CN117449765A - Multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment for horizontal rope drill rod and data sensing method - Google Patents
Multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment for horizontal rope drill rod and data sensing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117449765A CN117449765A CN202311640361.8A CN202311640361A CN117449765A CN 117449765 A CN117449765 A CN 117449765A CN 202311640361 A CN202311640361 A CN 202311640361A CN 117449765 A CN117449765 A CN 117449765A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001967 Metal rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/16—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors for obtaining oriented cores
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and relates to horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment and a data sensing method, wherein the equipment comprises a rope coring drill rod, an upper drill collar, a suspension joint, a non-magnetic drill collar and an azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple; a pulser nipple, a battery nipple, a main control probe nipple, a wireless receiving nipple and a wireless transmitting nipple are arranged in the non-magnetic drill collar; a plurality of micro engineering parameter detection sensors and azimuth gamma measurement sensors are arranged in the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple. The invention can collect a plurality of engineering parameters, geological parameters and coring while drilling, and solves the problem that the existing drilling and collecting equipment can only collect a single parameter and is additionally provided with a plurality of sensors so as to cause the overlarge volume of the drilling equipment; the micro engineering parameter detection sensor and the azimuth gamma measurement sensor are adopted to realize the drilling of the borehole with the diameter of 89mm; and realizing the real-time transmission of the small-flow mud pulse signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to multisource real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment and a data sensing method.
Background
At present, major engineering construction such as railway engineering, traffic engineering and water conservancy and hydropower diversion engineering is extremely difficult in view of severe natural geographic environmental conditions and complex stratum conditions, vertical exploration of deep-buried long and large tunnels is extremely difficult to move in high mountain gorge valley areas, horizontal rope coring directional drilling is adopted to replace vertical hole exploration and pilot exploration, and green exploration and accurate exploration are realized.
The geological drilling adopts the rope coring drill rod to realize continuous coring drilling, but the coring drilling progress is slow, the platform month efficiency is low, and when not coring, the drilling information and stratum information can be lost, and the geological requirements can not be met.
The conventional data acquisition mode is adopted for geological parameter acquisition, so that the external diameter size is large, a large-displacement pulse generator is needed, and large-flow slurry generated by the large-displacement pulse generator cannot be applied to the geological exploration field, and the slurry displacement in the geological exploration field is small.
According to the technical scheme, the conventional petroleum drilling well is taken as an applicable object, the diameter of an engineering parameter measurement system in the existing market is more than 172mm, the outer diameter of an upper drill collar can limit the structural function of drilling and collecting equipment, and the caliber of the drilling and collecting equipment is larger due to the fact that the conventional sensor module is large in size, and the number and the size of sensors are large. The measuring tool has larger size and easily-reached tool performance index, but the tool equipment is not suitable for drilling a small borehole (not more than phi 96 borehole), and the drilling friction of the small borehole drilling is large, so that the drilling tool torque is large, and accidents of bending and fracture of the drilling tool are easily caused.
The existing drilling acquisition equipment can only acquire single parameters, and the additionally arranged sensor can increase the volume of the drilling equipment, influence the exploration efficiency, cannot be used in the field of geological exploration, and cannot acquire engineering parameters and geological parameters at the same time.
In addition, conventional drilling equipment cannot form mud pulse signals and cannot wirelessly transmit borehole parameters to the surface.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring device and a data sensing method.
The invention provides horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment, which comprises a rope coring drill rod, an upper drill collar, a suspension joint, a non-magnetic drill collar, an azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple;
the upper drill collar is connected with the first end of the non-magnetic drill collar through a suspension joint; the second end of the non-magnetic drill collar is connected with one end of the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple;
the main valve heads are arranged in the upper drill collar and the suspension joint;
a pulser nipple, a battery nipple, a main control probe nipple, a wireless receiving nipple and a wireless transmitting nipple are arranged in the non-magnetic drill collar; the main valve head, the pulser nipple, the battery nipple, the main control probe nipple, the wireless receiving nipple and the wireless transmitting nipple are connected in sequence; a controller, an attitude sensor and an environment sensor are arranged in the main control probe pipe nipple; the attitude sensor and the environment sensor are in electrical signal connection with the controller;
a plurality of micro engineering parameter detection sensors and azimuth gamma measurement sensors are arranged in the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter pup joint;
a pulser and a pulser connecting seat are arranged in the pulser pup joint; the pulse generator is fixed on the pulse generator connecting seat; a valve rod is arranged in the upper drill collar; an inner runner is arranged in the valve rod;
one end of the pulse generator enters the upper drill collar and is connected with one end of the valve rod through a spring, and the other end of the valve rod is fixedly provided with a valve head; the inner wall of the upper drill collar is fixedly provided with a guide ring and a clamping piece is arranged at the position of the valve head;
the circulating mud in the upper drill collar pushes the valve head to move, so that a gap formed between the valve head and the clamping piece is enlarged; when the inner flow passage of the valve rod is opened, the valve rod and the valve head are reset through the spring, so that a gap formed between the valve head and the clamping piece is reduced; the pulse generator generates pulse signals according to the gap change frequency and sends the pulse signals to the wireless receiving and transmitting host computer at the ground end, and the wireless receiving and transmitting host computer at the ground end decodes the pulse signals.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a data sensing method based on horizontal rope drill pipe multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment, comprising the following steps:
the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment utilizes a rope core drill rod to drill and core, simultaneously utilizes a micro engineering parameter detection sensor to collect engineering parameter data in real time, utilizes an environment sensor to collect environment parameters in real time, utilizes an attitude sensor to collect well deviation azimuth in real time, and utilizes an azimuth gamma measurement sensor to collect geological parameter data in real time;
the ground end is provided with a wireless receiving and transmitting host;
the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment transmits the acquired engineering parameters, attitude parameters, environmental parameters and geological parameters to a wireless receiver through a wireless transmitter arranged at a wireless transmitting nipple, and pulse signals are generated by a pulse generator and then transmitted to a wireless transceiver host at the ground end;
the wireless receiving and transmitting host at the ground end receives engineering parameter data and geological parameter data and analyzes the engineering parameter data and the geological parameter data;
the wireless receiving and transmitting host at the ground end generates a control instruction and sends the control instruction to the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment;
the wireless receiver of the wireless receiving nipple of the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment receives the control command and transmits the control command to the controller of the master control probe nipple of the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment;
the controller executes the control instruction to control the coring of the wire-line coring drill rod and control the multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment of the horizontal wire-line drill rod to acquire engineering parameter data and geological parameter data.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the outer diameter of the upper drill collar is 89mm; the displacement of the pup joint of the pulser is 1.5-6L/s.
Further, a centralizing ring is arranged in the non-magnetic drill collar; one end of a battery nipple in the non-magnetic drill collar is connected with one end of the main control exploring pipe nipple through a centralizing ring.
Further, a wireless receiver is arranged in the wireless receiving short section; a wireless transmitter is arranged in the wireless transmitting nipple; the micro engineering parameter detection sensor comprises a micro weight-on-bit sensor, a micro annular pressure sensor, a micro vibration sensor, a micro rotating speed sensor, a micro weight-on-bit torque measurement sensor and an azimuth gamma measurement sensor; the miniature bit pressure sensor, the miniature annular pressure sensor, the miniature vibration sensor, the miniature rotating speed sensor, the miniature bit pressure torque measuring sensor and the azimuth gamma measuring sensor are respectively connected with the electric signals of the controller.
Further, the micro annular pressure sensor adopts a sputtering film pressure sensor, and the measuring range is 0-50 Mpa;
the miniature vibration sensor is arranged on the electronic bin wall of the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple joint, and two biaxial accelerometers fixed at 90 degrees are adopted; fixing by adopting an epoxy adhesive fixing mode;
the miniature rotating speed sensor is an angular rate sensor, and the angular rate sensor is a differential four-sensor; when the rotating speed detection module is installed, the axial direction of the detection chip is consistent with the axial direction of the upper drill collar;
the miniature bit pressure torque measuring sensor adopts a Wheatstone bridge structure, two strain gauges in the same bridge arm direction are connected in series, then the strain gauges in the other bridge arm directions are connected in series, and finally the strain gauges form the Wheatstone bridge structure in all the metal cylindrical grooves.
Further, in the drilling process, the azimuth gamma measurement sensor divides the well bore into a plurality of sectors, the controller records the gamma count value, the sector angle and the data acquisition time of each sector, analyzes the gamma count value, the sector angle and the data acquisition time of each sector after acquisition, and obtains the gamma API scale information and the well deviation information of each sector; the azimuth gamma measurement sensor adopts sodium iodide crystal as a sensor, and the measurement range is 0-512API.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention can collect a plurality of engineering parameters, environment parameters, attitude parameters and geological parameters while drilling, and simultaneously carries out coring operation, thereby overcoming the problems that the existing drilling and collecting equipment can only collect a single parameter and the existing drilling and collecting equipment is additionally provided with a plurality of sensors so as to cause the volume of the drilling equipment to be overlarge and the drilling equipment can not be applied to small-diameter geological exploration;
(2) The invention adopts the micro engineering parameter detection sensor and the azimuth gamma measurement sensor to measure engineering geological parameters at the same time, thereby realizing the well drilling below 89mm;
(3) The invention adopts the small-displacement pulser, and based on the small displacement of geological exploration slurry, the weight and the volume of the slurry pump are small, the high outer annular space pressure of rope coring drilling caused by large displacement is avoided, the geological exploration slurry pump and a drill rod cannot work, the rope coring drilling efficiency is improved, the drilling cost is reduced, and the occurrence of drilling accidents is reduced;
(4) Can realize that low-flow mud drills, generate pulse signal through the clearance change frequency that forms between valve head and the fastener, realize low-flow mud pulse signal real-time transmission for signal transmission has higher stability through pulse signal transmission's mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal rope drill pipe multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring device provided by embodiment 1 of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pulse generator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data sensing method based on a horizontal rope drill pipe multi-source real-time integrated drilling and logging device provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Icon: 1-mounting a drill collar; 2-a suspension joint; 3-a non-magnetic drill collar; 4-azimuth gamma and engineering parameter pup joint; 5-wire coring drill pipe; 6-a main valve head; 7-pulser pup joint; 701-pulse generator; 702-a pulser connection base; 703-a valve stem; 704-a spring; 705-valve head; 706-a deflector ring; 707-clamping piece; 8-battery short section; 9-master control probe pipe nipple; 10-a wireless receiving nipple; 11-a wireless transmitting nipple; 12-centralizing ring.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
As an embodiment, as shown in figure 1, in order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment provides a multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording device for a horizontal rope drill rod, which comprises a rope coring drill rod 1, an upper drill collar 1, a suspension joint 3, a non-magnetic drill collar 4, an azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple 5;
the upper drill collar is connected with the first end of the non-magnetic drill collar 4 through the suspension joint 3; the second end of the non-magnetic drill collar 4 is connected with one end of an azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple 5;
the main valve head 6 is arranged in the upper drill collar 1 and the suspension joint 3;
a pulser nipple 7, a battery nipple 8, a main control probe nipple 9, a wireless receiving nipple 10 and a wireless transmitting nipple 11 are arranged in the non-magnetic drill collar 4; the main valve head 6, the pulser nipple 7, the battery nipple 8, the main control probe nipple 9, the wireless receiving nipple 10 and the wireless transmitting nipple 11 are connected in sequence; a controller, an attitude sensor and an environment sensor are arranged in the main control probe pipe nipple; the attitude sensor and the environment sensor are in electrical signal connection with the controller; optionally, the environmental sensor includes a temperature and humidity sensor;
a plurality of micro engineering parameter detection sensors and azimuth gamma measurement sensors are arranged in the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple 5;
as shown in fig. 3, a pulser 701 and a pulser connecting seat 702 are arranged in the pulser nipple 7; the pulser 701 is fixed on a pulser connection base 702; a valve rod 703 is arranged in the upper drill collar 1; an inner flow passage is arranged in the valve rod 703;
one end of the pulse generator 701 enters the upper drill collar 1 and is connected with one end of the valve rod 703 through a spring 704, and the other end of the valve rod 703 is fixedly provided with a valve head 705; the inner wall of the upper drill collar 1 is fixedly provided with a guide ring 706 and a clamping piece 707 is arranged at the position of the valve head 705;
the circulating mud in the upper drill collar 1 pushes the valve head 705 to move, so that a gap formed between the valve head 705 and the clamping piece 707 becomes larger; when the inner flow path of the valve rod 703 is opened, the valve rod 703 and the valve head 705 are reset through the spring 704, so that a gap formed between the valve head 705 and the clamping piece 707 becomes smaller; the pulse generator 701 generates a pulse signal according to the gap change frequency and transmits the pulse signal to a wireless transceiver host at the ground end, and the wireless transceiver host at the ground end decodes the pulse signal.
The battery nipple 8 is provided with a battery pack for supplying power to the pulser nipple 7, the main control probe nipple 9, the wireless receiving nipple 10, the wireless transmitting nipple 11 and the engineering parameter nipple 5. The measurement data adopts a wireless transmitting and receiving transmission mode, and is communicated with a ground system through the pulse generator and transmitted to the ground, and the mode can transmit the measurement data in real time, so that an engineer on the ground can know the underground condition in time. Meanwhile, the use of the small-displacement pulse generator can also reduce the power consumption for transmitting data, and prolong the service life of the instrument. The wireless transmission mode has the advantages of long transmission distance, strong anti-interference capability, high safety and the like.
Alternatively, the apparatus can enable low flow mud drilling. As an alternative embodiment, the frequency of the pulse signal may be initially set by reducing the size of the internal flow path of the valve stem 703, or by varying the strength of the spring 704.
In the practical application process, the pulse signals are generated through the gap change frequency formed between the valve head 705 and the clamping piece 707, so that the small-flow mud pulse signals are transmitted in real time, and the signal transmission has higher stability in a pulse signal transmission mode.
In the practical application process, the outer diameter of the upper drill collar 1 is 89mm; the displacement of the pulser pup joint 7 is 1.5-6L/s. .
By adopting the upper drill collar 1 with the outer diameter of 89mm and simultaneously setting the engineering parameter nipple 5 and the miniature sensor, the drilling of a small-caliber borehole is realized, in the practical application process, the miniature sensor is adopted, the drilling of the small-caliber borehole is realized, the small-caliber drilling of the 89mm borehole is realized, and the bottleneck of the existing minimum 118mm borehole drilling is broken through.
In the practical application process, the displacement of the pulser pup joint 7 is 1.5-6L/s. The pulse generator is arranged in the pulser pup joint, and generates pulse signals to send engineering parameters and geological parameters to the ground-end wireless transceiver host.
The conventional pulse generator for petroleum drilling generally adopts the displacement of 10L/s, cannot be applied to geological drilling, and the excessive displacement easily causes excessive external ring air pressure of the horizontal rope drill rod to cause the breakage of the horizontal rope drill rod.
Optionally, a centralizing ring 12 is also arranged in the non-magnetic drill collar; one end of a battery nipple in the non-magnetic drill collar 4 is connected with one end of a main control exploratory tube nipple 9 through a centralizing ring 12.
In the practical application process, the pulser nipple 7 adopts a small-displacement (1.5-6L/s) MWD system, and the acquired parameters are transmitted to a computer terminal on the ground in a digital form so as to carry out real-time drilling monitoring and data processing. The small-displacement (1-6L/s) MWD system has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple structure, convenient operation, high reliability, low cost and the like.
In the drilling process, a small-displacement (1.5-6L/s) MWD system is used as a small-displacement pulser to avoid the problem of reduced transmission stability of pulse signals, so that the accuracy of detection data is improved, accurate underground parameter information is provided, a drilling engineer is helped to master drilling dynamics better, the drilling efficiency is improved, the drilling cost is reduced, and drilling accidents are reduced.
Optionally, a wireless receiver is arranged in the wireless receiving nipple 10; a wireless transmitter is arranged in the wireless transmitting nipple 11; the micro engineering parameter detection sensor comprises a micro weight-on-bit sensor, a micro annular pressure sensor, a micro vibration sensor, a micro rotating speed sensor, a micro weight-on-bit torque measurement sensor and an azimuth gamma measurement sensor; the miniature bit pressure sensor, the miniature annular pressure sensor, the miniature vibration sensor, the miniature rotating speed sensor, the miniature bit pressure torque measuring sensor and the azimuth gamma measuring sensor are respectively connected with the electric signals of the controller.
In the practical application process, the miniature weight-on-bit sensor, the miniature annular pressure sensor, the miniature vibration sensor, the miniature rotating speed sensor and the miniature weight-on-bit torque measuring sensor all adopt miniature sensors, so that the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple 5 are small in size, and small-caliber borehole drilling is realized. The micro engineering parameter detection sensor can collect environmental parameters, attitude parameters and equipment operation parameters simultaneously.
The ground part uses radio transmission riser to gather pressure signal, and the pressure sensor of ground end installs and gathers riser pressure signal on the riser, need not arrange the cable when using, and the ground host computer is analyzed the signal of gathering.
Optionally, during the drilling process, the azimuth gamma measurement sensor divides the borehole into a plurality of sectors, the controller records the gamma count value, the sector angle and the data acquisition time of each sector, analyzes the gamma count value, the sector angle and the data acquisition time of each acquired sector, and obtains the gamma API scale information and the well deviation information of each sector; the azimuth gamma measurement sensor adopts sodium iodide crystal as a sensor, and the measurement range is 0-512API. The azimuth gamma measurement sensor can obtain stratum image data and realize geological parameter measurement.
Optionally, the micro annular pressure sensor adopts a sputtering film pressure sensor, and the measuring range is 0-50Mpa.
The sputtering film pressure sensor adopts a film process to deposit an insulating medium film between the sensitive resistor and the elastic body for isolating the sensitive resistor and the elastic body. The typical thin film structure on the metal elastomer is divided into four layers, wherein the bottom layer is an insulating film, and the upper layer is a deposited resistor film, a lead electrode gold film and a passivation protection film for ensuring the stability and reliability of the bridge arm resistance of the Wheatstone bridge, and the Wheatstone bridge is composed of strain resistors. The working principle of the sputtering film type pressure sensor is as follows: when the pressure (P1) of the medium to be measured acts on one side of the elastic stainless steel membrane, the elastic membrane is deformed under the action of pressure, the geometric dimension of the bridge arm resistance film of the Wheatstone bridge positioned on the other side is correspondingly deformed, the resistance value is correspondingly changed, the bridge generates an output signal which is in linear proportion to the pressure due to the change of the resistance value, and the signal is subjected to processing such as amplification, adjustment and the like and then is transmitted to a processing circuit (A/D conversion and CPU).
Optionally, the miniature vibration sensor is arranged on the electronic bin wall of the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple 5, and two biaxial accelerometers fixed at 90 degrees are adopted; and fixing by adopting an epoxy adhesive fixing mode.
In the practical application process, the mounting mode and the position of the miniature vibration sensor are as follows: two biaxial accelerometers are fixed on the electronic bin wall of the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple 5 at 90 degrees, so that vibration and impact conditions of the drilling tool in the axial direction, the rotation normal direction and the rotation tangential direction can be measured simultaneously. In order to ensure reliable transmission of drilling tool vibration and improve the resonant frequency of the accelerometer, the accelerometer is fixed in an epoxy adhesive fixing mode.
The miniature vibration sensor is selected from the following: the miniature vibration detection sensor adopts a low-power consumption and double-shaft acceleration detection chip which is commonly used for vibration detection, is integrated with a fully differential detection sensor and a circuit, and has excellent electromagnetic/radio frequency interference resistance.
Optionally, the micro rotation speed sensor is a micro angular rate sensor, the micro angular rate sensor is a differential four-sensor, and when the rotation speed detection module is installed, the axial direction of the detection chip is consistent with the axial direction of the upper drill collar 1.
In the practical application process, the miniature rotating speed sensor is selected from the group consisting of: the miniature angular rate sensor adopts an advanced differential four-sensor, can restrain the influence of linear acceleration, and can detect the speed in severe impact and vibration environments.
And (3) mounting a miniature rotating speed sensor: since the micro angular rate sensor is a Z-axis rate device (also called a yaw rate detection device), when it rotates clockwise around a normal axis on the top of the package (i.e. looking down the package cover), a positive output voltage (i.e. voltage increasing direction) can be generated, and when it rotates counterclockwise, the voltage decreases, so that when the rotation speed detection module is installed, the axial direction of the detection chip coincides with the axial direction of the upper drill collar 1.
Optionally, the miniature weight-on-bit torque measuring sensor adopts a Wheatstone bridge structure, two strain gauges in the same bridge arm direction are connected in series, then the strain gauges in the rest bridge arm directions are connected in series, and finally the strain gauges form the Wheatstone bridge structure inside all the metal cylindrical grooves.
In the practical application process, the miniature weight-on-bit torque measuring sensor adopts a Wheatstone bridge structure as follows: the strain gauges in the same bridge arm direction are connected in series firstly, then the strain gauges in other bridge arm directions are connected in series, and finally the strain gauges form a Wheatstone bridge structure in all metal cylindrical grooves.
Strain gauge selection: the strain sensor array is selected, and high-precision grid wires can be formed on the strain gauge by adopting a high-precision photoetching technology, for example, the length proportion coefficient of the transverse sensitive grid and the longitudinal sensitive grid is large, so that the sensitivity has small direction dispersion coefficient, and the high-temperature resistance, the creep resistance and the mechanical hysteresis are very tiny.
The engineering parameter acquisition indexes which can be realized by the invention are as follows:
weight on bit: 150kn±5% f.s; torque: 6 kN.m.+ -. 5% F.S; rotational speed: 0-255 rpm + -1% F.S; vibration: 0-5 g.+ -. 1% F.S; pressure: 0-21 MPa.+ -. 2% F.S.
The gesture parameter acquisition indexes are as follows: well deviation: 0-180 DEG + -0.2 DEG; orientation: 0-360 DEG + -1 DEG; tool face: 0-360 DEG + -1 deg.
The geological parameter indexes are as follows: gamma: 0-512 API.+ -. 5% F.S.
The invention can collect a plurality of engineering parameters and geological parameters while drilling and simultaneously carry out coring operation, thereby overcoming the problems that the existing drilling and collecting equipment can only collect a single parameter and the existing drilling and collecting equipment is additionally provided with a plurality of sensors to cause that the volume of the drilling equipment is too large to be applied to small-diameter geological exploration.
While drilling, the engineering parameters, the attitude parameters and the stratum parameters in the measuring holes can be drilled efficiently, drilling information is not lost, and a set of horizontal rope coring drill rod can achieve three purposes of coring, real-time detection and track control.
The invention adopts the micro engineering parameter detection sensor and the azimuth gamma measurement sensor to measure engineering geological parameters at the same time, thereby realizing the drilling of the well bores with the diameter of 89mm and below.
The invention adopts the displacement smaller than the displacement pulser to avoid the problem of the reduction of the transmission stability of the pulse signal caused by the generated large-flow mud, improves the accuracy of detection data so as to provide accurate underground parameter information, helps drilling engineers to better master the drilling dynamics, improves the drilling efficiency, reduces the drilling cost and reduces the occurrence of drilling accidents.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment provides a data sensing method based on horizontal rope drill pipe multi-source real-time integrated drilling and logging equipment, which comprises the following steps:
the multi-source real-time integrated drilling and logging equipment utilizes a rope coring drill rod to drill and core, simultaneously utilizes a micro engineering parameter detection sensor to collect engineering parameter data in real time, utilizes an environment sensor to collect environment parameters in real time, utilizes an attitude sensor to collect well deviation azimuth in real time, and utilizes an azimuth gamma measurement sensor to collect geological parameter data in real time; optionally, the environmental sensor includes a temperature and humidity sensor;
the ground end is provided with a wireless receiving and transmitting host;
the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment transmits the acquired engineering parameters, attitude parameters, environmental parameters and geological parameters to a wireless receiver through a wireless transmitter arranged at a wireless transmitting nipple, and a pulse generator generates a pulse signal and then transmits the pulse signal to a wireless transceiver host at the ground end;
the wireless receiving and transmitting host at the ground end receives and analyzes the engineering parameter data and the geological parameter data;
the wireless receiving and transmitting host at the ground end generates a control instruction and sends the control instruction to the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment;
the wireless receiver of the wireless receiving nipple of the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment receives the control command and transmits the control command to the controller of the master control probe nipple of the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment;
the controller executes the control instruction to control the coring of the wire-line coring drill rod and control the multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment of the horizontal wire-line drill rod to acquire engineering parameter data and geological parameter data.
The miniature engineering parameter detection sensor collects engineering parameter data in real time, can realize small-caliber drilling of the 89mm well bore, and breaks through the existing drilling bottleneck of the lowest 118mm well bore. The engineering parameter data and the geological parameters are collected simultaneously, the engineering parameter collection is realized by utilizing a miniature engineering parameter detection sensor, and the engineering parameters comprise environmental parameters, attitude parameters and equipment operation parameters; and acquiring geological parameter data in real time by using an azimuth gamma measurement sensor.
Optionally, the displacement of the pup joint of the pulser is 1.5-6L/s.
Optionally, a centralizing ring is also arranged in the non-magnetic drill collar; one end of a battery nipple in the non-magnetic drill collar is connected with one end of the main control exploring pipe nipple through a centralizing ring.
Optionally, a wireless receiver is arranged in the wireless receiving nipple 10; a wireless transmitter is arranged in the wireless transmitting nipple 11; the micro engineering parameter detection sensor comprises a micro weight-on-bit sensor, a micro annular pressure sensor, a micro vibration sensor, a micro rotating speed sensor, a micro weight-on-bit torque measurement sensor and an azimuth gamma measurement sensor; the miniature bit pressure sensor, the miniature annular pressure sensor, the miniature vibration sensor, the miniature rotating speed sensor, the miniature bit pressure torque measuring sensor and the azimuth gamma measuring sensor are respectively connected with the electric signals of the controller.
Optionally, the micro annular pressure sensor adopts a sputtering film pressure sensor, and the measuring range is 0-50 Mpa;
the miniature vibration sensor is arranged on the electronic bin wall of the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple joint, and two biaxial accelerometers fixed at 90 degrees are adopted; fixing by adopting an epoxy adhesive fixing mode;
the miniature rotating speed sensor is an angular rate sensor, and the angular rate sensor is a differential four-sensor; when the rotating speed detection module is installed, the axial direction of the detection chip is consistent with the axial direction of the upper drill collar;
the miniature bit pressure torque measuring sensor adopts a Wheatstone bridge structure, two strain gauges in the same bridge arm direction are connected in series, then the strain gauges in the other bridge arm directions are connected in series, and finally the strain gauges form the Wheatstone bridge structure in all the metal cylindrical grooves.
Optionally, during the drilling process, the azimuth gamma measurement sensor divides the borehole into a plurality of sectors, the controller records the gamma count value, the sector angle and the data acquisition time of each sector, analyzes the gamma count value, the sector angle and the data acquisition time of each acquired sector, and obtains the gamma API scale information and the well deviation information of each sector; the azimuth gamma measurement sensor adopts sodium iodide crystal as a sensor, and the measurement range is 0-512API.
Optionally, the azimuth gamma measurement sensor can obtain formation image data to realize geological parameter measurement.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring device is characterized by comprising a rope coring drill rod (1), an upper drill collar (1), a suspension joint (3), a non-magnetic drill collar (4) and an azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple (5);
the upper drill collar is connected with the first end of the non-magnetic drill collar (4) through a suspension joint (3); the second end of the non-magnetic drill collar (4) is connected with one end of the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple (5);
a main valve head (6) is arranged in the upper drill collar (1) and the suspension joint (3);
a pulser nipple (7), a battery nipple (8), a main control probe nipple (9), a wireless receiving nipple (10) and a wireless transmitting nipple (11), a main valve head (6), the pulser nipple (7), the battery nipple (8), the main control probe nipple (9), the wireless receiving nipple (10) and the wireless transmitting nipple (11) are sequentially connected in the non-magnetic drill collar (4); a controller, an attitude sensor and an environment sensor are arranged in the main control probe pipe nipple (9); the attitude sensor and the environment sensor are in electrical signal connection with the controller;
a plurality of micro engineering parameter detection sensors and azimuth gamma measurement sensors are arranged in the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple (5);
a pulser (701) and a pulser connecting seat (702) are arranged in the pulser pup joint (7); the pulse generator (701) is fixed on the pulse generator connecting seat (702); a valve rod (703) is arranged in the upper drill collar (1); an inner runner is arranged in the valve rod (703);
one end of the pulse generator (701) enters the upper drill collar (1) and is connected with one end of the valve rod (703) through a spring (704), and the other end of the valve rod (703) is fixedly provided with a valve head (705); the inner wall of the upper drill collar (1) is fixedly provided with a guide ring (706) and a clamping piece (707) is arranged at the position of the valve head (705);
the circulating mud in the upper drill collar (1) pushes the valve head (705) to move, so that a gap formed between the valve head (705) and the clamping piece (707) is enlarged; when the inner flow passage of the valve rod (703) is opened, the valve rod (703) and the valve head (705) are reset through the spring (704), so that a gap formed between the valve head (705) and the clamping piece (707) is reduced; the pulse generator (701) generates a pulse signal according to the gap change frequency and sends the pulse signal to a wireless receiving and transmitting host computer at the ground end, and the wireless receiving and transmitting host computer at the ground end decodes the pulse signal.
2. The horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the upper drill collar (1) is 89mm; the displacement of the pulser pup joint (7) is 1.5-6L/s.
3. The horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a centralizing ring (12) is further arranged in the non-magnetic drill collar (4); one end of a battery nipple (8) in the non-magnetic drill collar (4) is connected with one end of a main control probe nipple (9) through a centralizing ring (12).
4. The horizontal rope drill pipe multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment according to claim 1, wherein a wireless receiver is arranged in the wireless receiving nipple (10); a wireless transmitter is arranged in the wireless transmitting nipple (11); the micro engineering parameter detection sensor comprises a micro weight-on-bit sensor, a micro annular pressure sensor, a micro vibration sensor, a micro rotating speed sensor, a micro weight-on-bit torque measurement sensor and an azimuth gamma measurement sensor; the miniature bit pressure sensor, the miniature annular pressure sensor, the miniature vibration sensor, the miniature rotating speed sensor, the miniature bit pressure torque measuring sensor and the azimuth gamma measuring sensor are respectively connected with the electric signals of the controller.
5. The horizontal rope drill pipe multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring device according to claim 4, wherein the micro annular pressure sensor adopts a sputtering film pressure sensor, and the measuring range is 0-50 Mpa;
the miniature vibration sensor is arranged on the electronic bin wall of the azimuth gamma and engineering parameter nipple (5) and adopts two biaxial accelerometers fixed at 90 degrees; fixing by adopting an epoxy adhesive fixing mode;
the miniature rotating speed sensor is an angular rate sensor, and the angular rate sensor is a differential four-sensor; when the rotating speed detection module is installed, the axial direction of the detection chip is consistent with the axial direction of the upper drill collar;
the miniature bit pressure torque measuring sensor adopts a Wheatstone bridge structure, two strain gauges in the same bridge arm direction are connected in series, then the strain gauges in the other bridge arm directions are connected in series, and finally the strain gauges form the Wheatstone bridge structure in all the metal cylindrical grooves.
6. The horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment according to claim 4, wherein in the drilling process, an azimuth gamma measurement sensor divides a borehole into a plurality of sectors, a controller records a gamma count value, a sector angle and data acquisition time of each sector, and analyzes the gamma count value, the sector angle and the data acquisition time of each sector after acquisition to obtain gamma API scale information and well deviation information of each sector; the azimuth gamma measurement sensor adopts sodium iodide crystal as a sensor, and the measurement range is 0-512API.
7. The data sensing method based on the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling, recording and measuring equipment utilizes a rope coring drill rod (1) to drill and core, simultaneously utilizes a micro engineering parameter detection sensor to collect engineering parameter data in real time, utilizes an environment sensor to collect environment parameters in real time, utilizes an attitude sensor to collect well deviation azimuth in real time, and utilizes an azimuth gamma measurement sensor to collect geological parameter data in real time;
the ground end is provided with a wireless receiving and transmitting host;
the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment transmits the acquired engineering parameters, attitude parameters, environmental parameters and geological parameters to a wireless receiver through a wireless transmitter arranged at a wireless transmitting nipple (11), and pulse signals are generated by a pulse generator and then transmitted to a wireless transceiver host at the ground end;
the wireless receiving and transmitting host machine at the ground end receives engineering parameters and geological parameters and analyzes the engineering parameters and the geological parameters;
the wireless receiving and transmitting host at the ground end generates a control instruction and sends the control instruction to the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment;
a wireless receiver of a wireless receiving nipple (10) of the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment receives a control instruction and transmits the control instruction to a controller of a master control probe nipple (9) of the horizontal rope drill rod multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment;
the controller executes the control instruction to control the coring of the wire-line coring drill rod (1) and control the multi-source real-time integrated drilling and recording equipment of the horizontal wire-line drill rod to acquire engineering parameter data and geological parameter data.
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