CN117450128A - Flow distributor, multi-way valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery - Google Patents

Flow distributor, multi-way valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117450128A
CN117450128A CN202311616947.0A CN202311616947A CN117450128A CN 117450128 A CN117450128 A CN 117450128A CN 202311616947 A CN202311616947 A CN 202311616947A CN 117450128 A CN117450128 A CN 117450128A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cavity
valve
flow
chamber
valve core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202311616947.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李固
高名乾
王宜前
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangxi Zhongyuan Machinery Co ltd
Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangxi Zhongyuan Machinery Co ltd
Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangxi Zhongyuan Machinery Co ltd, Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Guangxi Zhongyuan Machinery Co ltd
Priority to CN202311616947.0A priority Critical patent/CN117450128A/en
Publication of CN117450128A publication Critical patent/CN117450128A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/021—Valves for interconnecting the fluid chambers of an actuator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20546—Type of pump variable capacity

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic technology, and in order to solve the problems that the composite action of the existing flow distributor is not coordinated and the load pressure building response is not rapid in a small flow operation state, the invention constructs a flow distributor, a multi-way valve, a variable hydraulic system and engineering machinery, wherein the flow distributor is internally provided with a valve core cavity and an Ls flow supplementing oil duct in a valve rod, a valve core is arranged in the valve core cavity, a first end cavity of the valve core is communicated with the Pa/Pb cavity, and a second end cavity of the valve core is communicated with the Ls cavity; two ends of the Ls flow supplementing oil duct are respectively communicated with the P1 cavity and the Ls cavity; the valve core is configured to turn on the Ls flow supplement oil passage when the pressure of the first end chamber is greater than that of the second end chamber, and to turn off the Ls flow supplement oil passage otherwise. In the invention, the Ls flow supplementing oil duct is controlled to be opened and closed by the pressure of the Pa/Pb cavity, the pressure of the Pa/Pb cavity is the actual load pressure, and the Ls flow supplementing oil duct can be opened in a quick response manner under a small flow operating state to establish the load feedback pressure.

Description

Flow distributor, multi-way valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to hydraulic technology, and more particularly, to a flow distributor, a multi-way valve, a hydraulic system, and a construction machine.
Background
In a load-sensitive hydraulic system, a variable pump acquires a load pressure signal from a multi-way valve, and adjusts the displacement of the variable pump according to the load pressure signal to input corresponding flow. In the multiplex valve, a multiplex control main valve is usually arranged for controlling a plurality of hydraulic actuators for individual or composite actuation.
Fig. 1 and 2 show a conventional flow distributor, in which after a flow distributor 1 is connected to a valve of a control main valve 2, when the control main valve 2 has a reversing operation, pressure oil from a variable pump acts on a P1 cavity of the flow distributor 1 through a valve core oil path of the control main valve 2, a valve rod 20 of the flow distributor 1 is pushed to move toward a spring cavity 14, so that the P1 cavity 11 is communicated with a Pa/Pb cavity 12, and the pressure oil in the Pa/Pb cavity 11 flows to a hydraulic actuator through an operating port a or a port B in the valve core oil path of the control main valve 2. After the valve rod 20 moves a certain distance to the spring cavity 14, the P1 cavity 11 is communicated with the Ls cavity 13 through the Ls flow supplementing oil duct 21, and flow is provided for the Ls cavity 13, and meanwhile, the Ls cavity 13 is communicated with the spring cavity 14, so that the pressure of the P1 cavity 11 is compared with the pressure of the Ls cavity 14 on the valve rod 20.
In the prior art, when multiple hydraulic actuators controlled by the multiple-way valve perform multiple-way compound actions, the flow distributors 11 of each way are compared according to the pressures of the P1 cavity 11 and the Ls cavity 13, and according to the positions of the valve rods 20 of the flow distributors 1 of each way, the pressure compensation from the P1 cavity 11 to the Pa/Pb cavity 12 is realized, so that the flow of the P1 cavity 11 to each way is not influenced by load. In the flow rate distributor 1, the position of the valve rod 20 is automatically adjusted by comparing the pressures of the spring chamber 14 and the P1 chamber 11, thereby adjusting the valve port opening between the P1 chamber 11 and the Pa/Pb chamber 12. An Ls flow supplementing oil passage 21 is provided on the valve stem 20 for supplementing the flow to the Ls cavity 13, wherein the Ls flow supplementing oil passage 21 needs to be conducted when the valve stem 20 moves a certain distance. When the flow input by the P1 cavity 11 is smaller but the load is large, the displacement of the valve rod 20 is also smaller, the Ls flow supplementing oil duct 21 may not be opened, the pressure of the P1 cavity 11 cannot be fed back to the Ls cavity 13 through the s flow supplementing oil duct 21 to control the flow in the main oil duct of the main valve 2, the flow can be input to an actuating mechanism with small load, the actuating mechanism with large load has small flow, even the problem that the compound action cannot be performed or the compound action is uncooled when the whole engine is idling is solved.
In addition, in the prior art, the P1 chamber 11 is communicated with the Ls chamber 13 through the Ls flow supplement oil passage 21 to provide the flow, and the valve stem 20 is required to move a large distance toward the spring chamber, that is, the valve port between the P1 chamber 11 and the Pa/Pb chamber 12 is opened to the corresponding position, which makes the Ls chamber 13 not to establish the pressure response quickly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing flow distributor has inconsistent compound actions and an ineffective load pressure building response under a small flow operation state, and provides a flow distributor, a multi-way valve, a hydraulic system and engineering machinery.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: there is provided a flow distributor comprising a valve body, a valve stem disposed within the valve body; the valve body is internally provided with a P1 cavity, a Pa/Pb cavity, an Ls cavity and a spring cavity, the P1 cavity is positioned at the first end of the valve rod, the spring cavity is positioned at the second end of the valve rod and is communicated with the Ls cavity, and the valve rod is used for controlling the opening of a valve port between the P1 cavity and the Pa/Pb cavity; a spring with two ends respectively axially abutted against the second end of the valve rod and the valve body is arranged in the spring cavity;
a valve core cavity and an Ls flow supplementing oil duct are arranged in the valve rod, a valve core is arranged in the valve core cavity, a first end cavity of the valve core is communicated with the Pa/Pb cavity, and a second end cavity of the valve core is communicated with the Ls cavity; two ends of the Ls flow supplementing oil duct are respectively communicated with the P1 cavity and the Ls cavity; the valve core is configured to turn on the Ls flow supplement oil passage when the pressure of the first end chamber is greater than that of the second end chamber, and to turn off the Ls flow supplement oil passage otherwise.
In the flow distributor, the first end of the valve core cavity is provided with a first plug for blocking and isolating the first end cavity of the valve core from the P1 cavity.
In the flow distributor, the second end of the valve core cavity is provided with the second plug, and the second plug is provided with the damping hole which is communicated with the cavity at the first end of the valve core and the spring cavity.
In the flow distributor, a communication oil duct for communicating the spring cavity with the Ls cavity is arranged in the valve rod.
In the flow distributor, the valve body comprises a plug which is opposite to the second end of the valve rod and is in threaded connection with the main body of the valve body, and the spring is abutted against the plug; the P1 cavity is provided with a step for axially limiting the first end of the valve rod.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a multiway valve, including the multiple control main valve, each allies oneself with the main valve of control all is furnished with aforementioned flow distributor, and the P1 chamber and the Pa/Pb chamber of each flow distributor communicate with the main oil circuit export and the working oil circuit entry in the corresponding control main valve, and the Ls chamber of each flow distributor communicates each other.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: there is provided a hydraulic system having the aforementioned multiway valve. Further, a hydraulic pump for supplying oil to the multi-way valve in the hydraulic system is a variable pump, and Ls cavities 13 of the flow distributors 1 which are mutually communicated in the multi-way valve are connected with a load feedback port of the variable pump through an oil way; or a hydraulic pump for supplying oil to the multi-way valve in the hydraulic system is a constant displacement pump.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: there is provided a construction machine having the above-described multiple-way valve or the above-described hydraulic system.
Compared with the prior art, in the invention, the Ls flow supplementing oil duct is controlled to be opened and closed by the pressure of the Pa/Pb cavity, the pressure of the Pa/Pb cavity is the actual load pressure, and the Ls flow supplementing oil duct can be opened in a quick response manner under a small flow operating state to establish the load feedback pressure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional flow distributor.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control main valve and a flow distributor in a conventional multi-way valve.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the flow distributor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flow distributor according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control main valve and the flow distributor in the multiway valve of the present invention.
Part names and serial numbers in the figure:
a flow distributor 1, a control main valve 2.
The valve comprises a valve body 10, a P1 cavity 11, a Pa/Pb cavity 12, an Ls cavity 13, a spring cavity 14, a plug 15, a spring 16 and a communication oil duct 17.
Valve rod 20, ls flow supplement oil duct 21, first plug 22, second plug 23, damping hole 24.
A spool 40, a spool first end chamber 41, a spool second end chamber 42.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the flow rate dispenser 1 includes a valve body 10, a valve stem 20 disposed within the valve body 10; the valve body 10 is internally provided with a P1 cavity 11, a Pa/Pb cavity 12, an Ls cavity 13 and a spring cavity 14, wherein the P1 cavity 11 is positioned at a first end of the valve rod 20, the spring cavity 14 is positioned at a second end of the valve rod 20 and is communicated with the Ls cavity 13, and the valve rod 20 is used for controlling the opening of a valve port between the P1 cavity 11 and the Pa/Pb cavity 12; a spring 16 is provided in the spring chamber 14, with both ends thereof axially abutting against the second end of the valve stem 20 and the valve body 10, respectively.
A spool chamber and Ls flow supplement oil passage 21 are provided in the valve stem 20, a spool 40 is disposed in the spool chamber, and the spool 40 divides the spool chamber into a spool first end chamber 41 and a spool second end chamber 42. The first end chamber 41 of the valve core is communicated with the Pa/Pb cavity 12, and the second end chamber 42 of the valve core is communicated with the Ls cavity 13; both ends of the Ls flow supplementing oil passage 21 are respectively communicated with the P1 cavity 11 and the Ls cavity 13; the spool 40 is configured to turn on the Ls flow rate supplement oil passage 21 when the spool first end chamber 41 pressure thereof is greater than the spool second end chamber 42 pressure, and otherwise to turn off the Ls flow rate supplement oil passage 21.
As shown in fig. 3, the valve core cavity is formed by respectively installing a first plug and a second plug at two ends of a shaft hole in the valve rod, wherein a damping hole is arranged on the second plug, and the damping hole is communicated with the spring cavity. The first plug is used for blocking and isolating the first end cavity and the P1 cavity of the valve core. The communication oil passage 17 that communicates the spring chamber 14 with the Ls chamber 13 is provided in the valve stem 20, and the spool second end chamber 42 communicates with the Ls chamber 13 through the spring chamber 14, the communication oil passage 17.
The valve body 10 comprises a plug 15 which is opposite to the second end of the valve rod 20 and is in threaded connection with the main body of the valve body 10, and a spring 16 is abutted against the plug 15; the P1 chamber 11 has a step that axially limits the first end of the valve stem 20.
The present embodiment provides a multi-way valve, as shown in fig. 5, which includes multiple control main valves 2 (only one control main valve is shown in the figure), each of the multiple control main valves 2 is provided with the aforementioned flow distributors 1, the P1 chamber 11 of each flow distributor 1 is communicated with the main oil path outlet in the corresponding control main valve, the Pa/Pb chamber 12 of each flow distributor 1 is communicated with the working oil path inlet, and the Ls chambers 13 of each flow distributor 1 are mutually communicated.
In the multiway valve, the P port of each control main valve 2 is connected with a variable pump, when the valve rod of the control main valve 2 moves and changes direction, the P port of the control main valve 2 is communicated with the outlet of a main oil way through a main oil way controlled by the valve rod of the control main valve, the inlet of a working oil way is communicated with the A port or the B port through a working oil way controlled by the valve rod of the control main valve, the A port and the B port are connected with a hydraulic actuator, and hydraulic oil flows from the variable pump to the hydraulic actuator through the P port, the outlet of the main oil way, the P1 cavity 11, the Pa/Pb cavity 12, the inlet of the working oil way, the A port or the B port of the control main valve.
The embodiment provides a hydraulic system, which is provided with the multi-way valve, wherein the P port of the multi-way valve is communicated with the pump port of the variable pump, the Ls cavity 13 of each flow distributor 1 which is mutually communicated in the multi-way valve is connected with the load feedback port of the variable pump through an oil way, and the variable pump controls the displacement of the variable pump according to the load pressure fed back by the Ls cavity 13, so that the adaptive flow is provided for the hydraulic system.
The embodiment provides a hydraulic system, which is provided with the multi-way valve, wherein the P port of the multi-way valve is communicated with the pump port of a hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump can be a constant displacement pump, and Ls cavities 13 of flow distributors 1 in the multi-way valve are communicated with each other. The hydraulic system is a metering system in which Ls chambers 13 of the respective flow distributors 1 that communicate with each other are closed with plugs for Ls ports that are connected to the outside, and load feedback pressure is not supplied to the hydraulic pump.
Embodiments provide a work machine having the aforementioned multi-way valve or the aforementioned hydraulic system. The working machine may be a loader, an excavator, or the like.
In this embodiment, after the main valve 2 is controlled to change direction, the P port of the main valve is controlled to enter the P1 cavity through the main oil passage outlet, pressure is generated in the P1 cavity 11, when the pressure in the P1 cavity 11 is greater than the pressure in the Ls cavity 13, the valve rod 20 moves towards the second end direction, at this time, the P1 cavity 11 is communicated with the Pa/Pb cavity 12, the oil in the P1 cavity 11 flows to the Pa/Pb cavity 12, the oil in the Pa/Pb cavity 12 flows to the working oil passage inlet of the main valve, and flows to the hydraulic actuator through the port a or the port B. Meanwhile, the oil in the Pa/Pb cavity 12 flows to the first end cavity 41 of the valve core, the pressure in the Ls cavity 13 acts on the second end of the valve core 40 through the second end cavity 42 of the valve core, and the pressure comparison between the Ls cavity 13 and the Pa/Pb cavity 12 is realized. When the pressure of the Pa/Pb cavity 12 is greater than the pressure of the Ls cavity 13, the valve core 40 moves towards the second end direction, the Ls flow supplementing oil duct 21 is conducted, as shown in fig. 4, at this time, compared with the pressure before the Ls flow supplementing oil duct 21 is conducted, the pressure of the Ls cavity 13 after the increase is increased, the pressure of the Ls cavity 13 acts on other flow distributors through pipelines, the valve rod 20 in the other flow distributors 1 moves under the action of the pressure of the Ls cavity 13 after the increase and reaches balance again, and in the process of reaching balance, the opening of the valve ports of the P1 cavity 11 and the Pa/Pb cavity 12 is reduced, so that the flow input quantity of the main valve is controlled by other smaller load.
In the present embodiment, by comparing the pressure of the Ls chamber 12 with the pressure of the Pa/Pb chamber 11, it is determined whether the Ls flow supplement oil passage 21 is on, whether the load-sensitive compensation system is established or not depends on the pressure (load pressure) of the Pa/Pb chamber 12 of the flow-rate distributor 1, irrespective of the valve port opening of the P1 chamber 11 to the Pa/Pb chamber 12, and the valve stem 20 does not need to be moved to a predetermined position before responding, so that the load-sensitive compensation system can respond quickly. Because the establishment of the load sensitive compensation system is irrelevant to the opening degree of the valve port between the P1 cavity 11 and the Pa/Pb cavity 12, namely, the load sensitive compensation system can be established under the condition of small flow, the realization that the multiple execution mechanisms can perform compound actions no matter how small the flow is output by the pump is realized.

Claims (10)

1. A flow distributor comprising a valve body, a valve stem disposed within the valve body; the valve body is internally provided with a P1 cavity, a Pa/Pb cavity, an Ls cavity and a spring cavity, the P1 cavity is positioned at the first end of the valve rod, the spring cavity is positioned at the second end of the valve rod and is communicated with the Ls cavity, and the valve rod is used for controlling the opening of a valve port between the P1 cavity and the Pa/Pb cavity; a spring with two ends respectively axially abutted against the second end of the valve rod and the valve body is arranged in the spring cavity; the method is characterized in that:
a valve core cavity and an Ls flow supplementing oil duct are arranged in the valve rod, a valve core is arranged in the valve core cavity, a first end cavity of the valve core is communicated with the Pa/Pb cavity, and a second end cavity of the valve core is communicated with the Ls cavity; two ends of the Ls flow supplementing oil duct are respectively communicated with the P1 cavity and the Ls cavity; the valve core is configured to conduct the Ls flow supplementing oil passage when the pressure of the first end chamber of the valve core is larger than that of the second end chamber of the valve core, and to cut off the Ls flow supplementing oil passage otherwise.
2. The flow distributor of claim 1, wherein the first end of the spool chamber is provided with a first plug that seals off the spool first end chamber from the P1 chamber.
3. The flow distributor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second end of the spool chamber is provided with a second plug, and the second plug is provided with a damping hole communicating the first end chamber of the spool with the spring chamber.
4. A flow distributor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a communication oil passage that communicates the spring chamber with the Ls chamber is provided in the valve stem.
5. The flow distributor of claim 1, wherein said valve body includes a plug directly opposite said valve stem second end and threadably connected to the body of the valve body, said spring abutting said plug; the P1 cavity is provided with a step for axially limiting the first end of the valve rod.
6. A multiway valve comprising multiple control main valves, wherein each of said control main valves is provided with a flow distributor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, the P1 and Pa/Pb chambers of each flow distributor being in communication with the main and working oil circuit inlets in the spool circuit of the corresponding control main valve, and the Ls chambers of each flow distributor being in communication with each other.
7. A hydraulic system having the multiple-way valve of claim 6.
8. The hydraulic system of claim 7, wherein the hydraulic pump supplying oil to the multiple-way valve in the hydraulic system is a variable pump, and Ls chambers of the flow distributors in communication with each other in the multiple-way valve are connected to a load feedback port of the variable pump through an oil path.
9. The hydraulic system of claim 7, wherein the hydraulic pump in the hydraulic system that supplies oil to the multi-way valve is a fixed displacement pump.
10. A construction machine characterized by having a multi-way valve as claimed in claim 6 or a hydraulic system as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9.
CN202311616947.0A 2023-11-30 2023-11-30 Flow distributor, multi-way valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery Pending CN117450128A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311616947.0A CN117450128A (en) 2023-11-30 2023-11-30 Flow distributor, multi-way valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311616947.0A CN117450128A (en) 2023-11-30 2023-11-30 Flow distributor, multi-way valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117450128A true CN117450128A (en) 2024-01-26

Family

ID=89587656

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311616947.0A Pending CN117450128A (en) 2023-11-30 2023-11-30 Flow distributor, multi-way valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117450128A (en)

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