Crankshaft grinding device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing machining, in particular to a crankshaft grinding device.
Background
The crankshaft is the main rotating part of the engine, and after the connecting rod is installed, the crankshaft can receive the up-and-down (reciprocating) motion of the connecting rod to be changed into the circulating (rotating) motion. The crankshaft is a very important component in the automobile air conditioner compressor, air conditioner refrigerating unit and the like. The crankshaft is used as a main connecting and driving part, the surface of the crankshaft is generally distributed with a plurality of step surfaces and an arc channel for accommodating rolling steel balls, and in the practical application process, in order to reduce friction between the crankshaft and other parts, a higher standard is often put forward on the smoothness of the crankshaft during the grinding process of the crankshaft.
The conventional crankshaft is usually an asymmetric workpiece, and as shown in fig. 1, the front end cylinder 4 of the crankshaft is not coaxially disposed with the crankshaft main body 1, and therefore, when polishing the front end cylinder 4 of the crankshaft, the following problems generally occur:
the first front end column body is not easy to align. The crankshaft is easy to grind and deflect in the actual grinding process, so that the smoothness of the crankshaft is difficult to meet the actual use requirement, and the rate of defective products of the crankshaft is increased.
And secondly, the crank shaft is not easy to clamp. Because the precision requirement of the crank grinding process on the position and the size of the crank is high, and the front end column of the crank is of an eccentric design, the moment of inertia of the eccentric position is relatively large in the rotating process, the surface of a crank part is smooth, cooling liquid is arranged in the processing process, the crank part is very easy to be clamped effectively, the part slides in a clamp during the grinding processing, the position of the alignment is deviated, the surface of the part is not uniformly polished, the rate of the defective product of the crank is increased, the personnel injury and the death are very easy to be caused once the crank part slides out, the labor intensity of operators is also greatly increased when the crank part is adjusted by stopping the crank continuously, and the efficiency of crank grinding is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the crankshaft grinding device, wherein the front end column body of the crankshaft body can be quickly aligned under the action of the alignment device, so that the subsequent polishing of the crankshaft is facilitated, and meanwhile, the pushing part pushes the pressing part to downwards press the crankshaft body, so that the quick clamping of the crankshaft is realized, and the clamping requirement of crankshaft grinding is met.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crankshaft grinding apparatus including a clamping apparatus for clamping a crankshaft body, the clamping apparatus including a pushing portion and a pressing portion, the pushing portion pushing the pressing portion to move obliquely and press the crankshaft body downward, an alignment apparatus for aligning the crankshaft body being provided in front of the clamping apparatus.
According to the scheme, the crankshaft body is placed below the pressing part, the pushing part pushes the pressing part to move obliquely and press the crankshaft body downwards, so that the clamping requirement on the crankshaft body in the grinding process is met, the loosening and falling of the crankshaft body are avoided, and the smooth performance of the crankshaft grinding work is ensured; the setting of aligning device can be before the bent axle body presss from both sides tightly, aligns the front end post body of bent axle body, makes the front end post body be located normal direction, avoids the grinding wheel to grind the off tracking, has satisfied the smoothness requirement of bent axle body.
Optionally, the compressing part includes connecting piece and compressing tightly the piece, the connecting piece with compressing tightly piece swing joint, the bottom of connecting piece is provided with the inclined plane, the promotion portion with inclined plane sliding connection.
Through this scheme, the promotion portion is along the inclined plane backward movement to apply a decurrent pressure to the front end of connecting piece, because connecting piece and compress tightly a swing joint, consequently, compress tightly the piece and also move down thereupon under the effect of connecting piece, finally press from both sides tightly fixedly with the bent axle body, satisfied the tight demand of clamp of irregular bent axle body, guaranteed going on smoothly of bent axle grinding work.
Optionally, the pushing part includes pushing cylinder, push rod and ejector pad, the one end of push rod with pushing cylinder fixed connection, the other end with ejector pad fixed connection, the ejector pad with inclined plane adaptation sliding connection.
Through this scheme, push cylinder promotes the push rod and reciprocates, and then drives the ejector pad of push rod front end and reciprocate along with the front and back, because ejector pad and the inclined plane sliding connection of connecting piece bottom to when making the ejector pad remove along the inclined plane, can realize loosening or press from both sides tight operation to the bent axle body, operation simple, the practicality is high.
Optionally, the alignment device includes drive portion and guide portion, drive portion drive guide portion up-and-down motion, guide portion is used for leading the front end cylinder of bent axle body.
Through this scheme, drive portion drives and leads the portion up-and-down motion, leads the portion and acts on the front end cylinder and lead the front end cylinder to lead, and the axle that deviates from normal direction is brought back to normal direction, has reduced the possibility of bent axle mill off tracking in the grinding process.
Optionally, the guide part includes a guide block, and a groove adapted to the front end column is formed in the guide block.
Through this scheme, the recess on the guide block reciprocates along with the guide block, promotes the front end post body and makes it get into in the recess can accomplish the alignment to front end post body position, because the position of locating the timing, the bent axle body is not pressed from both sides tightly fixedly, consequently, the front end post body can accomplish alignment operation fast under the effect of guide block, the grinding when avoiding the grinding is off tracking, has guaranteed the grinding quality of bent axle body.
Optionally, the connection part of the connecting piece and the pressing piece is in an arc-shaped structure.
Through this scheme, circular-arc structure has increased the smoothness nature of being connected between connecting piece and the clamp, ensures that the motion of connecting piece can drive clamp down motion smoothly, is favorable to going on smoothly of bent axle compaction work.
Optionally, the clamping device is fixedly mounted on a moving device, and the moving device pushes the clamping device to move back and forth.
Through this scheme, mobile device's setting can drive clamping device and reciprocate, and then drives bent axle body back-and-forth movement, is convenient for polish the bent axle body, has promoted the efficiency of polishing.
Optionally, the mobile device includes motor, lead screw, goes up slide rail and lower slide rail, the motor with screw drive connects, the lead screw run through go up the slide rail and with go up slide rail threaded connection, go up the slide rail with lower slide rail sliding connection.
Through this scheme, use motor drive lead screw to rotate, because threaded connection between lead screw and the last slide rail, and then drive the slide rail and reciprocate along lower slide rail, finally realized the back-and-forth movement of bent axle body, guaranteed going on smoothly of bent axle work of polishing.
The crankshaft grinding device has the technical effects that the crankshaft grinding device can not only rapidly realize the alignment of the cylinder at the front end of the crankshaft and reduce the possibility of crankshaft deviation, meets the smoothness requirement in the actual use process of the crankshaft, but also rapidly clamp the crankshaft body, prevent the crankshaft body from loosening and falling during grinding, ensure the smooth progress of the crankshaft grinding work and improve the grinding quality.
Other features of the present invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the crank grinding apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a crankshaft grinding apparatus.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the crankshaft grinding apparatus.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the crank grinding apparatus.
Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the several views; the figures are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
Examples
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, the crank grinding device in the present embodiment includes a clamping device 2 for clamping a crank body 1, the clamping device 2 includes a pushing portion 21 and a pressing portion 22, the pushing portion 21 pushes the pressing portion 22 to move obliquely and press the crank body 1 downward, and an alignment device 3 for aligning the crank body 1 is provided in front of the clamping device 2.
When in clamping, the crankshaft body 1 is placed below the compression part 22, the pushing part 21 pushes the compression part 22 to move obliquely and compress the crankshaft body 1 downwards, so that the clamping requirement of the crankshaft body 1 in the grinding process is met, the loosening and falling of the crankshaft body 1 are avoided, and the smooth performance of the crankshaft grinding work is ensured; the setting of aligning device 3 can carry out the alignment to the front end cylinder 4 of bent axle body 1 before bent axle body 1 presss from both sides tightly, makes front end cylinder 4 be located normal direction, avoids the grinding wheel to grind the off tracking, has satisfied the smoothness requirement that bent axle body 1 used.
Further, the pressing portion 22 includes a connecting piece 221 and a pressing piece 222, the connecting piece 221 is movably connected with the pressing piece 222, an inclined surface is provided at the bottom of the connecting piece 221, the pushing portion 21 is slidably connected with the inclined surface, and the inclined surface in this embodiment is arranged from high to low from the pressing piece 222 to the push rod 212.
The pushing part 21 moves backwards along the inclined plane, so that a downward pressure is applied to the front end part of the connecting piece 221, and the connecting piece 221 is movably connected with the pressing piece 222, so that the pressing piece 222 also moves downwards under the action of the connecting piece 221, and finally the crankshaft body 1 is clamped and fixed, thereby meeting the clamping requirement of the irregular crankshaft body 1 and ensuring the smooth performance of the crankshaft grinding work.
Further, the pushing portion 21 includes a pushing cylinder 211, a pushing rod 212, and a pushing block 213, one end of the pushing rod 212 is fixedly connected with the pushing cylinder 211, the other end is fixedly connected with the pushing block 213, the pushing block 213 is slidably connected with the inclined surface in an adapting manner, in this embodiment, the pushing cylinder 211 is a linear cylinder, and an inclination direction of a top of the pushing block 213 is consistent with an inclination direction of the inclined surface of the bottom of the connecting piece 221.
The push cylinder 211 pushes the push rod 212 to move forwards and backwards, and then drives the push block 213 at the front end of the push rod 212 to move forwards and backwards, and because the push block 213 is in sliding connection with the inclined surface at the bottom of the connecting piece 221, when the push block 213 moves along the inclined surface, the operation of loosening or clamping the crankshaft body 1 can be realized, the operation mode is simple, and the practicability is high.
Further, the alignment device 3 includes a driving portion 31 and a guide portion 32, the driving portion 31 drives the guide portion 32 to move up and down, the guide portion 32 is configured to guide the front end column 4 of the crankshaft body 1, and the driving portion 311 in this embodiment includes cylinders that are disposed oppositely up and down, and the cylinders are fixedly mounted on the upper slide rail 63 through the L-shaped mounting plate 7.
The driving part 31 drives the guide part 32 to move up and down, the guide part 32 acts on the front end column 4 to guide the front end column 4, and the shaft deviating from the normal direction is brought back to the normal direction, so that the possibility of crankshaft deviation in the grinding process is reduced.
Further, the guide portion 32 includes a guide block 321 and a connecting plate 322, a piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 322, the connecting plate 322 is fixedly connected with the guide block 321, and a groove 5 adapted to the front end cylinder 4 is formed in the guide block 321.
The groove 5 on the guide block 321 moves up and down along with the guide block 321 under the pushing of the air cylinder, the front end column 4 is pushed to enter the groove 5, and the alignment of the position of the front end column 4 can be completed.
Further, the connection part between the connecting piece 221 and the pressing piece 222 has an arc-shaped structure.
The circular arc structure increases the smoothness of the connection between the connecting piece 221 and the compressing piece 222, ensures that the movement of the connecting piece 221 can smoothly drive the compressing piece 222 to move downwards, and is beneficial to the smooth proceeding of the compression work of the crankshaft.
Further, clamping device 2 fixed mounting is on mobile device 6, mobile device 6 promotes clamping device 2 back-and-forth movement, and the setting of mobile device 6 can drive clamping device 2 back-and-forth movement, and then drives bent axle body 1 back-and-forth movement, uses the emery wheel of side to polish bent axle body 1 when being convenient for process not unidimensional bent axle, has promoted the efficiency of polishing.
Further, the moving device 6 includes a motor 61, a screw 62, an upper slide rail 63, and a lower slide rail 64, the motor 61 is in driving connection with the screw 62, the screw 62 penetrates the upper slide rail 63 and is in threaded connection with the upper slide rail 63, and the upper slide rail 63 is in sliding connection with the lower slide rail 64.
During movement, the motor 61 is used for driving the screw rod 62 to rotate, and the screw rod 62 is in threaded connection with the upper sliding rail 63, so that the upper sliding rail 63 is driven to move back and forth along the lower sliding rail 64, the back and forth movement of the crankshaft body 1 is finally realized, and the smooth performance of the crankshaft polishing work is ensured.
Further, the clamping device 2 is installed in the chuck 8, an upper base 9 and a lower base 10 are arranged in the chuck 8, the crankshaft body 1 is placed between the upper base 9 and the lower base 10, a pressing piece 222 is arranged at the front end of the upper base 9, and the top end of the pressing piece 222 penetrates through the chuck 8 and is in sliding connection with the chuck 8.
Further, the shaft housing 12 is sleeved outside the push rod 212, the shaft housing 12 is connected with the rotary cylinder 11, the rotary cylinder 11 drives the crankshaft body 1 to rotate during processing through the chuck 8, specifically, the push rod 212 is connected with the push cylinder 211 through the shaft seat 13, a piston rod of the push cylinder 211 is fixedly connected with the shaft seat 13, the push rod 212 is installed in the shaft seat 13 and is rotationally connected with the shaft seat 13, and the rotary cylinder 11 drives the shaft housing 12, the push rod 212 and the chuck 8 to synchronously rotate, so that the crankshaft body 1 is finally driven to rotate, and smooth operation of crankshaft grinding is ensured. .
The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:
first, the crank body 1 is gripped by a manipulator and placed between the upper base 9 and the lower base 10, at this time, the crank body 1 is not yet clamped, and when the sensor detects the existence of the crank body 1, the upper and lower guide blocks 321 start to fall under the drive of the cylinder, and the front end cylinder 4 is guided into the groove 5, so that the center of the front end cylinder 4 is always located in the normal direction.
After the alignment is completed, the push cylinder 211 pulls the push rod 212 to move backwards, and then drives the push block 213 to move backwards along the inclined surface of the connecting piece 221, so that pressure is applied to the connecting piece 221, and the connecting piece 221 drives the compressing piece 222 to move downwards to compress the crankshaft, so that the crankshaft cannot move.
After the crankshaft is clamped, the cylinder is started to drive the guide block 321 to move upwards, the guide block 321 leaves the surface of the crankshaft, the chuck 8 rotates under the action of the rotary cylinder 11, the grinding wheels at the side edges also start to rotate at the same time, and finally polishing of a crankshaft workpiece is completed.
The crankshaft grinding device has the technical effects that the crankshaft grinding device can not only rapidly realize the alignment of the cylinder at the front end of the crankshaft and reduce the possibility of crankshaft deviation, meets the smoothness requirement in the actual use process of the crankshaft, but also rapidly clamp the crankshaft body, prevents the crankshaft body from loosening and falling during grinding, ensures the smooth performance of the crankshaft grinding work, and improves the grinding quality.
While certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.