CN117450683A - Nested energy storage system - Google Patents

Nested energy storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117450683A
CN117450683A CN202311766649.XA CN202311766649A CN117450683A CN 117450683 A CN117450683 A CN 117450683A CN 202311766649 A CN202311766649 A CN 202311766649A CN 117450683 A CN117450683 A CN 117450683A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat
medium
carbon dioxide
communicated
liquid
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CN202311766649.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN117450683B (en
Inventor
郑开云
池捷成
俞国华
舒梦影
陶林
白江涛
彭晓丽
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Xeca Shanghai Energy Technology Co ltd
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Xeca Shanghai Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311766649.XA priority Critical patent/CN117450683B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/06—Superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/06—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

According to the nested energy storage system, in the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage loop, carbon dioxide can be compressed to a pressure lower than 1.6MPa, the carbon dioxide is condensed into a liquid state through heat exchange with a liquid medium, meanwhile, in the compressed medium energy storage loop, the pressure of a first medium reservoir is about 0.1MPa, the medium can be compressed to about 1.15MPa, the corresponding saturation temperature is about 29.5 ℃, the environment can be used for condensation, and the environment or waste heat can be conveniently utilized for regasification, so that the storage pressure of the energy storage system is far lower than the 7MPa pressure of the prior art, and the safety of the system is improved and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Nested energy storage system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric energy storage, in particular to a nested energy storage system.
Background
The compressed carbon dioxide energy storage technology adopts carbon dioxide as a working medium, stores electric energy through the compression process of the carbon dioxide, and generates electric energy through the expansion process of the carbon dioxide. The pressure of the low-pressure end of the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system is low, normal temperature and normal pressure gas storage can be adopted, low-temperature liquid storage with pressure lower than 1MPa can also be adopted, but the pressure of the high-pressure end is high, and the pressure can reach 7MPa or higher. The higher pressure at the high pressure side is caused by the fact that the high pressure side stores liquid carbon dioxide by releasing heat and cooling down when the carbon dioxide gas in the condenser comes into contact with a cooling medium, such as water or air. However, if the condensing temperature of the carbon dioxide is too high, the saturation pressure corresponding to the condensing temperature increases, so that the pressure of the high-pressure side is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application has been made in order to solve the above technical problems. The embodiment of the application provides a nested energy storage system, which solves the problem that in the prior art, the condensation temperature of carbon dioxide is too high, so that the pressure of a high-pressure end is too high.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a nested energy storage system comprising: a compressed medium energy storage loop and a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage loop;
the compressed medium energy storage circuit comprises:
a first media store for storing a first liquid media;
the liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first medium reservoir, and the first heat exchanger is used for gasifying the first liquid medium into a gaseous medium and generating first heat;
the air inlet of the medium compression assembly is communicated with the air outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the medium compression assembly is used for compressing and condensing the gaseous medium into a second liquid medium;
the liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir is communicated with the liquid outlet of the medium compression assembly, and the second medium reservoir is used for storing the second liquid medium;
The liquid inlet of the medium expansion assembly is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir, and the medium expansion assembly is used for gasifying and expanding the second liquid medium output by the second medium reservoir to generate power;
the air inlet of the second heat exchanger is communicated with the air outlet of the medium expansion assembly, the liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger is communicated with the liquid inlet of the first medium reservoir, and the second heat exchanger is used for condensing the gaseous medium output by the medium expansion assembly and generating second heat;
the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage circuit comprises:
a first carbon dioxide reservoir for outputting a first gaseous carbon dioxide;
the air inlet of the carbon dioxide compressor is communicated with the air outlet of the first carbon dioxide reservoir, and the carbon dioxide compressor is used for compressing the first gaseous carbon dioxide; the air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor is communicated with the air inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is used for condensing the first gaseous carbon dioxide into liquid carbon dioxide and generating third heat, and exchanging the first heat with the third heat;
The liquid inlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger, the liquid outlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the second carbon dioxide reservoir is used for storing the liquid carbon dioxide; the second heat exchanger is used for gasifying the liquid carbon dioxide output by the second carbon dioxide reservoir into second gaseous carbon dioxide and generating fourth heat, and exchanging the second heat with the fourth heat;
the air inlet of the carbon dioxide expander is communicated with the air outlet of the second heat exchanger, the air outlet of the carbon dioxide expander is communicated with the air inlet of the first carbon dioxide reservoir, and the carbon dioxide expander is used for expanding and generating power for the second gaseous carbon dioxide.
In an embodiment, the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage loop further includes a first heat storage component, an air inlet of the first heat storage component is communicated with an air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor, an air outlet of the first heat storage component is communicated with an air inlet of the first heat exchanger, another air inlet of the first heat storage component is communicated with an air outlet of the second heat exchanger, another air outlet of the first heat storage component is communicated with an air inlet of the carbon dioxide expander, and the first heat storage component is used for recovering compression heat and heating gaseous carbon dioxide output by the second heat exchanger.
In an embodiment, the first heat storage assembly comprises:
the air inlet of the first heat recoverer is communicated with the air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor, and the first heat recoverer is used for recovering the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor;
the outlet of the first cold tank is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the first heat recoverer, and the first cold tank outputs a heat storage medium for receiving the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor so as to obtain a first heat-absorbing heat storage medium;
the inlet of the first heat tank is communicated with the heat storage medium outlet of the first heat recoverer, and the first heat tank is used for receiving and storing the heat storage medium after the first heat absorption.
In an embodiment, the first heat storage assembly comprises:
the air inlet of the first heat regenerator is communicated with the air outlet of the second heat exchanger, the heat storage medium inlet of the first heat regenerator is communicated with the outlet of the first heat tank, the air outlet of the first heat regenerator is communicated with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide expander, the heat storage medium outlet of the first heat regenerator is communicated with the inlet of the first cold tank, and the first heat regenerator is used for transmitting heat output from the first heat tank to the heat storage medium of the first cold tank to the second gaseous carbon dioxide.
In one embodiment, the media compression assembly comprises:
the air inlet of the medium compressor is communicated with the air outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the medium compressor is used for compressing the gaseous medium;
the air inlet of the condenser is communicated with the air outlet of the medium compressor, the liquid outlet of the condenser is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir, and the condenser is used for condensing the gaseous medium into the second liquid medium.
In one embodiment, the media expansion assembly comprises:
the liquid inlet of the evaporator is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir, and the evaporator is used for gasifying the second liquid medium output by the second medium reservoir;
the air inlet of the medium expander is communicated with the air outlet of the evaporator, and the medium expander is used for expanding the gaseous medium output by the evaporator to generate power.
In an embodiment, the compressed medium energy storage loop includes a second heat storage component, an air inlet of the second heat storage component is communicated with an air outlet of the medium compressor, an air inlet of the condenser is communicated with an air outlet of the second heat storage component, an air outlet of the evaporator is communicated with another air inlet of the second heat storage component, an air inlet of the medium expander is communicated with an air outlet of the evaporator, and the second heat storage component is used for recovering heat generated by compressing the gaseous medium and heating the gaseous medium output by the evaporator.
In an embodiment, the second heat storage assembly comprises:
the air inlet of the second heat recoverer is communicated with the air outlet of the medium compressor, and the second heat recoverer is used for recovering the exhaust heat of the medium compressor;
the outlet of the second cold tank is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the second heat recoverer, and the second cold tank outputs heat storage medium for absorbing the exhaust heat of the medium compressor so as to obtain second heat-absorbed heat storage medium;
and the inlet of the second heat tank is communicated with the outlet of the second heat recoverer, and the second heat tank is used for receiving and storing the second heat-absorbing heat storage medium.
In an embodiment, the second heat storage assembly comprises:
the air inlet of the second reheater is communicated with the air outlet of the evaporator, the heat storage medium inlet of the second reheater is communicated with the outlet of the second heat tank, the air outlet of the second reheater is communicated with the air outlet of the medium expander, the heat storage medium outlet of the second reheater is communicated with the inlet of the second cold tank, and the second reheater is used for transmitting heat in the heat storage medium output by the second heat tank to the second cold tank to the gaseous medium output by the evaporator (14).
In one embodiment, the first liquid medium is ammonia.
According to the nested energy storage system, in the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage loop, carbon dioxide can be compressed to a pressure lower than 1.6MPa, the carbon dioxide is condensed into a liquid state through heat exchange with a liquid medium, meanwhile, in the compressed medium energy storage loop, the pressure of a first medium reservoir is about 0.1MPa, the medium can be compressed to about 1.15MPa, the corresponding saturation temperature is about 29.5 ℃, the environment can be used for condensation, the environment or waste heat can be conveniently utilized for regasification, the storage pressure of the energy storage system is far lower than the pressure of 7MPa in the prior art, and the safety of the system is improved and the manufacturing cost is reduced. In addition, the pressure ratio of the system is improved from 70 in the prior art, namely that the carbon dioxide is compressed from 0.1MPa to 7MPa to about 160 times, namely that the carbon dioxide is compressed from 0.1MPa to 1.6MPa, and the medium is compressed from 0.12MPa to 1.15MPa, so that the energy storage efficiency and the energy storage density are improved, the arrangement aspect of equipment in the system is omitted, a high-pressure end carbon dioxide compressor and a carbon dioxide expander in the existing carbon dioxide energy storage are replaced by a medium compressor and a medium expander, and the complexity of the system is not increased as a whole.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following more particular description of embodiments of the present application, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the application and not constitute a limitation to the application. In the drawings, like reference numerals generally refer to like parts or steps.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of operation of a nested energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating operation of a nested energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a first carbon dioxide reservoir; 2. a second carbon dioxide reservoir; 3. a carbon dioxide compressor; 4. a carbon dioxide expander; 5. a first heat exchanger; 6. a second heat exchanger; 7. a first heat storage assembly; 71. a first heat recovery device; 72. a first reheater; 73. a first cooling tank; 74. a first hot tank; 8. a first media store; 9. a second media store; 15. a media compression assembly; 16. a media expansion assembly; 10. a media compressor; 11. a medium expander; 12. a second heat storage assembly; 121. a second heat recovery device; 122. a second reheater; 123. a second cooling tank; 124. a second hot tank; 13. a condenser; 14. an evaporator.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular gesture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular gesture changes, the directional indication changes accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Furthermore, references herein to "an embodiment" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
The manner in which the embodiments of the present application are described will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is shown, however, in which some, but not all embodiments of the application are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of operation of a nested energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating operation of a nested energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1-2, a nested energy storage system includes: a compressed medium energy storage loop and a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage loop.
The compressed medium energy storage loop comprises:
the first medium reservoir 8, the first medium reservoir 8 is for storing a first liquid medium.
In particular, the first medium reservoir 8 is used for outputting, receiving and storing a low pressure first liquid medium. Wherein the low pressure has a value of about 0.1Mpa.
The liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first medium reservoir 8, and the first heat exchanger 5 is used for gasifying a first liquid medium into a gaseous medium and generating first heat.
The medium compression assembly 15, the air inlet of the medium compression assembly 15 communicates with the air outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, and the medium compression assembly 15 is used for compressing and condensing the gaseous medium into a second liquid medium.
Specifically, the medium compression assembly 15 may compress the gaseous medium from a low pressure state to a high pressure state under the driving of the motor, and then condense the gaseous medium in the high pressure state into a second liquid medium.
The liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir 9 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the medium compression assembly 15, and the second medium reservoir 9 is used for storing second liquid medium.
Specifically, the second medium reservoir 9 is used for outputting, receiving and storing a high-pressure liquid medium, wherein the high-pressure value is 1.6MPa or less. The second pressure of the second medium reservoir 9 is greater than the first pressure of the first medium reservoir 8.
The medium expansion assembly 16, the liquid inlet of the medium expansion assembly 16 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir 9, and the medium expansion assembly 16 is used for gasifying and expanding the second liquid medium output by the second medium reservoir 9 to generate power.
Specifically, the medium expansion assembly 16 may gasify the liquid medium output from the second medium reservoir 9, then expand the gaseous medium from a high pressure to a low pressure state and push the generator to generate electricity.
The second heat exchanger 6, the air inlet of the second heat exchanger 6 is communicated with the air outlet of the medium expansion assembly 16, the liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 6 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the first medium reservoir 8, and the second heat exchanger 6 is used for condensing the gaseous medium output by the medium expansion assembly 16 and generating second heat.
The compressed carbon dioxide energy storage circuit comprises:
the first carbon dioxide store 1, the first carbon dioxide store 1 is used for exporting first gaseous carbon dioxide.
Specifically, the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 stores gaseous carbon dioxide at normal temperature and normal pressure or liquid carbon dioxide at low temperature. When the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 stores low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide, the state of the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 approaches to a triple point, the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into solid and gaseous carbon dioxide when the energy storage working condition is gasified, so that the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 outputs the gaseous carbon dioxide, otherwise, the energy release working condition is reversely converted, the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 receives the gaseous carbon dioxide, and the solid and gaseous carbon dioxide are converted into the liquid carbon dioxide. The triple point is a temperature and pressure value at which three phases of gas, liquid and solid phases of a substance coexist in thermodynamics.
When the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 stores gaseous carbon dioxide at normal temperature and normal pressure, the pressure value of the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is the third pressure, and the temperature is the first temperature. When the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 stores low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide, the pressure value of the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is a first pressure, the temperature is a second temperature, the second temperature is lower than the first temperature, and the first pressure is higher than a third pressure.
The carbon dioxide compressor 3, the air inlet of carbon dioxide compressor 3 and the gas outlet intercommunication of first carbon dioxide storehouse 1, and carbon dioxide compressor 3 is used for compressing first gaseous carbon dioxide, and wherein, the gas outlet of carbon dioxide compressor 3 and the air inlet intercommunication of first heat exchanger 5, first heat exchanger 5 are used for carrying out condensation treatment to first gaseous carbon dioxide and liquid carbon dioxide and produce the third heat to and exchange first heat and third heat.
Specifically, the carbon dioxide compressor 3 compresses gaseous carbon dioxide from a low-pressure state to a high-pressure state under motor driving at the time of energy storage operation.
The liquid inlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, the liquid outlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger 6, and the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide; the second heat exchanger 6 is used for gasifying the liquid carbon dioxide output by the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 into second gaseous carbon dioxide and generating fourth heat, and exchanging the second heat with the fourth heat.
Wherein, the second pressure of the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is respectively greater than the first pressure and the second pressure, the third temperature of the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is higher than the second temperature, and the third temperature is lower than the first temperature. The second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is used for outputting, receiving and storing liquid carbon dioxide at a low temperature, preferably at a pressure level below 1.6 MPa.
The carbon dioxide expander 4, the air inlet of carbon dioxide expander 4 communicates with the gas outlet of second heat exchanger 6, the gas outlet of carbon dioxide expander 4 communicates with the air inlet of first carbon dioxide warehouse 1, and carbon dioxide expander 4 is used for carrying out expansion power generation to second gaseous carbon dioxide.
Specifically, the carbon dioxide expander 4 is used for expanding the gaseous carbon dioxide from a high-pressure state to a low-pressure state and pushing the generator to generate electricity under the energy release working condition.
According to the nested energy storage system, in the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage loop, carbon dioxide can be compressed to a pressure lower than 1.6MPa, the carbon dioxide is condensed into a liquid state through heat exchange with a liquid medium, meanwhile, in the compressed medium energy storage loop, the pressure of a first medium reservoir is about 0.1MPa, the medium can be compressed to about 1.15MPa, the corresponding saturation temperature is about 29.5 ℃, the environment can be used for condensation, and the environment or waste heat can be conveniently utilized for regasification, so that the storage pressure of the energy storage system is far lower than the 7MPa pressure of the prior art, and the safety of the system is improved and the manufacturing cost is reduced. In addition, the pressure ratio of the system is improved from 70 in the prior art, namely that the carbon dioxide is compressed from 0.1MPa to 7MPa to about 160 times, namely that the carbon dioxide is compressed from 0.1MPa to 1.6MPa, and the medium is compressed from 0.12MPa to 1.15MPa, so that the energy storage efficiency and the energy storage density are improved, the arrangement aspect of equipment in the system is omitted, a high-pressure end carbon dioxide compressor and a carbon dioxide expander in the existing carbon dioxide energy storage are replaced by a medium compressor and a medium expander, and the complexity of the system is not increased as a whole.
In an embodiment, the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage circuit may further include a first heat storage component 7, where an air inlet of the first heat storage component 7 is communicated with an air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor 3, an air outlet of the first heat storage component 7 is communicated with an air inlet of the first heat exchanger 5, another air inlet of the first heat storage component 7 is communicated with an air outlet of the second heat exchanger 6, another air outlet of the first heat storage component 7 is communicated with an air inlet of the carbon dioxide expander 4, and the first heat storage component 7 is used for recovering compression heat and heating gaseous carbon dioxide output by the second heat exchanger 6.
In an embodiment, the first heat storage assembly 7 comprises:
the first heat recoverer 71, the air inlet of the first heat recoverer 71 is communicated with the air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor 3, and the first heat recoverer 71 is used for recovering the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor 3;
the outlet of the first cold tank 73 is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the first heat recoverer 71, and the first cold tank 73 outputs heat storage medium for receiving the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor 3 so as to obtain heat storage medium after first heat absorption;
the first heat tank 74, the inlet of the first heat tank 74 communicates with the heat storage medium outlet of the first heat recoverer 71, and the first heat tank 74 is configured to receive and store the heat storage medium after the first heat absorption.
As shown in fig. 2, the first cooling tank 73 and the first heating tank 74 are used for recovering and storing the compression heat generated in the compression process of the carbon dioxide, so that heat is provided for equipment needing heat of the whole system, the heat generated by the system is fully utilized, the demand of heat generating equipment is reduced, the equipment investment is reduced, the occupied area of a site is reduced, and the application scene of the system is enriched.
In an embodiment, the first heat storage assembly 7 comprises: the air inlet of the first reheater 72 is communicated with the air outlet of the second heat exchanger 6, the heat storage medium inlet of the first reheater 72 is communicated with the outlet of the first heat tank 74, the air outlet of the first reheater 72 is communicated with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide expander 4, the heat storage medium outlet of the first reheater 72 is communicated with the inlet of the first cold tank 73, and the first reheater 72 is used for transferring heat in the heat storage medium output to the first heat tank 74 to the first cold tank 73 to the second gaseous carbon dioxide.
As shown in fig. 2, the heat in the heat storage medium output from the first heat tank 74 to the first cold tank 73 can be transferred to the carbon dioxide expander 4 by the first reheater 72, and the operating temperature and pressure of the expander can be increased. Therefore, the energy conversion efficiency can be improved, the system can more effectively convert heat energy into mechanical energy or electric energy, and the power output of the expander can also be improved. This may increase the power generation capacity of the generator, increase the power density of the system, and reduce the loss of thermal energy, increasing the utilization of energy.
In one embodiment, the media compression assembly 15 comprises:
the medium compressor 10, the air inlet of medium compressor 10 communicates with the gas outlet of first heat exchanger 5, and medium compressor 10 is used for compressing gaseous medium.
Specifically, the media compressor 10 compresses gaseous media from a low pressure state to a high pressure state under motor drive during an energy storage condition.
The air inlet of the condenser 13 is communicated with the air outlet of the medium compressor 10, the liquid outlet of the condenser 13 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir 9, and the condenser 13 is used for condensing the gaseous medium into a second liquid medium.
Specifically, the gaseous medium outputted from the second heat recoverer 121 is condensed into a liquid medium and inputted into the second medium reservoir 9.
In one embodiment, the media expansion assembly 16 comprises:
the evaporator 14, the liquid inlet of the evaporator 14 communicates with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir 9, and the evaporator 14 is used for gasifying the second liquid medium with the output of the second medium reservoir 9.
Specifically, the evaporator 14 is configured to gasify the liquid medium output from the second medium reservoir 9.
The medium expander 11, the air inlet of medium expander 11 communicates with the gas outlet of evaporimeter 14, and medium expander 11 is used for carrying out expansion electricity generation to the gaseous medium that evaporimeter 14 output.
Specifically, the medium expander 11 is used for expanding the gaseous medium from a high-pressure state to a low-pressure state and pushing the generator to generate electricity under the energy release working condition.
In an embodiment, the nested energy storage system may further include a second heat storage component 12, where an air inlet of the second heat storage component 12 is communicated with an air outlet of the medium compressor 10, an air inlet of the condenser 13 is communicated with an air outlet of the second heat storage component 12, an air outlet of the evaporator 14 is communicated with another air inlet of the second heat storage component 12, an air inlet of the medium expander 11 is communicated with an air outlet of the evaporator 14, and the second heat storage component 12 is used for recovering heat generated by compressing the gaseous medium and heating the gaseous medium output by the evaporator 14.
In one embodiment, the second heat storage assembly 12 includes:
the second heat recoverer 121, the air inlet of the second heat recoverer 121 communicates with air outlet of the medium compressor 10, the second heat recoverer 121 is used for recovering the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10;
the second cooling tank 123, the outlet of the second cooling tank 123 is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the second heat recoverer 121, and the second cooling tank 123 outputs the heat storage medium for absorbing the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10 to obtain a second heat-absorbed heat storage medium;
The second heat tank 124, the inlet of the second heat tank 124 is communicated with the outlet of the second heat recoverer 121, and the second heat tank 124 is used for receiving and storing the second heat storage medium after absorbing heat.
As shown in fig. 2, the first cooling tank 73 and the first heating tank 74 are used for recovering and storing the compression heat generated in the medium compression process, so that heat is provided for equipment needing heat of the whole system, the heat generated by the system is fully utilized, the demand of heat generating equipment is reduced, the equipment investment is reduced, the occupied area of a field is reduced, and the application scene of the system is enriched.
In one embodiment, the second heat storage assembly 12 includes:
the second reheater 122, the air inlet of the second reheater 122 is communicated with the air outlet of the evaporator 14, the heat storage medium inlet of the second reheater is communicated with the outlet of the second heat tank 124, the air outlet of the second reheater 122 is communicated with the air outlet of the medium expander 11, the heat storage medium outlet of the second reheater 122 is communicated with the inlet of the second cold tank 123, and the second reheater 122 is used for transferring the heat in the heat storage medium output by the second heat tank 124 to the second cold tank 123 to the gaseous medium output by the evaporator 14.
As shown in fig. 2, the operating temperature and pressure of the expander can be increased by transferring heat in the heat storage medium, which is output from the second heat tank 124 to the second cold tank 123, to the medium expander 11 by the second reheater 122. Therefore, the energy conversion efficiency can be improved, the system can more effectively convert heat energy into mechanical energy or electric energy, and the power output of the expander can also be improved. This may increase the power generation capacity of the generator, increase the power density of the system, and reduce the loss of thermal energy, increasing the utilization of energy.
In one embodiment, the first liquid medium is ammonia.
The following describes in detail the specific structure and working principle of the nested energy storage system provided in the present application through 2 specific embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the compressed medium energy storage circuit includes:
the first medium reservoir 8, the first medium reservoir 8 is for storing a first liquid medium.
The liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first medium reservoir 8, and the first heat exchanger 5 is used for gasifying a first liquid medium into a gaseous medium and generating first heat.
The medium compression assembly 15, the air inlet of the medium compression assembly 15 communicates with the air outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, and the medium compression assembly 15 is used for compressing and condensing the gaseous medium into a second liquid medium.
The liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir 9 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the medium compression assembly 15, and the second medium reservoir 9 is used for storing second liquid medium.
The medium expansion assembly 16, the liquid inlet of the medium expansion assembly 16 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir 9, and the medium expansion assembly 16 is used for gasifying and expanding the second liquid medium output by the second medium reservoir 9 to generate power.
The second heat exchanger 6, the air inlet of the second heat exchanger 6 is communicated with the air outlet of the medium expansion assembly 16, the liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 6 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the first medium reservoir 8, and the second heat exchanger 6 is used for condensing the gaseous medium output by the medium expansion assembly 16 and generating second heat.
The compressed carbon dioxide energy storage circuit comprises:
the first carbon dioxide store 1, the first carbon dioxide store 1 is used for exporting first gaseous carbon dioxide.
The carbon dioxide compressor 3, the air inlet of carbon dioxide compressor 3 and the gas outlet intercommunication of first carbon dioxide storehouse 1, and carbon dioxide compressor 3 is used for compressing first gaseous carbon dioxide, and wherein, the gas outlet of carbon dioxide compressor 3 and the air inlet intercommunication of first heat exchanger 5, first heat exchanger 5 are used for carrying out condensation treatment to first gaseous carbon dioxide and liquid carbon dioxide and produce the third heat to and exchange first heat and third heat.
The liquid inlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, the liquid outlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger 6, and the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide; the second heat exchanger 6 is used for gasifying the liquid carbon dioxide output by the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 into second gaseous carbon dioxide and generating fourth heat, and exchanging the second heat with the fourth heat.
The carbon dioxide expander 4, the air inlet of carbon dioxide expander 4 communicates with the gas outlet of second heat exchanger 6, the gas outlet of carbon dioxide expander 4 communicates with the air inlet of first carbon dioxide warehouse 1, and carbon dioxide expander 4 is used for carrying out expansion power generation to second gaseous carbon dioxide.
The working method (namely an energy storage and release method) adopting the nested energy storage system comprises the following steps:
(1) Energy storage stage:
when the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is in the energy storage stage and stores low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide, the state of the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is close to the triple point, the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into solid and gaseous carbon dioxide when the energy storage working condition is gasified, the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 outputs the gaseous carbon dioxide, the gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed by the carbon dioxide compressor 3 to enable the gaseous carbon dioxide to be compressed from the low-pressure state to the high-pressure state, the gaseous carbon dioxide is condensed into the liquid carbon dioxide by the first heat exchanger 5, and the liquid carbon dioxide is input into the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2. Synchronously, the first medium reservoir 8 outputs liquid medium, is compressed and processed by the medium compression assembly 15 to be condensed into liquid medium, and is input into the second medium reservoir 9.
(2) Energy release stage:
when the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is in the energy release stage and stores low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide, the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 outputs liquid carbon dioxide, the liquid carbon dioxide is gasified into gaseous carbon dioxide through the second heat exchanger 6, the gaseous carbon dioxide is expanded to a low-pressure state from a high-pressure state through the carbon dioxide expander 4 and then the generator is driven to generate power, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is input into the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1; synchronously, the second medium reservoir 9 outputs a liquid medium, the liquid medium is gasified into a gaseous medium through the evaporator 14, the liquid medium with the medium output by the second medium reservoir 9 is gasified and expanded to generate power through the medium expansion assembly 16, and the liquid medium is condensed into a liquid medium through the second heat exchanger 6 and then is input into the first medium reservoir 8.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, the compressed medium energy storage circuit includes:
the first medium reservoir 8, the first medium reservoir 8 is for storing a first liquid medium.
The liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first medium reservoir 8, and the first heat exchanger 5 is used for gasifying a first liquid medium into a gaseous medium and generating first heat.
The medium compression assembly 15, the air inlet of the medium compression assembly 15 communicates with the air outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, and the medium compression assembly 15 is used for compressing and condensing the gaseous medium into a second liquid medium.
The liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir 9 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the medium compression assembly 15, and the second medium reservoir 9 is used for storing second liquid medium.
The medium expansion assembly 16 includes:
the evaporator 14, the liquid inlet of the evaporator 14 communicates with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir 9, and the evaporator 14 is used for gasifying the second liquid medium with the output of the second medium reservoir 9.
The medium expander 11, the air inlet of medium expander 11 communicates with the gas outlet of evaporimeter 14, and medium expander 11 is used for carrying out expansion electricity generation to the gaseous medium that evaporimeter 14 output.
The medium expansion assembly 16, the liquid inlet of the medium expansion assembly 16 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir 9, and the medium expansion assembly 16 is used for gasifying and expanding the second liquid medium output by the second medium reservoir 9 to generate power.
The media compression assembly 15 includes:
the medium compressor 10, the air inlet of medium compressor 10 communicates with the gas outlet of first heat exchanger 5, and medium compressor 10 is used for compressing gaseous medium.
The air inlet of the condenser 13 is communicated with the air outlet of the medium compressor 10, the liquid outlet of the condenser 13 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir 9, and the condenser 13 is used for condensing the gaseous medium into a second liquid medium.
The second heat exchanger 6, the air inlet of the second heat exchanger 6 is communicated with the air outlet of the medium expansion assembly 16, the liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 6 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the first medium reservoir 8, and the second heat exchanger 6 is used for condensing the gaseous medium output by the medium expansion assembly 16 and generating second heat.
The second heat storage component 12, the air inlet of the second heat storage component 12 is communicated with the air outlet of the medium compressor 10, the air inlet of the condenser 13 is communicated with the air outlet of the second heat storage component 12, the air outlet of the evaporator 14 is communicated with the air inlet of the second heat storage component 12, the air inlet of the medium expander 11 is communicated with the other air outlet of the evaporator 14, and the second heat storage component 12 is used for recovering heat generated by compressing the gaseous medium and heating the gaseous medium output by the evaporator 14.
The second heat storage assembly 12 includes:
the second heat recoverer 121, the air inlet of the second heat recoverer 121 communicates with air outlet of the medium compressor 10, the second heat recoverer 121 is used for recovering the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10;
the second cooling tank 123, the outlet of the second cooling tank 123 is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the second heat recoverer 121, and the second cooling tank 123 outputs the heat storage medium for absorbing the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10 to obtain a second heat-absorbed heat storage medium;
the second heat tank 124, the inlet of the second heat tank 124 is communicated with the outlet of the second heat recoverer 121, and the second heat tank 124 is used for receiving and storing the second heat storage medium after absorbing heat.
The second heat storage assembly 12 includes:
the second reheater 122, the air inlet of the second reheater 122 is communicated with the air outlet of the evaporator 14, the heat storage medium inlet of the second reheater 122 is communicated with the outlet of the second heat tank 124, the air outlet of the second reheater 122 is respectively communicated with the air outlet of the medium expander 11, the heat storage medium outlet of the second reheater 122 is communicated with the inlet of the second cold tank 123, and the second reheater 122 is used for transferring the heat in the heat storage medium output by the second heat tank 124 to the second cold tank 123 to the gaseous medium output by the evaporator 14.
The compressed carbon dioxide energy storage circuit comprises:
the first carbon dioxide store 1, the first carbon dioxide store 1 is used for exporting first gaseous carbon dioxide.
The carbon dioxide compressor 3, the air inlet of carbon dioxide compressor 3 and the gas outlet intercommunication of first carbon dioxide storehouse 1, and carbon dioxide compressor 3 is used for compressing first gaseous carbon dioxide, and wherein, the gas outlet of carbon dioxide compressor 3 and the air inlet intercommunication of first heat exchanger 5, first heat exchanger 5 are used for carrying out condensation treatment to first gaseous carbon dioxide and liquid carbon dioxide and produce the third heat to and exchange first heat and third heat.
The liquid inlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, the liquid outlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger 6, and the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide; the second heat exchanger 6 is used for gasifying the liquid carbon dioxide output by the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 into second gaseous carbon dioxide and generating fourth heat, and exchanging the second heat with the fourth heat.
The carbon dioxide expander 4, the air inlet of carbon dioxide expander 4 communicates with the gas outlet of second heat exchanger 6, the gas outlet of carbon dioxide expander 4 communicates with the air inlet of first carbon dioxide warehouse 1, and carbon dioxide expander 4 is used for carrying out expansion power generation to second gaseous carbon dioxide.
The first heat accumulation assembly 7, the air inlet of first heat accumulation assembly 7 communicates with the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor 3, the gas outlet of first heat accumulation assembly 7 communicates with the air inlet of the first heat exchanger 5, another air inlet of first heat accumulation assembly 7 communicates with the gas outlet of the second heat exchanger 6, another air outlet of first heat accumulation assembly 7 communicates with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide expander 4, first heat accumulation assembly 7 is used for retrieving compression heat, and heat the gaseous carbon dioxide that the second heat exchanger 6 exports.
The first heat storage assembly 7 includes:
the first heat recoverer 71, the air inlet of the first heat recoverer 71 is communicated with the air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor 3, and the first heat recoverer 71 is used for recovering the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor.
The outlet of the first cold tank 73 is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the first heat recoverer 71, and the first cold tank 73 outputs heat storage medium for receiving the heat discharged by the carbon dioxide compressor 3 so as to obtain heat storage medium after first heat absorption.
The first heat tank 74, the inlet of the first heat tank 74 communicates with the heat storage medium outlet of the first heat recoverer 71, and the first heat tank 74 is configured to receive and store the heat storage medium after the first heat absorption.
The air inlet of the first reheater 72 is communicated with the air outlet of the second heat exchanger 6, the heat storage medium inlet of the first reheater 72 is communicated with the outlet of the first heat tank 74, the air outlet of the first reheater 72 is communicated with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide expander 4, the heat storage medium outlet of the first reheater 72 is communicated with the inlet of the first cold tank 73, and the first reheater 72 is used for transferring heat in the heat storage medium output to the first heat tank 74 to the first cold tank 73 to the second gaseous carbon dioxide.
The working method (namely an energy storage and release method) adopting the nested energy storage system comprises the following steps:
(1) Energy storage stage:
when the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is in the energy storage stage and stores low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide, the state of the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is close to the triple point, the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into solid and gaseous carbon dioxide when the energy storage working condition is gasified, the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 outputs the gaseous carbon dioxide, the gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed by the carbon dioxide compressor 3 to be compressed from the low-pressure state to the high-pressure state, the compression heat is recovered and stored by the first heat storage component 7, the first heat recovery device 71 of the first heat storage component 7 recovers the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor, the first cold tank 73 is used for receiving the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor 3, the first heat tank 74 is used for receiving the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor 3 and storing the exhaust heat into a heat storage medium of the first heat tank 74, the gaseous carbon dioxide is condensed into the liquid carbon dioxide by the first heat exchanger 5, and the liquid carbon dioxide is input into the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2. In synchronization, the first medium reservoir 8 outputs liquid medium, and then the compressed heat is recovered and stored through the second heat storage component 12, wherein the second heat recoverer 121 in the second heat storage component 12 is used for recovering the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10, the second cold tank 123 is used for receiving the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10, and the second heat tank 124 is used for receiving the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10 and storing the exhaust heat into the heat storage medium of the second heat tank 124. Then compressed by a medium compressor 10, condensed into a liquid medium by a condenser 13, and then input into a second medium reservoir 9.
When the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is in the energy storage stage and stores gaseous carbon dioxide at normal temperature and normal pressure, the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 outputs gaseous carbon dioxide, the gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed by the carbon dioxide compressor 3 to be compressed from a low pressure state to a high pressure state, compression heat is recovered by the first heat storage component 7 and stored, wherein the first heat recovery device 71 of the first heat storage component 7 recovers exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor, the first cold tank 73 is used for receiving the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor 3, the first heat tank 74 is used for receiving the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor 3 and storing the exhaust heat into a heat storage medium of the first heat tank 74, the liquid carbon dioxide is condensed by the first heat exchanger 5, and the liquid carbon dioxide is input into the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2. In synchronization, the first medium reservoir 8 outputs liquid medium, and then the compressed heat is recovered and stored through the second heat storage assembly 12, wherein the second heat recoverer 121 of the second heat storage assembly 12 is used for recovering the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10, the second cold tank 123 is used for receiving the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10, and the second heat tank 124 is used for receiving the exhaust heat of the medium compressor 10 and storing the exhaust heat into the heat storage medium of the second heat tank 124. Then compressed by a medium compressor 10, condensed into a liquid medium by a condenser 13, and then input into a second medium reservoir 9.
(2) Energy release stage:
when the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is in the energy release stage and stores low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide, the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 outputs liquid carbon dioxide, the liquid carbon dioxide is gasified into gaseous carbon dioxide through the second heat exchanger 6 and then is reheated through the first heat storage component 7, wherein the first reheater 72 is used for transferring heat in the heat storage medium output from the first heat tank 74 to the first cold tank 73 to the carbon dioxide expander 4, and then expanding the gaseous carbon dioxide from a high-pressure state to a low-pressure state through the carbon dioxide expander 4 and pushing the generator to generate power, and then inputting the gaseous carbon dioxide into the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1; synchronously, the second medium reservoir 9 outputs a liquid medium, the liquid medium is gasified into a gaseous medium through the evaporator 14, and then the gaseous medium is reheated through the second heat storage component 12, wherein the second reheater 122 in the second heat storage component 12 transfers the heat in the heat storage medium, which is output from the second heat tank 124 to the second cold tank 123, to the medium expander 11, and then the gaseous medium is expanded from a high-pressure state to a low-pressure state through the medium expander 11, and the generator is driven to generate power, and then the gaseous medium is condensed into the liquid medium through the second heat exchanger 6, and then the liquid medium is input into the first medium reservoir 8.
When the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1 is in the energy release stage and stores gaseous carbon dioxide at normal temperature and normal pressure, the second carbon dioxide reservoir 2 outputs liquid carbon dioxide, the liquid carbon dioxide is gasified into gaseous carbon dioxide through the second heat exchanger 6 and then is reheated through the first heat storage component 7, wherein the first reheater 72 is used for transferring heat in the heat storage medium output by the first heat tank 74 to the first cold tank 73 to the carbon dioxide expander 4, and then expanding the gaseous carbon dioxide from a high-pressure state to a low-pressure state through the carbon dioxide expander 4 and pushing the generator to generate power, and then inputting the gaseous carbon dioxide into the first carbon dioxide reservoir 1; synchronously, the second medium reservoir 9 outputs a liquid medium, the liquid medium is gasified into a gaseous medium through the evaporator 14, and then the gaseous medium is reheated through the second heat storage component 12, wherein the second reheater 122 in the second heat storage component 12 transfers the heat in the heat storage medium, which is output from the second heat tank 124 to the second cold tank 123, to the medium expander 11, and then the gaseous medium is expanded from a high-pressure state to a low-pressure state through the medium expander 11, and the generator is driven to generate power, and then the gaseous medium is condensed into the liquid medium through the second heat exchanger 6, and then the liquid medium is input into the first medium reservoir 8.
The basic principles of the present application have been described above in connection with specific embodiments, however, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and not limiting, and these advantages, benefits, effects, etc. are not to be considered as necessarily possessed by the various embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and understanding only, and are not intended to be limiting, as the application is not intended to be limited to the details disclosed herein as such.
It is also noted that in the apparatus, devices and methods of the present application, the components or steps may be disassembled and/or assembled. Such decomposition and/or recombination should be considered equivalent to the present application.
The previous description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments is provided for the purpose of illustration only, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A nested energy storage system, comprising: a compressed medium energy storage loop and a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage loop;
wherein, the compressed medium energy storage circuit includes:
a first medium reservoir (8) for storing a first liquid medium;
the liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger (5) is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first medium reservoir (8), and the first heat exchanger (5) is used for gasifying the first liquid medium into a gaseous medium and generating first heat;
a medium compression assembly (15), wherein an air inlet of the medium compression assembly (15) is communicated with an air outlet of the first heat exchanger (5), and the medium compression assembly (15) is used for compressing and condensing the gaseous medium into a second liquid medium;
the liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir (9) is communicated with the liquid outlet of the medium compression assembly (15), and the second medium reservoir (9) is used for storing the second liquid medium;
The liquid inlet of the medium expansion assembly (16) is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir (9), and the medium expansion assembly (16) is used for gasifying and expanding the second liquid medium output by the second medium reservoir (9) to generate power;
the air inlet of the second heat exchanger (6) is communicated with the air outlet of the medium expansion assembly (16), the liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger (6) is communicated with the liquid inlet of the first medium reservoir (8), and the second heat exchanger (6) is used for condensing the gaseous medium output by the medium expansion assembly (16) and generating second heat;
the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage circuit comprises:
a first carbon dioxide store (1), the first carbon dioxide store (1) being configured to output a first gaseous carbon dioxide;
a carbon dioxide compressor (3), wherein an air inlet of the carbon dioxide compressor (3) is communicated with an air outlet of the first carbon dioxide reservoir (1), and the carbon dioxide compressor (3) is used for compressing the first gaseous carbon dioxide; the air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor (3) is communicated with the air inlet of the first heat exchanger (5), and the first heat exchanger (5) is used for condensing the first gaseous carbon dioxide into liquid carbon dioxide and generating third heat, and exchanging the first heat with the third heat;
The liquid inlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir (2) is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger (5), the liquid outlet of the second carbon dioxide reservoir (2) is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger (6), and the second carbon dioxide reservoir (2) is used for storing the liquid carbon dioxide; the second heat exchanger (6) is used for gasifying the liquid carbon dioxide output by the second carbon dioxide reservoir (2) into second gaseous carbon dioxide and generating fourth heat, and exchanging the second heat with the fourth heat;
the carbon dioxide expander (4), the air inlet of carbon dioxide expander (4) with the gas outlet intercommunication of second heat exchanger (6), the gas outlet of carbon dioxide expander (4) with the air inlet intercommunication of first carbon dioxide warehouse (1), carbon dioxide expander (4) are used for carrying out expansion electricity generation to second gaseous carbon dioxide.
2. The nested energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the compressed carbon dioxide energy storage circuit further comprises a first heat storage component (7), an air inlet of the first heat storage component (7) is communicated with an air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor (3), an air outlet of the first heat storage component (7) is communicated with an air inlet of the first heat exchanger (5), another air inlet of the first heat storage component (7) is communicated with an air outlet of the second heat exchanger (6), another air outlet of the first heat storage component (7) is communicated with an air inlet of the carbon dioxide expander (4), and the first heat storage component (7) is used for recovering compression heat and heating gaseous carbon dioxide output by the second heat exchanger (6).
3. The nested energy storage system of claim 2, wherein the first heat storage assembly (7) comprises:
a first heat recoverer (71), wherein an air inlet of the first heat recoverer (71) is communicated with an air outlet of the carbon dioxide compressor (3), and the first heat recoverer (71) is used for recovering exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor (3);
the outlet of the first cold tank (73) is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the first heat recoverer (71), and the first cold tank (73) outputs a heat storage medium for receiving the exhaust heat of the carbon dioxide compressor (3) so as to obtain a first heat-absorbing heat storage medium;
-a first heat tank (74), an inlet of the first heat tank (74) being in communication with a heat storage medium outlet of the first heat recoverer (71), the first heat tank (74) being for receiving and storing the first heat absorbed heat storage medium.
4. A nested energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that the first heat storage assembly (7) comprises:
the heat storage device comprises a first heat recovery device (72), wherein an air inlet of the first heat recovery device (72) is communicated with an air outlet of a second heat exchanger (6), a heat storage medium inlet of the first heat recovery device (72) is communicated with an outlet of a first heat tank (74), an air outlet of the first heat recovery device (72) is communicated with an air inlet of a carbon dioxide expansion machine (4), a heat storage medium outlet of the first heat recovery device (72) is communicated with an inlet of a first cold tank (73), and the first heat recovery device (72) is used for transmitting heat in the heat storage medium output to the first cold tank (73) to the second gaseous carbon dioxide.
5. The nested energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the media compression assembly (15) comprises:
a medium compressor (10), wherein an air inlet of the medium compressor (10) is communicated with an air outlet of the first heat exchanger (5), and the medium compressor (10) is used for compressing the gaseous medium;
the air inlet of the condenser (13) is communicated with the air outlet of the medium compressor (10), the liquid outlet of the condenser (13) is communicated with the liquid inlet of the second medium reservoir (9), and the condenser (13) is used for condensing the gaseous medium into the second liquid medium.
6. The nested energy storage system of claim 5, wherein the media expansion assembly (16) comprises:
the liquid inlet of the evaporator (14) is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second medium reservoir (9), and the evaporator (14) is used for gasifying a second liquid medium output by the second medium reservoir (9);
the medium expander (11), the air inlet of medium expander (11) with the gas outlet intercommunication of evaporimeter (14), medium expander (11) are used for carrying out the expansion electricity generation to the gaseous medium of evaporimeter (14) output.
7. The nested energy storage system of claim 6, wherein the compressed medium energy storage circuit comprises a second heat storage assembly (12), an air inlet of the second heat storage assembly (12) is communicated with an air outlet of the medium compressor (10), an air inlet of the condenser (13) is communicated with an air outlet of the second heat storage assembly (12), an air outlet of the evaporator (14) is communicated with an air inlet of the second heat storage assembly (12), an air inlet of the medium expander (11) is communicated with an air outlet of the evaporator (14), and the second heat storage assembly (12) is used for recovering heat generated by compressing the gaseous medium and heating the gaseous medium output by the evaporator (14).
8. The nested energy storage system of claim 7, wherein the second heat storage assembly (12) comprises:
a second heat recoverer (121), wherein an air inlet of the second heat recoverer (121) is communicated with an air outlet of the medium compressor (10), and the second heat recoverer (121) is used for recovering exhaust heat of the medium compressor (10);
the outlet of the second cold tank (123) is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the second heat recoverer (121), and the second cold tank (123) outputs heat storage medium for receiving the exhaust heat of the medium compressor (10) so as to obtain second heat-absorbed heat storage medium;
And the inlet of the second heat tank (124) is communicated with the air outlet of the second heat recoverer (121), and the second heat tank (124) is used for receiving and storing the second heat storage medium after absorbing heat.
9. The nested energy storage system of claim 8, wherein the second heat storage assembly (12) comprises:
the air inlet of the second reheater (122) is communicated with the air outlet of the evaporator (14), the heat storage medium inlet of the second reheater (122) is communicated with the outlet of the second heat tank (124), the air outlet of the second reheater (122) is communicated with the air outlet of the medium expander (11), the heat storage medium outlet of the second reheater (122) is communicated with the inlet of the second cold tank (123), and the second reheater (122) is used for transferring heat in the heat storage medium output from the second heat tank (124) to the second cold tank (123) to the gaseous medium output from the evaporator (14).
10. The nested energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the first liquid medium is ammonia.
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CN112325497A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-02-05 青岛科技大学 Liquefied carbon dioxide energy storage system and application thereof
CN115930475A (en) * 2022-03-25 2023-04-07 浙江高晟光热发电技术研究院有限公司 Heat pump energy storage system of combined heat and power supply
CN116447769A (en) * 2023-06-16 2023-07-18 百穰新能源科技(深圳)有限公司 Carbon dioxide energy storage system
CN117232163A (en) * 2023-10-24 2023-12-15 青岛科技大学 Carbon dioxide mixed working medium heat pump energy storage system and operation method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112325497A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-02-05 青岛科技大学 Liquefied carbon dioxide energy storage system and application thereof
CN115930475A (en) * 2022-03-25 2023-04-07 浙江高晟光热发电技术研究院有限公司 Heat pump energy storage system of combined heat and power supply
CN116447769A (en) * 2023-06-16 2023-07-18 百穰新能源科技(深圳)有限公司 Carbon dioxide energy storage system
CN117232163A (en) * 2023-10-24 2023-12-15 青岛科技大学 Carbon dioxide mixed working medium heat pump energy storage system and operation method

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