CN117445257A - Variable rubber product mold and vulcanization molding process method thereof - Google Patents
Variable rubber product mold and vulcanization molding process method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117445257A CN117445257A CN202311489475.7A CN202311489475A CN117445257A CN 117445257 A CN117445257 A CN 117445257A CN 202311489475 A CN202311489475 A CN 202311489475A CN 117445257 A CN117445257 A CN 117445257A
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005560 fluorosilicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013040 rubber vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/0022—Multi-cavity moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
- B29C33/306—Exchangeable mould parts, e.g. cassette moulds, mould inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a variable rubber product mould and a vulcanization molding process method thereof, comprising an upper mould plate and a lower mould plate, wherein the upper mould plate and the lower mould plate are positioned by a positioning pin, a mounting hole is processed on the upper mould plate, an upper mould core is arranged on the mounting hole, a mounting hole is processed on the lower mould plate, a lower mould core is arranged on the mounting hole, the upper mould core and the lower mould core are corresponding to each other in upper and lower positions, and the shape of the end face is in concave-convex fit to form a mould cavity and a parting surface, and the process comprises the following steps: and (3) remilling, vulcanization molding and burr cleaning of rubber. The invention adopts the detachable and assemblable multi-cavity rubber ring die, can be disassembled and assembled according to production requirements, and can adjust the number of the die; the disassembly and the repair of the die are convenient; the edge tearing grooves are designed in the upper mold core and the lower mold core, so that the rubber ring has no flash after vulcanization molding, the product quality and the production efficiency are improved, and the qualification rate of primary rubber ring flash cleaning is more than 99%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber product mould pressing, and particularly relates to a variable rubber product mould and a vulcanization molding process method thereof.
Background
Rubber is a general term for high-molecular polymers and compounds with high elasticity, has high elasticity and excellent fatigue resistance, wear resistance, fatigue resistance and electrical insulation, air tightness and water tightness, molding process and chemical stability, and is a very important high-molecular material in aerospace.
The vulcanization of rubber means that raw rubber is subjected to chemical reaction to generate crosslinking under the action of certain temperature, pressure and time, so that unvulcanized rubber material is converted into vulcanized rubber, and the vulcanized rubber is converted into a stable reticular structure by a chain structure, thereby realizing good physical properties.
Rubber molds are important process equipment for producing rubber product parts. The factors such as the structure, the precision, the surface roughness of the cavity and the service life of the rubber mold directly influence the dimensional precision, the surface quality, the production cost, the production efficiency, the product percent of pass and the like of the rubber product parts. Moreover, the design of the die structure, the choice of materials used for the main components, the heat treatment requirements, the manufacturing process, the assembly quality and the like can influence the service life of the die. Therefore, when designing the mould, the structural characteristics of the product part are carefully analyzed and researched, and a reasonable mould structure is selected, so that the design requirements of the product part, the production process requirements and the use operation requirements of the mould are met.
In general, for precision rubber products, especially sealing rubber rings, the requirements on appearance and size are very strict, and for mass production of rubber rings, the use of a multi-cavity mold is required to be combined, so that the yield is increased. The former used mould is mostly a single-cavity and simple multi-cavity insert, and the construction period is long in the repairing process; if the demand is not large, unnecessary energy waste is caused by heavy multi-cavity molds, the precise rubber ring flash is difficult to clean, and time and energy are consumed; therefore, the design of a multi-cavity mold which combines the production conditions, is easy to repair and disassemble is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems of difficult repair and long repair period of a multi-cavity die and difficult cleaning of rubber ring flash.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a variable rubber product mould, includes cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster, cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster pass through the locating pin location, processing has the mounting hole on the cope match-plate pattern, installs the mold core on the mounting hole, processing has the mounting hole on the lower bolster, installs down the mold core on the mounting hole, the upper mold core corresponds with lower mold core upper and lower position, and the unsmooth cooperation of terminal surface shape constitutes mould die cavity and die joint.
Preferably, the upper template comprises an outer ring template and an inner ring template, the outer ring template and the inner ring template are connected through a clamping pin through a blind hole of the outer ring template in a positioning way, the outer ring template is a circular ring plate surface, mounting holes are uniformly distributed on the plate surface of the outer ring template along the circumference, positioning pin holes are formed in the plate surface of the outer ring template in a processing way, the inner ring template is of a disc structure, mounting holes are uniformly distributed on the plate surface of the inner ring template along the circumference, the structure and the shape of the lower template are the same as those of the upper template, and the aperture and the position of the mounting holes and the positioning pin holes are also the same.
Preferably, the upper mold core comprises an assembly section, a platform section and a first cavity section which are installed in an alignment mode with a mounting hole of the upper mold plate, wherein the assembly section is a cylinder, the size is matched with the mounting hole, the platform section is a horizontal convex ring with the diameter larger than that of the assembly section, the first cavity section is a cone, a first cavity is machined on the side wall of the cone according to the shape of a rubber ring part to be machined, the first cavity is semicircular along the section of the side wall of the cone, and a tearing groove in a semi-water drop shape is symmetrically formed on two sides of the semicircle.
Preferably, the lower mold core comprises an assembly section, a platform section and a second cavity section which are arranged in an alignment manner with a mounting hole of the lower mold plate, wherein the assembly section is a cylinder, the size is matched with the mounting hole, the platform section is a horizontal convex ring with the diameter larger than that of the assembly section, the second cavity section is a cone groove, a concave surface faces the assembly section, a second cavity is machined on the side wall of the cone groove according to the shape of a product to be machined, the second cavity is semicircular along the section of the cone side wall, the second cavity and the semicircle of the first cavity form a complete circle, and a through hole penetrating through the end face of the assembly section is machined at the cone center of the cone groove of the cavity section.
Preferably, the bayonet lock is double-deck sleeve pipe structure including outer sleeve pipe and the inlayer sleeve pipe of cover in outer sleeve pipe inside, is equipped with the spring in the inlayer sleeve pipe, and the spring both ends are fixed with the spring cap, and the card is blocked for the terminal surface is connected on the top of spring cap, the card is blocked for the terminal surface, opens a radial ring slightly more than the card and blocks the diameter on the circumference that the inlayer sleeve pipe corresponds with the both sides card is blocked, opens a slot slightly more than the card and blocks the diameter on the both sides of outer sleeve pipe respectively, and the welding has the pressure spring in the blind hole inner bottom of inner circle template, and the hole wall and the bayonet lock of outer lane template are packed into the back card and are blocked corresponding position processing has the draw-in groove.
Preferably, the parting surface of the cavity sections of the lower mold core and the upper mold core forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the axis of the mold core.
Preferably, the first cavity and the second cavity form a mold cavity D F Is larger than the size D of the rubber ring part Z ，D F And D Z The relation of (2) is:
wherein D is F -mould cavity dimensions (mm);
D Z -rubber ring part size (mm);
S SP -average vulcanization shrinkage (%) of rubber;
delta-product part dimensional tolerances (mm);
the manufacturing tolerance of the delta-die cavity is within +/-0.01, phi 15-phi 50 +/-0.02 and phi 50-phi 100 +/-0.03 according to empirical values phi 15.
The invention also relates to a vulcanization molding process method of the variable rubber product mold, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, remilling: breaking macromolecular long-chain rubber molecules of the sizing material into short chains, placing the sizing material into a remilling device, regulating the roll gap after the sizing material is softened, enabling the sizing material to wrap the rolls, keeping a small amount of residual sizing materials above the two rolls, cutting the sizing materials on two sides for at least five times, tightening the roll gap after the surface of the sizing material is smooth, passing through the sizing material three to five times, and regulating the roll gap to the required thickness for blanking;
step 2, vulcanization molding: filling the sizing material into a mold cavity manually, and directly pressurizing and heating by using a vulcanizing machine after mold closing;
step 3, burr cleaning: and taking the vulcanized rubber ring part out of the die cavity, tearing the edge of the rubber ring part, and removing burrs.
Preferably, the step 2 vulcanization molding is performed in two steps, and one step of vulcanization is performed under the following conditions: rapidly blanking after the temperature of the die is raised to 160 ℃, and closing the die and pressurizing for 2-4 MPa for 10min; taking out the product after primary vulcanization to carry out secondary vulcanization, wherein the secondary vulcanization conditions are as follows: heating to 150+ -5 deg.C at room temperature, keeping the temperature in the oven for 1h, heating from 150+ -5 deg.C for 1h to 200+ -5 deg.C, keeping the temperature in the oven for 4h, cooling to room temperature along with the oven, and taking out.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. adopt can dismantle the multicavity rubber ring mould of equipment, can dismantle the equipment according to the production demand, adjust mould quantity.
2. The mold core and the mold plate separated structure is convenient to detach and repair the mold.
3. The edge tearing grooves are designed in the upper mold core and the lower mold core, so that the rubber ring has no flash after vulcanization molding, the product quality and the production efficiency are improved, and the qualification rate of primary rubber ring flash cleaning is more than 99%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a variable rubber article mold.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper template structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial enlarged structure at I in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the bayonet.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a left-view direction structure of the bayonet.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the upper mold core structure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the lower mold core structure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a mold cavity structure.
Reference numerals: the mold comprises the following components of a 1-upper mold plate, a 2-lower mold plate, a 3-upper mold core, a 4-lower mold core, a 5-locating pin, a 6-bayonet lock, a 7-pressure spring, a 101-mounting hole, a 102-outer ring mold plate, a 103-inner ring mold plate, a 104-blind hole, a 301-assembly section, a 302-platform section, a 303-first cavity section, a 304-first cavity, a 305-edge tearing groove, a 401-second cavity section, a 402-second cavity, a 601-outer layer sleeve, a 602-inner layer sleeve, a 603-spring, a 604-spring cap and a 605-bayonet lock.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a variable rubber product mold comprises an upper mold plate 1 and a lower mold plate 2, wherein the upper mold plate 1 and the lower mold plate 2 are made of 45# steel, the heat treatment hardness is 35-40 HRC, the upper mold plate 1 and the lower mold plate 2 are positioned through positioning pins 5 as a main body structure of the mold, positioning action of each related part and an insert in the mold structure is guaranteed, guiding control action is performed on the parts which move mutually, a mounting hole 101 is processed on the upper mold plate 1, an upper mold core 3 is mounted on the mounting hole 101, the structure of the lower mold plate 2 is identical to that of the upper mold plate 1, a mounting hole 101 is processed on the lower mold plate 2 at the same position as the upper mold plate, a lower mold core 4 is mounted on the mounting hole 101, the upper mold core 3 corresponds to the lower mold core 4 in an up-down position, the end surface shape is in concave-convex fit to form a mold cavity and a parting surface, circular ring-shaped cavity (namely, a first cavity 304 and a second cavity 402) after up-down butt joint of the upper mold core 3 and the lower mold core 4 are mold cavities, and the butt joint surfaces are parting surfaces are jointed.
As shown in fig. 3, taking the upper template 1 as an example, the upper template 1 comprises an outer ring template 102 and an inner ring template 103, the outer ring template 102 and the inner ring template 103 are inserted into a blind hole 104 of the inner ring template 103 for positioning connection after penetrating through a hole of the outer ring template 102 through a bayonet 6, the outer ring template 102 is a circular ring plate surface, 8 mounting holes 101 are uniformly distributed on the plate surface of the outer ring template 102 along the circumference, positioning pin holes are processed on the plate surface of the outer ring template 102 and used for positioning the lower template 2, the inner ring template 103 is of a disc structure, 3 mounting holes 101 are uniformly distributed on the plate surface of the inner ring template 103 along the circumference, and a center lightening hole is processed at the center of the inner ring template 103, so that the carrying, the mold opening and the repairing of the mold are facilitated. In the actual production process, according to whether the production situation is urgent or not, the outer ring template 102 is installed and disassembled, and the simultaneous vulcanization molding of the 11 cavities can be realized after the installation. The lower die plate 2 has the same structure and shape as the upper die plate 1, and the apertures and positions of the mounting holes 101 and the positioning pin holes are also the same.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the bayonet lock 6 is a double-layer sleeve structure, which comprises an outer sleeve 601 and an inner sleeve 602 sleeved in the outer sleeve 601, a spring 603 is arranged in the inner sleeve 602, spring caps 604 are fixed at two ends of the spring 603, the top end of the spring cap 604 is connected with a bayonet lock 605, the bayonet lock 605 is an arc surface, annular holes slightly larger than the diameter of the bayonet lock 605 are formed in the circumferences of the inner sleeve 602 corresponding to the bayonet locks 605 at two sides, an axial long groove slightly larger than the diameter of the bayonet lock 605 is formed in each of two sides of the outer sleeve 601, a pressure spring 7 is welded at the inner bottom of a blind hole 104 of an inner ring template 103, a clamping groove is machined at the position corresponding to the bayonet lock 605 after the hole wall of an outer ring template 102 and the bayonet lock 6 are assembled, when the outer template 102 is assembled, the outer sleeve 601 is pushed towards the direction of the inner template 103 to compress the pressure spring 7, the bayonet lock 605 is outwards clamped on the clamping groove by the elasticity of the spring 603, when the outer sleeve 601 is disassembled, the outer sleeve 601 is outwards pulled along with the inner sleeve 605, and the bayonet lock 605 is simultaneously pressed back together, and the bayonet lock 7 is outwards pushed outwards, so that the bayonet lock 6 is conveniently taken out, and the bayonet lock 6 is conveniently removed, and the clamp 6 is assembled with the outer template 2, and the material is loaded with the outer template 2 and the material is 19, and the material is 2 and the material is loaded with the Ni 2. The diameter phi 9 of the outer sleeve 601 is 5mm thick, the diameter phi 8 of the inner sleeve 602 is 3mm thick, and the materials of the spring cap 604 and the spring 603 are CrWMn with the hardness of 40-45 HRC.
As shown in fig. 7, the upper mold core 3 includes an assembly section 301, a platform section 302 and a first cavity section 303, which are installed in alignment with the installation hole 101 of the upper mold plate 1, the assembly section 301 is a cylinder, the size is matched with the installation hole 101, the platform section 302 is a horizontal convex ring with a diameter larger than that of the assembly section 301, the first cavity section 303 is a cone, a first cavity 304 is processed on the side wall of the cone according to the shape of a rubber ring part to be processed, the first cavity 304 is semicircular along the sectional shape of the side wall of the cone, and tearing grooves 305 which are in semi-water drop shapes are symmetrically formed on two sides of the semicircle, so that the purpose of obtaining the rubber ring without flash after vulcanization molding is achieved. The small water drop-shaped head of the tearing edge groove 305 faces the first cavity 304, and the interval between the tearing edge groove 305 and the first cavity 304 is discontinuous.
As shown in fig. 8, the lower mold core 4 comprises an assembly section 301, a platform section 302 and a second cavity section 401 which are installed in alignment with the installation hole 101 of the lower mold plate 2, the assembly section 301 is a cylinder, the size is matched with the installation hole 101, the platform section 302 is a horizontal convex ring with the diameter larger than that of the assembly section 301, the second cavity section 401 is a cone groove, the concave surface faces, the assembly section 301 of the lower mold core 4 is provided with a second cavity 402 on the side wall of the cone groove according to the shape of a product to be processed, the section of the second cavity 402 along the cone side wall is semicircular, a complete circular mold cavity is formed by the second cavity 402 and the semicircle of the first cavity 304, and a through hole penetrating through the end face of the assembly section 301 is formed in the cone center position of the cone groove of the second cavity section 401. The parting surface of the cavity sections of the lower mold core 4 and the upper mold core 3 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the axis of the mold core. The upper mold core 3 and the lower mold core 4 are made of No. 45 steel, and the hardness is 42-45 HRC.
In the vulcanization process, the rubber material is internally deformed and crosslinked under the action of pressure and temperature, so that thermal expansion stress is generated. After the vulcanization has ended, the compound has cooled, the thermal expansion stresses tend to be relieved, the linear dimensions of the rubber article being proportionally reduced, and therefore, in order to obtain the correct dimensions of the rubber article, the dimensions of the mold cavity have to be appropriately increased. This phenomenon, in which there is always a dimensional difference between the vulcanized rubber article and the mold, is known in the rubber industry as shrinkage.
Thus, the following factors are considered in designing the mold cavity of the present invention:
1) The vulcanization shrinkage, hardness, vulcanization conditions and the like of the product parts.
2) The shape and structure of the product parts and whether the structure characteristics of the inserts are inside.
3) The working surface position of the product part and the use function and requirement thereof.
4) The production batch size of the product parts.
5) The mold has the structural characteristics and the size of the formed flash.
6) In the production, the glue stock filling mode, the stripping and picking method and the like.
In summary, in combination with practical production, the dimension D of the mold cavity formed by the first cavity and the second cavity is ensured F Is larger than the size D of the rubber ring part Z ，D F And D Z The relation of (2) adopts the following formula:
wherein D is F -mould cavity dimensions (mm);
D Z -rubber ring part size (mm);
S SP -average vulcanization shrinkage (%) of rubber;
delta-product part dimensional tolerances (mm);
the manufacturing tolerance of the delta-die cavity is within +/-0.01, phi 15-phi 50 +/-0.02 and phi 50-phi 100 +/-0.03 according to empirical values phi 15.
a. If the tolerance of the product parts is unidirectional distribution and the tolerance value is positive, thenThe (+). Is taken, whereas the (-) is taken.
b. If the tolerance range of the product parts is positive or negative and is symmetrically distributed, thenTaking 0.
c. If the tolerance range of the product parts is positive or negative and is asymmetrically distributed, thenTaking the bi-directional tolerance value half, its positive, its sign is determined, then it depends on the absolute value being large.
With the size of the processed product beingFor example, a certain precision rubber ring size inner diameter x section diameter is known: phi 14.1+/-0.13 x phi 1.7+/-0.08, and the rubber material adopts fluorosilicone rubber G402 (QXXY-506-2012) to be sleeved into the formula +.>And (5) obtaining the corresponding size of the die cavity:
D①＝[(1+3％)×(14.1+1.7)+0]±0.02
=Φ 16.27 ±0.01 (two decimal places)
D②＝[(1+3％)×1.7+0]±0.01
=Φ 1.751 ±0.01 (taking two decimal places), wherein D (1) is the inner diameter of the mold cavity and D (2) is the cross-sectional diameter of the mold cavity.
The vulcanization reaction is a complex chemical process participated by a multi-component, and comprises a series of chemical reactions between rubber molecules and vulcanizing agents and other compounding agent components, the vulcanization reaction process is analyzed, the vulcanization process can be divided into four different stages, namely a scorching stage, a hot vulcanization stage, a flat vulcanization stage and an oversulfide stage, on one hand, a plurality of chemical reactions are carried out simultaneously, and a large amount of heat is emitted from the system; on the other hand, the rheological properties of the rubber material change qualitatively. The vulcanization process is that the high molecular polymer flows at a certain temperature, when the temperature is increased, the linear structure of the high molecular polymer is changed from a high-elastic state to a viscous state, and irreversible deformation is formed under the action of external force, and the essence is that obvious relative displacement is generated between molecules. During vulcanization, the rubber material of the rubber product is internally deformed and crosslinked under the action of pressure and temperature, so that thermal expansion stress is generated.
The invention also relates to a vulcanization molding process method of the variable rubber product mold, and the key vulcanization process of the fluorosilicone rubber G402 (QXXY-506-2012) researched by the invention comprises the following steps: and (3) remilling, vulcanization molding and burr cleaning of rubber.
And (3) back refining: and the process of breaking the macromolecular long-chain rubber molecules into short chains is beneficial to changing the molecular chain structure into a net structure in the subsequent rubber vulcanization process. If the sizing material has a structuring phenomenon (namely the sizing material is in a hard state) during the remilling, the sizing material is firstly put into the roll gap for a plurality of times, the roll gap is adjusted after the sizing material becomes soft, the sizing material wraps the rolls, and a small amount of residual sizing material is kept above the two rolls. Cutting the rubber on two sides for at least five times, tightening the roll spacing after the surface of the rubber is smooth, thinning the rubber three to five times, and then adjusting the roll spacing to the required thickness for blanking, wherein the rubber after blanking is smooth and flat. The gum must be reworked when it remains for reuse in the day.
And (3) vulcanization molding: and filling the rubber material into a mold cavity by hand, directly pressurizing and heating by using a vulcanizing machine after closing the mold, and forming and vulcanizing the rubber material in the mold cavity within a certain time to obtain the rubber product with good performance.
A vulcanization molding process method of a variable rubber product mold comprises the following steps:
step 1, remilling: breaking macromolecular long-chain rubber molecules of the sizing material into short chains, placing the sizing material into a remilling device, regulating the roll gap after the sizing material is softened, enabling the sizing material to wrap the rolls, keeping a small amount of residual sizing materials above the two rolls, cutting the sizing materials on two sides for at least five times, tightening the roll gap after the surface of the sizing material is smooth, passing through the sizing material three to five times, and regulating the roll gap to the required thickness for blanking;
step 2, vulcanization molding: the rubber material is filled in the mould cavity manually, and after the mould is closed, the mould is directly pressurized and heated by a vulcanizing machine, and the vulcanization molding process is that the rubber macromolecules form a reticular structure by a chain structure in a certain time under a certain pressure and temperature, so that the process of the best performance state is achieved. The change in mechanical properties of the rubber after vulcanization is characterized by tensile strength and tear strength.
Tensile strength σt=p/(b·d);
wherein: σt is tensile strength (MPa);
p is the maximum load (N);
b is the sample width (mm);
d is the sample thickness (mm);
combining the vulcanization process of rubber and the tensile strength and tear strength properties of fluorosilicone rubber, the vulcanization molding of G402 (QXXY-506-2012) was determined to be two-stage vulcanization, with one stage vulcanization condition being: rapidly blanking after the temperature of the die is raised to 160 ℃, and closing the die and pressurizing for 2-4 MPa for 10min; taking out the product after primary vulcanization to carry out secondary vulcanization, wherein the secondary vulcanization conditions are as follows: heating to 150+ -5 ℃ at room temperature, preserving heat in an oven for 1h, heating from 150+ -5 ℃ for 1h to 200+ -5 ℃, preserving heat in the oven for 4h, cooling to room temperature along with the oven, and taking out;
step 3, burr cleaning: and taking the vulcanized rubber ring part out of the die cavity, tearing the edge of the rubber ring part, and removing burrs. And the surface quality state of the rubber ring is checked, and the working surface of the part is smooth and flat, and no bubbles, holes, impurities, concave-convex surfaces, scratches, burrs and marks of poor mold processing are caused. The non-working surface of the part allows for slight wear of the mold or indications of machining failure.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles applied, and any modifications and equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A variable rubber product mould and its characterized in that: the die comprises an upper die plate and a lower die plate, wherein the upper die plate and the lower die plate are positioned through positioning pins, a mounting hole is formed in the upper die plate, an upper die core is arranged on the mounting hole, a mounting hole is formed in the lower die plate, a lower die core is arranged on the mounting hole, the upper die core corresponds to the lower die core in the upper-lower position, and the shape of the end face of the die cavity is concave-convex matched to form a die cavity and a parting surface.
2. A variable rubber article mold according to claim 1, wherein: the upper template comprises an outer ring template and an inner ring template, the outer ring template and the inner ring template are connected through a bayonet lock to penetrate through a hole of the outer ring template and then are inserted into a blind hole of the inner ring template in a positioning mode, the outer ring template is a circular ring plate surface, mounting holes are uniformly distributed on the plate surface of the outer ring template along the circumference, positioning pin holes are formed in the plate surface of the outer ring template in a processing mode, the inner ring template is of a disc structure, mounting holes are uniformly distributed on the plate surface of the inner ring template along the circumference, the structure and the shape of the lower template are identical to those of the upper template, and the aperture and the position of the mounting holes and the positioning pin holes are also identical.
3. A variable rubber article mold according to claim 1, wherein: the upper mold core comprises an assembly section, a platform section and a first cavity section, wherein the assembly section, the platform section and the first cavity section are installed in alignment with an installation hole of an upper mold plate, the assembly section is a cylinder, the size and the installation hole are matched, the platform section is a horizontal convex ring with the diameter larger than that of the assembly section, the first cavity section is a cone, a first cavity is machined on the side wall of the cone according to the shape of a rubber ring part to be machined, the first cavity is semicircular in the section shape of the side wall of the cone, and the side tearing groove is formed in the shape of a semi-water drop in the bilateral symmetry of the semicircle.
4. A variable rubber article mold according to claim 3, wherein: the lower mold core comprises an assembly section, a platform section and a second cavity section which are arranged in an aligned mode with a mounting hole of a lower mold plate, wherein the assembly section is a cylinder, the size is matched with the mounting hole, the platform section is a horizontal convex ring with the diameter larger than that of the assembly section, the second cavity section is a cone groove, a concave surface faces the assembly section, a second cavity is machined on the side wall of the cone groove according to the shape of a product to be machined, the second cavity is semicircular in section along the side wall of the cone, a complete circle is formed by the second cavity and the semicircle of the first cavity, and a through hole penetrating through the end face of the assembly section is machined at the cone center of the cone groove of the cavity section.
5. A variable rubber article mold according to claim 2, wherein: the bayonet lock is double-deck sleeve pipe structure including outer sleeve pipe and the inlayer sleeve pipe of cover in outer sleeve pipe inside, is equipped with the spring in the inlayer sleeve pipe, and the spring both ends are fixed with the spring cap, and the card is blocked to the top connection of spring cap, the card is blocked for the terminal surface, and it is the arc surface to block up to open a radial ring that slightly is greater than the card and blocks up the diameter on the circumference that corresponds to inlayer sleeve pipe and both sides card, respectively opens a slot that slightly is greater than the card and blocks up the diameter on outer sleeve pipe's both sides, and the welding has the pressure spring in the blind hole inner bottom of inner circle template, and the card is blocked up to corresponding position processing has the draw-in groove after the pore wall of outer lane template and bayonet lock are packed into.
6. The variable rubber article mold of claim 4, wherein: the parting surface of the cavity sections of the lower mold core and the upper mold core forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the axis of the mold core.
7. The variable rubber article mold of claim 4, wherein: the first cavity and the second cavitySize D of formed mold cavity F Is larger than the size D of the rubber ring part Z ，D F And D Z The relation of (2) is:
wherein D is F -mould cavity dimensions (mm);
D Z -rubber ring part size (mm);
S SP -average vulcanization shrinkage (%) of rubber;
delta-product part dimensional tolerances (mm);
the manufacturing tolerance of the delta-die cavity is within +/-0.01, phi 15-phi 50 +/-0.02 and phi 50-phi 100 +/-0.03 according to empirical values phi 15.
8. The vulcanization molding process of a variable rubber product mold according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1, remilling: breaking macromolecular long-chain rubber molecules of the sizing material into short chains, placing the sizing material into a remilling device, regulating the roll gap after the sizing material is softened, enabling the sizing material to wrap the rolls, keeping a small amount of residual sizing materials above the two rolls, cutting the sizing materials on two sides for at least five times, tightening the roll gap after the surface of the sizing material is smooth, passing through the sizing material three to five times, and regulating the roll gap to the required thickness for blanking;
step 2, vulcanization molding: filling the sizing material into a mold cavity manually, and directly pressurizing and heating by using a vulcanizing machine after mold closing;
step 3, burr cleaning: and taking the vulcanized rubber ring part out of the die cavity, tearing the edge of the rubber ring part, and removing burrs.
9. The vulcanization molding process of a variable rubber product mold as described in claim 8, wherein: the step 2 of vulcanization molding is divided into two sections of vulcanization, and one section of vulcanization conditions are as follows: rapidly blanking after the temperature of the die is raised to 160 ℃, and closing the die and pressurizing for 2-4 MPa for 10min; taking out the product after primary vulcanization to carry out secondary vulcanization, wherein the secondary vulcanization conditions are as follows: heating to 150+ -5 deg.C at room temperature, keeping the temperature in the oven for 1h, heating from 150+ -5 deg.C for 1h to 200+ -5 deg.C, keeping the temperature in the oven for 4h, cooling to room temperature along with the oven, and taking out.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311489475.7A CN117445257A (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2023-11-09 | Variable rubber product mold and vulcanization molding process method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311489475.7A CN117445257A (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2023-11-09 | Variable rubber product mold and vulcanization molding process method thereof |
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| CN117445257A true CN117445257A (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| CN202311489475.7A Pending CN117445257A (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2023-11-09 | Variable rubber product mold and vulcanization molding process method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117445257A (en) |
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- 2023-11-09 CN CN202311489475.7A patent/CN117445257A/en active Pending
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