlight analysis method and a storage medium for homeland space planning, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mapping the map of the building group to be analyzed and the topographic data thereof according to the geographic position to form a simulation geographic environment of the building group to be analyzed with a unified coordinate system; converting the sun position into a simulated geographic environment according to the real-time right ascension and declination positions of the sun, and calculating the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time altitude angle of the sun to determine the real-time approximate position of the sun; when the preset rays intersect on the solar surface at the preset sampling points without shielding, marking the preset sampling points to receive illumination at the moment, and calculating the day lighting conditions of all the preset sampling points on all the buildings in the building group to be analyzed; and displaying lighting color and/or lighting duration identifiers of the preset sampling points on each preset sampling point. According to the invention, the efficiency of illumination statistics is improved by calculating the general relation from the real-time approximate position of the sun to the observation point and counting the illumination time length of the observation point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of homeland space planning simulation, and particularly relates to a simulation model insolation analysis method and a storage medium for homeland space planning.
Background
In urban planning standards, sunlight is usually specified, the sunlight result is directly related to the volume rate and the building density, and sunlight influence reports are key bases for auditing the planning design of the construction project by planning master units of all cities, so sunlight analysis is extremely key in urban planning management. The common solar analysis method mode adopts light cone slice calculation as a core idea, and comprises a single-point analysis method, a plane analysis method and the like. The single-point analysis method has wide application in building sunshine analysis, the algorithm is to form a conic curve by connecting the observed point and a curve of a solar track, solve the curve expression, calculate the intersection point of the conic curve and a building, obtain sunshine time periods of the observed point according to the position and the number of the intersection point, and integrate the sunshine time periods to obtain the sunshine accumulated duration. The single-point analysis method has good algorithm robustness, and the precision and the reliability of the single-point analysis method are approved by a plurality of scholars and planners. The plane analysis method is developed on a single-point analysis method and is an optimized sunlight analysis algorithm, the principle of the plane analysis method is that a plane is subjected to gridding division through a plurality of single-point analyses, grids are used as observed points, a sunlight conic curve is utilized to solve a sun altitude angle and a sun azimuth angle, and sunlight duration calculation is carried out.
The large-scale scene is mainly based on a shadow algorithm, and the shadow generated by the shadow algorithm has higher fidelity, less saw teeth and limits the complexity of geometric objects in the scene. When the simulation geographic environment is overlapped, the shadow algorithm has poor effect in the calculation of a large-scale scene because the object complexity in the scene is high.
In addition, the solar radiation analysis of the building scene is mainly shown based on CAD drawing analysis, please refer to the ' design and implementation of a solar radiation shadow analysis display system of a three-dimensional building model based on GPU ' published in the university of North China university of science and technology ' published in Jiao Qingyang 2017, which mainly uses client computing, and usually adopts individual software to make a three-dimensional perspective effect in CAD, but the operation and analysis process has strong speciality, has more professional requirements on personnel, and lacks the display effect in a simulated geographic environment. In addition, the existing solar analysis of the WEB terminal does not have an illumination time information base and is insufficient for supporting data analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect of the invention, a simulation model insolation analysis method for homeland space planning is provided, the simulation model insolation analysis method comprises the following steps:
step 1, mapping a map of a building group to be analyzed and topographic data thereof according to geographic positions to form a simulation geographic environment of the building group to be analyzed with a unified coordinate system;
step 2, calculating the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system, and calculating the real-time right ascension and declination positions of the sun according to the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system;
step 3, converting the sun position into the simulated geographical environment according to the real-time right ascension and declination positions of the sun, and calculating the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time altitude angle of the sun under the influence of refraction to determine the real-time approximate position of the sun;
step 4, selecting one building from the building groups to be analyzed;
step 5, a real-time approximate position of a preset ray to the sun is sent out from a preset sampling point of the building at the kth moment, when the preset ray is intersected on a solar surface in a non-shielding manner, the preset sampling point is marked to be capable of receiving illumination at the kth moment, wherein K is {1, 2..K }, K represents dividing the lighting time of a preset duration into K lighting time points, K represents one of the lighting time points, and the solar surface represents a projection surface of the sun which can be observed from the preset sampling point;
step 6, repeating the step 5 until the lighting conditions of all preset sampling points on the building in other K-1 lighting time points are calculated;
step 7, repeating the steps 4 to 6 until the lighting conditions of all preset sampling points on all buildings in the building group to be analyzed at K lighting time points are calculated;
and 8, displaying lighting colors and/or lighting time length identifiers of the preset sampling points on each preset sampling point of each building model, wherein the lighting colors are lighting colors corresponding to accumulated lighting time lengths of the preset sampling points at K lighting time points, and the lighting time length identifiers are used for representing lighting time lengths of the preset sampling points at the K lighting time points.
In one embodiment of the present invention, step 5 includes:
step 5.1, processing the outer elevation of the building into a contour surface structure comprising a plurality of surface elements, extracting contour lines in the contour surface structure, and re-integrating the contour lines into a three-dimensional model of the building;
5.2, designing preset sampling points for a three-dimensional model of the building, wherein in each side wall of the building, a point on the bottom edge of the side wall is taken as an original point, the height direction of the side wall is taken as a Y axis, the bottom edge of the side wall is taken as an X axis, and the longitude and latitude coordinates of each preset sampling point on the side wall are calculated according to the longitude and latitude coordinates of the original point and the distances between each preset sampling point on the X axis and the Y axis and the original point;
step 5.3, a preset ray is sent to the real-time approximate position of the sun from the preset sampling point of each side wall, and whether the preset ray sent by the preset sampling point at the kth moment can intersect with the sun surface or not is judged;
and 5.4, judging whether shielding exists between the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points of the building and the sun or not when the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points at the kth moment can intersect with the sun surface, and marking that the preset sampling points can receive illumination at the kth moment when no shielding exists between the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points of the building and the sun.
In one embodiment of the present invention, determining whether a preset ray emitted by a preset sampling point at a kth time can intersect with a solar surface includes:
step 5.3.1, defining a preset ray emitted by each preset sampling point at the kth moment as r (t), wherein r (t) =O+t×d, and 0.ltoreq.t.ltoreq.++infinity, wherein O is longitude and latitude coordinates of the preset sampling point on the surface of the building, d is a direction vector of real-time approximate positions of the preset sampling point and the sun, and t represents a scale factor;
step 5.3.2, defining a solar plane as (p-p '), wherein p is the longitude and latitude coordinate of any point on the solar plane, p=r (t), p' represents the longitude and latitude coordinate of another point on the solar plane different from the point p, N is the unit normal vector of the solar plane, and assuming that the ray r (t) intersects with the plane, p satisfies: (p-p')xn=0, givingWhen t is 0 to less than or equal to when t is less than or equal to +.infinity, the preset ray intersects the solar surface.
In one embodiment of the present invention, determining whether a preset ray emitted by a preset sampling point at a kth time can intersect with a solar surface includes:
when (when)When the preset rays emitted by the preset sampling point at the kth moment intersect with the sun surface, wherein the sun is simulated to be spherical, the preset sampling point is taken as a starting point, tangential lines are respectively simulated from the starting point position to the two ends of the spherical, the included angle between the two tangential lines is +.alpha.the connecting line between the starting point and the spherical center is defined as a connecting line, the lowest building which can shade the building where the preset sampling point is positioned between the building and the sun is defined as a shade, the included angle between the connecting line and the shade line is defined as +.beta.the shade line is the tangential line from the preset sampling point to the last tangential point of the shade, and the tangential point is the shadeAnd the tangent point with the shortest perpendicular distance from the connecting line among the tangent points of the shielding object.
In one embodiment of the present invention, determining whether there is a blockage between a preset ray emitted from a preset sampling point of the building and the sun includes:
when T is more than or equal to T ', marking that the preset sampling point can receive illumination at the kth moment, wherein T' represents preset transmission time from the preset sampling point of the building to a real-time approximate position of the sun.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step 8 includes: calculating the total illumination time length of each preset sampling point, and marking the color corresponding to the illumination time length of each preset sampling point according to the corresponding relation between the preset total illumination time length and the color.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium, which is a readable storage medium, and a computer program stored on the readable storage medium, when executed by a processor, implements the simulation model insolation analysis method for homeland space planning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sunlight analysis method provided by the invention adopts the calculation method of the visual relationship between the real-time approximate position of the building outer elevation and the sun, realizes the logic based on the forward calculation of real-time data, realizes the sunlight analysis method of the sun sunlight on the complex elevation of the building, can scientifically and accurately calculate the sunlight duration of the preset sampling point on the building on the appointed date, realizes the subdivision sampling of the building surface, provides a new solution of illumination data statistics, and improves the lighting analysis capability of the complex building surface.
2. The forward sunlight analysis method based on the vision analysis, namely the vision relationship from the real-time approximate position of the sun to the observation point in a time period obtained by calculating the generated solar altitude angle, and accumulating the time period capable of being observed to obtain the sunlight duration of the observation point.
3. When the computer program stored in the storage medium provided by the invention is executed by a processor, rendering is carried out through a BS browser mode, a multi-user concurrent analysis and access to the three-dimensional model of the building by the simulation model insolation analysis method are supported, the insolation duration under the constraint of the interrelation between the real terrain environment and the building is solved, the insolation aggregation time of the whole day of the building group is analyzed and counted, the insolation aggregation time of the whole day of the building group is rendered into the three-dimensional model of the building through color grading, the visualization of the insolation aggregation time of the building group is realized, and the multi-user concurrent analysis and access are supported.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a simulation model insolation analysis method for planning a homeland space, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a three-dimensional model of a building that is provided by an embodiment of the present invention that re-integrates contour extraction contours of a building that includes a plurality of surface elements;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a view body formed by an observation point and the sun according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the geometric model of FIG. 3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a simulation effect diagram of a building model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the preset purpose, the following detailed description will explain the scheme according to the present invention by referring to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The foregoing and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood through the description of the specific embodiments, however, the attached drawings are provided for reference and description only, and are not intended to limit the technical scheme of the present invention.
It should be noted that in this document relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in an article or apparatus that comprises the element.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a simulation model insolation analysis method for territorial space planning, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, and includes the following steps:
step 1, mapping a map of a building group to be analyzed and topographic data thereof according to geographic positions to form a simulation geographic environment of the building group to be analyzed with a unified coordinate system;
collecting remote sensing images of a building group to be analyzed, correcting and embedding the remote sensing images to form a large-range high-precision image, then carrying out three-dimensional surface reconstruction on topographic data according to geographic positions, calculating geographic coordinates of each building, mapping the segmented remote sensing images onto topography according to the geographic coordinates of each building, and preliminarily forming a simulated geographic environment with a unified coordinate system.
Step 2, calculating the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system, and calculating the real-time right ascension and declination positions of the sun according to the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system;
first, the difference in days between the current date and julian day is calculated, specifically according to the formula:
the julian day (unit: day) of the current date is obtained, wherein 2432916.5 represents the julian day of 24 hours of 12 months of 1948, 0 minutes and 0 seconds, JD represents the julian day of the current time, year represents the year in the current time, day represents the number of days from 1 month and 1 day to the current time, and hor represents the number of hours of the current date minus year and day, for example, the current time is 2023, 16, 18 minutes and 30 seconds, and according to the above, year=2023, day=75, hor= 18.50833, i.e., 2023, 16, 18 minutes and 30 seconds, julian day is 2460020.7 days, i.e., jd= 2460020.7.
Then, the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system is calculated, the real-time right-angle declination of the sun is calculated according to the julian day at the current moment based on the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system, and the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system and the real-time right-angle declination position of the sun are calculated, which are not repeated in the prior art.
Step 3, converting the sun position into a simulated geographical environment according to the real-time right ascension and declination positions of the sun, and calculating the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time altitude angle of the sun under the influence of refraction to determine the real-time approximate position of the sun;
in order to accurately calculate the solar azimuth angle and the altitude angle of any place in the simulated geographic environment at any moment in the three-dimensional scene, a set of equations are designed according to astronomical calendar, the space coordinate and the time information of the currently required specific geographic position can be obtained, the solution is carried out, and the following conversion is adopted for calculating the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle:
sin(el)＝sin(dec)×sin(lat)+cos(dec)×cos(lat)×cos(ha)，
wherein el represents the altitude of the sun, az represents the azimuth of the sun, dec represents the declination of the sun, lat represents the latitude of the observation point, ha represents the time angle, and the time angle of the sun among different solar positions satisfies the following conditions in the rising process of the sun: ha=lmst-ra (12 ha. Ltoreq.12h), the solar time angle being negative before the sun reaches the meridian, positive in the hemispherical region after the meridian, ra representing the trabecular, lmst representing the mean star time of the earth.
To facilitate the calculation conversion to a conventional angle, and azimuth angle is measured from 0 ° north latitude to 360 ° east longitude. For proper azimuth distribution, az=180° -az when el+. elc, az=360° +az when el+. elc and ha >0, where elc represents the critical value of the altitude of the sun. When the altitude and azimuth angle of the sun are calculated, the real-time approximate position of the sun is determined, and the calculation of the altitude and azimuth angle of the sun belongs to the prior art, and is not repeated here.
Step 4, selecting one building from the building groups to be analyzed;
step 5, at the kth moment, a real-time approximate position from a preset sampling point of the building to the sun of a preset ray is obtained, and when the preset ray is intersected on the solar surface in a non-shielding manner, the preset sampling point is marked to be capable of receiving illumination at the kth moment;
specifically, K e {1, 2..k }, K represents dividing a lighting time of a preset duration into K time points, for example, when the preset duration is one day, K represents one of the lighting time points, and the solar surface represents a projection plane of the sun that can be observed from the preset sampling point.
Further, step 5 includes:
step 5.1, processing the outer elevation of the building into a contour surface structure comprising a plurality of surface elements, extracting contour lines in the contour surface structure, and re-integrating the contour lines into a three-dimensional model of the building;
referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the three-dimensional model is formed by re-integrating contour lines extracted from contour surfaces of a building including a plurality of surface elements, the left side of fig. 2 is a sidewall structure including a plurality of surface elements, broken lines in the left side of fig. 2 are rays sent from preset sampling points to real-time approximate position simulation of the sun, the right side is a building model for re-integrating sidewall structures of the plurality of surface elements according to contour lines, each square represents a surface element, in this embodiment, the surface element is rectangular, and in other embodiments, the surface element is triangular. Specifically, first, the surface elements of each outer facade of the building are extracted, the contour lines are extracted through the adjacent relation of the surface elements, the contour lines are formed into a plane, in general, the outer facade of the building is of a flat cubic structure, each side wall of the building is processed into a side wall structure comprising a plurality of surface elements in consideration of the protruding condition of the outer facade of a part of the building, the contour lines are extracted through the adjacent relation of the surface elements, the side wall structure comprising a plurality of surface elements is recombined into a plurality of outer walls of the building, and therefore the protruding outer facade is considered in a three-dimensional model, and the accuracy of the model is improved.
5.2, designing preset sampling points for a three-dimensional model of the building, wherein in each side wall of the building, a point on the bottom edge of the side wall is taken as an original point, the height direction of the side wall is taken as a Y axis, the bottom edge of the side wall is taken as an X axis, and the longitude and latitude coordinates of each preset sampling point on the side wall are calculated according to the longitude and latitude coordinates of the original point and the distances between each preset sampling point on the X axis and the Y axis and the original point;
then, a preset sampling point is designed for each side wall of the building, the lower left corner of one side wall is selected as a sampling origin o, the bottom edge direction of the side wall is set as an X axis, one side edge of the side wall along the height direction is set as a Y axis, and the topological relation between the preset sampling point and the profile surface is opposite, namely the preset sampling point is positioned on the profile surface. In general, the intervals of the preset sampling points on the contour surface are the same, and as the geographical coordinates of the building are determined, namely the coordinates of the sampling origin o are determined, the coordinates of each preset sampling point in the three-dimensional scene can be determined through the distance between the preset sampling points and the sampling origin o.
The invention samples the surface of the building model in the three-dimensional simulation scene, realizes the determination of the number of preset sampling points on the building outer elevation according to the distance, has the capability of coping with the complex building outer elevation, and has higher flexibility in sampling.
Step 5.3, a preset ray is sent to the real-time approximate position of the sun from the preset sampling point of each side wall, and whether the preset ray sent by the preset sampling point at the kth moment can intersect with the sun surface or not is judged;
when the ray can intersect with any point on the solar surface, judging that the sunlight can reach the preset sampling point, otherwise, when the ray cannot intersect with any point on the solar surface, judging that the sunlight cannot reach the preset sampling point. According to the embodiment, rays are emitted to the real-time approximate position of the sun by taking the preset sampling points as endpoints, the emission frequency defaults to 1min, the initial emission time of the rays is a local zero point, the emission end time of the rays is a local midnight 24, and then whether the rays emitted by the preset sampling points can intersect with the sun surface or not is judged by the intersection view relation between the rays and the sun surface.
In particular, step 5.3.1, defines the preset ray emitted by each bin at the kth moment as r (t), and r (t) =o+t x d, t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to ++infinity, wherein, O is longitude and latitude coordinates of a preset sampling point on the surface of a building, d is a direction vector of the real-time approximate position of the preset sampling point and the sun, and t represents a scale factor;
step 5.3.2, defining a solar plane as (p-p '), wherein p is the longitude and latitude coordinate of any point on the solar plane, p=r (t), p' represents the longitude and latitude coordinate of another point on the solar plane different from the point p, N is the unit normal vector of the solar plane, and assuming that the ray r (t) intersects with the plane, p satisfies: (p-p')xn=0, givingWhen t is 0 to less than or equal to when t is less than or equal to +.infinity, the preset ray intersects the solar surface.
The length of the ray is determined by t, namely, no specific t exists when the ray can intersect with the plane, so that t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to ++infinity is provided, and the point p is on the solar plane.
The embodiment adopts the calculation method of the visual relationship between the building outer elevation and the real-time approximate position of the sun, namely the method in the step 5.3.2, realizes the logic based on the forward calculation of real-time data, realizes the sunlight analysis method of the sunlight on the complex elevation of the building, can scientifically and accurately calculate the sunlight duration of the preset sampling point on the building on the appointed date, realizes the subdivision sampling of the building surface, provides a new solution for the statistics of the illumination data, improves the lighting analysis capability of the complex building surface, and has higher reference value in production, work and research.
In the above step 5.3.2, the intersection algorithm of the ray and the solar surface is to calculate the sun mathematically as a projection surface, and the intersection relationship between the emitted ray and the solar surface is solved by taking a preset sampling point as a starting point, so that multiple iterations are required to solve the solution. Preferably, the present embodiment also proposes another algorithm for view clipping, which can solve the ray and sphere intersection more efficiently. Specifically, taking a preset sampling point as an observation point, the observation point and the sun form a view body, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, taking a preset sampling point as an observation point O, taking a circle with a point C as a center of a circle as the sun, taking a point C as the center of the sun, taking OH as a ray emitted from the observation point to the sun surface, and tangential to the sun surface at a point H, CH as the sun radius, taking a point B as a ray emitted from the observation point to the sun surface, and tangential to the sun surface at another point B, HB as the maximum irradiation surface of the sun relative to the observer, that is, the solar surface in the above, that is, (p-p'). When a preset sampling point is taken as a ray end point, the sun is thoroughly shielded, the point is not exposed to sunlight, and TQ is assumed to be the lowest shielding object between the observation point and the sun, which can shield the building where the observation point is located, the height of the lowest shielding object is the minimum shielding height H, the structure formed by the point O, the point C, the point B and the point H is a view Jing Ti emitted from the observer, the view body is displayed as a cone structure, when the projection area of the shielding object on the cross section of the sun is larger than the cross section area of the cone at the position, the sun is shielded, and the view body is expressed asI.e. the minimum projection angle of the shielding object on the cross section is required to be judged to be larger than one half of the vertex angle, the shielding object is too largeThe sun may be blocked.
That is, whenWhen the preset sampling point emits a preset ray at the kth moment to intersect with the sun surface, wherein the sun is simulated to be spherical, the preset sampling point is taken as a starting point, tangential lines are respectively simulated from the starting point position to the two ends of the spherical, an included angle between the two tangential lines is +.alpha.the connecting line between the starting point and the spherical center is defined as a connecting line, the lowest building which can shade the building where the preset sampling point is located between the building and the sun is defined as a shielding object, the included angle between the connecting line and the shielding line is defined as +.beta.the shielding line is a tangential line from the preset sampling point to a tangential point on the shielding object, and the tangential point is a tangential point with the shortest perpendicular distance from the connecting line in the tangential point of the shielding object. The algorithm for view clipping provided by the embodiment can effectively reduce the calculation steps and calculation time, and improves the calculation efficiency of ray and sphere intersection.
And 5.4, judging whether shielding exists between the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points of the building and the sun or not when the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points at the kth moment can intersect with the sun surface, and marking that the preset sampling points can receive illumination at the kth moment when no shielding exists between the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points of the building and the sun.
The ray taking the preset sampling point as the origin intersects with the sun surface, under the condition of no shielding, the preset sampling point receives illumination, and when the preset sampling point is shielded, the intersection calculation of the ray and the sun surface is invalid, namely the preset sampling point does not receive illumination.
Specifically, according to the value representing the scale factor calculated in step 5.3.2, please continue to refer to fig. 4, T is a tangent point formed by the ray emitted from the observation point O and the shielding object, the tangent point is the tangent point with the shortest perpendicular distance from the connecting line, the value of the scale factor when the ray emitted from the observation point O reaches the tangent point T on the shielding object is determined to satisfy the light arrival time, and when the value of the scale factor does not satisfy the light arrival time, the ray emitted from the preset sampling point is considered not to reach the solar surface. Namely, when T is more than or equal to T ', the preset sampling point is marked to be capable of receiving illumination at the kth moment, wherein T' represents the preset transmission time from the preset sampling point of the building to the real-time approximate position of the sun. For example, since the irradiation of sunlight to the earth requires about 8 minutes and 17 seconds, the preset transmission time can be set to 8 minutes and 17 seconds accordingly, if the value of t is greater than or equal to the preset transmission time, it means that the sunlight can be irradiated to the earth, and if the value of t is less than the preset transmission time, it means that the light is blocked without being transmitted to the sun.
Step 6, repeating the step 5 until the lighting conditions of all preset sampling points on the building in other K-1 lighting time points are calculated;
step 7, repeating the steps 4 to 6 until the lighting conditions of all preset sampling points on all buildings in the building group to be analyzed at K lighting time points are calculated;
and 8, displaying a lighting color and/or a lighting time identifier of each preset sampling point on each preset sampling point of each building model, wherein the lighting color is a lighting color corresponding to the accumulated lighting time of the preset sampling point at K lighting time points, and the lighting time identifier is used for representing the lighting time of the preset sampling point at K lighting time points.
Specifically, calculating the total illumination time length of each preset sampling point, marking the color corresponding to the illumination time length of each preset sampling point according to the corresponding relation between the preset illumination time length and the illumination color, optionally marking the illumination time length identifier of each preset sampling point while marking the color corresponding to the illumination time length of each preset sampling point, or marking only the illumination time length identifier of each preset sampling point, as shown in fig. 5, on the preset sampling point provided by the embodiment, not only the illumination time length identifier of the preset sampling point but also the color corresponding to the illumination time length of the preset sampling point can be displayed.
The forward sunlight analysis method based on the vision analysis, namely the vision relationship from the real-time approximate position of the sun to the observation point in a time period obtained by calculating the generated solar altitude angle, and accumulating the time period capable of being viewed to obtain the sunlight duration of the observation point.
Example two
In another aspect of the present invention, a storage medium is provided, where the storage medium is a readable storage medium, and a computer program stored on the readable storage medium, when executed by a processor, implements the simulation model insolation analysis method for homeland space planning in the above embodiment.
Furthermore, the computer program stored in the storage medium provided by the invention is improved as follows in the processing process of the computer program besides realizing the simulation model insolation analysis method for planning the homeland space in the first embodiment.
Firstly, a cloud architecture system with front-end and back-end data transmission and analysis cooperative capability is constructed, a spherical scene with a three-dimensional coordinate system is created based on the constructed cloud architecture system, and an initialization scene with measurement precision is formed. The creation of the initialization scene according to this embodiment needs to be implemented by a computer programming language, and the high-level computer languages used in the invention are Python and JavaScript.
In order to facilitate rapid loading, in step 1 of the first embodiment, the high-efficiency tile pyramid model is adopted to correct and inlay the remote sensing image, the remote sensing image is segmented from the top layer to the base layer according to the thickness to the fineness, the segmentation scale is increased by two times, the data set formed by segmentation is managed through the server object manager, and the processed topographic data is also stored and managed through the server object manager.
The processing method adopted for processing the outer facade of the building of the city and reconstructing the three-dimensional model of the building in the step 5.1 and the step 5.2 in the first embodiment is to cling to the ground by adopting a relative position method for the coordinates of inflection points of the contour lines, and squeeze the contour surface structure of the building into polyhedron data in the direction of the normal line of the Z axis, which is set in the coordinate system of the step 5.2 and is the other coordinate axis perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis in the step 5.2 respectively, according to rules, for example, according to the number of layers of the building, or according to the height of the building, and set the texture of the polyhedron data as white by default. The embodiment is based on step 5.2 of the first embodiment, and further obtains the geographic coordinates of the preset sampling points and stores the geographic coordinates of the preset sampling points as the three-dimensional point set U.
In addition, for the case that whether the preset sampling point finally determined in the step 5 receives illumination at the kth moment in the first embodiment, the data that the preset sampling point receives illumination at the kth moment is stored, the data that the preset sampling point does not receive illumination at the kth moment is removed, namely, the data after the preset sampling point is communicated with the sun surface are used as light communication data, the calculation results are classified and stored to form a sunlight illumination information base of the preset sampling point, and the illumination information base is respectively assigned to the corresponding sampling points according to the emission calculation points.
For step 8 in embodiment one, this embodiment adds the following steps:
step 8.1, carrying out summation calculation on illumination information of each preset sampling point, wherein the obtained result is the total illumination time length of the preset sampling point;
step 8.2, classifying the total sunlight duration in a sunlight illumination information base according to a preset sampling point by taking 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours as division standards, and dividing the whole sunlight information into 5 ranges in total, namely, 0-2 hours, 2-4 hours, 4-6 hours, 6-8 hours and more than 8 hours;
step 8.3, adding a spectrum color value of a low-value cold and high-value hot tone, and rendering color according to the classification in the 5 illumination number ranges formed in the step 8.2 to form a preset sampling point characteristic with classification color;
8.4, in order to further intuitively display illumination information of the building facade, marking 0-2 hours as 2-, 2-4 hours as 2+, and the like, and marking more than 8 hours as 8+, wherein the color of the symbol mark is consistent with the color determined in the step 8.3, so that the illumination duration of sunlight on the building facade can be intuitively known;
and 8.5, managing the final result by using a server object manager, and displaying the final result in a web-end three-dimensional simulation scene.
The solar radiation analysis is performed in a three-dimensional scene, the calculation of related parameters of the solar radiation of the building group is required to be realized under the simulated geographic environment as much as possible, the computer program stored in the storage medium provided by the embodiment can be processed and executed when being executed by the processor, the simulation model solar radiation analysis method for the soil space planning in the first embodiment can be performed, the multi-user concurrent analysis and the three-dimensional model of the building accessing the simulation model solar radiation analysis method are rendered and supported through a BS browser mode, the solar radiation aggregation time of the whole day of the building group is analyzed and counted through solving the solar radiation time under the constraint of the interrelation of the real terrain environment and the building, and the solar radiation aggregation time of the whole day of the building group is rendered into the three-dimensional model of the building through color grading, so that the visualization of the solar radiation aggregation time of the building group is realized, and the multi-user concurrent analysis and access are supported.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A simulation model sunlight analysis method for homeland space planning is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, mapping a map of a building group to be analyzed and topographic data thereof according to geographic positions to form a simulation geographic environment of the building group to be analyzed with a unified coordinate system;
step 2, calculating the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system, and calculating the real-time right ascension and declination positions of the sun according to the real-time position of the sun in the yellow road coordinate system;
step 3, converting the sun position into the simulated geographical environment according to the real-time right ascension and declination positions of the sun, and calculating the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time altitude angle of the sun under the influence of refraction to determine the real-time approximate position of the sun;
step 4, selecting one building from the building groups to be analyzed;
step 5, a real-time approximate position of a preset ray to the sun is sent out from a preset sampling point of the building at the kth moment, when the preset ray is intersected on a solar surface in a non-shielding manner, the preset sampling point is marked to be capable of receiving illumination at the kth moment, wherein K is {1, 2..K }, K represents dividing the lighting time of a preset duration into K lighting time points, K represents one of the lighting time points, and the solar surface represents a projection surface of the sun which can be observed from the preset sampling point;
step 6, repeating the step 5 until the lighting conditions of all preset sampling points on the building in other K-1 lighting time points are calculated;
step 7, repeating the steps 4 to 6 until the lighting conditions of all preset sampling points on all buildings in the building group to be analyzed at K lighting time points are calculated;
and 8, displaying lighting colors and/or lighting time length identifiers of the preset sampling points on each preset sampling point of each building model, wherein the lighting colors are lighting colors corresponding to accumulated lighting time lengths of the preset sampling points at K lighting time points, and the lighting time length identifiers are used for representing lighting time lengths of the preset sampling points at the K lighting time points.
2. The method for solar analysis of simulation models for homeland space planning according to claim 1, wherein step 5 comprises:
step 5.1, processing the outer elevation of the building into a contour surface structure comprising a plurality of surface elements, extracting contour lines in the contour surface structure, and re-integrating the contour lines into a three-dimensional model of the building;
5.2, designing preset sampling points for a three-dimensional model of the building, wherein in each side wall of the building, a point on the bottom edge of the side wall is taken as an original point, the height direction of the side wall is taken as a Y axis, the bottom edge of the side wall is taken as an X axis, and the longitude and latitude coordinates of each preset sampling point on the side wall are calculated according to the longitude and latitude coordinates of the original point and the distances between each preset sampling point on the X axis and the Y axis and the original point;
step 5.3, a preset ray is sent to the real-time approximate position of the sun from the preset sampling point of each side wall, and whether the preset ray sent by the preset sampling point at the kth moment can intersect with the sun surface or not is judged;
and 5.4, judging whether shielding exists between the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points of the building and the sun or not when the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points at the kth moment can intersect with the sun surface, and marking that the preset sampling points can receive illumination at the kth moment when no shielding exists between the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points of the building and the sun.
3. The method for solar analysis of simulation models for homeland space planning according to claim 2, wherein determining whether the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points at the kth time can intersect with the sun surface comprises:
step 5.3.1, defining a preset ray emitted by each preset sampling point at the kth moment as r (t), wherein r (t) =O+t×d, and 0.ltoreq.t.ltoreq.++infinity, wherein O is longitude and latitude coordinates of the preset sampling point on the surface of the building, d is a direction vector of real-time approximate positions of the preset sampling point and the sun, and t represents a scale factor;
step 5.3.2, defining a solar plane as (p-p '), wherein p is the longitude and latitude coordinate of any point on the solar plane, p=r (t), p' represents the longitude and latitude coordinate of another point on the solar plane different from the point p, N is the unit normal vector of the solar plane, and assuming that the ray r (t) intersects with the plane, p satisfies: (p-p')xn=0, givingWhen t is 0 to less than or equal to when t is less than or equal to +.infinity, the preset ray intersects the solar surface.
4. The method for solar analysis of simulation models for homeland space planning according to claim 2, wherein determining whether the preset rays emitted from the preset sampling points at the kth time can intersect with the sun surface comprises:
when (when)When the preset sampling point emits a preset ray at the kth moment to intersect with the sun surface, wherein the sun is simulated to be spherical, the preset sampling point is taken as a starting point, tangential lines are respectively simulated from the starting point position to the two ends of the spherical, an included angle between the two tangential lines is +.alpha.the connecting line is defined as a connecting line, the lowest building which can shade the building where the preset sampling point is located between the building and the sun is defined as a shade, the included angle between the connecting line and the shielding line is defined as +.beta.the shielding line is a tangential line from the preset sampling point to a tangential point on the shade, and the tangential point is the tangential point with the shortest perpendicular distance from the connecting line in the tangential points of the shade.
5. The method for solar analysis of a simulation model for homeland space planning according to claim 2, wherein determining whether there is a shielding between a preset ray emitted from a preset sampling point of the building and the sun comprises:
when T is more than or equal to T ', marking that the preset sampling point can receive illumination at the kth moment, wherein T' represents preset transmission time from the preset sampling point of the building to a real-time approximate position of the sun.
6. The method for solar analysis of simulation models for homeland space planning according to claim 1, wherein the step 8 comprises: calculating the total illumination time length of each preset sampling point, and marking the color corresponding to the illumination time length of each preset sampling point according to the corresponding relation between the preset total illumination time length and the color.
7. A storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium is a readable storage medium, which when being executed by a processor implements the simulation model insolation analysis method for homeland space planning according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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